SU1112345A1 - System for automatic control of electric load of plant - Google Patents

Abstract

AUTOMATIC CONTROL SYSTEM OF ELECTRIC LOADING ENTERPRISE, consisting of energy control devices, each of which contains electricity metering sensors and technological processes, the outputs of which are connected to the primary information input unit, the output of which is connected to the internal information highway, and the microprocessor integrated by it, a memory unit, a console and a timer, a load control unit, as well as a registration unit, the inputs of which are connected to the internal information highway, and The microprocessor interrupts are connected respectively to the interrupt request outputs from the registration blocks, input of primary information, the console and the load control block, and the microprocessor interrupt supply output is connected to the interrupt acknowledgment inputs of the same blocks and, in order to increase the operability and accuracy in controlling the electrical load of the enterprise; a communication unit is connected to each energy control device connected to an internal information highway, and To interrupt request of each of the communication units, which are combined by an additionally introduced common two-wire line, is connected to the first additional interrupt line of the microprocessor, and the auxiliary interrupt supply input is connected to the interrupt acknowledge output (L of the communication unit, enabling the console output is connected to the enabling input of the control unit loads, with With this, one of the control devices with energy, performing the functions of a central device, was additionally introduced a time signal adjuster and switch Ator, whose entrances with. connected to the timer code and output X) of the time marker, the other output of which is connected to: the timer and communication unit clock input, and the switch output is connected to the second additional microprocessor interrupt line, and to other energy control devices acting as local devices , synchronization blocks are introduced, which connect the timers of the timers with the frequency outputs of the communication blocks.

