SU1080806A1 - Method of regulating the growth of tomato and cabbage - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of regulating the growth of tomato and cabbage, including seed treatment with an aqueous solution of the active substance, characterized in that in order to increase yields, a humic metal complex obtained from tomato tops by boiling with water is used as the active substance, and the phase of two or three and five portions of the present leaves, and for treating the seeds, use 0.01-O, I / O solution, and seedlings - 0.001-0.01% solution in a dose of 35-350 g / ha of active substance. (L

Description

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The invention relates to agriculture, namely to chemical methods of controlling plant growth.

There is a method of controlling plant growth by using succinic acid 1.

There is also known a method for regulating the growth of tomatoes and cabbage, which includes the treatment of seeds with an aqueous solution of the active substance, which is heteroauxin 2.

However, the known methods do not sufficiently increase the yield of agricultural crops.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the yield.

This goal is achieved by using as the active substance a humic-like metal complex obtained from tops of mats by boiling with water and additionally processing the seedlings in the phase of two, three, and six to six true leaves, and for processing Seed N use 0.01-0.1 ° / o-ny solution, and seedlings - 0.001-0.01 ° / o-ny solution in a dose of 35-350 g / ha of the active substance.

The effect of the stimulator of an aqueous solution of a humic-like metal complex obtained from a tomato tops (Biomost) on the germination energy, germination, seedling quality and tomato yield was studied using the method of soaking seeds and spraying the seedlings. To do this, put laboratory and field experiments.

Tomato seeds are soaked with freshly prepared 0.01-0.1 ° / oh aqueous stimulator solution at the rate of 1.5-2 liters of solution per 1 kg of seeds for 24 hours.

Spraying (treatment) of the seedlings is carried out with a 0.001-0.01% aqueous solution of a styrene moth in the phase of two to three true leaves, and then in the phase of five to six present at the rate of 35-350 g of the active substance per hectare .

The stimulator used is prepared as follows.

Tomato tops are extracted with boiling water at a solid to liquid ratio of 1: 16-1: 20 for 4 hours, and during the first 2 hours of extraction, water is added up to 1/4 of the initial volume as the evaporation is boiled over the next 2 hours. without adding water with evaporation to 1/2 of the original volume. The extract is drained and the treatment of the tomato tops is repeated. The extracts are combined and boiled for 8 hours, and during the first 4 hours the water is filled up as 1/4 of the initial volume evaporated, boiled for the next 4 hours without topping up the water with evaporation to 1 / 16-1 / 20 of the original volume. Then the solution is evaporated at 55-100 ° C to obtain a product with a moisture content of 5-8%.

Example I. Laboratory Experience. Object of research: seeds of tomato varieties "Kiev 139.

The effect of seed soaking in aqueous solutions of Biomosa-T on germination energy and germination is investigated.

Seeds are soaked in a 0.001-1% aqueous stimulator solution for 24 hours.

The germination and germination energy was determined according to the generally accepted method (GOST 0 5055-56). As a control, use seeds soaked in water.

The effect of "Biomosa-T on the germination energy and germination of seeds of tomato plants (research results from 1980-1981) is given in Table. one.

From tab. 1, it follows that the optimum concentration of the aqueous solution of Biomosa-T, used for soaking the seeds, is 0.01-0.1 ° / o, because at this concentration the maximum germination energies (60-64%) and germination (88.5-90 «/ o).

Increasing the concentration of the stimulator solution by more than 0.1% is not advisable, since even with a 1% concentration, the germination and germination energy increase slightly, but the consumption of the stimulator increases dramatically.

A decrease in the concentration below 0.01% is also undesirable, since the values of the marked indicators deteriorate sharply, resulting in a decrease in the efficiency of the method.

Since the obtained data in the concentration range of the stimulator 0.01 and 0.1% are close, when studying the influence of the stimulator on the quality of the seedlings and on the yield of tomatoes, a 0.1 ° / стиму Stimulant stimulation solution is used to soak the seeds.

The optimal concentration of "Biomosa-T, necessary for spraying plants, is determined by the method of super-weak spontaneous luminescence.

Example 2. Experience laboratory and production. Object of study: seedlings varieties "Kiev 139.

Tomato seedlings in the phase of three to four present leaves are sprayed with an aqueous solution of Biomosa-T at a concentration of 0.0005-5.0% and, by changing the level of super-weak spontaneous luminescence (CCC) of the root and leaf seedling generators, judge about the use of energy in metabolic processes of plants.

