SU1001311A1 - Device for charging storage batteries with asymmetric current - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to electrochemical sources of direct current - batteries (AB), namely to pulsed charging devices used to form and charge ABs with an asymmetric current both in stationary conditions and in moving objects.

A device for pulsed AB charging is known, consisting of an alternating current source (IPT) of a current-limiting capacitor and two diodes fl.

This device is characterized by high charge efficiency, but has a relatively low energy transfer rate from IPT to AB and power factor.

It is also known a device for pulsed charge AB containing a current-limiting capacitor, a linear choke and three diodes 2}.

This device is characterized by a relatively high power factor, but its disadvantage is the relatively low rate of energy transfer from IPT to AH.

The closest in technical essence to the present invention is a device for charging the battery

battery asymmetric current, containing two output terminals for connecting an AC source, positive and negative output terminals for connecting to a charged AB, a current-limiting capacitor, one plate of which is connected to one input terminal,

i5 charge-discharge capacitor, one plate of which is connected to the positive output terminal, and two valves, the cathode of the first of which is connected to the positive output terminal, and the anode - to the cathode of the second

15 valve C 31.

The disadvantages of this device are the relatively low rate of energy transfer from the AC source to the AB, the power factor and the voltage applied to the charge-discharge capacitor. All this worsens the specific energy characteristics of the charging device.

25

The purpose of the invention is to improve the specific energy characteristics by increasing the speed of giving energy from an alternating current source to a battery,

