SK9597Y1 - Six stroke engine and its method of operation - Google Patents

Six stroke engine and its method of operation Download PDF

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Publication number
SK9597Y1
SK9597Y1 SK500062022U SK500062022U SK9597Y1 SK 9597 Y1 SK9597 Y1 SK 9597Y1 SK 500062022 U SK500062022 U SK 500062022U SK 500062022 U SK500062022 U SK 500062022U SK 9597 Y1 SK9597 Y1 SK 9597Y1
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piston
stroke
cylinder
fuel
closed
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SK500062022U1 (en
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Pavel Stískal
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Pavel Stískal
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Abstract

The six-stroke engine has a connecting rod (2) rotatably mounted on the crankshaft (1), the other end of the connecting rod (2) is connected by a pin to a piston (3), which is slidably mounted in the cylinder (4). The upper part of the cylinder (4) is closed the head (5), in which the spark plug (6) or the injection nozzle (6´) is located, further in the head (5) at least one intake fuel channel (7) is formed connected to the fuel injection pump and closed by the intake fuel valve (8). The engine also has at least one water injection nozzle (9) connected to a water injection pump for demineralized water and closed by a suction water valve (10) and at least one exhaust duct (11) closed by an exhaust valve (12). The valves (8, 10, 12) are controlled electronically or by means of a camshaft which cooperates with the crankshaft (1), the speed of the crankshaft (1) being in a ratio of 3: 1 to the camshaft. The operation of the six-stroke engine is as follows, in the first stroke the piston (3) moves downwards and air with fuel in the ratio 1:15 to 1:25 enters the cylinder (4) or air without fuel enters the cylinder (4). In the second stroke, the piston (3) moves upwards and the air is compressed with or without fuel. In the third stroke the spark jumps on the spark plug (6) and an explosion occurs or an explosion occurs after the fuel is injected by the injection nozzle (6´) and the piston (3) moves downwards. In the fourth stroke at the bottom dead center of the piston (3) the exhaust valve (12) is opened and the pressure in the cylinder (4) is reduced. The piston (3) begins to move upwards and compress the exhaust gases with at a temperature of 500 ° C until the upper dead center of the piston (3), where the gases reach 2000 ° C. In the fifth stroke in the upper dead center of the piston (3) demineralized water is injected into the cylinder (4) and expansion occurs and the piston (3) moves downwards. In the sixth stroke, when the piston (3) moves upwards, the steam mixed with the exhaust gases is pushed out of the wall ca (4) through the exhaust duct (11).

Description

Oblasť technikyThe field of technology

Technické riešenie sa týka šesťtaktného spaľovacieho motora so vstrekovaním vody do valca a spôsob jeho činnosti.The technical solution concerns a six-stroke internal combustion engine with water injection into the cylinder and the way it works.

Doterajší stav technikyCurrent state of the art

V súčasnosti je najznámejším a najvyužívanejším motorom štvortaktný motor. Štvortaktný motor, taktiež označovaný aj ako štvordobý motor či ľudovo štvortakt, je piestový spaľovací motor pracujúci na štyri doby alebo inak povedané v štyroch taktoch. To znamená, že pracovný cyklus motora prebehne počas štyroch zdvihov piesta a dvoch otáčok kľukového hriadeľa. Podľa spôsobu zapálenia zmesi sa pracovné cykly mierne odlišujú pre zážihový a vznetový motor.Currently, the most famous and most used engine is the four-stroke engine. A four-stroke engine, also referred to as a four-stroke engine or colloquially four-stroke, is a piston combustion engine operating in four strokes or in other words in four strokes. This means that the working cycle of the engine will take place during four strokes of the piston and two revolutions of the crankshaft. Depending on the way the mixture is ignited, the working cycles are slightly different for spark-ignition and diesel engines.

