SU1094020A1 - Device for checking cmos inverter transmission characteristics - Google Patents

Abstract

A DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING THE TRANSMITTING CHARACTERISTICS OF A CMOS INVERTER, containing a power source, a linearly varying voltage shaping unit, means for connecting the monitored object and an indication unit, in order to increase the resolution, reliability and accuracy of the transfer characteristic of an inverter CMOS, also with the aim of automating the process of control, the driver of the reference voltages, keys, repeater, differentiator, level detector, measuring unit, a control unit, the input of the voltage driver is connected to the first output of the pits source, the first output of the linear voltage generator is connected via a switch to the input of the means for connecting the controlled object, the other input of which is connected to the second output of the power supply through a second switch, and the output of the means for connecting the monitored object through a series-connected repeater and differentiator is connected to the input of a level detector, another input of which is connected to the output the reference voltage generator and the output of the level detector are connected to the first input of the measuring unit and the third input of the control unit; the second output of the linearly varying voltage forming unit is connected to the second inputs of the measuring unit and the control unit; the first input of the last (L is connected to the signal terminal The start, the third output of the linearly varying voltage forming unit is connected to the fourth input of the measuring unit, the first output of the control unit is connected to the first input of the forming unit linearly the second input voltage is connected to the second output of the voltage driver, the second output of the control unit is connected to the control inputs of the keys, O the third output to the third input of the measuring unit, the fourth and fifth outputs are connected respectively to the second and third inputs of the display unit, the first input of which is connected to the output of the measuring unit.

Description

The invention relates to the means of control of electronic components of time devices, namely, means to control the transfer characteristics of a CMOS inverter used as an active element of a quartz crystal wristwatch generator and can be used in the watch industry.

The closest to the present invention is a device for determining the transfer characteristic of logic circuits, comprising a source of linearly varying voltage, a source of bias, means for connecting a monitored object, an oscilloscope, to the input X of which and a linearly varying voltage is supplied to the input of the monitored object and The required bias voltage, and the output of the monitored object is connected to the Y input of the oscilloscope, on the screen of which, in this case, the voltage dependence at the output of the inverter in fu is obtained information from time, which for the case under consideration, displays the output voltage dependence on the voltage nl, the input, i.e. transfer characteristic 11.

The disadvantages of the known device are low resolution and, as a consequence, the reliability of the control and measurement accuracy of the flat jniacTKa duration in the active region of the transfer characteristic arising in the process of manufacturing a clock integrated circuit, which includes an inverter, is low. about

In addition, the known device does not allow to automate the process of control.

The aim of the invention is to increase the resolution, accuracy and accuracy of monitoring the duration of the flat area on the transfer characteristic of the CMOS inverter, as well as the ability to automate the monitoring process.

 The goal is achieved by the fact that the device for controlling the voltage transmission axis, the means for connecting the monitored object and the display unit, the shaper of the voltage source, keys, repeater, differentiator, level detector , the measuring unit, the control unit, the input of the voltage driver, is connected to the first output of the power source, the first output of the linearly varying forming unit The key is connected to the input of the means for connecting the monitored object, the other input of which is connected via the second switch to the second output of the power source, and the output of the means for connecting the monitored object through the serially connected repeater and differentiator is connected to the input of the level detector, another input of which is connected to the output of the reference voltage driver, and the output of the level detector is connected to the first input of the measured voltage. the second output of the linearly varying voltage generating unit is connected to the second inputs of the measuring unit and the control unit, the first input of the last is connected to the Start signal terminal, the third output of the linearly varying voltage shaping unit is connected to the fourth input of the measuring unit, the first output of the control unit is connected to the first input of the forming unit of a linearly varying voltage, the second input of which is connected to the second output of the reference voltage generator The second output of the control unit is connected to the control inputs of the keys, the third output is connected to the third input of the measuring unit, the fourth and fifth outputs are connected respectively to the second and third inputs of the display unit, the first input of which is connected to the output of the measuring unit.

Figure 1 shows the structural diagram of the proposed device; figure 2 shows timing diagrams explaining the operation of the device.

