SU1062753A1 - Device for transmitting measured data - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to measurement information systems and can be used in a system using qua-reversible redundancy reductions.

A device is known for transmitting measurement information comprising a synchronizer, a channel switch, a measurement information encoding unit, a census address encoding unit, a buffer memory unit, a time encoding unit, AND, OR, and an inverter. The said device provides redundancy of redundant, useless, repetitive information and extracts from the source data only essential samples, using which, at the receiving side, it is possible with a given accuracy to restore the measured signals as a function of time. Significant samples, accompanied by the necessary overhead information, are transferred to a buffer memory unit, from which all accumulated data is read at a constant frequency that ensures coordination with the communication channel. The overhead information refers to the frame and sensor markers, moreover, if the essential samples turned out to be in the signals of the sensors, which are polled sequentially, the sensor number is supplied only with the first of the significant samples in the group. At the same time, the address parts and the marker are encoded so that on the receiving side one can always distinguish between a substantial count code, an add-on part or a frame marker.

However, in such a device, overly excessive information about the number of the sensor that is polled first after the formation of the marker is transmitted (if, concisely, this sensor gave a substantial count). Moreover, the field of application of the device is not wide enough. This is explained by the fact that the effective use of the specified device is possible in those measurement information systems in which the measurement program provides for the possibility of changing the order of interrogating the sensors so that the sequence will be interrogated by the sensors providing the greatest likelihood of significant counts (otherwise The occurrence of substantial readings from sensors with successively increasing number of UVs and).

Closest to the invention is a device comprising a synchronizer, the first output of which is connected to the first input of a channel switch, the second inputs of which are inputs of the device, and the output is connected to the input of a measurement information coding unit, the output of which is connected to the first input of a significant sampling unit the second input of which is connected to the second output of the synchronizer, the third output of which is connected to the first input of the first element I, the output of which is connected to the first through the delay element the input of the first element OR, the second input of which is connected to the fourth output of the synchronizer, and the output - to the input of setting the zero trigger, the installation input of the unit of which is connected to the output of the second element AND, the first input of which is connected to the first input 1 of the first element AND whose output is connected to the first input of the third element AND, the output of which is connected to the first input of the channel address coding block, the output of which is connected to the first input of the buffer memory block, and the second. the input is with the fifth output of the synchronizer, the fourth output of which is connected to the input of the coding block of time, the output of which is connected to the second input of the buffer storage unit, the output of which is the output of the device, the third input is connected to the sixth output of the synchronizer, and the fourth input to the output the fourth element And, the first input of which is connected to the output of the first element And, the second input to the first output of the block for allocation of essential samples, the second output of which is connected to the second input of the first element And and through the first and nvertor - with the second input of the second element And 2.

A disadvantage of the known devices is the narrow field of use. The use of this device for transmitting measurement information can provide a practically acceptable reduction of service formations only in those measurement information systems in which the measurement program allows changing the order of connecting channels to the measurement information coding unit (at least before connecting the system). In this case, the group of consecutive Sensors combines those that have the greatest intensity of outputting significant readings (or those for which such high activity can be assumed beforehand).

The aim of the invention is to expand the field of application of the device.

