SU1004671A1 - Pneumatic vibration exciter - Google Patents

Description

(54) PNEUMATIC VIBRATOR

The invention relates to vibratory devices using a pressurized working medium and can be used as a drive for transport and technological devices, such as vibratory feeders for discharging bulk materials from containers, knocking out grates in the foundry industry, vibrating plates for forming concrete products, concentration tables, vibratory grinders etc. Such devices are used in mining, construction, mechanical engineering, mineral processing, agriculture and other industries. Known pneumatic vibration exciter comprising a base, a movable element forming with the base at least one chamber in communication with a source of compressed air, and a hollow ring valve of elastic material installed in the chamber and fixed to the base, and the valve cavity communicated with a source of compressed air 1 A disadvantage of the known device is the difficulty of manufacturing the annular valve joint, the need to carefully connect the nipple with the valve, the limited possibilities of adjusting amplitudes of. The purpose of the invention is to expand the range of regulation. This goal is achieved by the fact that, in a pneumatic vibration exciter comprising a base, a movable element forming with the base at least one chamber in communication with a source of compressed air and a hollow ring valve of elastic material installed in the chamber and fixed on the base, the valve cavity communicated with a source of compressed air, the annular valve is installed in the chamber with the formation of external and internal cavities, with the external and internal cavities communicating with each other through an annular valve, and external cavity communicated with the atmosphere. The annular valve forms with the base at least one permanently closed chamber. In addition, the annular valve in cross-section may have a droplet-shaped form, the expanded part of which is located on the side of the movable element, and the inner surface of the base and the movable element at the valve installation site is made conical, with the valve attached to the conical part of the base. The annular valve may be made of two parts interconnected. FIG. shows a single-dimensional vibration exciter of kinematic excitation; in fig. 2 - single-chamber vibration exciter; in fig. 3 - two-chamber vibration exciter. dynamic excitation; in fig. 4 - an exciter with a drop-shaped valve shape; on the left half of the drawing, there are parts of the exciter at the beginning of the working stroke and a valve, and on the right part - at the end of the working stroke and a valve made of two parts; in fig. 5 - vibration exciter with a valve made of two parts. The vibration exciter comprises a base 1, a movable element 2, a chamber 3 communicated with a source of compressed air 4, an annular valve 5 whose cavity 6 is connected to a source of compressed air 7, an external cavity 8, an internal cavity 9, openings 10 for communication and atmosphere , elastic ring And, shock-absorbing pads 12 and 13, suspension 14. The vibration exciter kinematic excitation (Fig. 1) works as follows. Compressed air of a certain pressure is supplied from the source 7 of compressed air into the cavity 6 of valve 5. Then from the source 4, the compressed air is less than the pressure of air from the source 7, in order to avoid cm 5, is fed into the internal cavity 9. Under the action of pressure in cavity 9, the movable element 2 moves up and behind it to a certain height determined by the elastic forces on the material J to move the valve 5. After the elastic tension of the annular valve 5 and the pressure of the compressed air in the prival valve and 6 equilibrated, the valve is lifted, the oscillating element 2 is detached from the valve, an annular gap is formed through which the compressed air enters the cavity 8 and then through the opening 10 into the atmosphere. The position of the parts at this moment is shown in the right half of FIG. 1. At the same time, the pressure of compressed air in chamber 3 is sharply reduced, the movable element 2 under the action of its own weight falls on the base 1 and presses the ring valve 5. The position of the parts at this moment is shown in the left half of FIG. 1. Cavity 9 closes, the pressure in it grows to the mains, the cycle repeats. The vibration exciter shown in FIG. 2, operates as described above, the difference is that the core 2 performs the role of the core connected to the base 1 by means of the suspension 14. When bringing the single-chamber dynamic exciter to the work of the source 7, compressed air is supplied to the submapped chamber 3, then from the source 4 compressed air of lesser pressure into the cavity 9. The movable element 2, elastically deforming the suspension 14, moves up and up to a certain height followed by the valve 5. after separation from the valve 5, the compressed air through the aperture Tie 10 is removed to the atmosphere, and movable element 2 continues to move for a while before striking the gasket 13. The blow is transmitted to the object being processed. The position of the parts at this moment is shown in the right half of FIG. 2. Since the cavity 9 is at this moment communicated with the atmosphere, the compressed air does not exert pressure on the movable element 2, it falls under the action of its own weight on the gasket 12 through which the impact is transmitted to the object being processed. Moving element 2 presses the ring valve 5, closes cavity 9, the pressure in it increases, the cycle repeats. Thus, the oscillations of the moving element 2 are transmitted to the object being processed by striking the spacers. 12 and 13, as well as through the suspension 14. A two-chamber dynamic exciter (Fig. 3) works as follows: Compressed air from source 7 is supplied to the subvallate cavities 6, and then from source 4 to cavity 9. The moving element elastically deforms the suspension 14, moves upward and up to a certain height, the lower ring valve 5 rises behind it. At the end of the upward stroke, the movable element 2 comes into contact with the upper valve 5, closes the upper cavity 9. After the movable element 2 is detached from the lower valve 5, the compressed air is flushes the opportunity to fill the cavity 8 and 9. At this time, the movable member hits the gasket 13, peredayuschiys processed object. The position of the parts is shown in the right half of FIG. 3. Compressed air through channel 15 enters the upper cavity 9. Since the area of the movable element 2 from the upper cavity 9, which is affected by compressed air, is larger than the area from the lower cavity 9, when moving the movable element 2 down to the weight of the movable temperature 2, a pressure force of compressed air is added, which accelerates the movement of the movable element 2. When the movable element 2 moves downward, the valve 5 moves for some time, then the element 2 comes off. an annular gap is formed for the release of compressed air into the atmosphere through the opening 10. The pressure in the upper cavity 9

