SU1024485A1 - Reactor for preparing carbon black - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A SOZHI PRODUCER REACTOR, containing sequentially installed and connected a vertical reaction chamber with axially supplied raw material supply means and air supply channels with radial inlet portions made in the horizontal plane of the cylindrical part of the chamber chamber with means for quenching carbon black products, characterized in that, in order to increase the yield of low carbon black, the output part of the air supply channels is made under glom 40-5 (7 to the axis of the input radial part of the canal-BOV. 2. Reactor according to claim 1, about 1 to 5 with the diameter of the horizontal chamber being 0.4-0.6 times the diameter parts of the reaction chamber. 3. The reactor according to claims 1 and 2, about t and i g is due to the fact that in the reaction chamber (a hole chamber, additional channels are made in the horizontal plane at a distance of 0.3-0.5 times the diameter of the cylindrical parts of the reaction chamber from the plane of the main row of air channels.

Description

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The invention relates to reagents for the production of carbon black by thermal decomposition of liquid hydrocarbons and can be used to produce furnace low carbon blacks with a large particle size used as the strength of your filler in the manufacture of tires and rubber products. . A reactor is known for producing a low-grade dispersed soot containing successively installed and connected by a vertical reaction. Ui i chamber with an axial nozzle for feeding raw materials, an additional row of filaments. nozzles at an angle of 35 relative to the axis of the reactor, installed in the conical part of the reaction chamber, and tangential burners for feeding combustion products, installed in several rows at equal distances from each other, equal to 0.61 of the diameter of the cylindrical part of the reaction chamber, and the horizontal chamber with with a diameter of 0.36 of the diameter of the cylindrical part of the reaction chamber, means for quenching carbon black products installed in the lower part of the vertical chamber 12

The disadvantage of this reactor is a large number of openings for the introduction of the combustion product fuel, weakening the vertical part of the lining of the reactor, since the openings for the passage of combustion products with a high temperature must be large. Tangential entry of combustion products is not necessary. furnace required turbulence axi-; total flow of hydrocarbons. The resulting soot has a high content of undecomposed hydrocarbons on the surface of the particles. To eliminate this, it will be necessary to increase the dimensions of the reactor. The conical part of the lining of the reactor is unstable and weakened by the nozzles for installing the nozzles, which weakens the lining as a whole, shortening its hearing time, would decrease the productivity of the reactor.

The closest technical solution to the invention is a carbon black production reactor containing a series-mounted and one connected vertical reaction chamber with raw material supply means installed axially and radial channels for supplying air formed in the walls of the cylindrical part of the chamber in a horizontal plane, and horizontal cylindrical combi chamber with hardening agents for carbon black products t 3

A disadvantage of the known constructions is the targeted production of electrically conductive soot with a rough surface and high dispersion and an insufficiently high yield (about 40% of the raw material). The air flow to the base of the raw plume creates conditions for the combustion of a part of the raw material immediately at the exit of the sprayed raw material from the nozzle. Moreover, more than 63% of the total air is supplied to the base of the torch. This means that all raw materials are not only heated to a high temperature, but also partially pyrolyzed with the release of highly dispersed soot.

The reactor does not allow other types of soot with a higher yield to be obtained. Furthermore, the air supply from the bottom through the annular opening cannot provide a good dispersion of the raw material. For this reason, large droplets of it are separated and fall out of the total flow to the walls of the reactor, coking. The supply of air and raw materials through the lower end wall of the reactor makes it difficult to burn coke, and this operation will require an additional large amount of raw materials, which further reduces the yield and technical and economic indicators of the process as a whole.

The aim of the invention is to increase the yield of low carbon black.

The goal is achieved by the fact that the reactor contains sequentially installed and connected vertical reaction chamber with means for feeding raw materials, installed axially, and channels for supplying air with radial inlet and outlet parts with an angle of 40-50 to the axis of the radial part of the channels made in the walls the cylindrical part of the chamber in the horizontal plane, and the horizontal cylindrical chamber with quenching means are carbon black; the outlet part of the air supply channels is made at an angle of the axis of the inlet parts of the channels.

In addition, the diameter of the horizontal chamber is additionally 0.4-0.6 times the diameter of the cylindrical part of the reaction chamber.

At the same time, air channels are additionally made in the reaction chamber in a horizontal plane at a distance of 0.3-0.5 times the diameter of the cylindrical part of the reaction zone from the plane of the main row of air cannons.

To create the required flow turbulization in the reaction zone in order to increase the yield of low-active (low-dispersive) soot, it was proposed to introduce air through the channels, the output part of which is made at an angle of 40-50 to the axis of the radial entrance part of the channel.

