SU108630A1 - Synchronous electric machine - Google Patents

Description

Permanent magnet synchronous generators do not allow voltage regulation by conventional methods. Therefore, to regulate the output voltage of such generators, it is necessary to use special measures. Known measures include: the implementation of synchronous machines with low synchronous reactivity, the use of capacitive compensation, etc.

For synchronous low-power generators with an output voltage frequency of 400-500 hertz, the method of controlling the output voltage by changing the magnetic flux of a machine with a magnetic shunt, magnetised by a DC winding, is widely used.

In order to reduce the weight and dimensions of such machines, it is proposed to carry out a magnetic shunt in the form of a solid ring, fastened at the end of the magnet and which is magnetised by a face retracting electromagnet.

FIG. 1 and 2 shows a longitudinal section of the proposed machine in two versions.

The voltage regulation in the machine is made by changing the magnetic flux in the air gap, which is achieved by changing the magnitude of the dissipation fluxes of the rotating magnet 1. To do this, a magnetic shunt 2 is applied to the end surface of the magnet /. The magnetization of the shunt 2 is produced by an end-rotating electromagnet having a magnetic core 3 in the form of a ring-shaped cross section and an annular winding 4, which is laid in the cavity of the magnetic core 5 and creates a unipolar magnetic field.

This field, saturating the magnetic shunt 2, changes the magnetic resistance of the end-scatter paths, which leads to a change in the flux in the generator gap. A system of rings 2 and 5 is attached to the magnet / with a non-magnetic sleeve with a nut, forming a single rotating system of the injector. The current in the magnetizing winding is supplied in this case with the help of two small slip-rings.

In those cases when the use of slip rings in the generator is unacceptable for any reason, the magnetic core 3 with the biasing winding 4 is attached to the generator shield 5 and, while rotating the inductor with the magnetic shunt 2, remains stationary (see Fig. 2).

In the latter case, the air gap between the rotating shunt 2 and the fixed magnetic core 3 should be minimal;

The proposed voltage control system for generators with permanent magnets using magnetic shunts can also be used in inverters of the turned type (with external fixed poles), as well as in DC masks (for example, to control the speed of motors). In these cases, there should be practically no air gaps at the junction between the tongue 2 and the magnetic core 3.

To increase the depth of adjustment of the output voltage, rings 5 and 5 with winding 4 can be placed on the two end surfaces of the inductor.

Present Invention

Claims (3)

1. A synchronous electric machine with excitation from a rotating permanent magnet and with magnetic flux control using a magnetic shunt, magnetised by a direct current, characterized in that in order to reduce the weight and dimensions of the machine, the magnetic shunt is designed as a continuous ring fixed at the end of the magnet and magnetized by an end-rotating electromagnet having a magnetic circuit in the form of a ring-shaped section and an annular biasing winding placed in the cavity of this magnetic circuit. 2. The machine change according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to eliminate the sliding contacts from the magnetic winding circuit, the end electromagnet is stationary. 3. The use of magnetic shunt and magnetizing electromagnet on PP. 2 and 1 in direct current electric motors and in synchronous machines of reversed type (with a fixed permanent magnet and with a rotating bar). FIG. one FIG. 2