SU1130303A1 - Method of treating silk-worm cocoons - Google Patents

Abstract

METHOD OF TREATING COCONS, including exposure to a microwave field, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of the silk shell, the cocoons are subjected to a discontinuous microwave field, first with a strength of 30-50 V / cm for 4-5 minutes, then kept for 3 -10 days at 20-30 ° C and a dry air content of 15-30 g / kg of water, after which again the cocoons are exposed to the microwave field with a strength of 100-200 V / cm for 5-10 minutes, while the height layer of cocoons should be 5-10 cm.

Description

00

Invention relates to agriculture, namely to sericulture and can be used in artificial breeding of silkworm. A known method of thermally treating cocoons, including exposure to hot air at 80 ° C or more. The disadvantage of the method is that during high-temperature processing, a part of the pupae inside the cocoon breaks and the fluid from the pupa body percolates through the shell, which leads to a decrease in quality silk shell. The known method of treating cocoons, including their exposure to a microwave field, in which the field strength increases from 50 to 300 V / cm during 1820 minutes 2. The disadvantage of this method is that with increasing throughput of the drying units it is necessary to increase the energy A microwave floor, and this leads to a rise in pupal temperature of up to 100 ° C, as a result of which the intense release of water vapor from the pupa leads to rupture of the shell. In this case, the contents of the pupa are ejected onto the inner surface of the cocoon, it dries out and reduces the quality of the silk shell. The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of the silk shell. The goal is achieved by the fact that according to the method of processing cocoons, which include exposure to a microwave field, the windows are exposed to an intermittent microwave field, first with a strength of 30-50 V / cm for 4-6 minutes, then kept for 3-10 days at 20–30 ° C and 15–30 t / kg of water in dry air, after which the coconut is again affected by the microwave field with a strength of 100–200 V / cm for 5–10 min, the height of the cocoons should be 5–5 10 cm. Example. The method is tested under production conditions. As the primary processing reaches the base of the primary treatment, the live cocoons for a short time (4-6 min) are exposed to microwave energy with a low voltage of 30-50 V / cm. With such parameters, the microwave floor of the pupa inside the cocoons is heated up to 80 ° C in a few seconds, while the temperature of the silk shell remains almost initial, since its humidity is 15–20 times less than the humidity of the pupa. To remove the released water vapor, the cocoons are blown with air at 40-50 ° C. At this stage of heat treatment, the pupa is baked (slaughtered) and partially dried. The limits of the duration of the microwave exposure from 4 to 6 min at the first stage of processing were chosen taking into account the 100% killing (pickling) of the pupae. With a treatment duration of less than 4 minutes, a number of pupae are reanimated. Table 1 shows the effect of the duration of the microwave effect on the marinating process of the pupae. Thus, the increase in the duration of the microwave effect is impractical because of the energy overspending and the decrease in the performance of the microwave installations. Due to the short duration and, consequently, high throughput, the entire mass of the incoming cocoons is timely subjected to heat treatment, with the result that the cocoons are completely pickled and partially dried. The application of the microwave field strength of 30-50 V / cm is optimal for the reason that the pupae are completely caked and the quality of the cocoons is preserved. In tab. Figure 2 shows the effect of the intensity of the microwave floor on the quality of the cocoons. After this treatment in the microwave field, the cocoons are unloaded into perforated metal boxes, which are kept under a canopy for 3-10 days at an ambient air temperature of 2030 ° C and a moisture content of 15-30 g / kg dry air. This mode is soft, but, nevertheless, the body of the pupa softens as during cooking. To eliminate the selection of the doll liquid under the silk shell, it is necessary to make the shutter speed. In the second stage, the cocoons are aged at an average daily ambient temperature of 20-30 ° C for 3-10 days. During this time the body of the pupa condenses. The temperature of 20-30 ° C is caused by the ambient temperature during harvesting and primary processing of cocoons. Keeping cocoons in the open air for three or more than 10 days leads to a decrease in the yield of raw lye. In tab. Figure 3 shows the effect of the duration of exposure of cocoons in the open air. At the third stage, the cocoons again act upon the microwave field of a higher intensity of 100–200 V / cm for 5–10 min and carry out the drying, without fear of rupture of the pupae. From cocoons, processed by the proposed method, get cocoons, which are not inferior in quality to the cocoon shell with a living pupa. In tab. Figure 4 shows the effect of intermittent microwave exposure on the quality of the cocoon shell. From tab. 4 shows that the quality of the cocoons, which are favorable to the heat treatment according to the offer34

In my opinion, the method was preserved at the level of living horses of the microwave field, according to a known method of pokokons (standard), which did not undergo a deterioration in the quality of silk processing. Impact on the same heels.

Duration of microwave exposure, min

2 3 4 5 6

1130303

Table 1

Revived pupae,%

47.2 9.5 O About

ABOUT

Live cocoons without thermotable Table 2

Live cocoons (without heat treatment (reference)

Famous

the way

Intermittent

impact

Microwave field

Table 4

36.4

2.9-3.1

33.6

7.8-8.3 2.9-3.2 36.5

Claims (1)

METHOD OF COCOON PROCESSING, including exposure to them with a microwave field, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of the silk sheath, cocoons are exposed to an intermittent microwave field with a voltage of 30-50 V / cm for 4-5 minutes, then kept for 3- 10 days at 20-30 ° C and a content of 15-30 g / kg of water in dry air, after which the cocoons are again exposed to a microwave field of 100-200 V / cm for 5-10 minutes, while the height of the layer of cocoons should be 5-10 cm.