SK9054Y1 - Construction of a fixed horizontal screen on the facade of a building with photovoltaic cells - Google Patents

Abstract

The construction of a fixed horizontal screen on the facade of a building with photovoltaic cells consists of metal horizontal beams (4) which are fixed perpendicularly above the walls (1) via metal plates (2) and anchoring elements (3) on the transparent building elements. The horizontal beams (4) are reinforced by rotated metal lamellas (5) with fixed solar cells (6), which are interconnected by electrical conductors (7).

Description

SK 9054 Υ1

Field of technology

The technical solution relates to a method of solving the construction of a fixed horizontal screen on the facade of a building with photovoltaic cells placed above transparent surfaces. The technical solution can be included in the field of construction (architecture) and energy of buildings.

Prior art

21st century buildings are characterized by different architectural styles using modern technology and modern materials. Most buildings should impress the human eye as much as possible, whether in shape, height or layout. Preferred facade materials are glass, marble, wood, brick, metal and aluminum. The load-bearing structure is often hidden behind these different façade systems. The windows create a distinctive architectural element with their installation and area, which allows natural light to enter the interior. Glazed walls, French windows, panoramic windows are often used, which allows us to create large interior spaces with a variability of dividing structures. The pursuit of dominance, prestige or the brand's image leads to the construction of high-rise buildings, skyscrapers. The application of glass systems to heights and the need for energy-efficient buildings lead to the fact that the glazed walls are solid - unopened, ventilation is forced with recuperation. Overcrowding of interiors is desirable from a hygienic point of view, but when applying glass systems without sun protection, an undesirable greenhouse effect can occur in interiors. The solution is the application of special glass systems with sun protection and shading elements. A suitable architectural element of shading are various arranged curtains or slats in front of these glazed walls. The outer slats, the aim of which is to protect the interior from the sun's rays, are projected in front of the glazed wall on the frame structures as firmly mounted, resp. movable - controllable also by motor. There is an air gap between the glazing and the vertical slats - slats, which can also be transparent, for maintenance, cleaning of windows and slats. The current offer of shading exterior elements is rich in shape, dimensional, material (wood, steel, aluminum, plastic or composite) and color solutions. It respects not only the lighting and static requirements, but also the aerodynamic requirements of the wind and other outdoor climatic conditions of the site. Horizontal shading systems are like brackets placed above windows or other transparent structures located on the sunny side.

The importance of these exterior shading elements lies in providing not only shading from unwanted sunlight, but also in providing visual privacy protection. Energy efficient buildings require the application of renewable energy sources, among which solar energy has an irreplaceable position. The production of electricity from solar energy in solar systems begins in the photovoltaic panel. At present, the usual constructional versions of photovoltaic panels intended mainly for roof structures or mounted on rack structures are known. The design of such photovoltaic panels is usually a frame construction, a supporting rear wall, a system of interconnected photovoltaic cells placed between the layers of protective foil, vacuum space and protective glass. Such a solution is characterized in that the individual photovoltaic cells form a mutually planar grouping. To ensure the correct installation of such photovoltaic panels, it is necessary to choose the orientation of the panel so that the sun's rays hit the photovoltaic cells either vertically or the angle of the sun's rays against the perpendicular of the photovoltaic cells is as small as possible. The angle of rotation for static systems (not active) depends on the geographical location of the site.

The essence of the technical solution

The proposed solution of a fixed horizontal screen on the facade of a building with photovoltaic cells represents a multi-purpose construction. It is a screen with an inclined placement of solar cells in a structure with possible production of electricity, while the structure is self-supporting and cantilevered in front of the glazed wall of the facade or window above the upper lining. With its mass and the gaps between the individual slats with solar cells, this construction not only shades, but also lets part of the daylight into the interior.

The essence of the technical solution lies in the innovation of the current fixed horizontal blinds to the exterior with the integration of solar cells on the slats. Silicon solar cells are commercially available and various dimensional solutions can be assembled from them. The priority of the proposed solution is to place the photovoltaic cells on top of the lamella in the direction of the generally perpendicular impact of the sun's rays. These lamellar elements are made of strong, non-absorbent and safe materials, suitable for the exterior. By fixing the photovoltaic cells to the lamellas and connecting them to the cantilever beams, a solid self-supporting structure is created, which is anchored to the wall of the building via plates. Ejection, resp. the length of the horizontal bracket (d) above the window or glazed wall depends on the need for shading depending on the location, and

SK 9054 Υ1 world orientation. The length of the unloading can be variably adjusted by the number of lamellas with photovoltaic cells, which will be rotated obliquely at the required angle, depending on where they will be placed.

The construction of the screen, limited by length (d) and width (w), allows it to be folded and fixed to the load-bearing wall in various shapes. The screen can be combined as a solitaire over only one window or over a number of windows into one continuous screen, while the individual beams with photovoltaic cells will be connected to the horizontal beams. These structures can be installed on each floor above the upper linings of windows or glazed walls or they can be solved as extended roof ledges. The orientation of these structures to the southeast, south, southwest and west of the world is suitable according to the need for shading and the possibility of optimal use of solar energy for electricity production. Compositionally, these horizontal blinds with solar cells can also alternate with commercial blinds without solar cells as required and create interesting architectural solutions for facades.

Overview of figures in the drawings

The technical solution is explained in the drawings, while FIG. 1 shows a top view of the construction of a fixed horizontal screen on the facade of a building with photovoltaic cells, and FIG. 2 shows a section through the structure. FIG. 3 shows a top view of the construction of a fixed horizontal screen on the facade of a building with photovoltaic cells together with a section of the structure.

Examples of embodiments

In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 shows an example of the construction of a fixed horizontal screen on the facade of a building with photovoltaic cells, the essence of which consists in the fact that above the transparent surface - glazed wall or window, above the upper lining 1 horizontal beams 4 are mounted on the edges of the screen. 2 and anchoring elements 3 fixed perpendicular to the wall of the building. These horizontal beams 4 are reinforced transversely by lamellae 5 rotated at the optimal angle of incidence of the sun's rays in a given locality and solar panels 6 are mounted on them and interconnected by electrical conductors 7 which are connected to the building's photovoltaic system.

Industrial applicability

The construction of a fixed horizontal screen on the facade of a building with photovoltaic cells can be used as part of solar systems for the production of electricity from renewable sources. The use of solar energy, which is transformed into electricity in photovoltaic cells as part of a fixed horizontal screen and in other components of the solar system, is possible in decentralized electricity generation. Decentralized production is in the individual buildings, making these buildings energy efficient. The industrial applicability of the construction of a fixed horizontal screen on the facade of a building with photovoltaic cells is therefore not only in the field of energy, but also in the field of construction and architecture of buildings. At the same time, the solution contributes to the positive energy certification of buildings by generating electricity and screening for excessive insulation. The described construction solution is suitable over transparent surfaces during reconstructions and new constructions of buildings.

Claims (2)

SK 9054 Υ1 PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS Construction of a fixed horizontal screen on the facade of a building with photovoltaic cells, characterized in that it consists of metal horizontal beams (4) which are fixed perpendicularly above the walls (1) of transparent building elements via metal plates (2) and 5 anchoring elements (3) , wherein the horizontal beams (4) are transversely reinforced by metal lamellas (5) with firmly fixed solar cells (6), which are interconnected by electrical conductors (7). 2 drawings