WO2016209105A1 - Direct current generator with a magnetic shunt - Google Patents

Direct current generator with a magnetic shunt Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016209105A1
WO2016209105A1 PCT/RU2015/000515 RU2015000515W WO2016209105A1 WO 2016209105 A1 WO2016209105 A1 WO 2016209105A1 RU 2015000515 W RU2015000515 W RU 2015000515W WO 2016209105 A1 WO2016209105 A1 WO 2016209105A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
direct current
magnetic
magnetic shunt
armature
generator
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/RU2015/000515
Other languages
French (fr)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Валерий Яковлевич УЛЬЯНОВ
Original Assignee
Валерий Яковлевич УЛЬЯНОВ
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Валерий Яковлевич УЛЬЯНОВ filed Critical Валерий Яковлевич УЛЬЯНОВ
Publication of WO2016209105A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016209105A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
    • H02K21/20—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures having windings each turn of which co-operates only with poles of one polarity, e.g. homopolar machine
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K31/00—Acyclic motors or generators, i.e. DC machines having drum or disc armatures with continuous current collectors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of electrical engineering and can be used in industry and transport.
  • An analogue of the claimed invention is a widely used direct current generator (see General Physics. "Electricity.” S. G. Kalashnikov. Publishing House “Science”. Main Edition of Physics and Mathematics. Moscow 1977. p. 259 , Fig. 200.) in which the armature winding creates a magnetic flux generating current in the stator winding. Changing the magnitude and direction of the magnetic flux leads to the generation of alternating current, which is rectified by the collector - a complex device and subject to rapid wear.
  • the prototype of the claimed invention is a Faraday unipolar generator (see Academician V. F. Mitkevich “Magnetic flux and its transformations.” Publishing House of the USSR Academy of Sciences. Moscow 1946. p. 72, Fig. 6.).
  • the stator generator consists of one turn, with sliding contacts and a copper rotating disk located above an immovable permanent cylindrical magnet serving as an anchor. The current is generated due to a change in the magnetic field strength in the zone contacts. Due to sliding contacts and design features, it is not possible to apply a multi-turn winding to increase voltage.
  • the claimed invention is aimed at eliminating the disadvantages of the above analogue and prototype and will allow to obtain a generator without the use of a collector or sliding contacts, with a multi-turn stator winding
  • the principle of operation of the claimed generator is based on the “law of electromagnetic induction”: the cause of the appearance of the induction current is a change in the magnetic field.
  • the magnetic flux changes in magnitude causing the appearance of an induction current.
  • the direction of the magnetic flux changes, the direction of the induction current changes.
  • a cylindrical magnet serving as an anchor has a uniform magnetic field. The presence of sliding contacts changes the magnetic field and current is generated in the areas of the copper disk passing near the contacts.
  • a stator winding with an iron core is located above the pole of a permanent cylindrical magnet serving as an anchor.
  • the magnetization of the armature magnet is axial.
  • the plane of the poles of the winding is perdicular on the plane of the pole of the magnet.
  • the direction of the turns is radial.
  • the pole of the magnet and the magnet itself will have a cylindrical shape, its field will be uniform, then the rotation of the magnet will not cause the appearance of current. If the uniformity of the magnetic field changes, in the region of the plane of the armature pole, a direct current will be generated in the stator winding.
  • the heterogeneity of the magnetic field can be obtained by applying a “magnetic shunt”.
  • a magnetic shunt is a magnet wire connected in parallel with a magnetic circuit for branching a magnetic flux when it is impossible or undesirable to pass the entire flux through this circuit.
  • Staple-shaped magnetic shunt positioned so that it partially closed the poles of the magnet. At the same time, the shunt must not completely overlap the radius of the pole plane. The best result is obtained when the ends of the bracket are made in the form of an arc lying on the plane of the pole. Thus, a continuously pulsating current is obtained.
  • An anchor shunt may be one or more. The number of ripple currents depends on the number of shunts.
  • figure 1 shows the generator, "side view", with the end shield removed, where: 1 is the housing, 2 is the armature shaft, 3 is the armature magnet, 4 is the magnetic shunt, 5 is the stator winding, 6 is the core of the winding .
  • FIG.2 designated generator armature, "General view”, where: 2-shaft anchors, 3-armature magnet, 4-magnetic shunt.

Abstract

The present direct current generator with a magnetic shunt relates to the field of electrical engineering and can be used in industry and transportation. The generator generates direct current without commutation of windings and without the use of sliding contacts. For this purpose, a magnetic armature, disposed below a multi-turn stator winding, is provided with a magnetic shunt which partially contacts the poles of the magnetic armature.