Entering air into the reaction chamber at an angle of less than 4 (g causes the required turbulization of the liquid hydrocarbon stream to not be achieved. In a large-diameter reactor, in this case, the rotational motion is in a shape close to the cyclone flow. This rotational motion in the reaction zone of the reactor only captures axial flows of raw materials In this case, the soot obtained has a high optical density; its output from the raw material is reduced. Performing the output part of the channel at an angle of more than 50 to the axis of the radial part. leads to the destruction of the flow of liquid hydrocarbons: turbulent rotation of the flow is disturbed, the temperature in the local zone of the reactor sharply increases due to the intensive mixing of air flows and raw materials directed to each other, with a sharp increase in the dispersion of soot and a decrease in output. the reactor is at an angle of 45 to the diameter of the reaction chamber in order to excite the rotational motion of the flare core of the sprayed liquid hydrocarbons, so that the air must not be supplied the root of the liquid carbon torch is hydrogenose, and at a distance of at least 0.4-0.7 of the diameter of the reaction zone (d), which ensures a uniform temperature distribution in the upper part of the reaction chamber of the reactor. This is due to the fact that the vertical reaction chamber is intended to preheat and evaporate the raw material for the pyrolysis of hydrocarbons and the growth of carbon black particles. To obtain higher soot yields from the feedstock due to a more complete pyrolysis of hydrocarbons in the reaction portion of the reactor, further uniform distribution of the temperature floor throughout the entire facility, in the entire vertical portion of the reaction space of the reactor, is necessary. These conditions are achieved by providing additional air inlet into the reaction zone at a distance of 0.3-0.5 d, from the first row (cca) at an angle of the axis of the radial portion of the air channels. Such a constructive solution ensures the formation of soot in the upper reactionary part of the reactor in the zone of the first air inlet and at the same time the presence of non-carbonated hydrocarbons, the contact of which with particles of soot leads to an increase in the latter due to thermal catalytic processes. Additional air intake raises the temperature of the medium due to the combustion of part of the hydrocarbons, accelerates thermal catalytic processes, ensuring the growth of soot particles and the complete decomposition of hydrocarbons, increasing the yield of low dispersed soot. The second series of additional air inlet channels is located at a distance of 0.3-0.5 d (diameter of the cylindrical part of the reaction chamber) from the main belt. Moving it over a distance of less than 0.3 of the diameter (d) leads to a sharp rise in temperature in this zone, an intensive process of soot formation, the growth zone of soot particles decreases, soot has a high specific surface area. Shifting the entry point over a distance of more than 0.5 of the diameter (d.) Of the reaction chamber downstream of the gases results in soot with an increased optical density, coking of the reactor, and a decrease in the yield. The narrowing of the diameter of the reaction channel (d2) to sizes of 0.3-0.5 d in the lower vertical part of the reactor is due to the requirement of production technology to enhance the pipelization of the gas stream in order to accelerate the final stage of thermal catalytic pyrolysis. The absence of this constriction leads to soot with high optical density and partial loss of raw materials due to incomplete decomposition of hydrocarbons. The horizontal reactor chamber is designed to soot soot at 1100-1200 ° C in order to thermally decompose the hydrocarbons remaining on the surface of the soot particles. In the horizontal chamber of the reactor, the soot-gas mixture is quenched by injecting water in a finely divided state through mechanical water jet nozzles. These nozzles are installed in front of the scrubber in the holes made in the lining of the reactor. The diameter of the horizontal chamber (dj) of the reactor must be at least 0.4 of the diameter (d) of the reaction chamber (in the air inlet zone). Reducing the diameter of the horizontal chamber of the reactor to less than 0.4 d leads to a significant increase in resistance, requires the use of high-pressure blowing tools, which reduces technical and economic efficiency. The increase in the diameter of the horizontal chamber of the reactor more than 0.6 d (diameter of the reaction chamber) leads to a decrease in speed, loss of soot in the horizontal section of the reactor, clogging it and reducing the output of soot. FIG. 1 shows the reactor section; in fig. 2 shows a section A-A in FIG. The reactor contains a metal body 1 with a refractory lining 2 a reactor cover 3, which is cooled by air discharged into the reactor, a vertical reaction chamber 4 connected to a horizontal chamber 5. A low-pressure air collector (not shown) fits the reactor with first and second rows air lines, which are fed into the channels made in the lining of the reactors and consisting of the input radial part 6 and you; the code part 7 made at an angle of 40-50 to the axis of the radial part 6 of the channel (Fig. 2). reactor cover 3 Along the axis, a raw material source 8 is installed in the pipe 9. To heat the iropa, a furnace 10 is installed. The process is hardened with water through an iodine nozzle 11. The reactor works as follows: The raw material axial nozzle 8 is heated (up to 230 -250 C) liquid hydrocarbons in the upper cylindrical part of the reaction chamber 4, where Sa is due to high temperature (created by the furnace 10, the finely divided raw material is evaporated, partially polymerized and subjected to thermal decomposition. Then, the flow is removed with air flows into the air channels through the pc1dial part b and the 7th part at an angle of 40-45 ° to the axis of the radial part. In this zone of the reaction chamber, part of the hydrocarbon feedstock and high temperature pyrolysis and the growth of soot particles occur. Additional air channels located in the same horizontal plane, located at a distance of 0.4-0.6 times the diameter of the cylindrical part of the reaction chamber (3), introduce air from the plane of the main row (s) of the air channels. In this zone, part of the hydrocarbons are burned to maintain a temperature of 1200-1280 ° C, which ensures the required rate and depth of pyrolysis of the undecomposed part of the hydrocarbon feedstock. Then, the flow of gases and soot enters the constriction of the vertical chamber 4 with a diameter (dy) of 0.3-0.5 d, where due to the narrowing lining transition, flow turbulization occurs, the mixing of parallel flows improves the contact of soot particles with the remaining hydrocarbons, accelerating thermocataltic pyrolysis and particle growth. Then, the flue gas: the yy stream from the vertical unit 1 of the reactor. And enters the horizontal 5, where thermal decomposition of hydrocarbons occurs, which are scattered on the surface of the soot particles. At the end of this chamber, water is installed on the mechanical action nozzle 11 for quenching the carbon black mixture. From the horizontal chamber 5 of the reactor the soot-gas stream enters a B scrubber (not shown) where the reaction products are cooled to 250-280 ° C and the stream enters the soot trapping apparatus. The table shows the parameters of the soot production process in the proposed reactor and in the known and yield and properties data soot.