The goal is achieved by the fact that the device for transmitting measurement information, containing a synchronizer, is the first output of which. connected to the first input of the commutator channels, the second inputs of which are information inputs of the device, the output of the kangsh switch through the coding block of measurement information is connected to the first input of the essential sampler, the second input of which is connected to the second output of the synchronizer and the second element And, the output of the first element And through the delay element with dinene with the first input of the first element OR and directly with the first inputs the third O and the fourth element I, the output of the first element IL is connected to the input of the zero setting trigger, the installation input of the unit which is connected to the output of the second element I, the output of the third element I is connected to the first input of the channel address coding block whose output is connected to the first input of the buffer block memory, the second input - with the fourth output of the synchronizer, the fifth output of which is connected to the second input of the first OR element and through the marker code generator - to the second input of the buffer block of 1 mt, sixth output of the synchronizer with Connected to the third input of the buffer memory block, the first output of the essential sampling unit is connected to the second rotor of the first And element and through the first inverter to the second input of the second And element, the second output of the essential samples allocation block is connected to the second input of the fourth And element, output which is connected to the fourth input of the buffer memory block, the output of which is the output of the junction device, the operational memory block, the second inverter, the second OR element and the control bus the first and second inputs of the operative memory block are entered The data are connected to the control bus and the first output of the synchronizer, the output of the RAM block is connected to the third input of the second element AND and through the second inverter to the first input of the second element OR whose output is connected to the second input of the third element AND, the second input to single trigger output. The drawing shows the structures on the diagram of the device for transmitting the measured information. The device contains synchronizer 1, switchboard 2 channels, block 3 of operative memory, block 4 of coding measuring information, block 5 of extracting essential samples, the first inverter b, the second inverter 7, the first 8 and the second 9 elements TH, the trigger 10, the third element And 11, -element 12, delays, element. OR 13, block 14 of coding the address of channels, buffer block 15 of memory, fourth element AND 16, element OR 17, generator 18 of the marker code. Synchronizer 1 is a stable frequency generator with output counting and distribution stages, block 3 operative memory matrix of the passive memory for one bit with a number of cells equal to the number of sensors. If the activity, activity, or low activity of the channel is determined by external commands, block 3 is a random access memory matrix. With the arrival of a command from the external circuit, the contents of the corresponding cell are inverted. The coding information block 4 is an analog-to-digital converter, the channel address coding block 14 is a register circuit provided with former cascades, and the frame marker code generator 18 is a shaping circuit. The block 5 of the allocation of essential samples is designed to highlight those in the collections, by which it is possible to restore all the processes measured by the sensors as functions of time. In the case of the allocation of significant samples (non-redundant samples) using the linear prediction method, this block is executed as a combination of a signal analyzer (which is a combinational calculator), a multi-channel full-code memory block (representing a memory drive with an D-trigger register) Multichannel NIC incremental memory block (also representing a storage drive with an output D-flip-flop register), an increment code comparison block (representing a combinational no mismatched codes). Multichannel blocks of memory of full signal codes and increment codes are controlled by the same synchronizer signals 1 determining the cell numbers in the memory drive, read and write times. The operation of the device for transmitting measurement information is as follows. Synchronizer 1 sequentially at strictly constant intervals, called com- bination / mutation periods, forms any of the code combinations supplied to the control input of the channel switch 2. The output potentials of the information sensors are connected to the other (information) inputs of the channel switch 2. After the input of the control of the comm; tator 2 channels of any (for example, i) code

combinations on. the output of the switch of channels 2 forms a voltage level equal to the level applied to a specific (in this case, r – y) input of switch 2. If the information sensors are numbered according to the switch inputs of the 2 channels to which their outputs are connected, it can be said that after The synchronizer 1 -o code combination at the output of the switch 2 channels forms the output potential of the -th information sensor.

The code combinations generated by synchronizer 1 are also fed to the input of block 3. After each -th code combination arrives, a certain signal is generated at the output of block 3: single (enabling, if the 1st sensor is active; zero (prohibiting, if f) parameters The sensor is not very active. The program for issuing zero or single signals at the output of unit 3 must be downloaded either before switching on the measuring system using a priori data on the signal parameters recorded by the respective sensors or during expiration uatatsi external command received via the control bus of the system.

Thus, after the formation of each i-th code combination, the output potential of the i-th information sensor appears at the output of the 2-channel switch, and the output signal appears. Block 3 indicates whether the L1 sensor is active or not.

The potentials from the output of the channel switch come to information encoding unit 4, which implements. . analog-to-digital conversion and generates at its output a parallel-binary code of the input signal of the corresponding sensor. Parallel codes are sent to block 5 for the allocation of essential samples, which, after a period of time necessary for calculations, extract from the connected codes the codes of non-redundant samples / essential samples by which the output signals of each sensor can be recovered with the required accuracy as a function of time . Codes of non-redundant samples are formed at the first output of the block 5 for the allocation of significant samples and stored until the end of the switching period. In the event of a substantial count in the given switching period, a high / resolution signal is generated at the second output of the significant sampling block 5, which is maintained until the end of the switching period. If in a given switching period there is no excess sample

is allocated, then from the moment of determining the non-redundancy of the sample until the end of the switching period, the second output of the block 5 for the allocation of essential samples remains low (prohibiting) the signal. From the beginning of the switching period to the determination of the redundancy or non-redundancy of the sample, both the low and the high signal may be present at the second output of the significant sampling unit 5,

 The signals from the second output of the block 5 of the input of significant samples and from the output of the block 3 are inverted by the first 6 and second 7 inverters. The time of formation of the output signal by the activity unit 3 should be significantly less than the total response time of the 2 channel switch, the measurement information coding unit 4 and the significant sample selection unit 5,

Therefore, after determining the substance, or redundancy of reference, one of the four arises; situations:

- excess readout from the active channel / from the moment of determination from the counting accuracy to the end of the switching period to the second output of block 5 and at the output of the second inverter 7 there are zero potentials, and at the outputs of block 3 and the first inverter b high potentials

- redundant reading in a little active channel (at the second output of block 5 and at the output of block 3 there are zero potentials, and at the outputs of inverters 6 and 7 - single ones); J

- substantial counting along a little active channel (at the outputs of block 3

and the first inverter b contains low potentials, and the output of block 5 and the output of the second inverter 7 are high);

