SK972008U1 - Lubrication device of derrick crane travel - Google Patents

Abstract

Lubrication equipment for traveling by rail cranes, in particular bridge or gantry cranes operating at least two mobile mechanisms, whose traveling wheels (4) are provided with guide flanges (41), which are along the rails (5) of the crane track. Grease the device is placed on the crane frame and each flange (41) at least one traversing wheel (4) for each give the crane track (5) at least one a nozzle (311, 321, 331, 341, 351, 361) which is through the splitter (3) lubricant / air mixture connected to the mixer (15) lubricant and air that is connected to the compressor through the station (12) and through the dosing lubrication pump (13) so a lubricant container (14). Nozzles (311, 321, 331, 3413, 351, 361), lubricant / air mixture separator (3), mixer (15) lubricant and air, compressor station (12) and dosing the lubrication pump (T3) with the lubricant reservoir (14) is connected with control and control means.

Description

Technical field

Lubricating device for running cranes, in particular overhead or gantry cranes, comprising at least two running gear, the running wheels of which are provided with guiding flanges which are guided on the rails of the crane track.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In the operation of heavy production halls, bridge cranes are used, the bridge of which moves along the production hall, and a trolley with a rope or chain hoist, so-called. crane cat.

In open spaces of metallurgical material depots, a gantry crane is used as a servicing lifting device, usually traveling on an oval track formed by large gauge rails laid substantially at ground level.

The motor-driven running gear of such cranes is provided with wheels whose substantially cylindrical bumpers touch the upper surface of the rail head, the bumpers in known manner passing into vertical flanges forming an annular ring with which the wheel can be laterally supported on the rail head. This arrangement is common with gantry cranes. However, due to the large track gauge and the flexibility of the crane frame construction, the wheel has flanges on both of its faces, ensuring a safe lateral guiding of the wheel on the rail.

For bridge cranes, the bridge rail usually uses a crane rail profile, and like cranes, a portion of the wheel circumference is essentially a cylindrical surface through which the wheel rolls over the upper horizontal surface of the profile and the two cylindrical faces of the wheel form vertical flanges. . The wheel is thus guided on both sides in the axial direction.

The flange is supported on the side of the rail not only in curved driving, but also in straight driving, with the wheels alternately laterally delineated with respect to the sides of the rail heads or the running profile. Relative relative movement of the flange side and the respective rail side or running profile occurs relative to each other. The resulting friction shortens the life of the wheel flanges and the life of the rails. This problem is particularly evident when operating a overhead crane with a crane cat running along the hall near one end of the bridge, or with gantry cranes when driving in an oval track.

For example, from DE 1942567 U, it is known to lubricate the side of a rail head by means of lubricating disks adjacent to the rail sides made of a lubricant, e.g. based on molybdenum disulphide or graphite based on a crane undercarriage. This device, however, complies with the state of the art of the 1960s and currently does not satisfy both the complexity of the arrangement and the reliability, durability and operator demands.

Recently, solutions have been known using solid lubricating rods pressed against the wheel flanges and housed in a lubricating holder. The lubrication efficiency depends on the ambient temperature, the pressure of the bar, the wear of the bar contact surface and the ring surface of the flange.

For example, according to DE 29916916 U1, the lubricating head is pressed by the force of the compression spring, whereby the lubricant is fed directly from the pressure source to the flange surface by the tube from the pressure source. The amount of lubricant leaking onto the surface to be lubricated is difficult to determine, which is undesirable in terms of lubricant consumption and consequently for environmental reasons.

According to KR1020060092467 A, a stationary injection lubrication device is provided in the crane track, which sprayes the sprayed lubricant on the rail side or when the running gear of the crane passes over the wheel flange. The main disadvantage is that the lubrication is uneven, since, for example, when the bridge crane is operated for a long period of time only in a short section of the crane runway which does not include a stationary lubrication device, flanges and rails are unlubricated. Longer distribution of lubricant along the length of the track can cause operational unreliability, and is also difficult to operate the lubrication system.