The device contains a power source 1, a unit for forming reference voltages, a unit for forming a linearly varying voltage, keys 4 and 5, means for connecting the monitored object 6, a repeater 7, a differentiator 8, a level detector 9, a measuring unit

10, the control unit 11, the display unit 12, the first output 18 of the linearly varying voltage generating unit 18 is connected via a switch 5 to an input of a means for connecting a controlled object 6, the output of which is connected to the first input of a level detector 9 via the repeater 7, the second input of which is connected to the first output of the unit 2 for the formation of reference voltages, while the second output of the latter is connected to the second input 17 of the unit 3 for forming linearly measuring. voltage, the first input 16 of which is connected to the first output 41 of the control unit 11. The second output 19 of the linearly varying voltage shaping unit is connected to the second input 33 of the control unit 11 and the second input 22 of the measuring unit 10, and the third output 20 to the fourth input 24 of the measuring unit 10, the third input of which 23 is connected to the third output 43 of the control unit 11 and the first input 21 - with the output of the level 9 detector and the third input 34 of the control unit 11, the first input 32 of which is connected to the Start signal terminal, and the second output 42 - to the control inputs of keys 4 and 5, the fourth 44 and five 45 outputs - respectively with the second 47 and third 48 inputs of the display unit 12, the first input 46 of which is connected to the output 31 of the measuring unit 10, the first output of the power supply source 1 is connected to the input of the reference voltage generation unit 2, and the second output through the switch 4 to the input of one of the power poles of the connection means controlled object 6, the input of the second power pole of which is connected to the common bus device.

The linearly varying voltage shaping unit 3 comprises a crystal oscillator 13, a counter 14 and an integrator 15, the output of the crystal oscillator 13 is connected to the counting input of the counter 14, and the third output 20 of the block, the input R of the counter 14 is connected to the first input 16 of the block, the unit output the high bit of the counter 14 is connected to the second output of the block 19, the inverse output of the high bit

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the counter 14 is connected to the first input of the integrator 15, the second input of which is connected to the second input 17 of the block, and the output of the integrator 15 is connected to

5 first exit 18 block.

Measuring unit 10 contains an inverter 25, triggers 26 and 27, element 28, counter 29, code comparison circuit 30, the input of the inverter 25 connected to the first input 21 of the unit, and the output of inverter 25 to the input t of the trigger 26 -28, the other input of which is connected to a single output of trigger 26, and input C of trigger 27, and the third input to fourth input 24 of the block, while the second input 22 of the block is connected to inputs and E of trigger 26 and input k of trigger 20, 27, the unit output of which is connected to the input of the comparison circuit 30, the third input 23 of the coupling unit with the inputs R triggers 26 and 27 and counter 29, the input D of which is connected to the output of the element 28, and the outputs of counter 29 are connected to the first group of inputs of the code comparison circuit 30, the second group of inputs of which is impulse corresponding to the maximum allowable duration of the flat section of the transmission features / - oft.

The control block 11 contains triggers 35-37, elements OR 38 and 40 and

3 signal form generator 39

 installation, the output of which is connected to the first inputs of the elements OR 28 and 40, while the first input 32 of the block. connected to input 5 of trigger 35

40 and the second input of the OR element 38, the output of which is connected to the inputs of the flip-flops 36 and 37 and the third output 43 of the unit, the inverse output of the flip-flop 35 is connected to the first output 41 of the block, and the single output of the flip-flop 35 is connected to the input B of the flip-flop Z and the second output 42 the unit, a single output of the trigger 36 is connected to the second input of the element OR 40 and the 50th output of the block 45, the second input

33blok connected to the input of the trigger 36 and the input D of the trigger 37, a single output of which is connected to the fourth output 44 of the block, the output

52 of the element OR 40 is connected to the input R of the trigger 35, and the input of the trigger 37 is connected to the third input

34 block.

The display unit 12 contains elements And 49 and 30 and indicators 51-53, with the first input 46 of the block connected to the indicator 51 and the inverting input of the element And 49, whose second input is connected to the inverting input of the element And 50 and the second input 47 of the block, the third input 48 block is connected to the second input element And 50 and the third input element And 49, the output of which is connected to the indicator 52, and the output of the element And 50 is connected to the indicator 53.