Description

This invention relates to electrical power engineering, in particular, to automatic load control devices. A known control system for electrical load of enterprises, including sensors that monitor the performance of electrical installations, communication lines, a timer, devices for receiving and collecting information and regulating l. The disadvantage of this system is the lack of optimization of the plant load schedule. The operational control of the load of the enterprise during its forced operation during the hours of maximum load of the power system is not provided. The closest to the technical nature of the invention is the automated control system, an electrical load of an enterprise consisting of energy monitoring devices, each containing electricity metering sensors and state of technological processes, the outputs of which are connected to the primary information input unit, the output of which is connected to the internal information highway, and the microprocessor, the memory unit, the console and the timer, the load control unit, and the recording unit, the inputs of which are connected They are connected to the internal information highway, and the interrupt inputs of the macro processor are connected respectively to the interrupt request outputs from the registration, input of primary information, console and load control box, and the microprocessor interrupt grant output is connected to the interrupt acknowledgment inputs of the same blocks and console 2 However, the structural composition of the elements of a known system does not allow the organization of interactions between dispersed devices in the organization of control at sites that are remote swear from a friend. The centralization of the processing of primary information and the generation of control signals makes it difficult to obtain operational information on the power consumption mode at the installation sites by the sensor. In this case, there is an error in the initial data during control due to the absence of a single time in the dispersed devices. The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency and accuracy in controlling the electrical load of an enterprise. This goal is achieved by the fact that in an automatic control system of electrical load of an enterprise, consisting of energy control devices, each of which contains electricity metering sensors and technological processes, the outputs of which are connected to the primary information input unit, the output of which is connected to the internal information highways, and the microprocessor combined by it, the memory unit, the console and the timer, the load control unit, as well as the registration unit, whose inputs are connected to the internal information The main line, the interrupt inputs of the microprocessor are connected respectively to the interrogation request outputs of the registration, input of primary information, the console and the load control block, and the microprocessor interrupt supply output is connected to the interrupt acknowledgment inputs of the same blocks and the console; connection, connected to the internal information highway, the interrupt request output, of each of the communication units, which are combined by the additionally entered common a conductive line connected to the first additional microprocessor interrupt line, and an additional interrupt provision output connected to the communication interrupt acknowledgment output of the communication unit enabling the console output connected to the enable input of the load control unit, which functions as the central device , additionally introduced a time signal adjuster and a switch, the inputs of which are connected to the timer output and the output of time marker tags, another output which is connected to the sync output of the timer and communication unit, and the switch output is connected to the second additional microprocessor interrupt line, and other energy control devices that perform the functions of local devices have synchronization blocks connected to the synchronous input: timers with frequent outputs of communication units . FIG. Figure 1 shows a block diagram of an enterprise automatic load control system; in fig. 2 - synchronization unit, an example of execution; in fig. 3 - switch, exemplary embodiment; in fig. 4 - time diagram of the switch operation. The device consists of local device 1 control, sensors 2 of electricity metering and the state of technological processes, primary information input blocks 3, internal information highways 4, microprocessors 5, memory blocks 6, consoles 7, constant input blocks 8, timer 9, registration units 10, load control units 11, communication units 12, common two-wire communication line 13, synchronization unit 14, central energy control device 15, which includes all of the listed units except synchronization unit 14, and so the tasks 16 time signal and the automatic switch 17. The sensors 2, dispersed on objects, supplied on its own by communication links primary information about power consumption or generation, as well as the state of technological processes. The primary information input unit 3 continuously scans (polls) sensors 2 for the purpose of detecting changes in their states, and at the same time filtering sensor signals from possible interference. When detecting a change in state, block 3 issues an interruption request, i.e. The request for processing the received information to the microprocessor 5. The internal information line 4 functions in the general case as follows. Output drivers of devices connected to the trunk are devices with three states (reception, output and high-impedance, i.e. disconnected). The following buses are distinguished in the information highway: a data bus (ID), an address bus (AI), a control bus (CB), and a synchronization bus (CL). The core of the trunk is microprocessor. Consider the operation of the line in case of detection by the unit 3 of the input information of the moment of the sensor response. In this case, block 3 issues an interrupt request. The level (degree) of interruption set by block 3 is the highest. This means that if processor 5 receives several interrupt requests at the same time, information input unit 3 will be serviced first. If the interrupt request is not from block 3, the processor, if it is free, accesses the memory for calling the subroutine servicing this type of interrupt, if it is busy after executing the current command, the processor remembers the address of the next command to be executed and proceeds conditionally to the subroutine request of block 3. In this case, the processor exposes the address of block 3 to the AE, and, having received it, it sets the address of its sensor operation on the data buses. Upon receiving the interrupt grant signal from the processor, indicating that the interrupt request has been received, block 3 removes the interrupt request. All devices connected to the information bus can work only with the processor. The microprocessor 5 performs all the logical and arithmetic operations inside the control device, the work according to the program contained in memory block 6. The memory unit 6 is a random access memory and permanent memory with a single content addressing system. Permanent storage device stores information processing programs that allow realizing posture metering of energy consumption, calculating the combined electrical load, determining half-hour loads, predicting electrical consumers, etc. The random access memory stores constants characterizing the power supply scheme of the consumer, the nature of the technological process , as well as the results of processing the received primary information. The remote control unit 7 is designed to call up one or another calculation register for indication, as well as to enter the variable part of the program of operation of the control device, for example, to change settings, boundaries, day zones, etc. Constant input unit 8 is designed to enter values that characterize the consumer's power supply scheme, the nature of the technological process, the settings for controlling power consumption, setting the program for processing information received from each sensor. Timer 9 generates time stamps on its code, organizing a real-time operating system through the interrupt system of microprocessor 5, and timer 9 can be programmed by microprocessor 5 to read a predetermined time interval; In addition, the timer delivers to trunk 4 the current time in a predetermined code if required by the microprocessor 5 or registration unit 10. The registration unit 10 is a displayed-documenting device (ee device, for example, an electric typewriter with interface device. The full-duplex type communication unit 12) organizes a low-speed service channel directed from the central energy control device to the local control devices, and also creates a medium speed information channel directed from the local monitoring device to the central monitoring device.Further, the communication device synchronizes by hours with the help of the service channel carrier Power supply to the timers 9 all local control devices, thus organizing a single time in the control system. The service and information channels in the control system are electrically separated, for example, by frequency, which allows the same two-wire connection 13 to be used for both channels. 14, the synchronization allocates the carrier frequency of the service channel and synchronizes with it the local controlled autogenerato 56. The synchronization unit includes (FIG. 2) the sequencer1) But the connected band-pass filter 18, F: HWG1 detector 19, the low-pass filter 20, the local controlled oscillator 21, the exhaust of which is connected to the second input of the phase detector and simultaneously is the output of the synchronization unit. The band-pass filter 18 is tuned to the carrier frequency of the service channel and allocates it, but the implementation of sufficient narrow bandwidth is difficult in practice, so after the filter 18 the phase-locked loop of the local controlled auto-oscillator 21 formed by the ring-connected phase detector 19, the lower 20 filter frequency and local oscillator 21. The phase detector 19 at its output generates a voltage proportional to the phase difference between the frequency of the service channel coming from the output of the filter 18 and the frequency of the local oscillator, which is controlled in frequency by the filter 20 so that the phase difference stops changing in time and its frequency becomes exactly equal to the carrier frequency of the service channel. Thus, the synchronization unit is a known closed loop phase synchronization circuit. The time setting unit 16 and the automatic switch 17 are contained only in the central control unit 15. The time adjuster 16 is a single time signal receiver that selects the reference frequency and time stamps from the time service signals. The automatic switch skips the time stamps either from the time setter 16 or if there is no timestamp mark from the timer generator 9. f The automatic switch 17 loops (Fig. 3) from buffer 22, charge accumulator 23, trigger 24 and the switch 25 itself. Its inputs receive a series of pulses that may overlap. An input sequence via buffer 22 charges the drive 23 to the level of a logical unit. Since the drive 23 is connected to the setup input of the trigger, it has a priority to hold the trigger in one state regardless of the signals at the C input of the trigger. Let at time ti (Fig. 4, the time diagram of the pad of the automatic switch) on. the input stops being pulsed. Since the drive 23 always has a self-reset, after some time the state of the trigger will become unstable and it will go to zero pulses at input 8, writing to the trigger the logic level of the D input, i.e. zero. Commutator 25 instead of the sequence from port C1 in this case, the output will skip the sequence from the input O. This state is maintained until a pulse sequence occurs at the input at the time of i.2, charging through drive 22 a drive 23, which restores normal operation. The device works as follows. In all devices, the primary information input unit, upon detecting a sensor actuation, exposes a request to interrupt the operation of the processor and an interrupt vector to the trunk. The vector of the activated sensor is used as the vector. The microprocessor 5 serves this interrupt for a time which is obviously less than the time after which the foot address can be received at the interrupt from the input device 3. Since gaps in information from the sensors are unacceptable, the microprocessor interrupts the level (degree) of input unit 3 is the highest. According to the interrupt vector, unit 5 calls the processing subroutine of this sensor stored in block 6 and performs the necessary operations on the data related to the sensor being polled. During the service of the sensor request, microprocessor 5 uses data from the time of this event from TaiiMcpa 9, via trunk 4. Microprocessor 5 calculates all the secondary parameters of information flows from the sensors and controls the level of energy consumption, if the prediction of the latter exceeds the acceptable limit, then microprocessor 5 4 commands the load control unit 11 to disconnect the least priority load group, which the processor is notified of on the readiness line of the load control unit. The central control unit periodically, via the communication channel 12, over the service channel requests information from any of the local devices with output or power consumption by groups of compatible sensors. Upon receiving a request, the communication unit 12 of the selected local device G control outputs its microprocessor 5 to an interrupt, which gives the communication unit 12 to select the energy increment in the sensor groups for the measuring interval or the total information about the contents of the technical accounting register depending on the type of the transmitted request. Communication unit 12 memorizes the received data, converts it into message format, and outputs it via communication line 13. The microprocessor 5 uses both the information received via line 13 and the information obtained as a result of processing the sensors 2. Central device 15 according to the results of processing the received information can specify one or another mode for controlling the electrical load of any local energy control device connected to it. The proposed device is as compared with the known one (1) has the property of extensibility, i.e. it allows, if necessary, to reach a large circle of consumers with minimal cable costs; decentralizing the information of the control of playlists allows using the prototype compared to the prototype the central point of its processing, but also the immediate proximity to energy-intensive processes, the reliability of storing information on energy consumption increases, since, unlike the prototype dpln1e Energy is stored not only in the central processing unit, but also in the local device; the device allows energy to be consumed (;) to effectively monitor and control power consumption when restrictions are imposed in emergency situations. The economic effect of introducing the invention is due to improved metering accuracy by introducing

