SK8068Y1 - Modular frame construction - Google Patents

Abstract

The modular frame construction according to the present solution consists of a geometric shape construction, preferably a cube or a block, made of wooden beams (03), (04), (05), (06) and pillars (02) jointed by two-armed (01.5), three-armed (01.1), four-armed (01.2), five-armed (01.3) or hexagonal (01.4) joining parts, whereby said joining parts being formed from a steel hollow profile of a quadrangular or circular cross-section, fixed and reinforced by a triangular or polygonal reinforcement (08) with at least one opening (09) for anchoring a steel coupling bar (07) with tensioning thread and for mounting. Each arm of the two-armed (01.5), three-armed (01.1), four-armed (01.2), five-armed (01.3) or hexagonal (01.4) joining parts is equipped with at least one additional opening (11) for fixing wooden beams (03), (04), (05), (06) and pillars (02), whereby a mounting chamber (13) is in the joint of all the legs of said joining parts. The mounting chamber (13) is provided with at least one further opening (10) for interlocking the adjacent modular frames.

Description

Technical field

The solution concerns a modular building frame, which can also be used as a self-supporting frame. The system facilitates the construction, assembly and transport of various types of buildings.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

At present, the most common method of construction of brick or concrete or other materials that have a different material basis is the most common in construction, but the principle of construction is similar.

The disadvantage of such construction is their time demands, wet process during construction. Another negative factor in such construction is the more frequent supply of materials for construction. A disadvantage is also the limitation of the construction of the shell construction in winter. Such construction has a negative impact on the environment.

The less represented form of construction is the prefabricated method on site by a post or wall construction. The advantage is a substantial increase in construction speed with comparable or higher construction costs compared to conventional construction. The disadvantage is the foundation on the foundation strips or the board. The wall system must be complemented by a floor, ceiling and roof construction on the construction site, which is usually carried out in a similar way to conventional construction. This ultimately prolongs the assembly itself. Consequently, the building does not take full advantage of the prefabricated building.

These are the reasons why modular or container prefabricated construction is coming to the forefront. Various types of closed self-supporting cells or containers of mostly steel construction are used for construction. The advantage is a self-supporting construction, low weight, variability, foundation on the feet of smaller dimensions. The disadvantage is the all-steel construction of the “cage” less suitable for residential buildings, low fire resistance, thermal conductivity of the material, as well as the high price of steel.

The essence of the technical solution

The above-mentioned disadvantages are overcome by the structural module frame according to the present invention, which consists in that it consists of a cube-shaped or block-shaped construction made of wooden beams and wooden columns in corners joined by steel connecting parts. The wooden columns and wooden beams are inserted into the steel fittings. Spatial strength of the whole structure is provided by steel draw bars with tensioning threads.

The connecting parts can be two-to-six-armed and are made of steel profiles of rectangular or circular cross-section.

The floor plan of the basic building modular frame consists of wooden floor beams, which are connected in each corner by a connecting part - in the basic version it is a three-arm connecting part. Wooden columns are inserted into the connecting part. The four columns are again slid the three-leg fasteners. The frame is closed by beams in the roof plane. Eight steel three-arm connectors together with wooden beams and wooden columns create a spatial self-supporting modular frame construction. The three-spoke connector is used in difficult positions but also at the extreme top position of the gable roof. The part is designed so that wooden columns or wooden beams can be inserted and fixed in each x, y, z axis. It is made of steel profiles of quadrangular or circular cross-section, the individual arms are welded to each other at 90 ° or different angle and reinforced in corners with a triangular or polygonal reinforcement. The stiffener has a hole for anchoring the drawbar and anchoring hole for the staple when handling and transporting the frame. Stiffness of the whole structure is provided by steel draw bars with tensioning threads. The drawbars are placed as needed in vertical or horizontal surfaces of walls or floors. In the connection piece to be used in the floor position, there is also an opening for the rectification rod as a base connection. The rectification rod may have a rectangular or circular cross-section.

In the joint of all three arms of the three-arm connecting part is a mounting chamber for handling and mounting the individual parts together. Holes are available from the chamber to fix the steel part of the adjacent modular frame. The chamber also serves to attach the rectifying threaded rod for the purpose of aligning the individual module frames and fixing the adjacent frame from the top.

The three-leg fasteners are designed so that they can be fixed together when the module frames are added together. The frames can be added to each other in both the transverse and longitudinal directions as well as one on top of the other. The positioning of the modular frame on the frame will be provided by a threaded rectification rod.