Description

Генератор постоянного тока с магнитным шунтом.  DC generator with magnetic shunt.
Изобретение относится к области электротехники и может применяться в про- мышленности и на транспорте.  The invention relates to the field of electrical engineering and can be used in industry and transport.
Аналогом заявленного изобретения является, имеющий широкое распростране- ние, генератор постоянного тока (см. Общий курс физики. «Электричество». С. Г. Калашников. Изд. «Наука». Главная редакция физико-математической литературы. Москва 1977. стр. 259, рис.200.) в котором обмотка якоря создаёт магнитный поток генерирующий ток в обмотке статора. Изменение величины и направления магнит- ного потока приводит к генерации переменного тока, который выпрямляется с по- мощью коллектора - устройства сложного и подверженного быстрому износу.  An analogue of the claimed invention is a widely used direct current generator (see General Physics. "Electricity." S. G. Kalashnikov. Publishing House "Science". Main Edition of Physics and Mathematics. Moscow 1977. p. 259 , Fig. 200.) in which the armature winding creates a magnetic flux generating current in the stator winding. Changing the magnitude and direction of the magnetic flux leads to the generation of alternating current, which is rectified by the collector - a complex device and subject to rapid wear.
Прототипом заявленного изобретения является униполярный генератор Фарадея (см. Академик В. Ф. Миткевич «Магнитный поток и его преобразования». Изд. Ака- демии Наук СССР. Москва 1946. стр. 72, рис. 6.). Статор генератор состоит из одно- го витка, со скользящими контактами и медного вращающегося диска расположен- ного над неподвижным постоянным цилиндрическим магнитом служащим якорем. Ток генерируется за счёт изменения напряжённости магнитного поля в зоне щих контактов. Из-за скользящих контактов и конструктивных особенностей невозможно применить многовитковую обмотку, чтобы увеличить напряжение. Заявленное изобретение направлено на устранение недостатков указанных выше аналога и прототипа и позволит получить генератор без применения коллектора или скользящих контактов, с многовитковой обмоткой статора The prototype of the claimed invention is a Faraday unipolar generator (see Academician V. F. Mitkevich “Magnetic flux and its transformations.” Publishing House of the USSR Academy of Sciences. Moscow 1946. p. 72, Fig. 6.). The stator generator consists of one turn, with sliding contacts and a copper rotating disk located above an immovable permanent cylindrical magnet serving as an anchor. The current is generated due to a change in the magnetic field strength in the zone contacts. Due to sliding contacts and design features, it is not possible to apply a multi-turn winding to increase voltage. The claimed invention is aimed at eliminating the disadvantages of the above analogue and prototype and will allow to obtain a generator without the use of a collector or sliding contacts, with a multi-turn stator winding
Принцип действия заявленного генератора основан на «законе электромагнит- ной индукции»: причиной появления индукционного тока является изменение маг- нитного поля. В генераторе-аналоге магнитный поток изменяется по величине вызы вая появление индукционного тока. При изменении направления магнитного потока происходит изменение направления индукционного тока. В генераторе-прототипе нет изменения направления магнитного потока, поэтому ток генерируется постоян- ный. У цилиндрического магнита, служащего якорем, магнитное поле равномерно. Присутствие скользящих контактов изменяет магнитное поле и на участках медного диска, проходящих возле контактов, генерируется ток.  The principle of operation of the claimed generator is based on the “law of electromagnetic induction”: the cause of the appearance of the induction current is a change in the magnetic field. In an analog generator, the magnetic flux changes in magnitude causing the appearance of an induction current. When the direction of the magnetic flux changes, the direction of the induction current changes. In the prototype generator, there is no change in the direction of the magnetic flux; therefore, a constant current is generated. A cylindrical magnet serving as an anchor has a uniform magnetic field. The presence of sliding contacts changes the magnetic field and current is generated in the areas of the copper disk passing near the contacts.
В заявленном генераторе обмотка статора, с железным сердечником, располо- жена над полюсом постоянного цилиндрического магнита служащего якорем.  In the claimed generator, a stator winding with an iron core is located above the pole of a permanent cylindrical magnet serving as an anchor.
Намагниченность магнита якоря осевая. Плоскость полюсов обмотки перндикуляр- на плоскости полюса магнита. Направление витков радиальное. В случае, когда по- люс магнита и сам магнит будет иметь цилиндрическую форму, его поле будет рав- номерно, то вращение магнита не вызовет появление тока. При изменении одно- родности магнитного поля, в районе плоскости полюса якоря, в обмотке статора будет генерироваться постоянный ток. Получить неоднородность магнитного поля можно применнив «магнитный шунт». Известно, что магнитный шунт это магнито провод присоединяемый параллельно магнитной цепи для ответвления магнитного потока, когда невозможно или нежелательно весь поток пропустить через данную цепь. Магнитный шунт в форме скобы, нужно расположить так, чтобы он частично замыкал полюса магнита. При этом, шунт не должен, полностью, пере- крывать радиус плоскости полюса. Наилучший результат получается когда концы скобы выполнены в форме дуги лежащей на плоскости полюса. Таким образом получается постоянно-пульсирующий ток. Шунт на якоре может быть один или несколько. Количество пульсаций тока зависит от количества шунтов. The magnetization of the armature magnet is axial. The plane of the poles of the winding is perdicular on the plane of the pole of the magnet. The direction of the turns is radial. In the case when the pole of the magnet and the magnet itself will have a cylindrical shape, its field will be uniform, then the rotation of the magnet will not cause the appearance of current. If the uniformity of the magnetic field changes, in the region of the plane of the armature pole, a direct current will be generated in the stator winding. The heterogeneity of the magnetic field can be obtained by applying a “magnetic shunt”. It is known that a magnetic shunt is a magnet wire connected in parallel with a magnetic circuit for branching a magnetic flux when it is impossible or undesirable to pass the entire flux through this circuit. Staple-shaped magnetic shunt, positioned so that it partially closed the poles of the magnet. At the same time, the shunt must not completely overlap the radius of the pole plane. The best result is obtained when the ends of the bracket are made in the form of an arc lying on the plane of the pole. Thus, a continuously pulsating current is obtained. An anchor shunt may be one or more. The number of ripple currents depends on the number of shunts.
На чертеже обозначенный фиг.1 показан генератор, «вид сбоку», со снятым торцевым щитом, где: 1 -корпус, 2- вал якоря, 3 -якорь-магнит, 4-магнитный шунт, 5 -обмотка статора, 6-сердечник обмотки.  The drawing indicated by figure 1 shows the generator, "side view", with the end shield removed, where: 1 is the housing, 2 is the armature shaft, 3 is the armature magnet, 4 is the magnetic shunt, 5 is the stator winding, 6 is the core of the winding .
ФИГ.2 обозначен якорь генератора, «общий вид», где: 2-вал якоря, 3-якорь- магнит, 4-магнитный шунт.  FIG.2 designated generator armature, "General view", where: 2-shaft anchors, 3-armature magnet, 4-magnetic shunt.
При вращении вала генератора от постороннего привода, при движении шунта в зоне сердечника, от начала к середине будет генерироваться постоянный ток. При удалении шунта из зоны от середины сердечника к окончанию ток будет убывать. При изменении направления вращения якоря ток будет менять своё напраление на противоположное.  When the generator shaft rotates from an external drive, when the shunt moves in the core zone, a direct current will be generated from the beginning to the middle. When the shunt is removed from the zone from the middle of the core to the end, the current will decrease. When the direction of rotation of the armature changes, the current will change its direction to the opposite.