The aim of the technical solution is to eliminate, or at least substantially mitigate the shortcomings of the prior art,

The essence of the technical solution

The object of the invention is achieved by a lubricating device, which is based on a crane frame and each flange of at least one traveling wheel on each track of the crane track is assigned at least one nozzle which is connected to the lubricant mixer via a lubricant / air separator. and air that communicates with the compressor station and through the metering lubrication pump with the lubricant reservoir wherein the nozzles, the lubricant-air separator, the lubricant-air mixer, the compressor station and the metering lubrication pump with the lubricant reservoir are coupled to the actuating control means.

The advantage is the possibility to lubricate flanges and rails on the entire crane runway.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the lubrication device is assigned as a separate unit separately to at least one crane travel wheel of one and the other rails of the crane track.

Such a configuration makes it possible to set a separate lubrication mode for the running gear belonging to one and the other rail, in particular because of the unequal rail length on the oval gantry of the gantry crane or when traveling the bridge at different transverse positions of the crane cat with respect to the crane runway.

It is likewise advantageous if the compressor station, the metering lubrication pump with the lubricant reservoir, the lubricant-air mixer, the lubricant-air mixer and the control and control means are common components for the running gear of the two rail tracks.

Particularly in the operation of overhead cranes, it may be advantageous to lubricate the running gear on both rails equally and to reduce the purchase costs by using common source and metering elements of the lubrication system.

It is also preferred that the control means comprise an actuator for adjusting operating modes characterized by operating cyclically varying the length of the lubrication phase and the length of the pauses between lubrication, or the service cyclic blowing of the circuit without supplying lubricant.

In this case, the lubrication mode can be selected according to the current operating requirements, thus maximizing the negative impact of the crane maintenance on the environment while meeting the technical requirements of the system. It is possible to remove the grease by cyclic blowing and prevent it from settling during longer periods of operation.

Overview of the drawings

The technical solution is shown in the drawing, where FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a separate complete lubrication device associated with one running gear, FIG. 2 shows a diagram of a lubrication device, the central part of which is common to the running gear on both rail tracks.

EXAMPLES

A preferred embodiment of the rail crane lubrication device is shown in FIG. First

The apparatus comprises a source box 1 in which a central electronic control unit 11 is provided, powered by a 24 V DC power supply 2, and a compressor station 12 comprising an air compressor and an air reservoir provided with a pressure switch 121. which closes the air reservoir when the compressor is stopped and connects the compressor outlet to the surrounding atmosphere. Further, the device comprises a metering lubrication pump 13 with a lubricant reservoir 14 and a lubricant / compressed air mixer 15. The grease / air mixer 15 is provided with a pressure switch 151 responsive to the pressure inside the mixer 15. Downstream of the grease / air mixer 15, a service one-way air inlet quick coupling 153 is arranged in its outlet conduit 152.

The lubricant reservoir 14 comprises a maximum upper lubricant level sensor 141 and a minimum lower lubricant level sensor 142. The lubricant reservoir 14 further comprises a lubricant filling quick coupling (not shown).

An air cleaner (not shown) is provided in the air intake 122 to the compressor. The lubricant-air mixer 15 is connected via a compressed air line 16 to a compressor and a pressure lubricant line 17 to a metering pump 13. A service shut-off valve 171 is provided in line 17, which is permanently open during operation of the device. The air-lubricant outlet pipe 152 from the mixer 15 extends from the source housing 1 and enters the lubricant separator 3 located outside the source housing 1.

Nozzles 311, 321, nozzles 311, 321 are connected to the grease / air mixer 15, 32 by means of two pipes 31, 32. Nozzles 311, 321 are mounted in a holder (not shown) near the travel wheel 4 associated with one crane rail 5 and their outlet openings are directed to , wheels 4.