When the power is turned on, the shaper 39 of the initial setup signal in the control unit 11 generates a pulse at its output, which through the elements OR 38 and 40 enters the input R of the flip-flops 35-37 and the third output 43 of the control unit 11, from where it enters the third input 23 of the measuring unit 10, and therefore, to the inputs R of the flip-flops 26 and 27 and the counter 29, is set: the triggers 35, 36, 37, 26, 27 and the counter 29 to the zero position. The high level from the inverse trigger output, 35 is fed to the first output 41 of the control unit, and from there to the first input 16 of the linearly varying voltage generating unit 3, and, therefore, to the input R of the counter 14, keeping it in the zero state . The level of the unit from the inverse output of the high bit of the counter 14 is fed to the first input of the integrator 15, made, for example, on the basis of an operational amplifier. At the output of the integrator 15, when the first input of its input has a level of single b using the reference voltage supplied to its second input from the second input 17 of the former 3, the linearly varying voltage and, secondly, from the second output of the forming unit 2 the reference voltage is set to a voltage equal to E, where E is the supply voltage of the monitored object, equal in this case to minus 1.4-1.6 V, and is fed to the first output 18 of the unit for forming a linearly varying voltage and therefore, to the input of key 5, which also as well as to yuch 4 is in a non-conductive state, since their control inputs receive a level zero from a single output of the trigger 35 through the second output 42 of the control unit 11. The supply voltage and the input signal to the means for connecting the monitored object 6 are not supplied . At the output of repeater 7, in this case a potential of zero is established. The potential zero is also set at the output of the differentiator 8, which in turn causes the appearance of a level zero at the detection output. At the output of the measuring unit 10 in the initial state there is a level zero, which, if there are zero levels at the single output of the flip-flops 36 and 37, and consequently, at the fifth 45 and fourth 44 outputs of the control unit 11, leads to the indicators 51-53 the display unit 12, in which quality, for example, LEDs or incandescent lamps can be used, is in the off state, i.e. not light ts.

The operation of the device for controlling the transfer characteristics of the CMOS inverter begins when the Start command is received, which is supplied after connecting the CMOS controlled inverter (clock chip) and means for connecting the monitored object 6, for which either the contact device is used, if the controlled object is a microchip standard package,. or a system of probes, if the object to be monitored is an unpackaged chip. With this, the leading edge of the Start command (Fig. 2a) arriving at the first input 32 of the control blocks 11, the trigger 35 is set to the state of one, and at the same time the Start pulse arrives

I through the element OR 38 to the inputs R of the flip-flops 36 and 37, and through the output 43 of the control unit 11 to the third input of the measuring unit 10, and, consequently, to the outputs R of the flip-flops 26 and 27 and the counter 29 confirming their zero status. The zero level from the inverse output of the trigger 35 is fed to the first output 41 of the control unit 11 and through the first input, 16 of the unit 3 forming a linear

