SU11185A1 - Apparatus for separating solid and liquid components of peat or brown coal - Google Patents

Description

In the proposed apparatus for the separation of solid and liquid parts of peat, related to the known apparatuses, in which disintegrators are used, there are sharp disks with rotating bolts rotating in different directions.

In FIG. 1 is a vertical section of the apparatus; FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of another embodiment and FIG. 3 shows a section along line IV-IV of FIG. 2

At the bottom, under the outlet of the funnel 1, there is a concave disk 3 (FIG. 1), fitted with ribs 4, which scoop up the material and act like shovels. The disk 3 is fixed to hall 6, which in turn is held in the thrust bearing 7 and in the intermediate bearing 8. The conical wheel 9 is connected to the shaft 6 and is driven through the conical wheel 10 from the motor 11. Concentric with axis 6, the circumferential channels are arranged 12; 14, 15, built into the wall of concrete or metal and sleep 1, with drains 16, 17, 18, which

 lead mass through the funnels 19, 20, 21 on the transport belts 22, 23, 24. On the shaft 6 on top of the intermediate bearing 8 superimposed freely

; rotating ring 25 to which

I using the rod 26 is still attached vertical shovels 27,

 28, 29. The rod 26 passes through the bearing of the gear wheel 30 and is uniformly connected with the wheel of the motor 31, the rack of which rests on the rod 26, and is connected (fixed or movable) to the wheel 32 on one side, and to the gear 30 on the other. The wheel 32 moves along a rail 33 mounted concentric with axis 6; the gear wheel 30 moves along a gear rack, which is also mounted concentrically with axis 6. This device is driven from the motor 11. The material is loaded into the middle of the disk 3, from which it is loaded with partitions 4, then begins to rotate and, thanks to the centrifugal

; With increasing speed, it is moving away from the edge of the disk.

If peat or lignite were previously sufficiently processed, so that solid and liquid constituents are separated without much difficulty, then a rotational speed of the disks is established that would be sufficient to discard individual constituents with different strengths. Due to this last circumstance, it is possible to separately assemble the individual components in the various circular zones 12, 14, 15. This force depends on the speed of rotation of the disk and on the specific weight of the corresponding components of the material.

At the same time, the motor 31, which actuates the shovels 27, 28, 29, moves in circular zones 12, 14, 15. At the same time, these shovels advance the material deposited in circular zones forward into drains 16, 17, 18 and from there 22, 23, 24, which deliver it to any desired place. To achieve a uniform supply of material to the conveyor belts, the number of rods 26 can be increased and, accordingly, the number of shovels 27, 28 and 29. Shield 35 serves to protect the gear wheel 30.

In the example shown in FIG. 2, a device is described that can be used to produce, in addition to grinding and separating the solid constituents of different specific gravities, also, in the case of a wet material, the separation of its liquid and solid constituents. The device consists of concentrically disposed concave discs 38, 39 fixed on a beam 41, spanning shaft 40, on which sleeve 43 is fixed, having a conical shape 44 at the top; this sleeve is provided with a side screw drive 45, and at the bottom with shovels 46, the slope of which gradually increases. Next, the sleeve 43 is connected with a concave disc 37 and two convex 48, 49 using radially supplied flat iron. The disks 37 and 48 are interconnected by strips 50 in the part lying near the shaft 40, and the mobile pins 51 to the edge of the disk (Fig. 3). The strips 50 play the role of shovels, accelerating the supply to the edges of the discs of material supplied at considerable speed by the pressure of the pressing auger 45 and shovels 46. Bilge pins 51 play the role of barriers that the material moving to the periphery encounters; in this case, the material is partly entrained to the edges of the disks, and partly crushed and crushed, causing the disintegration of plant cells. After leaving the space between the disks 48, 37, the processed material falls on the disk 38, rotating in the direction opposite to the disks 48, 37, and here also encounters bumps or inclined planes, is carried along the surface of the disk to its edges and reaches particular protrusions 52 ( similar to pins 51), in which the described course of work is repeated. By changing the direction of rotation, the material hits protrusions 52 with almost double force, and as the radius of the disk 38 increases, the centrifugal force also increases. The same thing is repeated when the material is transferred from the disk 38 to the disk 49 with the protrusions 53, and the last time this process is repeated when the transition from the disk 49 to the oppositely rotating disk 39 with the protrusions 54. From the last disk 39, the material falls free into circumferential channels , from where with the help of shovels 27, 28, mounted on rod 26, through the underlying chambers 19, 20, it gets onto transport devices 22, 23. Rod 26 is fixed in wheels 59, 60 running along rails 61 and 62, while rotating gear wheel 30 advances along the toothed rack 34 located along disk 39 and protected from the falling material. The beam 41 supporting the discs 38, 39 is firmly connected to the bevel wheel 63, rotating simultaneously with the wheel 64 around the axis of the drive motor 65. On the shaft 40, the bevel wheel 66 is rotatable

simultaneously with the wheel 64, the wheels 63, 66 and parts connected with them rotate in opposite directions and at different speeds. If the speed of the disk is chosen so high that the liquid constituents of the material become vaporized, it is recommended to supply the upper, outer disk with discharge holes for liquids, water vapor, etc. In this case, the disks can be artificially heated or cooled to regulate vaporization of liquid components. FIG. 2 shows a stepped hole 67, bounded by radial, successive steps. The number of steps as well as their dimensions can be set as desired. In this figure, the cross-sections of the passage chambers (spaces) are reduced to the periphery, and the barriers 51, 52, 53, 54 are shortened as the material moves to the periphery at increasing speed and requires smaller holes. height due to the greater surface of the ground material.

Redmet patent.

Claims (6)

1. An apparatus for separating solid and liquid constituents of peat or brown coal by passing through a disintegrator, characterized by the use of or one flat (or concave), equipped with ribs 4, 5 (Fig 1), or sickle pins, etc., disk 3 or two or more disks 38, 39, 49 (Fig 2), rotated in different directions and provided protrusions 52, 53 and holes in the disk 49 for the introduction of peat, etc. 2. The form of the apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the individual discs overlap each other with edges or convexes. 3. The form of the apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross sections of the openings assigned to pass the material being processed during the rotation of the discs are reduced during the transition from one disc to another. 4. The form of the apparatus according to p. 1-3, characterized in that the disks are staggered one above the other, provided on the circular zones with protrusions for breaking the material and the circular zones are limited to axially rotating discs with holes 67 (Fig. 2 ). 5. The form of the apparatus according to p. 1-4, characterized by the use of a funnel 1 with a pressing screw 45 and rotating shovels 46, 47, 50 for feeding crushed peat or brown coal under pressure. 6. In the apparatus according to claim 1-5 the use of disks 37, 48, connected between each other by pins 51 and strips 50 (Fig. 3).