SU1071358A1 - Power press - Google Patents

Abstract

A MECHANICAL PRESS containing a clamping slider installed in the bed guides and a deforming slider connected via a crank drive mechanism, characterized by the fact that, in order to expand its technological capabilities, it is equipped with an additional slider connected with a connecting rod and installed in the deforming slider , with an atom between the additional and deforming sliders, a chamber connected to a source of gas pressure is formed,.

Description

12 g 5/7 Гв 6 Г9 8 Я (У, гПУ y / rpaSjtfffVji The invention relates to mechanical engineering, foundry, namely to machines for punching liquid metals, and can be used for punching plastics, Machines with a horizontal extrusion chamber are known hydraulically clamping dies and moving the pressing punch. Such machines include, for example, a machine of the ESIT 512G type, and a large drawback of these machines is the presence of a pump-accumulator station, which usually operates several machines, Including if only one lizard is required, the installation of the battery station is unprofitable.The closest to the invention in technical essence and the achieved result is a mechanical press containing a clamping slider connected by a mechanical system to a fist, a drive, and deforming sliders: upper and lower. The upper SRI of the slider is connected with levers with a clamping slide and a crank mechanism with a drive. Slides are installed in the bed guides. The advantage of the press is the reliable clamping of the die column, INDIED drive, fire safety and the absence of dirt caused by leakage of oil or emulsion with hydraulic drive j | 2j o The disadvantage of the press is the rigid limitation of the working stroke of the deforming slide block, which eliminates the use of metal, since with an excess of the metal being strained, its failure may occur, with a shortage - non-filling of the form. The purpose of the invention is to expand the technological capabilities of the press. The goal is achieved by the fact that a mechanical press containing a clamping slider installed in the bed guides and a deforming slider connected via a crank drive mechanism with an actuator is equipped with an additional slider connected to the connecting rod and installed in the deforming slider between the additional and a deforming slide is formed by a chamber associated with a source of gas pressure. FIG. 1 shows a mechanical press with a horizontal pressing chamber in FIG. 2 is a view A of FIG. 1 in FIG. 3; section BB in FIG. 1, fig 4; mechanical press with two punches located opposite to each other / in fig. five -. mechanical press Double action for pressing plastics and liquid metals f in fig. b - vertical mechanical press for pressing plastics of simple action (fig 2) - design of a simple mechanical press for plastics and liquid metals; Fig. 8 is a double-acting mechanical press with a screw clamp of dies} in Fig. 9, a double-action mechanical press with a lever clamp of dies and a clamp for pressing plastics. The mechanical one (Fig. 1) contains a frame 1, in the guides of which three sliders are mounted. The clamping slider 2 is connected by a mechanical system 3 to the fist 4. Levers 5 are mounted on the clamping slider 2, connected by means of 6 with intermediate slider 7 and of 8 with an auxiliary slider 9. Inside the auxiliary slider there is an additional drive slider 10 forming with the auxiliary slider chamber B, in which air is supplied from the network or from the receiver. The receiver can be connected to a network or compressor. On the crank shaft of the press, the command device 11 with double shifting is fixed. The closure of the cam mechanism is carried out by the power cylinder 12, the main slider 2 is connected with a deforming slider 14 carrying a pressing punch 15. The pressing punch 15 moves in the receiving tray 16, a half matrix 17 is installed on the press table, a half matrix 17 is mounted on the clamping slider with the ejector 13, the shaft 20 with the crank 21 of the actuator 22, the connecting rod 23 is connected to the driving slide 10, the press has an air distributor 24 for controlling the drive, and the pressure distributor 25 for connecting the pressure in chamber B The valve 26. The valve 26 is connected to measure Ka B, with an air distributor and the network through the check valve 27. When situated at an angle 45 (FIG. 2) of the metal udobstvezalivki deforming slider 14 "press according to FIG. 4 is similar in principle to that described. The difference lies in the fact that the deforming slider 28 is connected to the retaining slider 29, which has support levers 30, which are affected by retaining cylinders 31, Bottom cylinders size reduction air is supplied to them with increased pressure from the compressor station 32. Press screw adjustment 33 position of the cutting punch. Fig. 5 shows a press for pressing plastic parts. The slider 34 also forms a cavity B with an intermediate slider 35, to which high pressure air is supplied from the compressor station 36. FIG. B shows a press for the production of parts from. plastics. This press can also be used for forming from melts. The press has an open C-shaped frame 37, in which a deforming slide 38 is installed in the guides. Inside the deforming slide there is a drive slide 39 connected to the connecting rod 40 of the crank 41 of the drive 42. chamber B, formed by sliders, is supplied with compressed air from receiver 43 of compressor station 44. A die 45 is installed on the press table, a punch 46 is mounted on a deforming slide. A press 47 from the control unit 47 of the control device 11 crank shaft 48 