SU1037905A1 - Fodder preservation method - Google Patents

Abstract

1. METHOD FOR CONSERVING FODDER, including crushing the mass of the corm, loading it into storage, sealing, sealing and saturating it. carbon dioxide by introducing. Neither it is under the layer of mass of feed, that is, that, in order to reduce the loss of feed nutrients, carbon dioxide is introduced in the form of an aerosol with a temperature of -78-80 C. 2 The method according to claim 1. the difference is that the carbon dioxide aerosol is administered at a dose of 0.5–1.5 kg per ton of feed. 9

Description

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The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to the feed preparation, and can be used for the preservation and storage of feed: silage, hay, wet grain, etc.

A known method of preserving feed (green mass, including the use of gaseous carbon dioxide, which is introduced into the storage facility into a preserved ground mass through a submerged perforated tube, connected by means of a hose and a reducer with a steel cylinder filled with liquid carbon dioxide ij. Since carbon dioxide, which is introduced into preserved feeds, is in a gaseous state at ambient temperature and is rapidly mixed with with air, not displaces it from storage, thus, does not stop breathing .rasteny and nutrient losses feed from oxidation by atmospheric oxygen and de telnosti Junk E kroflory.

.The release of carbon dioxide gas from steel cylinders is limited in time due to its gasification only due to heat coming from the environment through the walls of the cylinder. This method is cumbersome and unsafe due to high pressure (70-80 atm of carbon dioxide in steel cylinders.

There is also known a method of preserving feed, including grinding the feed mass, loading it into storage, sealing, sealing and saturating it with carbon dioxide, and introducing it under the lower layer of the paste. . Carbon dioxide is introduced in a heated gaseous state from heated steel cylinders, where it is under high 65 75 kgf / cm pressure in a liquid state 2.

Such a method can be used only for processing small amounts of food, and the heating of cylinders is unsafe, increases the cost of canning, and the known method does not reduce the loss of nutrients of the food during storage, which is why it is not widely used.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce nutrient losses in the process of preserving and storing feeds and improving their quality.

The goal is achieved by the fact that according to the method of canning, which includes grinding

mass of feed, loading into storage, sealing, sealing and saturating it with carbon dioxide by introducing it under the lower layer of the mass of feed; carbon dioxide is introduced in the form of an aerosol with a temperature of -78-80 ° C in the amount of 0.5-1.5 kg per 1 ton feed.

Carbon dioxide inlet is carried out from an isothermal tank, where it is in a liquid state at 35-40 ° C, under a layer of compacted feed through a perforated pipe collector. Due to the decrease in pressure below the state

5 ternary points C P 4.28 kg / cm) carbon dioxide passes into the aerosol state and its temperature decreases to 79 ° C,

Carbon dioxide aerosol released from the collector quickly and completely displaces the air from the stored mass of the feed and is absorbed by the latter, lowering the temperature. Carbon dioxide is let in at the rate of

5 0.5 kg per ton of feed, with

This concentration of carbon dioxide reaches 80-90% and is automatically maintained at a predetermined level using a gas analyzer during the canning process. Carbon dioxide aerosol inlet with a temperature of -78-80 ° C to the injected mass is accompanied by its rapid cooling, cessation of metabolic processes in it, the suppression of undesirable microflora activity and, consequently, the reduction of nutrient losses in the process of preserving feed and improving their quality.

In tab. 1 shows the loss of nutrients in the silage of corn in different ways.

T person 1

22.7

19.2

17.8 17, 0

19.0

16.05

Continued table. one

10.4

9.0

Table 2 shows the nutrient losses during the harvesting of alfalfa haylage from various methods.

Table 2 12.1 13.8 12.1 8.2 10.1 10.16, 2 1.2 8jO

The drawing shows a diagram of a silage green mass storage system using an aerosol of carbon dioxide that implements the proposed method.

The processing of feed is as follows.

In the ground storage, equipped with a concrete bottom 1, brick walls 2 and a collector 3 of perforated pipes, a layer of straw 4 with a thickness of 0.5-0.7 m is placed, and then the ground fermented mass 5 is laid onto the solo layer 1 and compacted.

The folded and compacted green mass is covered with a polymeric film 6, and on the latter a layer of wet straw 7 is placed, on which rye or wheat is sown to germinate and fix the straw.

The valves of the isothermal tank 8 connect the hoses 9 to the exhaust valve 10, which provides the release of liquid and gaseous

0 carbon dioxide in the perforated manifold 3, which automatically maintains the set pressure in the isothermal reservoir B (in the range of 8-12 kg / cm).

five

The degree of saturation of the silage mass is controlled by gas analysis,

6.75 11 by means of intake tubes 12. At the same time, the concentration of carbon dioxide during saturation is maintained within 80-90%. In time

0 storage of feed, the concentration of carbon dioxide is maintained within 8–20% automatically, by means of a gas analyzer 11 and an actuator (solenoid valve) 13.

Example 1. At the bottom of the tank a collector was laid from pipes whose ends were brought to the surface and connected to a vessel. A green mass was loaded into the container, “each layer 1 m thick after compaction was treated with carbon dioxide aerosol in an amount of 0.5 kg per 1 ton of feed. After filling the container with green mass and finally sealing it from above, it was covered with plastic wrap. At the top of the film, a layer of solo l was laid, 6 m thick, on which wheat was sown. Subsequently, taking into account the indicator of the gas analyzer, a constant content of carbon dioxide of 80–90% was maintained by repeated processing. After 3-4 months, the mas5 sa is ready to be fed. I.

Example 2. Was laid corn silage in the amount of 6000 tons, which was treated with an aerosol of carbon dioxide.

0

Total spent 9 tons of carbon dioxide, which amounted to about 1.5 kg of carbon dioxide per 1 ton of feed.

Thus, a feed was obtained containing,%: water 81.45 dry substances 18.55; ash 1.23; fat 0.49; nitrogen 0.347; protein 2.17; fiber 4.27; BEV 10.39; Ca 0.143; P 0.038, ammonia 45, -86, and carotene 17.99 mg / kg, titrated acid 37.4 / lactic acid 1.66 and acetic acid (free 1.14, combined 0.02) with a ratio of lactic and acetic acids 58.8: 41.2; pH 3.72. Oil on acid is absent. 5 The proposed method ensures the safety of nutrients in the feedstuff, notepH is significantly reduced compared to the known method 1037905 when treating feed with carbon dioxide. In addition, full Lerod safety is ensured.

Claims (1)

. 1. METHOD FOR CONSERVATION OF FEED / including grinding the mass of feed, loading into the storage, compaction, sealing and saturation thereof. carbon dioxide by introducing-. its under the lower layer of the feed mass, which is due to the fact that, in order to reduce the loss of feed nutrients, carbon dioxide is introduced in the form of an aerosol with a temperature of -78-80 ° С. '2. Pop Method one,. characterized in that the carbon dioxide aerosol is administered at a dose of 0.5, 1.5 kg per 1 ton of feed.