SU109364A1 - Torque Sleeper - Google Patents

Description

Dynamometric sleepers are known for determining the dynamic forces exerted on conventional sleepers from rails under train load.

Such sleepers usually consist of the actual sleepers and the electrical dynamometers in the form of elastic elements, placed on it under each rail, the deformations of which are measured by wire resistance strain gauges. One of the drawbacks of the known dynamometric sleepers is that the shape of the actual sleepers does not allow two dynamometers to be placed simultaneously under each rail to measure the horizontal and vertical forces transmitted from the rail to the sleeper. Another disadvantage is that the sleeper itself does not correspond to a normal wooden sleeper in its overall dimensions and rigidity.

The proposed, according to the invention, dynamometric sleeper is free from the indicated disadvantages. The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the sleeper itself is made in the form of a thin-walled trough-shaped metal

profile, responsible for its overall dimensions and stiffness of a normal wooden sleeper.

FIG. 1 shows a cross section of a torque wrench; in fig. 2 - AA-BB cut on the fng. one.

The sleeper itself is made in the form of a metal trough-shaped section of the profile /, laid up with shelves. The sleeper is chosen such a cross-section and dimensions that, in its overall dimensions and rigidity, it corresponds to a normal wooden sleeper. This condition is satisfied, for example, by channel 2 (No. 24) with a length of 2.7 m. Such a channel has the same bed as a normal wooden sleeper. They have approximately the same bending stiffness.

In places under the rails, two segments 2 of the same channel are welded to the channel, with the shelves facing down. The boxes formed are used to place dynamometers: one for measuring vertical pressures, the other for horizontal longitudinal forces perceived by the sleeper.

Vertical Dynamometer

The pressure consists of a spring of 3 rectangular section, made of spring steel. The spring is tightly clamped in its middle part between the thick crossbar 4 and the supporting lower crossbar 5 lying on the bottom plate 6. The spring is supported through the rollers 7 by the upper steel plate 8, which serves as a support for the rail lining 9. The vertical pressure of the rail is transmitted through the lining, the upper plate and rollers on the dynamometer spring. Both ends of the spring bend under the action of vertical pressures, and the resulting spring deformation is used as a measure of the vertical pressure on the sleeper.

The upper plate, lying on the rollers, rests with its end walls on the pins W, which, in turn, abut against horizontal springs / U, reinforced externally on the longitudinal vertical walls of the iron bar 2. The horizontal springs become tensioned and then the upper plate is elastically sandwiched between horizontal springs. The horizontal longitudinal forces perceived by the top plate from the rails are transmitted completely to the horizontal springs. The deformation of the latter serves as a measure of the horizontal longitudinal forces perceived by the rail pin. The resistance of the rollers can be neglected.

On the springs of the dynamometers, wire sensors 12 are glued and

13, which are included in metering circuits comprising a Wheatstone bridge, an amplifier, and an oscilloscope. Using the oscilloscope, the forces are recorded on a photosensitive film. As a result, diagrams are obtained of the vertical and horizontal forces arising between the rail and the shank during the passage of the train. The film also marks the passing wheels of the train, which makes it possible to establish the vertical and horizontal forces under each individual wheel.

Subject invention

Dynamometric dips for determining the dynamic forces acting on ordinary pulleys from rails under train load, consisting of the actual gnits and electrical dynamometers in the form of elastic elements placed on it under each rail in the form of elastic elements, the deformations of which are measured by wire resistance strain gauges, characterized in that, in order to freely place under each rail two dynamometers to simultaneously measure the horizontal and vertical forces transmitted from the rail to the chip, the chip itself is made in the form of thin-walled metal trough-shaped sectional profile corresponding in its dimensions and rigidity of the wood schpale normal.