Zážihový štvortaktný motor má nasledujúce pracovné cykly:A gasoline four-stroke engine has the following duty cycles:

1. Nasávanie - Pri pohybe piesta smerom nadol sa priestor nad piestom zväčšuje a zároveň sa otvoria aj nasávacie ventily. To spôsobí pokles tlaku nad piestom (tlak nad piestom je nižší ako atmosférický tlak). Tento rozdiel tlakov umožní motoru nasať do valcov cez nasávacie potrubie potrebné množstvo vzduchu aj s palivom. Vzduch a palivo spolu tvoria zápalnú zmes.1. Intake - As the piston moves downward, the space above the piston increases and the intake valves open at the same time. This causes a drop in pressure above the piston (the pressure above the piston is lower than atmospheric pressure). This pressure difference will allow the engine to suck in the required amount of air and fuel into the cylinders through the intake pipe. Air and fuel together form an ignitable mixture.

2. Kompresia - Potom, ako piest dosiahne svoj dolný úvrat, sa začne pohybovať smerom hore. Piest svojím pohybom smerom hore stláča zmes, ktorá sa vďaka tomu zahrieva a pretože sa nemôže rozpínať, stúpa aj tlak. Vysoká teplota a tlak podporuje odparovanie paliva a jeho premiešanie so vzduchom a zmes je výbušnejšia. Počas kompresie sú nasávacie a výfukové ventily zatvorené.2. Compression - After the piston reaches its bottom dead center, it begins to move upwards. With its upward movement, the piston compresses the mixture, which heats up as a result, and because it cannot expand, the pressure also rises. The high temperature and pressure favors the vaporization of the fuel and its mixing with air, and the mixture is more explosive. During compression, the intake and exhaust valves are closed.

3. Expanzia - Počas tejto fázy na zapaľovacej sviečke preskočí iskra, ktorá zapáli stlačenú zmes. Po zapálení začne zmes expandovať a piest posúva smerom dole k jeho dolnému úvratu.3. Expansion - During this phase, a spark jumps on the spark plug, igniting the compressed mixture. After ignition, the mixture begins to expand and the piston moves downwards to its bottom dead center.

4. Výfuk - Počas tejto fázy sa otvoria výfukové ventily, ktoré umožnia dostať sa výfukovým plynom von z valca. Na konci expanzie je tlak vo valci vyšší ako atmosférický tlak, vďaka čomu sú výfukové plyny vytláčané z valca von. Zvyšné výfukové plyny zas vytlačí piest pri pohybe k hornému úvratu. Aby sa však zlepšilo vyprázdňovanie valca, zatvárajú sa výfukové ventily až potom, ako dosiahne piest horný úvrat a nasávacie ventily sú už otvorené.4. Exhaust - During this phase, the exhaust valves open to allow the exhaust gas to exit the cylinder. At the end of the expansion, the pressure in the cylinder is higher than the atmospheric pressure, due to which the exhaust gases are forced out of the cylinder. The remaining exhaust gases are pushed out by the piston when moving to the top dead center. However, to improve cylinder emptying, the exhaust valves are closed only after the piston reaches top dead center and the intake valves are already open.

Vznetový štvortaktný motor má nasledujúce pracovné cykly:A four-stroke diesel engine has the following duty cycles:

Princíp činnosti štvortaktného vznetového motora je veľmi podobný činnosti štvortaktného zážihového motora. Hlavným rozdielom je fakt, že sa do valcov nasáva len čistý vzduch, do ktorého sa po stlačení a zahriatí vstrekuje nafta a vzniknutá zmes sa zapaľuje kompresným teplom.The principle of operation of a four-stroke diesel engine is very similar to the operation of a four-stroke petrol engine. The main difference is the fact that only clean air is drawn into the cylinders, into which, after being compressed and heated, diesel fuel is injected and the resulting mixture is ignited by compression heat.

1. Nasávanie - Piest sa pohybuje zo svojho horného úvratu smerom nadol do dolného úvratu, čím sa priestor nad piestom zväčšuje a zároveň sa otvoria aj nasávacie ventily, vďaka čomu sa do valcov cez nasávacie potrubie dostáva potrebné množstvo vzduchu.1. Intake - The piston moves from its top dead center down to its bottom dead center, which increases the space above the piston and at the same time opens the intake valves, thanks to which the necessary amount of air enters the cylinders through the intake pipe.

