SK500592020U1 - Construction of a fixed horizontal screen on the facade of a building with photovoltaic cells - Google Patents

Abstract

The construction of a fixed horizontal screen on the facade of a building with photovoltaic cells consists of metal horizontal beams (4) which are fixed perpendicularly above the walls (1) via metal plates (2) and anchoring elements (3) on the transparent building elements. The horizontal beams (4) are reinforced by rotated metal lamellas (5) with fixed solar cells (6), which are interconnected by electrical conductors (7).

Description

Technical field

The technical solution relates to a method of solving the construction of a fixed horizontal screen on the facade of a building with photovoltaic cells located above transparent surfaces. The technical solution can be included in the field of construction (architecture) and energy of buildings.

Prior art

21st century buildings are characterized by different architectural styles using modern technology and modern materials. Most buildings should impress the human eye as much as possible, whether in shape, height or layout. Painted solid materials are glass, marble, wood, brick, metal and aluminum. The supporting structure is often hidden behind these various reinforcement systems. The windows create a distinctive architectural element with their installation and surface, which allows natural light to enter the interior. Glazed walls, French windows, panoramic windows are often used, which allows the creation of large interior spaces with variability of dividing structures. The pursuit of dominance, prestige or the brand's image leads to the construction of high-rise buildings, skyscrapers. The application of glass systems to heights and the need for energy-efficient buildings lead to the fact that the glazed walls are solid - unopenable, ventilation is forced with recuperation. Overcoating of interiors is desirable from a hygienic point of view, but when applying glass systems without sun protection, an undesirable greenhouse effect can be created in the interiors. The solution is the application of special glass systems with sun protection and shading elements. A suitable architectural element of shading are various arranged curtains or lamellas in front of these glazed walls. The outer slats, the aim of which is to protect the interior from sunlight, are suspended in front of the glazed wall on the frame structures as firmly mounted resp. movable - controllable also by motor. There is an air gap between the glazing and the vertical slats - slats, which can also be transparent, for maintenance, cleaning of windows and slats. The current offer of shading exterior elements is rich in shape, dimensional, material (wood, steel, aluminum, plastic or composite) and lighting solutions. It respects not only the lighting and static requirements, but also the aerodynamic requirements of the wind and other exterior climatic conditions of the site. Horizontal shading systems are like brackets placed above windows or other transparent structures located on the sunny side.

The importance of these exterior shading elements lies in providing not only shielding from unwanted sunlight, but also in providing visual protection of privacy. Energy efficient buildings require the application of renewable energy sources, among which solar energy has an irreplaceable position. The production of electricity from solar energy in solar systems begins in a photovoltaic panel. At present, the usual constructional embodiments of photovoltaic panels intended mainly for roof structures or mounted on rack structures are known. The design of such photovoltaic panels is usually a frame structure, a supporting rear wall, a system of interconnected photovoltaic cells placed between the layers of the protective bed, the vacuum space and the protective glass. Such a solution is characterized by the fact that the individual photovoltaic cells form a mutually planar grouping. To ensure the correct installation of such photovoltaic panels, it is necessary to choose the orientation of the panel so that the sun's rays fall on the photovoltaic cells either perpendicularly, or the angle of the solar rays to the perpendicular to the perpendicular to the photovoltaic cells is as small as possible. The angle of rotation for static systems (not active) depends on the geographical location of the site.

The essence of the technical solution

The proposed solution of a fixed horizontal screen on the chasade of a building with photovoltaic cells represents a multipurpose constellation. It is a screen with an oblique placement of solar cells in the construction with the possible production of electricity, while the structure is self-supporting and cantilevered in front of the glazed wall of the facade or window above the upper lining. With its mass and the gaps between the individual lamellas with solar cells, this construction not only shades, but also transmits part of daylight into the interior.

The essence of the technical solution lies in the innovation of the current fixed horizontal blinds for the exterior with the integration of solar cells on the slats. Silicon solar cells are commercially available and various dimensional solutions can be assembled from them. The priority of the proposed solution is the placement of photovoltaic cells from above on the lamella in the direction of the generally perpendicular impact of the sun's rays. These plate-shaped lamella elements are made of strong, non-absorbent and safe materials, suitable for the exterior. By fixing the photovoltaic cells to the lamellas and connecting them to the cantilever beams, a solid self-supporting structure is created, which is anchored to the wall of the building via plates. Displacement, resp. the length of the extension of the horizontal bracket (d) above the lining of the window or glazed wall depends on the need for shading depending on the location and

S K 50059-2020 U1 world orientation. The length of the unloading can be variably adjusted by the number of lamellae with photovoltaic cells, which will be rotated obliquely in the desired angle according to where they will be placed.

The construction of the screen limited by the length (d) and width (w) allows it to be folded and pressed to the load-bearing wall into various shapes. The screen can be combined as a single window over one window or over a number of windows into one continuous screen, the individual slats with photovoltaic cells being connected to the horizontal beams. These structures can be installed on each floor above the upper linings of windows or glazed walls, or they can be solved as extended roof ledges. It is suitable to orient these structures to the southeast, south, southwest and west of the world according to the need for shading and the possibility of optimal use of solar energy for electricity production. Compositionally, these horizontal blinds with solar cells can also be alternated with commercial blinds without solar cells as required, and interesting architectural solutions for facades can be created.

Overview of figures in the drawings

The technical solution is explained in the drawings, wherein FIG. 1 shows a top view of the construction of a fixed horizontal screen on the facade of a building with photovoltaic cells, and FIG. 2 shows a section through the structure. FIG. 3 shows a top view of the construction of a fixed horizontal screen on the facade of a building with photovoltaic cells together with a section of the structure.

Examples of embodiments

In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 shows an example of the construction of a fixed horizontal screen on the facade of a building with photovoltaic cells, the essence of which lies in the fact that above a transparent surface - glazed wall or window, above the upper lining 1 are mounted horizontal beams 4 on the edges of the screen. 2 and anchoring elements 3 fixed perpendicular to the wall of the building. These horizontal beams 4 are reinforced transversely by lamellae 5 rotated at an optimal angle of incidence of the sun's rays in a given location and on them are mounted solar cells 6 interconnected by electrical conductors 7, which are connected to the photovoltaic system of the building.

Industrial applicability

The construction of a fixed horizontal screen on the facade of a building with photovoltaic cells can be used as part of solar systems for the production of electricity from renewable sources. The use of solar energy, which is transformed into electricity in photovoltaic cells as part of a fixed horizontal screen and in other components of the solar system, is possible in the decentralized production of electricity. Decentralized production is in the individual buildings, making these buildings energy efficient. The industrial applicability of the construction of a fixed horizontal screen on the facade of a building with photovoltaic cells is therefore not only in the field of energy, but also in the field of construction and architecture of buildings. At the same time, the solution contributes to the positive energy certification of buildings by producing electricity and screening for excessive insulation. The described construction solution is suitable over transparent surfaces during reconstructions and new constructions of buildings.

Claims (1)

CLAIMS FOR PROTECTION Construction of a fixed horizontal screen on the façade of a building with photovoltaic elements, characterized in that it consists of metal horizontal beams (4) which are fixed perpendicularly above the lining (1) of the transparent building elements via metal plates (2) and 5 anchoring elements (3) , wherein the horizontal beams (4) are transversely reinforced by metal lamellae (5) with firmly fixed solar cells (6), which are interconnected by electrical conductors (7).