SU1003870A1 - Apparatus for breaking water oil emulsions - Google Patents

Description

(54) APPROACH TO DESTRUCTION OF WATER-OIL EMULSIONS

The invention relates to devices for the dehydration and desalting of oil and petroleum products and can be used in the oil industry to destroy heavy fractions of oil emulsions under industrial conditions, as well as in the petroleum and petrochemical industry. The closest to the proposed by the technical essence and the achieved result is a device for the destruction of water oil emulsions, including a housing with inlet and outlet connections, coaxial external and internal electrodes 1. Such a device works well when processing light and medium emulsions; Heavy oils that form stable emulsions form an electrical conductor between the electrodes and lead to short circuits, resulting in a short circuit. The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of operation of the device and the efficiency of the process of emulsion destruction. The goal is achieved by the fact that the device for destruction. water-oil emulsions containing a housing with inlet and outlet nozzles of the emulsion, coaxial outer and inner electrodes, the inner electrode is provided with dielectric rings. In addition, the ratio of the height of the ring along the generatrix to the pitch between the rings is 0.6-0.85. The ratio of the difference between the outer and inner diameters of the ring to the distance between the rings is 2-4. In this case, the ratio of the difference between the external and internal diameters of the ring to the distance between the electrodes is 0.2-0.5. The drawing shows a device for breaking water-oil emulsions. The device contains a grounded housing 1, which is an external electrode, with nozzles of input 2 and output 3. Coaxially, the housing is centered on the insulator 4 and the device is installed inside the electrode 5. The insulator 4 is mounted into the flange 6. On the internal electrode, which is a metal pipe or rod, wearing dielectric rings 7. The device operates as follows. The emulsion through the pipe 2 is fed into the space between the electrodes. Moving from top to bottom, the emulsion alternately enters the zones of action and the absence of an electric field created by a current of industrial frequency. The enlarged water droplets, together with oil, leave the coalescence area through patra-side 3 into a septic tank. As is known, the process of emulsion disruption by electric current consists in bringing together 15

water drops before contacting with their subsequent merging with each other. However, when the voltage of the electric field is exceeded, when the emulsion stays in the electric field for a long time, the formation of stable water chains leads to disruption of the technological mode, therefore, the effectiveness of the electric field to destroy the emulsion is due to the time of formation of conductive coagulation chains 0.01-0.2 s. The time required and sufficient for the destruction of the formed coagulation chains, i.e. pause time must be at least 0.05 s.

In the proposed device, these time intervals are created by a certain height of the dielectric rings and the open spaces between them, which are in accordance with the linear flow rate of the emulsion.

The distance between the rings is given by the formula.

2 1 tHM

where I is the linear flow rate of the emulsion

in. cm / s;

the pulse duration., s and the height of the dielectric ring is determined by the formula

2 I-V where tp is the duration of the pause.

For example, an emulsin flow rate in the interelectrode space of 20 cm / s, then to create a pulse with a duration of 0.01 s, it is necessary to set the distance between the rings of 20 cm / s / 0.01 s and 0.2 cm, and the height of the ring (for a time pauses 0.05 s) equal to 20 cm / s; 0.05 sec 1 cm. 5 to

who FIELDS.

An industrial apparatus of this type can be assembled from; standard products manufactured by the industry, in addition to dielectric rings and a supporting insulator, which can be made of cheap plastic material (plastic), for example, caprolon.

Claims (5)

1. A device for breaking water-in-water emulsions containing a housing with emulsion input and output nozzles, coaxial external and internal electrodes, characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability of operation of the device and the efficiency of the process of destruction of the emulsion, the inner electrode is equipped with dielectric rings. 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the height of the ring along the generatrix to the pitch between the rings is 0.6-0.85. 3. The device under item 1, about t l and. h with her so that the ratio of the difference of external and the internal diameter of the ring to the distance between the rings is 2-4. 4. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the difference between the external and internal diameters of the ring to the distance between the electrodes is 0.2-0.5. Sources of information 50 taken into account in the examination 1. US Patent No. 3232860, cl. 204-306, 1966 (prototype). The dependence of the ratio of the distance between the rings and the height of the rings, i.e. the uninsulated portion of the electrode is 0.15-0.4 of the insulated portion. To create a more directed action of the electric field lines, the difference between the outer and inner diameters of the ring (its thickness) must be 2–4 times the distance between the rings, and the ratio of the thickness of the ring to the distance between the electrodes was 0.2-0. 5. The alternation of the pause and the action of the electric field in the destruction of the emulsion in the proposed device is more effective compared with the continuous effect of the electric I: N