2. Kompresia - Potom, ako piest dosiahne svoj dolný úvrat, sa začne pohybovať smerom hore. Piest svojím pohybom smerom hore stláča vzduch, ktorý sa vďaka tomu zahrieva, no rastie aj jeho tlak. Tesne predtým, ako dosiahne piest svoj horný úvrat, sa do spaľovacieho priestoru vstrekne palivo, ktoré sa vznieti.2. Compression - After the piston reaches its bottom dead center, it begins to move upwards. With its upward movement, the piston compresses the air, which heats up as a result, but also increases its pressure. Just before the piston reaches its top dead center, fuel is injected into the combustion chamber and ignited.

3. Expanzia - Po vznietení zmesi tlak plynu pôsobí na piest, čím premieňa tepelnú energiu paliva na mechanickú prácu motora. Pri expanzii sa piest motora pohybuje zo svojho horného úvratu smerom do dolného úvratu.3. Expansion - After the mixture is ignited, the gas pressure acts on the piston, which converts the thermal energy of the fuel into the mechanical work of the engine. During expansion, the engine piston moves from its top dead center to its bottom dead center.

4. Výfuk - Pri poslednom cykle sa piest pohybuje zo svojho dolného úvratu do svojho horného úvratu, pričom výfukové ventily sú otvorené. Piest pohybom hore vytláča výfukové plyny cez výfukový systém do ovzdušia. K uzatvoreniu výfukových ventilov dochádza tesne predtým, ako piest dosiahne horný úvrat.4. Exhaust - On the last cycle, the piston moves from its bottom dead center to its top dead center with the exhaust valves open. By moving up, the piston pushes the exhaust gases through the exhaust system into the air. The exhaust valves close just before the piston reaches top dead center.

Pri vznetovom štvortaktom motore platí to isté ako pri zážihovom štvortaktnom motore. Potom, ako skončia všetky štyri cykly, začína pracovný obeh motora odznova.The same applies to a diesel four-stroke engine as to a petrol four-stroke engine. After all four cycles are finished, the engine's duty cycle begins again.

Konštrukcia štvortaktného motora je pri zážihovom a vznetovom vyhotovení veľmi podobná. Na kľukovom hriadeli je otočné upevnená ojnica. Druhý koniec ojnice je spojený pomocou čapu s piestom, ktorý je posuvne uložený vo valci. Horná časť valca je uzatvorená hlavou, v ktorej je vytvorený nasávací kanál uzatváraný nasávacím ventilom a výfukový kanál uzatváraný výfukovým ventilom. Činnosť ventilov je ovládaná elektronicky alebo pomocou vačkového hriadeľa, ktorý je spolupracujúci s kľukovým hriadeľom.The design of the four-stroke engine is very similar in the spark-ignition and diesel versions. A connecting rod is rotatably mounted on the crankshaft. The other end of the connecting rod is connected by means of a pin to the piston, which is slidably stored in the cylinder. The upper part of the cylinder is closed by the head, in which the intake channel closed by the intake valve and the exhaust channel closed by the exhaust valve are created. The operation of the valves is controlled electronically or by means of a camshaft that cooperates with the crankshaft.

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Podstata technického riešeniaThe essence of the technical solution

Podstatu predloženého technického riešenia tvorí šesťtaktný spaľovací motor, ktorý má na kľukovom hriadeli otočné upevnenú ojnicu. Druhý koniec ojnice je spojený pomocou čapu s piestom, ktorý je posuvne uložený vo valci. Horná časť valca je uzatvorená hlavou, v ktorej je umiestnená zapaľovacia sviečka pri benzínovom motore alebo vstrekovacia dýza pri dieselovom motore, ďalej v hlave je vytvorený aspoň jeden nasávací palivový kanál spojený s palivovým vstrekovacím čerpadlom a uzatváraný nasávacím palivovým ventilom, aspoň jeden nasávací vodný kanál spojený s vodným vstrekovacím čerpadlom na demineralizovanú vodu a uzatváraný vodnou vstrekovacou dýzou a aspoň jeden výfukový kanál uzatváraný výfukovým ventilom. Činnosť ventilov je ovládaná elektronicky alebo pomocou vačkového hriadeľa, ktorý je spolupracujúci s kľukovým hriadeľom, pričom otáčky kľukového hriadeľa proti vačkovému hriadeľu sú v pomere 3 : 1.The essence of the presented technical solution is a six-stroke internal combustion engine, which has a rotatably fixed connecting rod on the crankshaft. The other end of the connecting rod is connected by means of a pin to the piston, which is slidably stored in the cylinder. The upper part of the cylinder is closed by the head, which houses the spark plug in the case of a gasoline engine or the injection nozzle in the case of a diesel engine, further in the head there is formed at least one intake fuel channel connected to the fuel injection pump and closed by an intake fuel valve, at least one intake water channel connected with a water injection pump for demineralized water and closed by a water injection nozzle and at least one exhaust channel closed by an exhaust valve. The operation of the valves is controlled electronically or by means of a camshaft that cooperates with the crankshaft, while the revolutions of the crankshaft against the camshaft are in a ratio of 3:1.

