SU1101633A2 - Vortex tube - Google Patents

Abstract

1. VORTEX PIPE by author. St. No. 992948, characterized in that, in order to increase the adiabatic efficiency, the pipe contains a second annular gas collector, similar to the first one and located on the opposite side of the energy separation chamber, with the collectors communicating with outlet channels on circles circumscribed by different radii , the end of the smaller of which is located on the axis of the corresponding channel. 2. A pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that the energy separation chamber from the hot end has an axial inlet connected to gas collectors, and to the first one through a refrigerator. (L Od oo with

Description

The invention relates to refrigeration engineering, namely, to vortex tubes and can be used to cool various objects.

Vortex tubes are known that contain an energy separation chamber consisting of discs mounted closely and having a central opening in each and a hole of smaller diameter adjoining it with a slot, located along the periphery of the central opening. The peripheral holes of the adjacent disks are offset from each other by 60 °. All these holes are sources of pressure pulsations, which intensify the radial heat and mass transfer in the displacement chamber formed by the central holes of the disks 1.

However, such pipes have not sufficiently high adiabatic efficiency, since the hottest gas layers rotating in the peripheral openings of the energy separation chamber do not have free exit through the throttle valve, which leads to undesirable heat transfer from the peripheral gas layers to the cold axial layers energy separation chambers, as well as temperature equalization along the radius of the peripheral channels.

According to the main author. St. No. 992948 also known is a vortex tube containing an energy separation chamber, a nozzle inlet, a diaphragm with a throttle valve, in the wall of which cylindrical holes are made, communicated with the cavity of the energy separation chamber and located evenly along its perimeter along the entire length with the formation of longitudinal outlet channels; the chamber at the exit is equipped with an annular gas collector in communication with all outlet channels and having an autonomous adjustable choke 2.

It is known that in cylindrical channels in which gas rotational motion is created, the gas temperature on the axis is lower than at the periphery. However, if at least one end of such a channel is filled, the gas temperature is equalized along the channel radius, which reduces the level of temperatures reached at the periphery of the channel. These processes take place in the outflow channels of a known vortex tube, since the gas in them is rotated by transferring the moment of momentum from the gas rotating in the energy separation chamber.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the adiabatic efficiency.

The goal is achieved by the fact that the vortex tube contains a second annular gas collector, similar to the first one and located on the opposite side of the energy separation chamber, the collections communicating with outlet channels on circles circumscribed by different radii, the end of the smallest of which is located on the axis of the corresponding channel In this case, the energy separation chamber on the hot end side has an axial inlet connected to the gas collectors, and to the first of them - through a refrigerator.

FIG. 1 schematically shows a vortex tube, a longitudinal section; in fig. 2 -

 section A-A of FIG. one.

The vortex tube includes a housing 1, a nozzle tangential inlet 2 for supplying compressed air, a diaphragm 3 for directing the cooled gas, a choke 4, a collector 5

5 of heated gas with a throttle valve 6, an energy separation chamber 7 connected to peripheral cylindrical discharge channels 8 by means of longitudinal slits 9.

The axes of channels 8 are parallel to the generatrix

0, the energy separation chambers 7 and are aligned with the apertures 10 formed in the wall of the annular collector 11 having a throttle valve 12. To the energy separation chamber 7, an annular collector 13 of hot flow after the throttles 14, having a throttle valve 15, is attached to the energy separating chamber 7 opposite to the side. The collector 11 can be connected via a pipe 16 with a valve 17 to an energy separation chamber 7 from its hot end.

0 through the axial inlet 18. Collector 13 can also be connected to inlet 18 through refrigerator 19 and pipe 20 with valve 21. Thus, collector II communicates with chamber 7 at a smaller radius than collector 13.

5 Vortex tube works as follows.

The gas flow, resulting from the tangential entry 2, does not require a rotational movement in the energy separation chamber 7. The cooled paraxial gas layers are led through the diaphragm 3 to the consumer. The peripheral, most heated gas layers move through choke 4 to collector 5 and are released to the atmosphere through choke valve.

5, a valve 6. A portion of the heated peripheral gas passes through the slots 9 into the peripheral cylindrical channels 8, where rotational motion is also established. In channels 8, a secondary vortex occurs

An effect that results in gas escaping to the collector 11, which is less heated than the feeds to the channels 8. The gas from the collector 11 can be fed through the throttle valve 12 to the cooling facility or released to the atmosphere. This gas can also be supplied to the chamber 7 of energy separation through its axial inlet 18 through pipe 16, and its flow is regulated by valve 17. From collection 13, gas

can be discharged into the atmosphere through the throttle valve 15.

Since the peripheral gas layers in the channels 8 have a higher temperature than the hot gas in collector 5 due to the vortex effect that they contain, this increases the cooling efficiency of the 19 most heated structural elements of the energy separation chamber 7 with an external liquid cooler, the pipeline and the collector 13. The gas, cooled in the refrigerator 19, coming out of the collector 13, is supplied to the chamber 7 of the energy separation through its axial inlet 18 through the pipeline 20, and its flow is regulated by veins Ilem 21.

Compared with the basic invention, this vortex tube will further increase the temperature of the gas heated into the peripheral channels by 10-20 ° C as a result of the vortex effect flowing through them, which in turn will increase the cooling efficiency of the structure with an external cooler and increase the adiabatic efficiency by 3-4. %

FIG. 2

Claims (2)

1. VORTEX PIPE by ed. St. No. 992948, characterized in that, in order to increase the adiabatic efficiency, the pipe contains a second annular gas collector, similar to the first and located on the opposite side of the energy separation chamber, the collectors communicating with the outlet channels on circles described by different radii, the end of the smaller of which is located on the axis of the corresponding channel. 2. The pipe in π. 1, characterized in that the energy separation chamber on the hot end side has an axial input connected to the gas collectors, and to the first one through a refrigerator. SU., „1101633