SU1106798A1 - Process for producing slits on glass backing - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for producing bricks on a glass substrate by bringing it into contact with the dye and then irradiating it with a laser beam, characterized in that, in order to increase the accuracy and strength of the strokes and simplify the process, the substrate is brought into contact with the powder dye and the irradiation with a laser beam is the side opposite to the dye contact. l

Description

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6 The invention relates to instrument making and can be used for applying scratches on glass when preparing strokes both on the scales of high-precision instruments and, due to the simplicity of the method, of instruments of wide application. In modern instrumentation for applying grid strokes to glass, the following methods are known: cutting with a diamond cutter, etching, photographing C OO However, cutting with a diamond cutter on a dividing machine is laborious and complicated processes, using this method, mainly diffraction gratings, while subtle strokes strictly parallel to each other. The main drawbacks of the method are the difficulty of sharpening a diamond cutter and the high demands on the accuracy of the cutter’s movement. to the depth of the cut groove. Due to these disadvantages, the method is rarely used. The etching method is one of the most common. Mesh blanks are coated with a thin layer of special wax. A coating of acid-resistant asphalt varnish is also used. The mandrel with the part is mounted on the corresponding dividing machine and the image is cut by the cutter on the wax coating. Then, etching in pairs of 65-70% hydrofluoric acid is carried out in the chamber. Strokes or numbers cut on the wax are etched onto the glass. Grids of large dimensions are dipped in acid. After removal of the coatings (wax), the grids of the grid are filled with an appropriate paint. The disadvantage of the etching method is the large thickness of the stroke. This is due to two reasons. Firstly, when the thickness of the bar is small, greater precision is required for the cutter to remove a layer of wax relative to the surface. And, secondly, during etching, the areas extending beyond the slit zone under the coating, which can be of the same order as the stroke width, are etched. A large marriage during trawling occurs at a stroke thickness of 0.1 mm. The disadvantages of this method also include the fragility of painting the stroke. In the photographic method, the scale configuration on a large scale is drawn on a sheet of drawing paper. A scale image (negative) is taken from the drawing, which is then printed. on the surface of the glass, covered with a special emulsion. In another process, printing is performed with additional chemical and heat treatment (positive photo etching). The drawing is not only fixed on the glass, but is also etched on it. The disadvantage of the photographic method is the complexity and large number of operations of the technological process, as well as the fragility of the resulting image. The known method of dimensional processing of materials by laser radiation. This method is suitable for drilling holes and obtaining patterns in materials that are opaque to radiation. One of the types of such processing is figurna processing. A laser beam through a mask is projected onto the workpiece surface at the desired scale to obtain a figure of the image that repeats the shape of the mask. The laser beam is fixed on the treated surface, the part material is melted and evaporated from. zones of Figure 2. However, this method is impossible to obtain an image on transparent materials. The closest to the proposed technical essence and the achieved result is a method of obtaining strokes on a glass substrate by applying a light-absorbing coating on its surface and irradiating it through a mask with a laser beam. The part of the coating illuminated by the laser beam is evaporated and a stroke is obtained on the substrate. The remainder of the coating is manually removed with the acid fSj. However, the accuracy and strength of strokes is rather inherent in the known method due to insufficiently complete removal of the coating and insufficiently clear, blurred boundaries of strokes. The purpose of the invention is to increase the accuracy and strength of strokes and simplify the process. The goal is achieved by the fact that according to the method of obtaining strokes on a glass substrate by bringing it into contact with a dye and subsequent irradiation with a laser beam, the substrate is brought into contact with a powder dye, and the irradiation 1 with a laser beam is conducted from the side opposite to the contact with the dye , As a result of absorption of laser radiation by the powder, it is intensely heated and heat is transferred to the workpiece. The detail in the focusing region is melted, and powder is introduced into the melt zone from the pressing force. Due to the incorporation of powder into the melt, a region is obtained, the value of which depends on the parameters of the laser radiation flux. By moving the laser beam on the surface of the workpiece, a visible zone of powder injection is obtained. FIG. 1 shows a pattern of drawing strokes on the surface of a transparent flat part; in fig. 2 - machined part. The method is implemented in the following way. The "b" surface (Fig. 1) of the transparent part 1 presses the radiation-absorbing powder 2 to the treated surface. The laser beam 3 is focused on the inner side of the workpiece (point C). The laser radiation, when passed through the body of the part, is absorbed by the powder, heated, the powder is melted through the material and is injected (imparted) into the molten area of the stroke by pressing, and the excess powder is freely removed by blowing. Example. Conducted strokes on the scale of parts of glass K8 (figure 2). For processing, the part was fixed in a special clamp. A carbon powder 3 was pressed to the surface to be treated with the help of a piston 2. A Kant 9M laser setup was used as the radiation source. The installation gives them 84 pulsed radiation / 1.06 microns. pulse duration t, 5 ISS in the free generation mode. The laser beam was focused on the border of the treated part with the powder. The introduction of powder occurred in the zone of action of the radiation pulse during the melting of the material of the part. In order to obtain a continuous stroke, the laser beam was moved along the surface in such a way that the processing zones of the individual pulses overlapped. As a result, strokes with a thickness of 005 mm were obtained. The proposed method in comparison with the known provides improved accuracy (purity) and strength of strokes. - The strength of the scale of the proposed method is equal to the strength of the optical material itself. The durability of the bar and the cleanliness of the floor of the optical material is out of scale (in the well-known method it depends on the choice of light-absorbing material, since it requires the layers to completely evaporate from the optical surface and at small thicknesses it will become more transparent and not evaporate all), make the proposed method more effective than with the famous. In addition, the proposed method does not require the operation of applying a light-absorbing coating, which must have sufficient strength to operate the optical material with a scale applied to it, and does not require a special selection of the light-absorbing material to which strict requirements are imposed: low evaporation temperature and strong light absorption to obtain a contrasting stroke.

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Claims (1)

METHOD FOR PRODUCING BARS ON A GLASS SUBSTRATE by bringing it into contact with a dye and then irradiating with a laser beam, characterized in that, in order to increase the accuracy and strength of the strokes and simplify the process, the substrate is brought into contact with a powder dye, and the laser beam is irradiated from the side opposite in contact with the dye. lasers in mechanical engineering and instrument making. L., Engineering, 1978, 1 . .1106798