30 power factor and voltage. applied to the charge-discharge capacitor. This goal is achieved by the fact that the device for charging the battery with an asymmetric current, contains two input terminals for connecting an AC source, positive and negative output terminals for connecting to a rechargeable battery, and current-limiting condensation. a torus, one plate of which is connected to one input terminal, a charge-capacitor series capacitor, one plate connected to a positive terminal in the input terminal, and two valves, the cathode of the first of which is connected to the positive output terminal, and the anode with . The cathode of the second valve, which is additionally equipped with a linear choke with water from the midpoint of its winding, is connected to the other plate of the current-carrying capacitor, with one end of the winding of the line droplet connected to the negative output terminal and the other end to the free plate of the charge terminal. discharge capacitor and to the anode of the second valve, the cathode of which is connected to the other inlet clamshell. FIG. 1 is a schematic electrical diagram of the proposed device for charging a battery with an asymmetric current; in fig. 2 shows the dependences of the relative voltage Uj.f / U at the output terminals of the proposed SPU device and the prototype device (OL) on the relative number of periods n; in fig. 3 shows the relative voltage on the current-limiting capacitor of the proposed device (PU) and the prototype device (PR) at the end of odd half-periods of the source voltage variation on the relative number of periods n, which show the curves in FIG. 2. The device (Fig. 1) contains two input terminals 1 and 2 for connecting an IPT 3, a positive 4 and a negative 5 output terminals for connecting to a charged AB b, current limiting and charge-discharge capacitors 7 and 8, two diodes 9 and 10 and linear choke 11 with a tap from the middle point of its winding. FIG. Figure 2 shows the relative voltage at the output terminals as a function of the relative number of periods (), where. n is the number of periods of change in the voltage of the dysfunction; С 2Н / Ц is equivalent to the capacity of ABb, calculated from the maximum energy W accumulated in AB at the end of charge, and the voltage U at its output terminals 4 and 5; capacitance of the current-limiting capacitor (explaining the operation and advantages of the proposed device. Fig. 3 shows the dependences of the relative voltage on the current-limiting capacitor (capacitor 7) and Uj-f / U at the end of odd half-periods of the source voltage variation relative to the number of periods n, i.e., Uc7 / U x (r), with n p / (,), explaining the curves in Fig. 3. As the first diode 9 a controlled diode (thyristor) can be applied, the phase control of which can be carried out according to any known scheme described in When describing the operation of the device in Fig. 1, we will assume that the first and subsequent (3,5,7, etc.) are odd half-periods of changing the voltage of IPT 3 (Uo, Uy sincft, where U is the voltage amplitude and ui is the circular frequency of the IPT, t is the time) the potential of the input terminal 1 is higher than the potential of the terminal 2, then in the second and subsequent (4,6,8, etc.) even half-periods of voltage change U IPT the potential of the output terminal 3 above the potential of terminal 1. Suppose that the charge-capacitor capacitance 8 is much less than the current-limiting capacitance capacitor (Cg, " C7) and that the charge of the battery comes from zero voltage, which is true when forming all batteries and charging alkaline batteries after storing them in a closed state. During the odd half-periods of the voltage change of the ИРТ, when the potential of the terminal 1 is higher than the potential of the terminal 2, a resonant frequency occurs (the natural circular frequency of the LCR circuit fSJ is equal to the circular frequency JU of the source (Xv, u;) charging current-limiting capacitor 7 through the lower half winding of the linear throttle 11 source circuit; 3 - terminal 1 - capacitor 7 lower half winding of chokes 4 diode 10 - terminal 2 - source 3 to a certain voltage depending on the initial voltage on the current-limiting capacitor 7 (the voltage on it at the end of the previous when the current in this charging circuit decreases due to the transformer (mutually inductive) connection of the lower half winding of the linear line with its entire winding, the battery is charged by the winding circuit 11 - diode 10 - diode 9 - terminal - AB 6 - terminal 6 doubled in comparison with the EMF in the lower half-winding of the throttles 11. When the current in the lower half-winding of the throttles 11 due to the transformer (inter-induced) connection of the lower half of the windings of the throttles with the entire winding through the charge capacitor 8 and AB b passes depol The AB impulse of the double voltage current compared to the voltage on the lower half winding of the chokes 11 along the circuit is the winding of the chokes 1 - charge capacitor 8 - terminal 4 АБ b - terminal 5 - the windings of the chokes 1 V even half periods of source voltage variation 3, when potential of terminal 2 is higher than potential of terminal 1, current limiting capacitor 7 is connected in series in accordance with IPT 3 and its resonant discharge and recharge occurs (through AB) through circuit source 3 - terminal 2 diode 9 - terminal 4 - AB b - terminal 5 top Drossel half winding 1 1 capacitor 7 - terminal 1 - source 3 to a voltage of another sign, the value of which is determined by the initial voltage on the current-limiting capacitor 7. Resonant discharge and recharge of the current-limiting capacitor 7 occurs because the inductance of the upper half winding of the chokes does not equal 11 to its inductance the semi-winding, and the equivalent capacitance of the AB b C, is much larger than the capacitance C of the current-limiting capacitor 7 (C-), due to which the intrinsic resonant circular frequency U of the described LRC circuit is accurate to the factor (1 + С7 / Сb) in a circular frequency (L changes to direct voltage IPT 3 (ti / c. -SC - Cf). As a result of resonant charges, discharges and recharges of the current-limiting capacitor 7, a resonance buildup of the voltage on its plates and for a relative number of periods n n () O 0.06 occurs, where n is the number of periods, the relative voltage on it (increases by l to maximum U -j / Uyy, 8.9, where Uyy, is the voltage amplitude of IPT 3 (curve PU in Fig. 3). With a further increase in n from 0.07 to 0.18, the relative voltage decreases from 8, 9 to 1. Since the rate of energy transfer from IPT 3 to AB is proportional to the square of the voltage on the current-limiting condensate At 7, in just a relative number of periods n 0.18, as can be