falls, the movable element 9 rests on the gasket 12, closes the lower cavity 9, the next cycle begins.

The vibration exciter shown in FIG. 4 and 5 works in the same way as described above, the difference is in the form of valve 5.

The vibration exciter in FIG. 4 has a valve 5 with a drop-shaped form. This form of valve 5 allows the exciter to operate from a single source of compressed air, i.e. compressed air into the cavity 9 and into the cavity 6 is supplied under the same pressure. The valve can be made from one or two parts and is attached to the base in its conical part.

 The advantage of these exciters is the possibility of smooth remote control of the amplitude of oscillations by varying the pressure in the subvalvular cavities 6. Valve 5 should be made of an airtight material that works well for stretching, for example, of rubber. These exciters allow you to set the optimum mode of operation, reduce the consumption of compressed air, eliminate unnecessary dynamic loads, and expand the scope of application of pneumatic pneumatic exciters.

Claims (4)

1. A pneumatic vibration exciter comprising a base, a movable element forming with the base at least one chamber in communication with a source of compressed air, and a hollow ring valve of elastic material installed in the chamber and fixed on the base, with the valve cavity 5 communicating with a source of compressed air, characterized in that, in order to extend the control range, the ring valve is installed in the chamber with the formation of external and internal cavities, with the external and internal cavities O communicated with each other through the annular valve, and the external cavity communicated with the atmosphere. 2. The vibration exciter according to claim 1, characterized in that the annular valve forms 5 with a base of at least one permanently closed chamber. 3. Vibrovozbuditel on PP. 1 and 1, characterized in that the annular valve in cross section has a drop-like shape, an extended part of which is located 0 from the side of the movable element, and the inner surface of the base and the movable element at the installation site of the valve is made conical, with the valve attached to the conical part of the base. 4. Vibrovozboditel on PP. 1 and 3, characterized in that the annular valve is made of two parts interconnected. Sources of information, Q taken into account in the examination 1. USSR author's certificate No. 530963, cl. F 15 B 21/12, 1976. f 15 f 65 94 13 11 10 2 5 9 (/ J fig.i / X J / 7 FIG. 56 7