SU1001962A1

SU1001962A1 - Apparatus for dehydrating petroleum

Info

Publication number: SU1001962A1
Application number: SU813347120A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Александр Николаевич Степаненко; Винмар Васильевич Папко; Георгий Митрофанович Панченков
Priority date: 1981-10-23
Filing date: 1981-10-23
Publication date: 1983-03-07

Description

Изобретение относится к устройствам для разрушения эмульсий типа вода в масле и может найти применение при обезвоживании и обессоливании водонефтяных эмулвсий, а также при обезвоживании углеводородных сред. 5The invention relates to devices for the destruction of emulsions of the type water in oil and may find application in the dehydration and desalting of oil-water emulsions, as well as in the dehydration of hydrocarbon media. 5

Известен электродегидратор, состоящий из корпуса, тангенциального подающего патрубка, внутреннего высокопотенциального электрода в виде цилиндрической или конической трубы, наружного ¹⁰заземленного электрода в виде ступенчатой или конической трубы, патрубков выхода нефти и воды [ 1Known electric dehydrator, consisting of a housing, a tangential feed pipe, an internal high potential electrode in the form of a cylindrical or conical pipe, an external ¹⁰ grounded electrode in the form of a stepped or conical pipe, oil and water outlet pipes [1

Недостаток данной конструкции, в которой отделение воды от нефти осушествля— ^,sется за счет центробежных сил, заключается в необходимости создания большого перепада давлений на выходе и входе установки для того, чтобы скорость движения эмульсии' в межэлектродном про- ²⁰странстве была значительной.The disadvantage of this design in which the separation of water from oil osushestvlya-, ^s etsya due to centrifugal forces, is the need to create a large pressure drop at the exit and entrance of the installation in order to speed emulsion "was significant in the interelectrode space ²⁰ pro-.

Наиболее близким по технической супьности и достигаемому результату являет— ся устройство для обезвоживания нефти, включающее корпус, патрубки нефти и вывода нефти и воды, вертикальные низкопотенциальные электроды и высокопотенциальные электроды с изоляцией, образующие между собой лабиринтный канал с нисходящими и восходящими участками [2 УThe closest technical suprany and the achieved result is a device for oil dehydration, including a housing, oil pipes and oil and water outlet, vertical low-potential electrodes and high-potential electrodes with insulation, which form a labyrinth channel with descending and ascending sections [2 U

Недостатком данного устройства является возможность повторного диспергирования укрупнившихся капель воды, поскольку в момент изменения направления потока от вертикального вверх к вертикальному вниз отделения укрупнившихся капель воды не происходит, а размер их может оказаться близким к критическому.The disadvantage of this device is the possibility of re-dispersing enlarged drops of water, since at the moment of changing the direction of the flow from vertical up to vertical downward separation of enlarged drops of water does not occur, and their size may be close to critical.

Цепь изобретения — повышение качества процесса электрообезвоживания за счет снижения вероятности повторного диспергирования капель дисперсной фазы в электрическом поле.The chain of the invention is improving the quality of the electric dehydration process by reducing the likelihood of re-dispersing droplets of the dispersed phase in an electric field.

С этой целью устройство для обезвоживания нефти, включающее корпус, патрубки, высокопотенциальные и низкопо тенциальные электроды, снабжено экранирующими пластинами,' размещенными на вы сокопотенциальных электродах со стороны восходящих участков лабиринтного канала и электрически соединенными с ₅низкопотенциальными электродами.For this purpose, a device for oil dehydration, including a housing, nozzles, high potential and low potential electrodes, is equipped with shielding plates placed on high potential electrodes from the side of the ascending sections of the labyrinth channel and electrically connected to ₅ low potential electrodes.

На чертеже изображено устройство для обезвоживания нефти.The drawing shows a device for dehydration of oil.

Устройство для обезвоживания состоит из корпуса 1, патрубка 2 ввода нефти, ю низкопотенциальных электродов 3, изоляторов 4, высокопотенциальных электро»» дов 5, патрубков 6 вывода нефти, экранирующих пластин 7, патрубков 8 вывода воды, перфорированной перегородки 9. 15The dewatering device consists of a housing 1, an oil inlet pipe 2, low potential electrodes 3, insulators 4, high potential electrodes 5, oil outlet pipes 6, shielding plates 7, water outlet pipes 8, and a perforated partition 9. 15

Электроды 3 и 5 образуют лабиринтный канал 10 с восходящими 11 и нисходящими 12 участками.The electrodes 3 and 5 form a labyrinth channel 10 with ascending 11 and descending 12 sections.

Устройство работает следующим образом.The device operates as follows.