Varying voltage - to the input R of the counter 14, allowing it to count the pulses arriving at the input C from the output of the crystal oscillator 13; At the same time, the single output level of the trigger 35 enters the input D of the trigger 36, allowing it to write to the unit, and to the second output 42 of the control unit 11, therefore, to the control inputs of the keys 4 and 5 (for example, MOS transistors with control circuits can be used), putting them into a conducting state. Thus, power is supplied to the object under control from the second output of power supply 1 and the input signal from the first output 18, block 3 of forming a linearly varying signal (fig.2d), which at this moment is equal to minus E. The presence of a potential at the input of a controlled object minus E results in the appearance at its output, and, consequently, the output of the means for connecting it to zero potential (Fig. 2a). Since the second output 19 of the unit 3 of forming a linearly varying voltage at this moment has a zero level, coming to it from the unit output of the first discharge of counter 14, and, therefore, through the second input 22 of the measuring unit 10 to the inputs D and To trigger 26 and input D of trigger 27, and through input 33 to input D of trigger 37 and input C of trigger 36 in control block 11, the possible appearance of an interference signal at the output of differentiator 8 and level detector 9 when keys 4 and 5 does not cause triggers to trigger. tion unit 10 and control unit 11. After the unit 14 is recorded in the highest bit of the counter 14 (2 in the inverse output), a linearly varying from minus E to zero voltage will begin to form at the output of the integrator 15 (Fig. 2d) The voltage at the output of the monitored the inverter and, therefore, at the output of the repeater 7 in this case automatically corresponds to its transfer characteristic (Fig. 2e). In order that the flat characteristic can be detected on the transfer characteristic, the length of the working stroke is linearly varying voltage, t ae m changing it from minus E to zero, is chosen large enough, for example, within 0.5-1 s. In the case of a flat section inverter on the CMOS transfer characteristic (Fig. 2e), the output signal of the differentiator 8 has the form shown in ne fig .2g. The output pulse of the differentiator has a flat top corresponding to the linear sections of the transfer characteristic, a drawdown almost to zero at the point where the flat section is formed (since U ,, Const, then VX., V. Both sloping leading and trailing edges, caused by the deviation of the transfer characteristic from the linear law of variation and differentiation error of differentiator 8. The signal from the output of differentiator 8 is fed to the input of a level detector 9, which can be made on the basis of a comparator, the threshold of which Up is set by the reference voltage coming from the first output of the unit of formation of the reference voltages. The output signal of the level detector 9 in the form of two rectangular pulses (Fig. 2i), the pause between which corresponds to the duration of the flat section, enters the measuring unit 10 through the first input 21, where it is pre-inverted by the inverter 25, and then comes from its output (Fig. 2k) to the input C of the trigger 26 and the second input of the And 28 element, the first input of which is connected to the output of the trigger 26 and the input C of the trigger 27, and the third input is connected to the output of the quartz oscillator 13 through the third output 20 of the linearly variable voltage shaping unit even the vertical input of the measuring unit 10. Trigger 26 triggers from one to zero at the output of the inverter 25, and the potential of the unit arrives at the first input of the And 8 element from the output of the trigger 26. Upon receipt from the output of the inverter .25 pbts of the unit corresponding to the duration of the flat area, at the output of the element And 28 (fign). a pulse of duration t is formed, filled with quartz oscillator pulses 13. The output signal of And 28 is a batch of pulses that are counted with counter 29. By the difference from one to zero at the output of level detector 9 (Fig. 2i), trigger 37 is triggered in the block 11 controls In this case, from a single output of the trigger 37 through the fourth output 44 of the control unit to the second input of the display device 12 and, consequently, the second input of the element 49 and the second inverting input of the element 50 receive the level one, opening the first and closing the second. The second differential from one to zero at the output of inverter 25 triggers 26 and returns to its original position, closing element 28 and simultaneously from one to zero at single output of trigger 26, the unit will be written to trigger 27, the unit level from which single output goes to the input of the code comparison circuit 30 and polls the result of the comparison of the contents of the counter 29, the inputs of which are connected to the first group of inputs of the code comparison circuit 30, the second maximum input of which contains the code of the maximum permissible time flat section. If the number recorded in the counter 29 exceeds the number set at the inputs of the code comparison circuit 30, then at the output of the code comparison circuit 30, the potential of the unit (Fig. 2n, solid line) is fed through the output 31 of the measuring unit 10 to the first input 46 of the unit 12 indication-, causes the indicator 51 to light up. If the number recorded in the counter 29 turns out to be less, then the output of the code comparison circuit 30 will have a potential of zero (Fig. 2p, dashed line) and the indicator 51 will not work. In this case, the result of the control will be displayed after the counter is overflowed 14 block 3 forming a linearly varying voltage. At the same time, by the difference from one to zero at the unit output of the higher bit of the counter 14, trigger 63 will be triggered in the control unit, which in turn will cause the unit potential from the unit output of trigger 36 to arrive at input R of trigger 35 returning it to the initial state (fig. 2b) and simultaneously through the fifth output 45 of the control unit and the third input 48 of the display unit 12 to the third input of the element 49 and the second input of the element 50, opening the elements 49 and 50 as indicated entrances. In this case, at the output of the element And 49, the potential of the unit will be formed (FIG. 2 p, dashed line), which will lead to the ignition of the Goden indicator 52. Since the trigger 35 has returned to its original state, the level of the unit from its inverse output, which is fed to the input R of the counter 14, will keep the latter in the initial state. The zero level from the unit output of the trigger 35, coming through the second output 42 of the control unit to the control inputs of keys 4 and 5, is set to non-conducting state by disconnecting the monitored object from the power supply 1 and the first output 18 of the linearly varying voltage generation unit. The signal at the output of repeater 7 in this case will drop to zero (fig.2e). Thus, the control of the CMOS inverter is over. When re-entering the Start Commands on the leading edge, the triggers 36 (fig.2g), 37 (fig.26) 26 and 27 (fig.2l, m) and the counter 29 are reset. At the same time, the unit is written to the trigger 35. Subsequently, the work cycle device repeats. If for any reason, for example, a monitored object fails at the output, there is no signal at the output of repeater 7, then a level 9 detector will not trigger, and, therefore, trigger 37 will not happen, and after trigger 36, the trigger 36 which will occur by the difference from one to zero at the unit output of counter 14, the indicator 53 will be illuminated. Marriage I, indicating a malfunction of the object being monitored, since permitting potentials will be supplied to the inputs of the And 50 element ly with the trigger output unit 36 and 37, resulting in the appearance of the unit at its output capacity.