and two uhoraspredeliteley 49 and 50 "pneumatic press system equipped with a safety klapan.51, check valves 52 and 53 and the control valve 54. In order to provide a press blank has a stop 55 moves creep deforming: na38. .,. ; : - ,: -. ;;;. FIG. Figure 7 shows a mechanical press for the production of plastic parts of a similar purpose (Fig. 6). The difference is that the deforming slider 56 is located inside the drive slider 5 and the plunger 58 is mounted on the deforming slider. The pneumatic system and control are similar to the press in FIG. In the press (FIG. 8) in the frame of the installation, the drive slide 59 is installed. The Noy slide is made in the form of a piston and is installed inside the intermediate slide 60, which has a nut 61, in which it is integrated with Inte 62. The screw support 63 is installed in the pressure slide 64. The clamp the slider mechanical system 65 is connected d drive fist 66. An upper deforming slider 67 with a nut 68 is installed inside the pressure slider. The pneumatic system and its control are similar to the press in FIG. one. . - ..,. , FIG. 9 shows a press of the same purpose as in FIG. 8. The difference lies in the fact that the contact-pressure slide with deforming and intermediate is made through levers 69. The sleep press bed is fixed by retainer 70, and pressure head 71 is open 72. The press works as follows Portion of liquid metal is poured into the tray receiver 16. Punch 1J: at this time is in its leftmost position. Turns on when the press is closed and the shaft 20 of the crankshaft 21 begins to rotate through the rod 23, moving the drive slide 10. Simultaneously with the slide 10, it moves to the left and the clamping slide 2 with its fist 4 through the mechanical system 3. The program of the fist 4 is executed in such a way that the simultaneous rotation of the crank and cam 4 does not cause movement of the punch 15 until the plates 17 and 18 are closed. After the semi-matrix 17 and 18 are in contact, the clamping slider stops / the continued movement of the slider 10 through the compressed air in chamber B The glands 8, the levers 5 and the gigs 6 cause the intermediate slider 7 to move to the right and, therefore, through the columns 13, the displacement slider 14 moves with the punch 15. Thus, the metal in the receiving tray pushes the punch 15 into the cavity, formed by semi-matrices 17 and 18. The force on the punch requires little for this. After filling the cavities of the matrix 17 and 18 with the liquid metal, the force on the / punch increases, as the air in chamber B is compressed, which is currently disconnected from the pneumatic network by valve 25 and valve 26. From the continued rotation of the crank, the air is compressed in chamber B, thereby creating a force on the deforming slider 14 and the punch 15, which is transmitted to the pressed metal. At the extreme right position of the punch 15, i.e. when the crank is turned to an angle of 180, the press operator switches off the drive coupling through the diffuser 24, and activates the brake of the crank shaft. The press stops. Upon expiration of the time required for the metal to crystallize, an electrical command is sent from the control panel, which activates or deactivates the electromagnets of the air distributors 24 and 25 and connects cavity B through valves 26 and 27 to the network. Excess pressure in chamber B drops to mains. At the same time, the clutch 24 is engaged with the clutch and the drive brake is released. The curve with the shaft nip through the crank 23 of the slider-10 returns to its original position, and the cam 4 through the mechanical system 3 of the clamp-slider 2 is retracted to the right by the amount of opening the matrices. Wash: gel 19 from; the target is removed from the cavity of the matrix 18. If pushing the product out of the half matrix 17 is required, then this cycle should be provided for in program 4, i.e. When opening the semi-matt, the paison 15 moves first to the right and then returns to its original position. At the extreme right position of the slider 10, the press stops with the command device 11 of the crank shaft 48. Thus, the press operates as a compressor, giving excess pressure to the network. Naturally, such work requires a large area of chamber B and a large stroke of the slide 10, i.e. crank radius. To reduce the size of the slider 10 and the crank radius, a compressor station is needed to supply air to chamber B under greater (than networked) pressure, as was done, for example, in FIG. 4, where retaining cylinders 31 mounted on a slider 28 and transmitting force through levers 30 to a deforming slider 29 act on the pressing punch. High air pressure is provided by the compressor station 32. Adjustment 33 of the pressing punch is performed with a nut. The use of mains air pressure (4-5 kg / cm) is possible only with npzj low effort, not exceeding. approximately 10 tpo of fig. 1 and 50 of FIG. 4, since the diameter of the chamber B, even at a force of 20 tons, is approximately 500 mm, and the crank radius is approximately doubled. Therefore, it is best to use a compressor station with air pressure up to 50-60 kg / cm. The size of chamber B along the length is taken taking into account the possible error in the dose of metal during casting, which is approximately 2030%. Consequently, the compressed air consumption is insignificant, and with a press structure in which air is released from chamber B to the network, the NAP of this section of the pneumatic system increases dramatically, and the capacity of the compressor station will be small, and, therefore, it can be mounted in the press frame ( see fig. 6).

