SU1085965A1 - Method for making pin-type sealed leads - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for fabricating IYRKY HERMO-INDUCTS by connecting electrical leads to a part from an inorganic dielectric during heating, characterized in that, in order to simplify the process, reduce energy costs, improve performance and improve the quality of the spa, the connection is accomplished by contacting the inorganic dielectric with an electric electrode to bring the electrodes into contact with the inorganic dielectric. exposure to the electromagnetic field of the microwave range and the appearance of a locally molten zone in the dielectric part an appliance before its exit from the opposite side of the part. (L

Description

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The invention relates to a technology for the manufacture of pin hermetic inlets and can be used in electronic industry and precision instrumentation. A number of methods are known for fabricating vacuum-tight pin electrodes in parts made of inorganic dielectrics, which are common to a hole is made corresponding to the diameter of the electrical leads, with the following sealing of the electrical lead with any kind of solder (metal, glass, glass metal or glass cement). For example, there is a known method of active soldering, in which pin electrical inputs (nickel, titanium, ii, horse, and t, d,), installed in the dielectric part, are soldered by active copper or copper or silver solder in all or in a neutral gas medium. The sealing of qi is achieved by the active action of solder with a dielectric and an electrical lead metal l. The disadvantages of this method are the low thermal and mechanical strength of vacuum-tight junctions due to the weak flow of solder in the dielectric hole. A known method of manufacturing pin-sealed inlets, based on the use of annealed glaze, which includes silica, alumina and oxides of alkaline-earth metgls (CAO, Co.O, etc.). As a result, high-temperature; - glazed soldering - provides a vacuum-tight connection of the dielectric with a pin electrical input 2 I. The disadvantages of this method are the complexity of the technology, the large amount of soldering, and the low thermal and mechanical strength of the junctions due to the difference in the E coefficients of the linear absorption of the materials forming the junction. R evest € 1H is also a method of guilting of the tin hermetic inlets by soldering the conical dieleg of the striking pin into the conical hole of the dielectric part, on the surface of which a molybdenum glass paste is applied, consisting of manganese glass and porous metal molybdenum. Soldering is carried out in a vacuum or in hydrogen furnaces up to full melt and solder. With Teklomolibyuva pasta provides sealing: With a 1: 1 pin, and simultaneously it is an electrical conductor. The disadvantages of this method are the uneven thickness of the conductive surface and, as a result,. Aries originated: G: thermal gradients, ps noncompleteness; Mr. Megavichesky .Tei processing; Trsvvodov, the difference in the diagnosis of STRAH due to the conical shizift, the complexity of soldering to them of metallic conductors and rapid wear on: r-lti when using mechanical contacts. The common drawbacks of all known methods of fabricating and sealing hermetic taps include the multi-operation and labor-intensiveness of the preparatory operations, the preliminary production of holes corresponding to the electrical supply in the dielectric, the need for chemical cleaning of the surface of the holes, the fabrication of paste-like solder and its even application to the surface of the hole and the electrical supply, duration and multi-stage heat treatment in the process of soldering and sealing the electrical input under conditions controlled gas medium or in vacuum, the necessity of heating an appliance with the entire workpiece. The purpose of the invention is to simplify the process, reduce energy consumption, increase productivity and improve the quality of the process. This goal is achieved by the fact that according to the method of manufacturing pin-type pressure seals, by connecting electric currents with a part from an inorganic dielectric during heating, the connection is made by bringing in the contact with the inorganic dielectric of the end of the electric input with subsequent exposure to the electromagnetic field of the microwave range and when In the dielectric part of the locally molten zone, an electrical input is introduced before its exit from the opposite side of the part. For the manufacture of a pressure input, the end of the electrical input is made to the surface of the dielectric part. In the area of the electrical input, the electromagnetic field of the microwave diaon is created. A 1 pin electrical input, which is a vibrator, concentrates the energy of an electromagnetic field. The energy center 1cc is characterized by the occurrence of a high intensity of the SEC electromagnetic field at the ends of the electrical input. Moreover, the maximum intensity of the elec- tric field arises when the length of the electric electrode is a multiple of the value of A / 2, where is the wavelength of the electromagnetic field. Due to the contact of the electric circuit with the part, due to the interaction of the high-voltage electric field SV-1 with a dielectric, a local cut-off of the part occurs. When fulfilling the condition where Pf.pl is the specific melting power of the dielectric; S is the area of the melt zone; d is the thickness of the dielectric part, concentrated at the end of the vibrator power equal to or greater than the power required to heat the dielectric to the melting temperature. In this case, a locally molten zone is formed in the part, into which the electrical input is inserted before its exit from the opposite side of the part. The rate of introduction of the electrical inlet into the part is selected based on the viscosity of the material in the melt zone (jU), the part thickness (d) and the solidification temperature of the material (to.) I.e. 1 V p. 3. t) U where d is the thickness of the dielectric part; the viscosity of the material in the melt zone, the specific pressure of the electrical input to the material of the melt zone; solidification time of the material in the melt zone. The conditions defined by expression (2) should be observed so that, on the one hand, not to allow material to be ejected from the melt zone at a high rate of introduction of an electrical input, and on the other hand to avoid solidification of the dielectric material in the