The effect of Biomosa-T on the level of cardiovascular disease of the seedling root and leaf homogenate is presented in Table. 2

From tab. 2. It follows that it is advisable to use a biostimulant of 0.001–0.01% concentration for spraying2 seedlings, since an increase or decrease in concentrations against these values leads to a sharp increase in the CVS values of the roots and leaves. At concentrations of 0.001 and 0.01 / o, the CVS of the roots is 32.4 kp / s and 16.2 imp / s, and the CVS of the leaves is 24.3 imp / s and 10.8 imp / s, respectively. Consequently, at these concentrations, the minimum energy consumption for plant growth processes is ensured. In tab. Figure 3 shows the results of the effect of double treatment of seedlings with biostimulant solutions of different concentrations on the values of the mass of the underground part, the root mass and the height of the plant in comparison with the control (spraying with water). To reveal the advantages of the proposed method in the following examples, "Biomos-T 0.01 / o-th concentration" is used to spray the seedlings. Example 3. Experience laboratory and production. Object of study: seeds of tomato variety “Kievsky 139. The effect on the quality of seedlings soaking the seeds of tomatoes in a 0.1% / oh aqueous solution of“ Biomosa-T for 24 hours, followed by spraying the seedlings in the two-three, and then tee-six of these leaves with a 0.01% aqueous solution Biomoza-T. The experiments were carried out according to the generally accepted method. 6 tab. Table 4 shows the effect of Biomosa-T on the growth of tomato plants (experiments in 1981), as compared with the soaking of seeds in water, in Table. 5 - the same as in comparison with soaking the seeds in a 0.05% solution (experiments of 1982). From the table. 4 and 5 of the data, it follows that the proposed method favorably differs from both the method of soaking the seeds with water and the known method of soaking the seeds in an aqueous solution of heteroauxin. Compared with the first method (control, water), the proposed method of stimulating plant growth provides an increase in the weight of the aerial part of the seedling by 50%, root weight by 33% and the area of the assimilation surface by 53%. In comparison with the well-known method, a slight increase in the root mass (by 1%) is achieved, however, the weight of the above-ground part of the seedlings increases by 26%, and the area of the assimilation surface increases by 19%. These changes provide improved conditions for the photosynthetic activity of plants and root nutrition, and ultimately lead to an increase in crop yields. Example 4. Field experience. Object of study: seeds of variety "Kievsky 139. The effect on tomato crop of soaking seeds in a 0.1% aqueous solution of" Biomosa-T with the subsequent spraying of seedlings with a 0.01% aqueous solution of "Biomosa-T in phase two - three, and then in the phase of five leaves of true leaves. The experiments were carried out according to the generally accepted method. The repetition of the experiment is fourfold. As a control, use seeds soaked in water. The effect of Biomosa-T on the yield of tomato plants is presented in Table. 6. As follows from the data table. 6, the use of the proposed method provides, compared with the control, an increase in the number of fruits by 38%, fruit weight by 100%, early harvest by 67% and total yield by 27%. The effect of heteroauxin on the yield of tomatoes is small. Yields increase by 3%. Seed treatment without subsequent treatment of seedlings does not increase the early yield compared to the control (water treatment) and provides an increase in the total yield by 12%. Seed treatment in combination with a single seedling treatment provides an early yield increase of 9% and a total yield of 17%. Twice treatment of seedlings without preliminary treatment of seeds gives an increase in the early yield by 29% and the total yield by 11%. Thus, the proposed method of processing seeds and seedlings of tomatoes is more efficient. The proposed method is also effective for cabbage. When processing cabbage of the Khibinska variety, the additional yield is 1.3 kg / m or 123% of the control (water treatment).

Table 1

Table 3

18.0 100 27.0 150

1.5

NDS

0.95

Table 4

100

144

100

153

221 43

133

Izvesti1000, 90, nyy9,7

Table 5

173.9

100

100

Table b

Claims (1)

METHOD FOR REGULATING TOMATO AND CABBAGE GROWTH, including treating the seeds with an aqueous solution of the active substance, characterized in that in order to increase yield, a humic like metal complex obtained from tomato tops by boiling with water is used as the active substance, and seedlings are additionally processed in a two-phase three and five to six true leaves, with a 0.01-0.1% solution used for seed treatment, and seedlings using a 0.001-0.01% solution at a dose of 35-350 g / ha of active substance.