Šesťtaktný spaľovací motor pracuje v nasledujúcich šiestich cykloch:A six-stroke internal combustion engine operates in the following six cycles:

1. takt - Nasávanie vzduchu - piest sa pohybuje smerom dole a vzduch s palivom v pomere 1 : 15 až 1: 25 sa dostáva do valca alebo vzduch bez paliva sa dostáva do valca.1st stroke - Air intake - the piston moves down and air with fuel in a ratio of 1:15 to 1:25 enters the cylinder or air without fuel enters the cylinder.

2. takt - Kompresia - piest sa pohybuje smerom hore a vykonáva sa stláčanie vzduchu s palivom alebo sa do stláčaného vzduch vstrekne palivo v pomerel: 15 až 1: 25.2nd stroke - Compression - the piston moves upwards and air is compressed with fuel or fuel is injected into the compressed air in the ratio: 15 to 1: 25.

3. takt - Spaľovanie a expanzia - na zapaľovacej sviečke preskočí iskra a nastáva výbuch alebo po streknutí paliva nastáva výbuch, piest sa pohybuje smerom dole.3rd stroke - Combustion and expansion - a spark jumps on the spark plug and an explosion occurs, or after the fuel is injected, an explosion occurs, the piston moves downwards.

4. takt-V spodnom úvrate sa pootvorí výfukový ventil na zníženie vysokého tlaku (1,2 -1,8 atm) vo valci. Piest sa začne pohybovať smerom hore a stláčať výfukové plyny s teplotou 500 °C až do horného úvratu, kde plyny dosiahnu 1 500 až 2 000 °C.4th stroke-In bottom dead center, the exhaust valve is partially opened to reduce the high pressure (1.2-1.8 atm) in the cylinder. The piston begins to move upwards, compressing the 500°C exhaust gases up to top dead center, where the gases reach 1500-2000°C.

5. takt - V hornom úvrate sa vstrekne do valca demineralizovaná voda a dôjde k expanzii, piest sa pohybuje smerom dole.5th stroke - At top dead center, demineralized water is injected into the cylinder and expansion occurs, the piston moves downwards.

6. takt - Pri pohybe piesta smerom hore sa vytlačí para zmiešaná s výfukovými plynmi von z valca cez výfukový kanál.6th stroke - When the piston moves upwards, steam mixed with exhaust gases is forced out of the cylinder through the exhaust channel.

Prehľad obrázkov na výkresochOverview of images on drawings

Na priloženom výkrese sú na obrázku znázornené konkrétne cykly šesťtaktného spaľovacieho motora.The attached drawing shows specific cycles of a six-stroke internal combustion engine.