If the object being monitored does not have a flat section on the transfer characteristic, then the signal at the output of the differentiator will not have the section U.,.-XO, but the trace ...

As a matter of fact, a single pulse will be formed at the output of the level 9 detector. In this case, the trigger 27 will not operate because the trigger 26 will remain in the unit, and therefore the code comparison circuit 30 will not be polled and the output signal of the measuring unit 10 will be equal to the zero level, which will trigger the 52 Goden indicator.

The proposed device can operate both independently and as part of an automated control system. When the device is used offline, the Start command can be given manually, for example, from a button. When using the device as part of an automated control system, the output signals are taken from the outputs of the elements And 49 and 50 and the output of the measuring unit 10.

The basic voltage block in its simplest form is an adjustable resistive divider, which is powered from a single reference-voltage source, for example, a stabilizer, which in turn is supplied from the power source 1. The differentiator can be made on the basis of an operational amplifier. The initial setup signal feed can be performed either on the basis of a button, or on the basis of a level detector, whose input is connected to an integrating circuit, or a combination of these means can be used.

The use of the proposed device will prevent the installation of microcircuits in the watch, which have an unacceptably large flat area in the active region of the inverter transfer characteristic, causing deterioration of the parameters of the quartz oscillator, and as a consequence, improve the quality of the quartz wristwatch.

Claims (1)

DEVICE FOR MONITORING THE TRANSMISSION CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CMOS INVERTER, containing a power source, a unit for generating a linearly varying voltage, a means for connecting a · monitored object and an indication unit, characterized in that, in order to increase the resolution, reliability and accuracy of control of the transfer characteristic of the CMOS inverter, as well as in order to automate the control process, a reference voltage driver, keys, a repeater, a differentiator, a level detector, a measuring unit, a board, and the input of the driver of the reference voltage is connected to the first output of the power source, the first output of the unit for generating a ramp through the key is connected to the input of the means for connecting the controlled object, the other input of which is connected through the second key to the second output of the power source, and the output of the means for connecting the controlled object through a series-connected repeater and differentiator is connected to the input of the level detector, the other input of which is connected to the output form ator reference voltages, a level detector output is connected to the first input of the measuring unit and the third input of the control unit, the second output of the block forming linearly varying voltage is coupled to the second vhoda- E _with the measuring unit and the block yn © systematic way, a first input terminal connected to the last signal Start, the third output of the ramp unit is connected to the fourth input of the measuring unit, the first output of the control unit is connected to the first input of the ramp unit voltages, the second input of which is connected to the second output of the reference voltage driver, the second output of the control unit is connected to the control inputs of the keys, the third output is connected to the third input of the measuring unit, the fourth and fifth outputs are connected respectively to the second and third inputs of the display unit, the first 'input of which connected to the output of the measuring unit.