SU1073160A1 - Storage tank - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A TANK, comprising a boiler with a loading hatch and a drain device placed in the lower part of the boiler coaxially with the loading hatch, and an elastic diaphragm for supplying compressed gas or heat carrier under it, characterized in that it is equipped with at least two safety valves located on the sides of the drain device, one end of the closure element of each of which is rigidly connected to the elastic diaphragm, while the stop valve movement Ana is located outside the boiler. (L 00 05

Description

The invention relates to devices for storing and transporting liquid goods of various viscosities with the possibility of heating them to speed up the discharge and can be used in railway, water and road transport, as well as at stationary points of storage of liquid and bulk cargo. The known tank with an elastic diaphragm, freely adjacent to the bottom and the end parts of tank 1 and 2. Closest to the proposed technical essence and the achieved result is a railway tank with a surface heater, including an elastic diaphragm with longitudinal baffles, fixing it obliquely to the drain branch pipe when passing coolant. However, reliable operation of the diaphragm is not provided by any protective devices, and the discharge of the load itself is not intensified sufficiently because of the small inclination that can be obtained by raising the diaphragm. The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of the tank due to the trouble-free operation of the elastic diaphragm while intensifying the process of unloading the tank. The goal is achieved by the fact that the tank, which includes a boiler with a loading hatch and a drainage device placed at the bottom of the boiler coaxially with the loading hatch, and an elastic diaphragm for supplying compressed gas or heat carrier under it, is equipped with at least two safety valves located along to the sides of the unloading device, one end of the locking element of each of which is rigidly connected to the elastic diaphragm, while the limiter-1 limiter, for the locking element of the valve, is located outside the boiler. FIG. i shows a cistern; in fig. 2 - internal equipment of the tank, top view; in fig. 3 - safety relief valve device, closed position; in fig. 4 - the same, open position; in fig. 5 - the initial stage of unloading; in fig. 6 - intermediate stage of discharge; in fig. 7 - the final unloading phase and the position of the safety-relief valve at the same time. The tank contains a boiler 1, a dilution pipe 2, supplying compressed air (gas) or heat carrier under elastic diaphragm 3, whose working position is indicated by a dotted line, and communicating in the upper part of the tank with a supply pipe 4 having a valve in the area of the hatch 5. Pipeline 6 is also provided with a valve. In the lower part of the tank tank there is a discharge device with a lid 7, a safety-relief valve 8, rigidly attached to an elastic diaphragm 3, equipped with a travel stop 9 and having a protective casing 10. The latter can be closed for the period of operation with a removable lid, and when unloaded either a hose is connected to the desired side of the condensate and gas, or a trap is installed under it, for example in the form of a tray. The material of the diaphragm is gas-tight and resistant to aggressive media and loads. The tank works as follows. In the warm season, viscous loads are removed from the tank through a discharge device, opening cover 7 and connecting hoses to pipelines 4 and 6. Gas or heat carrier may be supplied under pressure through distributor pipe 2, and only gas that creates pressure on the surface of the cargo can be supplied through an open valve in pipe 6. The pressure in pipeline 4 should be at least 0.01-0.02 MPa higher than in pipeline 6, which ensures an intensive supply of cargo to the unloading device by raising elastic diaphragms 3 when they are inflated. After the end of the discharge, the gas supply and the heat transfer medium are disconnected from pipes 4 and 6 and the previously connected hoses are disconnected. At the same time, inflated elastic diaphragms 3 descend under their own weight, displace air from the pipe 4 and occupy a position on the inner surface of the tank, practically without reducing its useful volume. Protection of the diaphragm 3 against rupture at the end of the discharge with increasing pressure occurs at the expense of periodic pressure relief through the pre-relief valve 8 (Fig. 2), located under the diaphragm near the discharge device. The valve opens depending on the amount of lift of the elastic diaphragm 3, with which it is rigidly connected (Fig. 3). At the maximum possible rise of the diaphragm, the valve 8 is fully opened (Fig. 4). The limiter 9, pivotally connected to the valve 8, reliably fixes its position and ensures the correct fit of the valve when closing (when lowering the diaphragm). Periodic depressurization through valve 8 as cargo is removed and gas and condensate rush to the outside of the tank causes the flexible diaphragm to shake, which speeds up the emptying process. In the cold season, in the presence of solidifying loads, under the diaphragm 3, only heat transfer fluid is supplied through conduit 4, and compressed gas is supplied to the tank through conduit 6 with the above minimum pressure drop. Likewise bulk solids can be removed from the tank boiler. Elastic diaphragm protection against rupture with increasing pressure

automatically with its general lifting and opening of the safety and waste valve

The safety tank provides protection of the elastic diaphragm from destruction in any method of discharge, creates

conditions for a more complete draining of the load by periodically shaking the diaphragm with a safety relief valve and allows for accelerated removal of the loads by creating increased pressure inside the tank.

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FIG. B

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Claims (1)

1. The tank, including a boiler with a loading hatch and a drain device located in the lower part of the boiler coaxially with the loading hatch, and an elastic diaphragm for supplying compressed gas or heat carrier under it, characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability of operation, it is equipped with at least at least two safety valves located on the sides of the drain device, one end of the locking element of each of which is rigidly connected to the elastic diaphragm, while the limiter of movement of the locking element of the valve laid outside the boiler.