The press shown in FIG. 4, works in the same way. The impact of the punch on the metal is made through the retaining slider 28. Such a structure requires pneumatic cylinders of a smaller diameter, which is no less convenient to maintain.

The press shown in FIG. 5, designed for plastic processing

The force on the pressing punch is transmitted from the drive slider 34 through the compressed air in chamber B to the slider 35. Compressed air is taken from the compressor 36. This press has a deforming and clamping slider, which expands its technological capabilities,

The press shown in FIG. 6, simple action, without a clamping slide, and intended for processing plastics. The press operates as follows. The material being stamped is loaded into the lower die 45. The press drive 42 is turned on. The crank 41 rotates through the crank, moves down the drive slider 39, which through the air in the chamber B moves the deforming slider 38 with the punch 46. When the press is turned on, the distributor 49 connects chamber B to the receiver 43 of the compressor station 44. After rotation of the crank is not 180 by the commander 11, the drive clutch is disengaged and the brake is applied, the press is stopped, and the material being forged is under pressure of compressed air in chamber B. After some shutter speed required for polymerization of plastic, a command is sent from the control panel to reverse. At the same time, the air distributor 49 is guided under the piston of the valve 54. At the same time, the chamber B is connected through the check valve 52 to the network. The pressure in chamber B drops. At the same time, the command is given to the air distribution 50, which turns on the drive coupling and turns off the brake, the press Krivogeip 42 rotates another 180 ° and is excluded by the commander 11. Thus, the press operation consists of a mechanical press crank and pneumatic due to air pressure Large movements performed by the mechanical part of the press, and pressurized by the pneumatic part. Naturally, the design of the press becomes more complex, but the advantages such as cleanliness in the workplace, high speed, overload protection, compensate for its complexity.

FIG. 7 shows a press according to a principle similar to the press of FIG. 6. The difference in the design consists only in the fact that the press slider 57 is connected to the drive connecting rod, and the punch 58 is mounted on the slider connected to the rod.

The press in FIG. 8 double action It works in the same way as described in FIG. 1. The drive slider, moving from the crank through chamber B, drives the intermediate slider 60 through the nut 61 with the screw 62. The screw 63 through the bearing rests on the pressure slider 64. Thus, with pressure on the intermediate slider 60, the screw 62 rotates. the movement of the deforming slide 67 through the nut 68. Switching on, switching off, holding under pressure, reversing is similar to the press described in FIG. one.

Fig. 9 shows a double action press. The work of this press

also similar to the above. The pess has a lever 69 connection of the half-shank | and a retainer 70, a pressing craw for 1, which is inserted into the hole 72. In this case, the press operates as a press of simple action. Its area of application is wider than that of presses without retainer.

What is common in the design of presses is that the crank of the press is rotated not through 360 °, as with conventional presses, but every 180 °,. and between a ram connected to a sh-. drive and intermediate or

a deforming slider, there is a chamber for a gas, for example, air, which serves as a medium transmitting pressure to the deforming slider. The gas from this chamber can be released either to the atmosphere or to the network. In the latter case, the efficiency of the press is higher, and the noise level is less.

The invention allows the use of a press for the stamping of liquid metal and plastics, as it provides a material under pressure for crystallization or polymerization.

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Claims (1)

MECHANICAL PRESS containing a clamping slide installed in the guide rails and a deforming slide connected through a crank mechanism with a drive, characterized in that, in order to expand its technological capabilities, it is equipped with an additional slide connected to the connecting rod and installed in the deforming slide, while between the extra. and a deforming slide, a chamber is formed associated with the gas pressure source. management Fig 1