Príklady uskutočneniaImplementation examples

Príklad 1Example 1

Šesťtaktný spaľovací motor má na kľukovom hriadeli 1 otočné upevnenú ojnicu 2. Druhý koniec ojnice 2 je spojený pomocou čapu s piestom 3, ktorý je posuvne uložený vo valci 4. Horná časť valca 4 je uzatvorená hlavou 5, v ktorej je umiestnená zapaľovacia sviečka 6, ďalej v hlave 5 je vytvorený aspoň jeden nasávací palivový kanál 7 spojený s palivovým vstrekovacím čerpadlom a uzatváraný nasávacím palivovým ventilom 8, aspoň jedna vodná vstrekovacia dýza 9 spojená s vodným vstrekovacím čerpadlom na demineralizovanú vodu a uzatváraná nasávacím vodným ventilom 10 a aspoň jeden výfukový kanál 11 uzatváraný výfukovým ventilom 12. Činnosť ventilov 8,10,12 je ovládaná elektronicky alebo pomocou vačkového hriadeľa, ktorý je spolupracujúci s kľukovým hriadeľom 1, pričom otáčky kľukového hriadeľa proti vačkovému hriadeľu sú v pomere 3 :1. Šesťtaktný spaľovací motor pracuje v nasledujúcich šiestich cykloch:The six-stroke internal combustion engine has a rotatably fixed connecting rod 2 on the crankshaft 1. The other end of the connecting rod 2 is connected by means of a pin to the piston 3, which is slidably mounted in the cylinder 4. The upper part of the cylinder 4 is closed by the head 5, in which the spark plug 6 is placed. further, in the head 5, at least one intake fuel channel 7 connected to the fuel injection pump and closed by the intake fuel valve 8 is formed, at least one water injection nozzle 9 connected to the water injection pump for demineralized water and closed by the intake water valve 10 and at least one exhaust channel 11 closed by the exhaust valve 12. The operation of the valves 8,10,12 is controlled electronically or by means of the camshaft, which cooperates with the crankshaft 1, while the revolutions of the crankshaft against the camshaft are in a ratio of 3:1. A six-stroke internal combustion engine operates in the following six cycles:

1. takt - Nasávanie vzduchu s palivom - piest 3 sa pohybuje smerom dole a vzduch s palivom v pomere 1: 15 až 1: 25 sa dostáva do valca 4.1st stroke - Intake of air with fuel - piston 3 moves down and air with fuel in a ratio of 1: 15 to 1: 25 enters cylinder 4.

2. takt - Kompresia - piest 3 sa pohybuje smerom hore a vykonáva sa stláčanie vzduchu s palivom.2nd stroke - Compression - piston 3 moves upwards and air is compressed with fuel.

3. takt - Spaľovanie a expanzia - na zapaľovacej sviečke 6 preskočí iskra a nastáva výbuch, piest 3 sa pohybuje smerom dole.3rd stroke - Combustion and expansion - spark jumps on spark plug 6 and an explosion occurs, piston 3 moves downwards.

4. takt - V spodnom úvrate piesta 3 sa pootvorí výfukový ventil 12 na zníženie vysokého tlaku (1,2 - 1,8 atm) vo valci 4. Piest 3 sa začne pohybovať smerom hore a stláčať výfukové plyny s teplotou 500 °C až do horného úvratu piesta 3, kde plyny dosiahnu 1 500 až 2 000 °C.4th stroke - At bottom dead center of piston 3, exhaust valve 12 is partially opened to reduce the high pressure (1.2 - 1.8 atm) in cylinder 4. Piston 3 begins to move upwards and compress exhaust gases with a temperature of 500 °C up to top dead center of piston 3, where the gases reach 1,500 to 2,000 °C.

5. takt - V hornom úvrate piesta 3 sa vstrekne do valca 4 demineralizovaná voda a dôjde k expanzii, piest 3 sa pohybuje smerom dole.5th stroke - At the top dead center of piston 3, demineralized water is injected into cylinder 4 and expansion occurs, piston 3 moves downwards.

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6. takt - Pri pohybe piesta 3 smerom hore sa vytlačí para zmiešaná s výfukovými plynmi von z valca 4 cez výfukový kanál 11.6th cycle - When piston 3 moves upwards, steam mixed with exhaust gases is forced out of cylinder 4 through exhaust channel 11.