single time; expanding operational control over energy consumption by decentralizing processing devices; load power reduction

the peak of the power system is at the expense of one- 5 state vehicles.

control and control of power consumption; the possibility of maintaining telemetry control over the power consumption mode from the side of energy x5

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Claims (1)

SYSTEM OF AUTOMATIC CONTROL OF ELECTRIC LOAD OF THE ENTERPRISE, consisting of energy control devices, each of which contains electric meters and state of technological processes, the outputs of which are connected to the input unit of the primary information, the output of which is connected to the internal information highway, and the microprocessor, memory unit combined by it the remote control and timer, the load control unit, as well as the registration unit, the inputs of which are connected to the internal information highway, and the inputs are interrupted The microprocessor is connected respectively to the interrupt request outputs from the registration blocks, input primary information, the console and the load control unit, and the microprocessor interrupt provision output is connected to the interrupt acknowledgment inputs of the same blocks and the remote control, characterized in that, in order to increase efficiency and accuracy in the enterprise’s electrical load management, a communication unit connected to an internal information highway is introduced into each energy control device, and the interrupt request output each of the communication units, which are combined by an additionally introduced common two-wire line, is connected to the first additional interrupt line of the microprocessor, and the additional input of the interrupt supply is connected to the output of the interrupt acknowledgment of the communication unit, the enable output of the console is connected to the enable input of the load control unit, of energy control devices, which performs the functions of a central device, an additional time signal transmitter and a switch are introduced, the inputs of which are connected s with the output of the timer and the output of the labels of the time signal setter, the other output of which is connected to the clock input of the timer and the communication unit, and the output of the switch is connected to the second additional interrupt line of the microprocessor, and synchronization blocks connecting the other energy monitoring devices that perform the functions of local devices clock inputs of timers with frequency outputs of communication units. £ TS_ _SH1 1112345