The basic ground plan dimension of the modular frame is given by road transport to 2450 x 4950 mm, height

3250 mm. If necessary, the ground and height dimensions of the modular frame can be changed.

SK 8068 Υ1

The two-arm connector is designed so that wooden columns and rafters can be inserted and fixed in the y, z axes. It is also possible to insert a wooden beam from each side into the two-arm connecting part in the central part of FIG. 12 and 15. The part is made of steel profiles of quadrangular or circular cross-section, the individual arms are welded to each other at an angle of 120 °, 135 ° and 150 °, or at different angles and reinforced at the connection point with a triangular or multi-angle reinforcement. A 3D representation of the part is shown in FIG. 12. The two-arm connector is used for saddle roofing of basic modular shapes. The multi-angled design of the parts allows several pitched roof pitches. The use of the two-arm connector in different positions of the 45 ° roof can be seen in FIG. 13, 14 and 15. If the elevated attic is not envisaged, this connecting piece is slid over the extension onto the three-armed or four-armed connector. When the attic is raised, the two-leg connector is slid directly onto the wooden post.

The four-spoke connector is used in circumferential positions, but also at the central apex position of the gable roof. Four wooden beams and wooden columns are inserted into the workpiece - at 90 ° or different angles as needed. The connecting part will be equipped with triangular or polygonal reinforcements with a hole for the drawbar. In a single-deck frame construction, a four-arm connector is used in the lower center (floor) section and the upper center (roof) section, see fig. 7 and 15. In a multi-storey structure, a four-leg connector is used at the periphery in the lower central (floor) section and in the upper central (roof) section, but also between one floor and the other on the corner. In the connection piece to be used in the floor position, there will also be an opening for the rectification rod as a base connection. The rectification rod may have a rectangular or circular cross-section.

The five-arm connector is used in circumferential and center positions. Five wooden beams and wooden poles are inserted into the workpiece together at 90 ° or different angles as needed. The connecting part will be equipped with triangular or polygonal reinforcements with a hole for the drawbar. In a single-deck frame construction, this connector is used in the lower center (floor) section and the upper center (roof) section, see fig. 7 and 15. In a multi-storey structure, a five-arm connector is used on the perimeter in a position between one floor and the other. In the connection piece to be used in the floor position, there will also be an opening for the rectification rod as a base connection. The rectification rod may have a rectangular or circular cross-section.

The six-arm connector is used in the middle positions between one floor and the other, see Figure 7. Six wooden beams and columns are inserted into the workpiece at 90 ° or different angles as needed. The connecting part will be equipped with triangular or polygonal reinforcements with a hole for the drawbar.

The advantage of the building module system according to the present solution is its low weight, which is of the order of magnitude less than that of a steel frame. The weight of the timber beams and the wooden columns of the frame construction also has an impact on the assembly as well as on the transport and ultimately on the load on the foundations of the objects. The wooden pillars of the basic modular frame carry the vertical load and there is no need for strip or plate foundation for objects unless the situation so requires. The modular frame is based on the footings, thus eliminating excavation work on the land. The modular frame can be anchored to the base foot through a quadrangular or circular cross-section, and thus there is no need for full-surface waterproofing of the building from ground moisture and any soil radon. In areas with floods, the frame can be placed on raised foundations, eliminating the risk of building flooding.

The basic modular frame is self-supporting and wooden beams are prepared for wooden substructure of floors, walls and ceilings. The biggest advantage is that individual modular frames can be produced in the production hall as required, or complete the filling of the structure as well as the interior surfaces of walls, floors and ceilings and built-in furniture. Indoor production is the most efficient production method with respect to the environment. This eliminates the closure of the construction of buildings in winter. The production of the basic modular frame as well as the finalized whole assembly is accurate, fast and there are no accidental defects as in the construction of objects in masonry or concrete construction. The speed of such construction has a positive impact on the environment, the traffic load itself and, last but not least, the comfort of the surrounding buildings. The noise level of construction is eliminated to a minimum, as the essence of production is in the hall.

The biggest benefit of the modular frame according to the presented solution is its modularity and unlimited variability in its assembly and thus creating various types of buildings as well as their forms. One possibility is also to realize the modular frame on the spot, if the place of realization is not easily accessible or it is more advantageous. In this case, the two- and six-arm wooden parts and connecting parts are used separately. The fasteners have the advantage that the timber columns and timber beams are inserted and temporarily held even without screwing, which facilitates the assembly itself.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Fig. 1 shows one structural modular timber frame, in plan view and in two views.