An electronic control unit 11 is connected to a controller 6 comprising means for externally controlling the lubrication mode of operation, i. the choice of the lubrication cycle length, the length of breaks between the lubrication cycles, the multiple fast lubrication cycle repeat mode, or the lubrication circuit cleaning service mode. The actuator 6 also comprises light signaling means. A speed sensor 61 of the travel wheel 4 and a sensor 141, 142 of the level of lubricant in the lubricant reservoir 14 are connected to the input of the actuator 6, the information of which is processed in cooperation with the electronic control unit 11.

Inside the source box 1, the control unit 11 is electrically coupled to the compressor station 12, the air reservoir pressure switch 121, the lubricant and air mixer pressure switch 151, and the level sensors 141, 142 of the lubricant reservoir 14.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, two identical described lubrication devices are provided on the overhead or gantry crane, each lubricating the flanges 41 of the wheel 4 of the running gear of one rail 5. This arrangement offers the advantage of completely independent setting of lubrication modes for the running gear of one and the other. .

The device of FIG. 2 solves the lubrication of the wheels 4 of the two running gear associated with two rails 5 with one lubrication device. The advantage is lower space requirements and lower purchase costs of this arrangement in the basic design.

This configuration of the lubrication device comprises one central source housing 1 common to the entire rail crane and one actuator 6. The source housing 1, with its internal equipment and electrical connections, corresponds to the embodiment shown in FIG. First

The divider 3 has four outlet lines 33, 34, 35, 36 of air-lubricant mixture connected to the nozzles 331, 341 aiming at the wheel flanges 41 moving along one track 5 of the crane track and to the nozzles 351, 361 aiming at the wheel flanges 41 4 moving along the second track 5 of the crane track. The separator 3 divides the lubricating mixture into four equal parts. However, for example, for a gantry crane running on an oval track with a long track gauge 5, it is suitable to divide the lubricating mixture into a pre-selected two equal smaller parts for the running gear on the inner rail 5 and two equal larger parts for the running gear on the outer rail 5.

In case it is not possible to predetermine the relative speed or slip of the wheels on the two rails 5, the sophisticated device can be equipped with the sensors 61, 62 of the revolutions of the wheels 4 on both rails 5 and the lubricant separator with selectable variable ratio In this case, the internal configuration of the divider 3 allows to receive the signal of the actuator 6 and, as needed, to supply a different amount of lubricant to the outlet ducts 33, 34 than to the outlet ducts 35, 36 (FIG. 3 of the lubricant mixture and with the sensor 62 shown in dotted lines).

The lubrication device is actuated by a signal from the controller 6 according to the desired mode setting on the controller 6. In the embodiment of the invention, one cycle consists of a lubrication period adjustable for 1 to 15 seconds and a break time adjustable between 8 and 128 revolutions of the travel wheel. corresponds to a distance of 20 to 320 meters in both directions. The lubrication time starts with a command from the actuator 6 via the control unit 11, after which the compressed air reservoir outlet of the compressor station 12 is connected to a line 16, which supplies compressed air to the mixer 15. At the same time, a parallel line 17 is connected. of a linear motor of the lubrication pump 13. The pump 13 displaces a single stroke of the pneumatic motor at a time of about 0.4 cm ^{3 of the} semi-liquid lubricant via line 18 into the mixer 15. The air flow behind the nozzle (not shown) at the inlet of the line 16 to the mixer 15 is thus delivered. thereby forming a mixture of air and the lubricant dispersed therein. The minimum air pressure in the pipes 16 and 17 is given by the lower pressure level in the compressed air reservoir of the compressor station 12, which is about 0.25 MPa, while the pressure drops further downstream of the mixer inlet. The air-lubricant mixture is conveyed via line 152 to a separator 3, in which it is equally divided into two ducts 31, 32. The air-lubricant mixture is then sprayed onto both sides of the two rollers 41 of the castor wheel via lubricating nozzles 311, 321. the time set by the corresponding mode on the control unit 6, which closes the outlet to the pipes 16 and 17, is signaled via the control unit Ή. The lubricant sprayed on the flanges 41 of one traveling wheel 4 associated with one rail 5 is distributed to the sides of the rail 5. by contact with the rail sides 5, the other traveling wheels 4 are also lubricated.