Raw material consumption (thermogas oil) kg / g

513

Total air consumption, 1680

Including: air on the spraying of raw materials, MV4

of air

radially:

616

1 under, m v

3500

3500

3500

3500

8700

8700

8700

8700

The parameters of the process in a known manner

In 1 poks at an angle of 4

air in additional on with

Te Sherypa in the reaction zone, C 12761684

40

Soot yield, May,%

Specific surface, 150-270

Oil number, ml / OO g

Optical density of gasoline extract

For the implementation of the method, the proposed reactor design was used with the following sizes sd 4340 mm, height of the vertical part of the reactor 11950 th, air channels of the main row (space) are located at a distance of 384 mm from the outlet nozzle, additional air channels are located at a distance of 1736 mm from the main row of yes (Ca) air channels, d 1700 mm, - C 1740 mm.

From the table it can be seen that the displacement of the air inlet channels relative to the indicated distances in addition, leads to a change in the properties of soot, a decrease in the yield and productivity of the reactor. Offset air intake up to mainstream Continued Table

Offset channels for introducing air in the proposed reactor at a distance

0.1 J Oh,

0.5 O, 5700

5700

5700 3000 3000 3000

1200 60

1200 65

1200 65

14.7

15.2

15.0

92.4 96

93

1.5

0.00

0.00

su for a distance of 0.1 d, leads to an increase in specific surface area, a decrease in yield by 6.3% and a decrease in reactor productivity by 9.78,

5 A shift of 0.7 d results in an increase in the optical density of soot, a loss of raw material, a decrease in the yield of soot by 4.3% and a decrease in productivity of 6.6%. In addition,

In all cases, the resulting product does not meet the requirements of GOST Soot in terms of the specific surface area and optical density of the gasoline extract, which

5 is unacceptable for the proposed soot type.

The harmful reactor has been operating without repair for more than 2.5 years.

Claims (4)

1. REACTOR FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SOOT, containing in series mounted and connected. A vertical reaction chamber with a means for supplying raw materials mounted axially, and channels for supplying air with radial inlet parts made in the walls of the cylindrical part of the chamber in a horizontal plane, and a horizontal cylindrical chamber with means for quenching soot-and-gas products, characterized in that, in order to increase the yield of inactive soot, the output part of the air supply channels is made at an angle of 40-5 ( 1 to the axis of the input radial part of the channels. 2. The reactor according to π. 1, with the fact that the diameter of the horizontal chamber is 0.4-0.6 of the diameter of the cylindrical part of the reaction chamber. 3. The reactor according to paragraphs. 1 and 2, which is characterized by the fact that in the reaction chamber, additional air channels are made in the horizontal. plane at a distance of 0.3-0.5 diameter of the cylindrical part of the reaction chamber from the plane of the main g of a number of air channels. b 4 ^ Οι ί