-significant reading on the active channel at the inputs of inverters b

and 7 there are low potentials, and at the output of block 3 and the second output of block 5 - high),

Let us consider the first situation - the presence in the considered period of switching of an excess reference in the active channel. After the end of the transients, synchronizer 1 eliminates the gating. a pulse arriving at the inputs of the first 8 and second 9 elements AND, This pulse cannot pass through the first element AND 8 (since a low potential is applied to its input from the second output of the significant sampling unit -5), however, the synchronizer 1 strobe passes the second element 9 (to its other inputs are applied the resolving potentials from the outputs of block 3 and the first

Inverter b). After passing through the second element AND 9, the pulse sets a single content in the trigger 10, and a permit signal appears at its direct output. Dru- The gating impulse in this switching period does not cause any effects.

In the second situation, there is an excessive readout along the little active channel. The strobe pulse cannot go through the first U through the second 9 element, since the specified gate pulse is released. After the transient processes are over. This means that during the pulse time on one from the inputs of the first element AND 8 are present a low potential from the second output of the block 5 for extracting significant samples, and on one of the second element AND 9 there is a low signal from the output of block 3. Thus, in the second situation, the strobe pulse issued by si The synchronizer 1 in this switching period does not cause any effect on the units of the device for transmitting measurement information.

In the third situation, there is a substantial readout along a little active channel. The synchronizing strobe pulse 1 cannot pass through the second MejiT 9, since to the input of this /. element applied a low signal from the output of block 3 activity. However, the strobe pulse passes the first element AND 8 (the signal at its other input — from the second output of the block 5 for the allocation of essential samples — resolving) and arrives at the third element 11 and the delay element ± 2. To the other input of the element 11 is applied a resolving potential from the output of the element OR 13. The specified resolving potential is caused by the presence at the input of the element OR 13 of the allowing potential from the output of the second inverter 7. Thus, the pulse from the output of the first element And 8 passes through the third element 11 and is fed to the input of the block 14 coding address kanshov.

To this block, which contains the register in general stages, from the output of synchronizer 1, a sensor number code is supplied. In block 14, this binary code is supplemented by additional bits so that the resulting code cannot be identified on the @ vi side of the sensor information code or as a frame marker. In block 14, the pulse from the output of the element 11 is converted to a form, conveniently 1y for writing to the buffer memory block 15. Thus, the code number of the small active sensor is entered into the indicated block 15. .

The pulse from the output of the first element And 8 enters the fourth element And 16, to another input of which. connected to the code of a significant sample from block 5 of the allocation of significant samples.

Thus, following the sensor number, the code of the magnitude of the significant count is entered into the buffer storage unit 15 (for some types of memory blocks, the special AND 16 element is not necessary for the connection of the code). The pulse from the output of the first element And 8 passes the delay element 12, the element OR 17 and resets the trigger 10 to zero. Thereafter, the low inhibitory potential is set at one, the output of the trigger 10.

Thus, in the third situation, the strobe pulse, issued by synchronizer 1, records the substantial sample, supplied with the sensor number, to block 15, and also, after the delay, sets trigger point 10 to zero. In the fourth situation, the active gate pulse synchronization 1 cannot pass through the second element 9, because a low signal from the output of the first inverter 6 is applied to the input of this element. However, just as in the third situation, the pulse passes through the first element 8 and the post flushes the inputs of AND gates 11 and 16 and also to the input of the delay element 12.

An input signal of the OR 13 element is applied to the input of the AND 11 element. Since the signal from the output of the second inverter 7 is low, the output potential of the OR 13 element is determined by the state of the trigger 1.0. Thus, if the trigger 10 in the zero state - the pulse from the output of the element And 8 does not pass through the element 11. Otherwise, if the trigger 10 is in the single state, then the pulse 11 from the output of the element 8 passes through the element 11 11 (or pulse, the duration of which is determined by the delay time of the signals in the delay element 12). After the passage of the element 11, the pulse enters the address encoding block 14, which, as in the third situation, results in the recording of the sensor Hcwepa code into the buffer storage unit 15.

pulse from the output of the element And 8 goes to the fourth element And 16, which, as in the third situation, considered in the above situation, leads to writing a substantial counting code in block 15