Обрабатываемая эмульсия по патрубку 2, двигаясь в вертикальном направлении вниз, поступает в зону электрического поля, формируемого электродом 3 и высокопотенциальным центральным электро- .25 дом 5. Капли дисперсной фазы эмульсии укрупняются в электрическом поле. В момент выхода из канала эмульсионный поток меняет направление движения на противоположное и укрупнившиеся капли зд воды за счет центробежных сип выбрасываются из зоны электродов» При движении потока вверх электрическое поле не накладывается на эмульсию, поскольку правая и левая часть канала электрически соединены между собой. В результате укрупнения капель дисперсной фазы при движении потока вертикально вверх не происходит» После изменения направле( ния потока на противоположное эмульсия вновь обрабатывается в электрическом поле и в нижней части канала осуществляется выброс укрупнившихся капель воды из узла электродов. <The processed emulsion through pipe 2, moving in the vertical direction downward, enters the zone of the electric field formed by the electrode 3 and the high-potential central electric .25 house 5. The droplets of the dispersed phase of the emulsion are enlarged in the electric field. At the moment of exit from the channel, the emulsion flow reverses the direction of movement and enlarged water droplets are ejected from the electrode zone due to centrifugal sipes. ”When the flow moves upward, the electric field does not overlap the emulsion, since the right and left parts of the channel are electrically interconnected. As a result of enlargement of droplets, the dispersed phase does not occur when the flow moves vertically upwards. ”After changing the direction (flow direction to the opposite emulsion, it is again processed in an electric field and larger droplets of water are ejected from the electrode assembly in the lower part of the channel. <

Основываясь на результатах лабораторных исследований можно утверждать, что предлагаемый аппарат позволит на .5-10% увеличить производительность потока по сравнению с трехходовым электродегидратором. Прирост продукции в денежном вы-Ч ражении составит 10-20 тыс.руб. на 1 млн. тонн подготовленной нефти.Based on the results of laboratory studies, it can be argued that the proposed device will allow .5-10% to increase the flow rate compared to a three-way electric dehydrator. The increase in production in monetary terms will amount to 10–20 thousand rubles. per 1 million tons of prepared oil.

Claims

(54) OIL DECOMPOSITION DEVICE The invention relates to devices for the destruction of water-in-oil emulsions and can be used for dewatering and desalting of oil-water emulsions, as well as for dehydrating hydrocarbon media. A known electrode dehydrator consisting of a housing, a tangential supply nozzle, an internal high potential electrode in the form of a cylindrical or conical pipe, an external grounded electrode in the form of a stepped or conical pipe, and oil and water outlet nozzles. - due to centrifugal forces, it is necessary to create a large differential pressure at the outlet and the entrance of the installation in order for the emulsion speed asv in the electrode to be Om space was significant. The closest in technical supersity and the achieved result is an oil dewatering device, including a housing, oil pipes and oil and water outlets, vertical low-potential electrodes and high-potential electrodes with ozone, forming a labyrinth channel with a descending 5 parts 2} The disadvantage of this device is the possibility of re-dispersing the enlarged water droplets, because at the time of changing the flow from vertical to vertical Downward separation of the enlarged water droplets does not occur, and their size may turn out to be close to critical. The purpose of the invention is to increase the quality of the dehydration process by reducing the likelihood of re-dispersing the dispersed phase droplets in an electric field. For this purpose, the oil dewatering device, which includes the housing, the PE pipe & and high potential and low potential electrodes, is equipped with shielding plates placed on the high potential electrodes on the upward side of the labyrinth and electrically connected to the low potential No. 1 electrodes. The drawing shows an oil dewatering apparatus. The dewatering device consists of body 1, oil inlet 2, low potential:) 1x electrodes 3, insulators 4j high potential electrodes 5. Atrub 6 oil outlets, shield of the total plates 7, branch pipe in 8 outlets B0f№i, perforated 8 Electrodes 3 and 5 form the labyrinth channel 10c at the source of land 11 and descending at 12 yHacTKBMV:. The device works in the following way. The processed emulsion through the pipe 2, moving in a vertical HanpaBJieHHB downwards, enters the zone of the electric field formed by the electrode 3 and the high-potential central electrode 5. At the moment of exit from the channel, the emulsion flow reverses the direction of the displacement and the enlarged water droplets due to centrifugal forces are ejected from the electrodes. When moving the flow upwards, the electric field is not superimposed on the emulsion, because the right side and the left part of the cavity are electrically interconnected. As a result, the droplets of the dispersed phase become degraded when the flow moves vertically: upward does not occur. After changing the flow direction to the opposite, the emulsion is formed in an electric field and the enlarged water droplets are ejected from the electrode assembly in the lower part of the channel. Based on the results of laboratory studies, it can be said that the proposed apparatus will allow a 5–5% increase in the flow rate as compared with a three-way dehydrator. The increase in production in monetary terms will be 10-20 thousand rubles. per 1 million tons of prepared oil. The invention includes a device for oil dehydration, including a housing, oil supply pipes and oil outlets and water, vertical low potential electrodes and high potential electrodes with insulation, forming between themselves a labyrinth channel with descending and ascending sections, characterized in that, in order to increase the degree oil dehydration by reducing re-dispersion, it is equipped with shielding plates placed on high-potential electrodes from the upstream areas of the labyrinth channel and electrically connected to low potential electrodes. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. USSR author's certificate number 625741, cl. O1 D 17/06, 1978.

2. USSR author's certificate number 268385, cl. C 01 Q 33/02, 1967.

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