seen from the PU curve in Fig. 3, AB b is charged up to the relative voltage C- / and 1.81, which is a little over 90% of the maximum - the possible value of the relative voltage 2. For comparison, with the same ratio of capacitances C / Cj in the prototype charge of AB b to the relative voltage U45 / U 1.81 occurs over a relative number of periods n 2.06 (. The PR in FIG. 2)., Which is explained by the fact that the relative voltage on the current-limiting capacitor 7 of the prototype at the end of odd half-periods will be constant and equal to one (curve CR in FIG. 3). At the same time, in even half-periods of voltage variation of IPT 3 with increasing current of the upper half winding of the line throttle 11 due to its mutual inductance connection with the entire winding through the AB 6 through the circuit the winding of the throttle 11 is a charge-discharge capacitor 8 - terminal 4 - AB 6 - terminal 5 - winding droplets 11; a depolarizing current pulse of double voltage passes as compared with the voltage on the upper semi-winding. In addition, during even half-periods of voltage variation of IPT 3, when the current decreases in the upper half winding of the linear throttle 11, due to its mutual inductance communication with the entire winding of the throttles 11, AB is charged with double voltage compared to the voltage on the upper half winding of the throttles 11 along Circuit winding droplets 11 - diode 10 - diode 9 terminal 4 - AB b - terminal 5 - winding droplets 11. If we assume that the charge of AB 6 to the maximum relative voltage IDER / and and occurs to If81, then as can be seen from a comparison of the curves PU and PR in FIG. 2, the average rate of energy transfer from IPT 3 to AB b, is inversely proportional to the number of charge periods n (charge time) in the proposed SPR / PU device, U, 2, Rev / 0, 4 times greater than in the prototype. And this is with the same equivalent capacitance AB C, and the capacitance of the current-limiting capacitor CT. It should be noted that, to significantly simplify the study, the curves (Figs. 2 and 3) are constructed without taking into account the mutual inductance connections. This is possible, since the mutual inductive connections somewhat increase the rate of energy transfer from IPT 3 to AB b. With an increase in the relative number of periods n 0.18, the relative voltage across the current-limiting capacitor 7 of the proposed device at the end of the odd half-periods of the source voltage changes becomes the same as that of the prototype Up-. 1 and the rate of energy transfer from the IPT to the AB decreases to its value in the prototype with the same relative voltage on the AB, 1.81. Since, in the proposed device, the energy from source 3 (at zero voltage on the battery) is selected over the entire period of the source voltage variation at resonant charge, discharge "and recharging of the limiting capacitor 7 (squash Chu, y 1), and in the prototype - for half of the period (the porosity qijn,, 2), the maximum power factor X is inversely proportional to the square root of the duty cycle in the proposed device (X, “1 / UYaR 1) 1.41 times more than in the prototype (X .707). In view of the fact that AB depolarizing current pulses through a charge-discharge capacitor 8 in the proposed device, unlike the prototype, should be not one but two times during the period of voltage source 3 changing with an average maximum voltage of approximately 6 times greater than in the prototype, even with an increase in the average rate of electrical energy transfer from the alternating current source to the AB by 11.4 times, the capacity of the charge-discharge capacitor 8 can be reduced compared to the prototype by 2, 4 6.4 times, which leads to a decrease in its mass and ma Thus, in the proposed device, the increase in the average rate of transmission of electric energy from IPT 3 to AB is 11.4 times, and the power factor is 1.41 times and the capacity of the charge-discharge capacitor 8 to 6.4 decreases. times compared with the prototype leads to a significant (1.96 times) decrease in the specific gravity and volume of the proposed device in comparison with the prototype and, as a result, to a significant improvement in the specific energy indicators. of the invention. A device for charging an asymmetrical current containing two input terminals for connecting an AC source, a positive and negative output terminals for connecting to a charged battery, a current-limiting capacitor, one plate of which is connected to one input terminal, charge-discharge capacitor, one plate of which is connected to the supply output terminal, and two valves, the cathode of the first of which is connected to the positive output terminal, and the anode - with cat The second valve, in particular, in order to improve the specific energy indicators by increasing the transmission rate of electrical energy from the alternating current source E to the battery and the power factor, it is additionally equipped with a linear choke with a diversion from the midpoint its windings connected to the other plate of the current-limiting capacitor, with one end of the winding of the linear throttle connected to the negative output terminal and the other end of it to the free charge plate condensers and to the anode of the second gate, a cathode is connected to the other input terminal. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. USSR author's certificate number 543089, cl. H 02 J 7/02, 1977. 2. The author's certificate of the USSR in application No. 2944518 / 24-07, cl, H 02 J; 7 / lp, dated June 20, 80 .. 3. The author's certificate of the USSR No. 653681, cl. H 02 J 7/10, 1976.

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Claims (1)

Claim A device for charging a battery with an asymmetric current, containing two input terminals for connecting an AC source, positive and negative output terminals for connecting to a rechargeable battery, a current-limiting capacitor, one lining of which is connected to one input terminal, a charge-discharge capacitor, one lining of which connected to a pro-output terminal, and two valves, the cathode of the first of which is connected to the positive output terminal, and the anode to the cathode of the second vein For example, in order to improve specific energy indices by increasing the rate of transmission of electric energy from an alternating current source to a storage battery and power factor, it is additionally equipped with a linear choke with a tap from the midpoint its windings associated with the other lining of the current-limiting capacitor, with one end of the winding of the linear inductor connected to the negative output terminal, and its other end to the free lining of the charge-discharge capacitor and to a node of the second gate, the cathode of which is connected to another input terminal.