zone of a melt, when the rate of introduction of an electrical input is insufficient. Limitations on the wall thickness of the dielectric part are related to the power of the microwave electromagnetic field generator, the dielectric material, and the specific pressure of the electrical input to the material in the melt zone. The calculated and experimental results are for an installation with a level of conducted microwave power of 500 W to 6 mm for a sieve and 0.8 mm for ceramics 22XC. For large thicknesses of the walls of these types of dielectrics, the power supplied to the resonator, limited to existing types of SBS generators, does not allow the creation of a melt zone across the entire wall thickness of the part. After the introduction of the electrical input into the dielectric part for a given length, the action of the electromagnetic field is stopped, followed by the natural cooling of the obtained connection of the electrical input with the dielectric part. This forms a tight metal-dielectric connection, t, e, a pressure seal. When placed in an electromagnetic array of several electrical inlets, it is possible to simultaneously produce a batch of hermetic inlets. The implementation of the proposed method can be carried out using an electromagnetic field only in the microwave range. This is explained by the fact that the loss angle of inorganic dielectric materials is an indicator of the degree of absorption energy increases sharply with an increase in the frequency of the electromagnetic field, starting with a frequency of about 10 Hz (the lower limit of the microwave range). FIG. 1 shows the realization of Guy method; in FIG. 2, the stages of formation of the pressure connection, in a volume microwave resonator 1 with a known field distribution, a wavelength of 12 cm, a quality factor of 5-10 and a power level of 500 watts, are placed a dielectric piece 2 and a electric drive 3 connected to the displacement mechanism 4, The electromagnetic field of the microwave range is supplied to the cavity resonator 1 from the microwave generator. 5. The use of a cavity resonator is due to the fact that its use makes it possible to obtain a microwave electric field strength of about 3-10 V / mm with a relatively low-power source of microwave energy. Sitall and ceramic substrates of type ST-50 and 22XC, respectively, 1 mm thick, are used as dielectric parts. Tungsten or steel wire 1 mm in diameter is used as electrical input. In accordance with the wavelength in the resonator 1, the length of electrical input 3 is chosen to be 60 mm. To obtain a shorter electrical input, a special electrical input holder is used, which is a metal rod, at the end of which a pin electrical input is fixed longitudinally in its axis. In this case, the total length of the holder with the electrical input installed in it is 60 mm. To manufacture a pressure input with the help of the movement mechanism 4, the end face of the electrical input 3 is brought into contact with the surface of the dielectric part 2 at a predetermined angle from 90 to 30%. In the cavity resonator 1 with the help of the microwave generator 5 excite the electromagnetic field. The time of occurrence of a locally molten zone in a dielectric with a specified power of the microwave generator and its Q-factor is about 0.5 s for a cellar and 20-25 seconds for a ceramic. The rate of introduction of the electrical input into the dielectric is 20 mg / s for sitall and 6 mm / s for silicon. After introducing the electrical input into the dielectric component for a predetermined length, the energy supply to the resonator is stopped, followed by natural cooling of the resulting compound to the dielectric. This time is about 3 seconds for connecting the electrical input to the sieve, and about 12–15 seconds for ceramics. The total time of manufacture of the pressure seal is on average from 30 to 60 seconds. The proposed method allows the implementation of metal compounds with almost all inorganic dielectrics containing the glass phase (in particular, such ceramics as 102, VK-92, 22X, 22XC, M7, VG-IV and others. The formation of a local dielectric melt zone and its speed depends of the level of the microwave power conducted in the volume resonator, the degree of concentration of the electromagnetic microwave field at the working end of the electrical input, the loss tangent of the dielectric material, is its measure of its absorption of microwave energy and the melting temperature It is obvious that the quality of the metal – dielectric compounds depends significantly on the presence and percentage of the glass phase, its melting point, chemical composition, viscosity and wetting capacity. Since dielectrics, which are in their composition, have a glass phase, it is easier to form metal compounds, the higher the content of the glass phase and the lower its melting temperature, the higher the creep rate of the dielectric material in the melt zone and the better it flows into the gaps between the metal electrical input and the dielectric after the tim latter in the melt zone. The presence of mineralizers based on manganese and silicon oxides in the composition of ceramics, as, for example, in ceramics of type 22XC, reduces the viscosity of a molten dielectric, improves the wettability of the metal by a molten dielectric. Microscopic studies of the obtained junctions show that during the formation of the pressure-tight joint under the influence of the microwave floor, the glass phase of the ceramic diffuses into the metal rocks, forming a strong bond between them, which provides high mechanical strength and vacuum density. The proposed method for the manufacture of pressure seals eliminates the multi-operability and laboriousness of the technological process and significantly shortens its time, which leads to a dramatic increase in productivity and a reduction in production energy costs hundreds of times.

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Claims (2)

METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING PIN HEAD CONNECTORS by connecting electric inputs to an inorganic dielectric part during heating, characterized in that, in order to simplify the process, reduce energy consumption, increase productivity and improve the quality of the junction, the connection is carried out by bringing the end of the electric lead into contact with the inorganic dielectric on them the electromagnetic field of the microwave range and when a locally molten zone appears in the dielectric part input before it exits from the opposite side of the part. 2 3 ABOUT 00 JV about S>