If the pressure of the air / lubricant mixture in the mixer 15 does not reach the value set on the pressure switch 151, which in the exemplary embodiment is 0.1 MPa, the pressure switch 151 sends a pulse to the control unit 11, after which the actuator 6 signals a fault.

If the lubricant level in the reservoir 14 of the lubrication pump 13 drops to a minimum, the level sensor 141 is pulsed to the control unit 11 and the control unit 11 triggers a warning beep. The lubricant reservoir 14 must then be replenished with lubricant by means of a filling coupler (not shown), and shortly before reaching the maximum level, the control unit 11 triggers a warning beep after the level sensor 142 has been pulled, indicating the need to complete the reservoir filling.

If, during flange lubrication, the air pressure of the compressor station 12 drops below the set lower value, the pressure switch 121 at the outlet of the air reservoir via the control unit 11 starts the compressor of the compressor station 12 and immediately shuts off the unloader valve (not shown). The compressor switches off automatically when the upper set pressure is reached. In the exemplary embodiment, the upper pressure value of the air reservoir pressure is set to 0.50 MPa, the lower value of the air reservoir pressure to 0.35 MPa. Due to the relatively low consumption of compressed air during the operation of the flange lubrication device, the air pressure does not fall below this lower value in the normal operation of the device.

Before shutting down the vehicle, it is advantageous to close the service shut-off valve 171 by which the compressed air supply to the rectilinear pneumatic motor of the lubrication pump 13 is closed. This will start the compressor of the compressor station 12 and connect the air reservoir outlet to the duct 16. By blowing the lubrication ducts 152, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, the mixer 15, the divider 3, and the nozzles 311, 321, 331, 341, 351, 361, the lubricant system will be removed from the lubrication system system, which could solidify and cause the apparatus to be obstructed. In addition, it is possible to connect the lubrication device via a service quick coupling 153 to a powerful external source of compressed air and thus to achieve a more intensive blowing.

Obviously, the technical solution is not limited to the apparatus shown and described above. Within the scope of the protection claims, the device according to the present invention may differ by the location of the individual elements in the crane space, the location of the auxiliary blow-off couplings, the modified arrangement of the control means and the like. For example, it is possible to lubricate the flanges of several traveling wheels assigned to a single rail. In the case of the use of characteristic rail wheels with one flange, the lubrication nozzles are arranged only from the inside of the flange, with respect to the profile of the rails.

Industrial usability

The device according to the invention is applicable to all rail cranes, while existing machines can be retrofitted with the device.

Claims (4)

PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS 1. Rolling crane lubrication equipment, in particular overhead or gantry cranes, operating at least two running gear, the running wheels of which are provided with guiding flanges guided on the rails of a crane track, characterized in that it is arranged on each crane frame and (41) at least one running wheel (4) on each crane track (5) is associated with at least one nozzle (311, 321, 331, 341, 351, 361) connected to the lubricant / air mixture divider (3) a lubricant and air mixer (15) communicating with the compressor station (12) and via a metering lubrication pump (13) with a lubricant reservoir (14), wherein the thimble (311, 321, 331, 341, 351, 361), 3), the lubricant-air mixtures, the lubricant-air mixer (15), the compressor station (12) and the metering lubrication pump (13) with the lubricant reservoir (14) are coupled to the actuating means ami. Lubrication device according to claim 2, characterized in that it is assigned as a separate unit to each of the at least one traveling wheel (4) of the crane on each of the crane rails (5). Lubricating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the compressor station (12), the metering lubrication pump (13) with the lubricant reservoir (14), the lubricant-air mixer (15), the lubricant-air mixer (3) and the control and the control means are components common to the running gear of both crane rails (5). Lubrication device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control means comprise an actuator (6) for adjusting operating modes characterized by operating cyclically alternating the length of the lubrication phase and the length of pauses between lubrication, or service cyclic air blowing.