Príklad 2Example 2

Šesťtaktný spaľovací motor má na kľukovom hriadeli 1 otočné upevnenú ojnicu 2. Druhý koniec ojnice 2 je spojený pomocou čapu s piestom 3, ktorý je posuvne uložený vo valci 4. Horná časť valca 4 je uzatvorená hlavou 5, v ktorej je umiestnená vstrekovacia dýza 6', ďalej v hlave 5 je vytvorený aspoň jeden nasávací palivový kanál 7 spojený s palivovým vstrekovacím čerpadlom a uzatváraný nasávacím palivovým ventilom 8, aspoň jedna vodná vstrekovacia dýza 9 spojená s vodným vstrekovacím čerpadlom na demineralizovanú vodu a uzatváraná nasávacím vodným ventilom 10 a aspoň jeden výfukový kanál 11 uzatváraný výfukovým ventilom 12. Činnosť ventilov 8,10,12 je ovládaná elektronicky alebo pomocou vačkového hriadeľa, ktorý je spolupracujúci s kľukovým hriadeľom 1, pričom otáčky kľukového hriadeľa proti vačkovému hriadeľu sú v pomere 3 :1. Šesťtaktný spaľovací motor pracuje v nasledujúcich šiestich cykloch:The six-stroke internal combustion engine has a rotatably fixed connecting rod 2 on the crankshaft 1. The other end of the connecting rod 2 is connected by means of a pin to the piston 3, which is slidably mounted in the cylinder 4. The upper part of the cylinder 4 is closed by the head 5, in which the injection nozzle 6' is located. , further in the head 5 is formed at least one intake fuel channel 7 connected to the fuel injection pump and closed by the intake fuel valve 8, at least one water injection nozzle 9 connected to the water injection pump for demineralized water and closed by the intake water valve 10 and at least one exhaust channel 11 closed by the exhaust valve 12. The operation of the valves 8,10,12 is controlled electronically or by means of the camshaft, which cooperates with the crankshaft 1, while the revolutions of the crankshaft against the camshaft are in a ratio of 3:1. A six-stroke internal combustion engine operates in the following six cycles:

1. takt - Nasávanie vzduchu - piest 3 sa pohybuje smerom dole a vzduch bez paliva sa dostáva do valca 4.1st stroke - Air intake - piston 3 moves down and air without fuel enters cylinder 4.

2. takt - Kompresia - piest 3 sa pohybuje smerom hore a vykonáva sa stláčanie vzduchu a do stláčaného vzduchu sa vstrekne palivo v pomere 1:15 až 1: 252nd stroke - Compression - piston 3 moves upwards and air is compressed and fuel is injected into the compressed air in a ratio of 1:15 to 1:25

3. takt - Spaľovanie a expanzia - po streknutí paliva nastáva výbuch, piest sa pohybuje smerom dole.3rd stroke - Combustion and expansion - after the fuel is injected, an explosion occurs, the piston moves downwards.

4. takt - V spodnom úvratei piesta 3 sa pootvorí výfukový ventil 12 na zníženie vysokého tlaku (1,2 - 1,8 atm) vo valci 4. Piest 3 sa začne pohybovať smerom hore a stláčať výfukové plyny s teplotou 500 °C až do horného úvratu piesta 3, kde plyny dosiahnu 1 500 až 2 000 °C.4th stroke - At the bottom dead center of piston 3, the exhaust valve 12 is partially opened to reduce the high pressure (1.2 - 1.8 atm) in cylinder 4. Piston 3 begins to move upwards and compress the exhaust gases with a temperature of 500 °C up to top dead center of piston 3, where the gases reach 1,500 to 2,000 °C.

5. takt - V hornom úvrate piesta 3 sa vstrekne do valca demineralizovaná voda a dôjde k expanzii, piest 3 sa pohybuje smerom dole.5th stroke - At the top dead center of piston 3, demineralized water is injected into the cylinder and expansion occurs, piston 3 moves downwards.

6. takt - Pri pohybe piesta 3 smerom hore sa vytlačí para zmiešaná s výfukovými plynmi von z valca 4 cez výfukový kanál 11.6th cycle - When piston 3 moves upwards, steam mixed with exhaust gases is forced out of cylinder 4 through exhaust channel 11.