Claims

Формула изобретения. Claim.
Генератор постоянного тока с магнитным шунтом, содержащий корпус, внутри которого расположен вал якоря, на котором закреплён постоянный магнит в форме цилиндра, с осевой намагниченностью, который является якорем, над полюсом которого расложен статор содержащий обмотку с железным сердечником, закреп- лённый на корпусе, отличающий тем, что якорь-магнит снабжён магнитным шун- том, который частично замыкает полюса якоря-магнита.  A direct current generator with a magnetic shunt, comprising a housing, inside of which there is an armature shaft, on which a permanent magnet in the form of a cylinder is fixed, with axial magnetization, which is an armature, above which a stator is folded, containing a winding with an iron core mounted on the housing, characterized in that the anchor magnet is equipped with a magnetic shunt, which partially closes the poles of the magnet armature.
PCT/RU2015/000515 2015-06-09 2015-08-20 Direct current generator with a magnetic shunt WO2016209105A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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RU2015121841A RU2015121841A (en) 2015-06-09 2015-06-09 DC MAGNETIC SHAFT GENERATOR
RU2015121841 2015-06-09

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU108630A1 (en) * 1956-05-23 1956-11-30 Л.М. Паластин Synchronous electric machine
US20130257187A1 (en) * 2012-03-27 2013-10-03 Stephen N. Hummel Brushless DC Electrical Generator

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU108630A1 (en) * 1956-05-23 1956-11-30 Л.М. Паластин Synchronous electric machine
US20130257187A1 (en) * 2012-03-27 2013-10-03 Stephen N. Hummel Brushless DC Electrical Generator

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
SIVUKHIN D.V.: "Obshchii kurs fiziki. Uchebnoe posobie dlia VUZov", ELEKTRICHESTVO. 4-E IZD., STEREOT. M, vol. 5 t. T.I, 2004, pages 256 - 258 *

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