The pulse from the output of the first element And 8 after passing through the delay element 12 passes the element OR 17 and, as in the third situation, sets the zero content to the trigger 10. Thus, in the fourth situation, the strobe pulse, issued by the synchronizer 1, records the substantial count code in buffer storage unit 15. In this case, the essential counting code is supplied with a sensor number code in the event that at the beginning of the switching period in question, trigger 1 contained a single content,: In addition, trigger 10 is set to It is forced by a delayed gating pulse to the zero state. Once during the full polling period of all the sensors, at the beginning of the switching period of the parameters of a specific sensor (for example, the first), synchronizer 1 gives an impulse to form a marker. This pulse is applied at the time of the absence of a gating pulse. It passes the element OR 17 and sets zero in trigger 10. In addition, the pulse of the formation of the marker is supplied to the shaper 18, after which it generates a frame marker transmitted for recording in block 15. Recording after a strictly fixed period of time equal to the period between two polls of one sensor, the code of the frame marker different from the codes essential counts or sensor numbers, allows for the recovery of time from measuring significant counts. Since the unit is recorded in the trigger 10 only in the first situation — the excess count is on the active channel, and the setting to zero occurs after any entry (a marker or significant count, a significant count on the active channel is supplied with the sensor number code only if the active channel was oversampled, and after that not a single record in the buffer memory block 15 was made. The codes recorded in block 15 were read into the communication channel with the receiving side. The read frequency was constant and about is limited by the frequency of read pulses entering the buffer block 15 of synchronizer memory 1. The reading order of the samples coincides with the recording order. The missing sensor numbers of active channels can be easily recovered on the receiving side. If you mark the numbers of sensors of active channels (in order of increasing them) ) as a. (, 02 7 ... Qt-, if on the receiving side immediately after the frame marker a count is taken that is not supplied with the sensor number, this count refers to the sensor with the number. Q. If immediately before the readout, not supplied with the sensor number, the readout is taken, for which the sensor number is L1, it is sufficient to determine the number j, for which the expression aj., Im oj is valid (the choice of the number is always obvious), and the omitted sensor number (Oj) will be restored . In the operation of the device, it is necessary to note two particular cases. The first is the use of the device in systems for which it is possible to change the order of polling sensors, combining, for example, sensors with the highest activity into a sequential polling group. That is, the first particular case covers the field of application of the known device. In this case, similarly to the known, the scheme of the invention can be applied. To do this, it is enough to adjust the block 3 so that at any address it produces a logical unit (high resolution signal) ;. In this case, only the first and fourth situations are possible in the operation of the proposed device, in which the operation of the proposed device fully coincides with the functioning of the known. The second special case is the use of the proposed device in systems for which it is impossible to identify the most active sensors, for example, the activity of the parameters of most sensors is variable. In this case, the probability that samples will be transmitted to the receiving side without an address code is small. Therefore, it is not profitable to encode the channel address code (the sensor number so that the indicated codes do not coincide with the essential counting codes and the marker. This coding requires the introduction of additional bits, the number of which in the considered second particular case exceeds the gain that results from the transmission of some significant samples without a sensor number code. In this case, it is most reasonable to supply each significant count with a sensor number code without any additional bits. However, in this case The proposed device can be used, for which it is sufficient to adjust block 3 so that at any address it produces a logical zero (low, inhibiting signal) at the output. In this case, only the second and third situations are possible in the device, in which all

Significant samples transmitted to the buffer unit 15 are provided with sensor number codes. In this case, after reading the data from block 15, you can obviously eliminate it. from the transmission to the communication channel with the receiving side, additional bits.

Thus, the proposed device for receiving measurement information can be applied to the maximum possible effect in any type of adaptive measurement information systems with quasi-inverse redundancy reduction.

1 ... n

Claims (1)

MEASUREMENT INFORMATION TRANSMISSION DEVICE, comprising a synchronizer, the first output of which is connected to the first input of the channel switch, the second inputs of which are information inputs of the device, the output of the channel switch through the coding unit for measuring information is connected to the first input of the significant sampling unit, the second input of which is connected with the second output of the synchronizer, the third output of the synchronizer is connected to the first inputs of the first and second elements And, the output of the first element And through nt delay is connected to the first input of the first OR element and directly to the first inputs of the third and fourth AND elements, the output of the first OR element is connected to the trigger zero input, the unit setting input of which is connected to the output of the second AND element, the output of the third AND element is connected to . the input of the channel address encoding unit, the output of which is connected to the first input of the buffer memory unit, the second input - with the fourth output of the synchronizer, the fifth output of which is connected to the second input of the first OR element and through the marker code generator - to the second input of the memory buffer unit, the sixth the synchronizer output is connected to the third input of the buffer memory block, the first output of the block of allocation of significant samples is connected to the second input of the first element And through the first inverter with the second input of the second element And, the second minutes _to yield significant separation unit F samples coupled to a second input of the fourth AND gate, the output koto- cerned connected to fourth input buffer memory unit, an output koto- '! cerned is an output device,' characterized in that, 'S to expand the field application of the device, a RAM block, a second inverter, a second OR element and a control bus are introduced into it, the first and second inputs of the RAM block are connected respectively to the control bus and to the first output of the synchronizer, the output of the RAM block with One, _{with the} third input of the second AND gate and via a second inverter to the first input a second OR gate, whose output is connected to the second input of the third AND gate, the second input to the output of the trigger unit.