Claims (2)

NÁROKY NA OCHRANUCLAIMS FOR PROTECTION 1. Šesťtaktný motor, vyznačujúci sa tým, že má na kľukovom hriadeli (1) otočné upevnenú ojnicu (2), druhý koniec ojnice (2) je spojený pomocou čapu s piestom (3), ktorý je posuvne uložený vo valci (4), horná časť valca (4) je uzatvorená hlavou (5), v ktorej je umiestnená zapaľovacia sviečka (6) alebo vstrekovacia dýza (6'), ďalej v hlave (5) je vytvorený aspoň jeden nasávací palivový kanál (7) spojený s palivovým vstrekovacím čerpadlom a uzatváraný nasávacím palivovým ventilom (8), aspoň jedna vodná vstrekovacia dýza (9) spojená s vodným vstrekovacím čerpadlom na demineralizovanú vodu a uzatváraná nasávacím vodným ventilom (10) a aspoň jeden výfukový kanál (11) uzatváraný výfukovým ventilom (12), pričom ventily (8, 10, 12) sú ovládané elektronicky alebo pomocou vačkového hriadeľa, ktorý je spolupracujúci s kľukovým hriadeľom (1), pričom otáčky kľukového hriadeľa (1) proti vačkovému hriadeľu sú v pomere 3 : 1.1. A six-stroke engine, characterized by having a connecting rod (2) rotatably fixed on the crankshaft (1), the other end of the connecting rod (2) is connected by means of a pin to the piston (3), which is slidably mounted in the cylinder (4), the upper part of the cylinder (4) is closed by the head (5), in which the spark plug (6) or the injection nozzle (6') is located, further in the head (5) at least one suction fuel channel (7) connected to the fuel injection pump and closed by a suction fuel valve (8), at least one water injection nozzle (9) connected to a water injection pump for demineralized water and closed by a suction water valve (10) and at least one exhaust channel (11) closed by an exhaust valve (12), while the valves (8, 10, 12) are controlled electronically or with the help of a camshaft that cooperates with the crankshaft (1), while the revolutions of the crankshaft (1) against the camshaft are in a ratio of 3:1. 2. Spôsob činnosti šesťtaktného spaľovacieho motora, vyznačujúci sa tým, že v prvom takte sa piest (3) pohybuje smerom dole a vzduch s palivom v pomere 1: 15 až 1: 25 sa dostáva do valca (4) alebo vzduch bez paliva sa dostáva do valca (4), v druhom takte sa piest (3) sa pohybuje smerom hore a vykonáva sa stláčanie vzduchu s palivom alebo bez paliva, v treťom takte na zapaľovacej sviečke (6) preskočí iskra a nastáva výbuch alebo po vstreknutí paliva vstrekovacou dýzou (6') nastáva výbuch, piest (3) sa pohybuje smerom dole, vo štvrtom takte v spodnom úvrate piesta (3) sa pootvorí výfukový ventil (12) a zníži sa tlak vo valci (4) a piest (3) sa začne pohybovať smerom hore a stláčať výfukové plyny s teplotou 500 °C až do horného úvratu piesta (3), kde plyny dosiahnu 2 000 °C, v piatom takte v hornom úvrate piesta (3) sa vstrekne do valca (4) demineralizovaná voda a dôjde k expanzii a piest (3) sa pohybuje smerom dole, v šiestom takte sa pri pohybe piesta (3) smerom hore vytlačí para zmiešaná s výfukovými plynmi von z valca (4) cez výfukový kanál (11).2. The method of operation of a six-stroke internal combustion engine, characterized by the fact that in the first stroke the piston (3) moves downward and air with fuel in a ratio of 1: 15 to 1: 25 enters the cylinder (4) or air without fuel enters into the cylinder (4), in the second stroke the piston (3) moves upwards and compresses the air with or without fuel, in the third stroke a spark jumps on the spark plug (6) and an explosion occurs or after fuel is injected through the injection nozzle ( 6') an explosion occurs, the piston (3) moves downwards, in the fourth stroke at the bottom dead center of the piston (3) the exhaust valve (12) is partially opened and the pressure in the cylinder (4) decreases and the piston (3) starts to move towards up and compress the exhaust gases with a temperature of 500 °C up to the top dead center of the piston (3) where the gases reach 2000 °C, in the fifth stroke at the top dead center of the piston (3) demineralized water is injected into the cylinder (4) and expansion occurs and the piston (3) moves downwards, in the sixth stroke, when the piston (3) moves upwards, steam is pushed out and mixed with the exhaust gases out of the cylinder (4) through the exhaust channel (11).
SK500062022U 2022-01-27 2022-01-27 Six stroke engine and its method of operation SK9597Y1 (en)

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