SK 8068 Yl

Fig. 2 shows a three-arm connector in 2D view, plan view and two views.

Fig. 3 shows a three-arm connector in 3D view, with no wooden prisms inserted.

Fig. 4 shows a three-armed connecting piece in 3D, with wooden prisms inserted.

Fig. 5 shows in 3D the composition of the frames forming the family house, the frames being without scrubbing.

Fig. 6 shows in 3D a composition of frames forming a family house, with scouring and draw bars.

Fig. 7 shows a 3D diagram of the use of three- to six-arm connectors.

Fig. 8 shows a three-armed connector in a 90 ° embodiment in 3D.

Fig. 9 shows a four-arm connector in a 90 ° embodiment in 3D.

Fig. 10 shows a five-arm connector in a 90 ° embodiment in 3D.

Fig. 11 shows a six-arm connector in a 90 ° embodiment in 3D.

Fig. 12 shows a roof two-arm connector in a 135 ° embodiment in 3D view.

Fig. 13 shows a 2D view, with four modules in cross-section, with a gable 45 ° roof.

Fig. 14 shows 2D views, with three modules in cross-section, with a gable 45 ° roof, in an embodiment with a raised roof and without raising the roof.

Fig. 15 shows, in 3D, the composition of the parts forming a house with a gabled 45 ° roof, in an embodiment with a raised roof and without raising the roof.

EXAMPLES

The basic building unit of the construction of the modular system, according to FIG. 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 13, 14, 15, are wooden beams 03, 04, 05, 06, which form a rectangular or square base of the floor or ceiling and are also columns 02. These are sized according to class load in individual regions and will be delivered in exact dimensions as required.

When delivering the individual parts of the structure separately, wooden beams and wooden columns are also used for any roof inclination, as shown in FIG. 13, 14, 15, connected by a three-leg connector 01.1, a four-leg connector 01.2, a two-leg connector 01.5, and an extension 14. The central wooden column 15 supports the wooden beam 19. The wooden rafters 16 create the roof pitch itself and are reinforced with a wooden collet. If a raised roof is considered, it is formed by a shorter column 15 extending circumferentially. Additional wooden beams 18 are placed on these columns.

The second building block of the modular system is the steel two-arm fasteners 01.5, the three-arm fasteners 01.1, the four-arm fasteners 01.2, the five-arm fasteners 01.3 or the six-arm fasteners 01.4. In the basic version of the modular frame, the three-leg connector 01.1 joins all the wooden beams 03, 04, 05, 06 and the wooden columns 02 into one frame. The three-arm connector 01.1 is shown in 2D in FIG. 2 and 3D view of FIG. 3, 4, 8 separately. The individual positions within the assemblies are shown in FIG. 5, 6, 7 and 15.

The three-leg connector 01.1 also serves for anchoring the steel rod with tensioning thread 07. In the three-leg connector 01.1 in the triangular or polygonal reinforcement 08, an anchor hole 09 for anchoring the steel rod 07 with tensioning threads is also integrated. In each arm of the three-arm connector 01.1, holes 11 are provided for fixing the timber beams 03, 04, 05, 06 and the wooden poles 02 after insertion. In the connection of all three arms there is a mounting chamber 13, it is a hollow space for handling and mounting the individual parts together. In each three-armed connector 01.1, holes 10 are provided for fixing a plurality of module frames to each other.

The mounting chamber 13 will always be accessible from the side as required by the coupling. If the three-leg connector 01.1 is in the base, in contact with the base, it also includes a rectifying steel threaded rod 12, which serves to align the individual modular frames, but also to fix the adjacent frame from the top. The rectifying threaded rod 12 may have a rectangular or circular cross-section. The modular frame thus assembled is self-supporting.

All types of fasteners are supplied separately, ie two-arm fasteners 01.5, three-arm fasteners 01.1, four-arm fasteners 01.2, five-arm fasteners 01.3, and six-arm fasteners 01.4, as well as a steel extension 14 used to cover the base modules roof. These connecting parts are shown in the 3D view of FIG. 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12. FIG. 7 and 15 is an example of construction where all types of fasteners are used, namely two-arm fasteners 01.5, three-arm fasteners 01.1, four-arm fasteners 01.2, five-arm fasteners 01.3, and six-arm fasteners 01.4 in different positions.

The same mounting chambers 13 and openings apply to the types of fasteners - three-arm connector 01.1, four-arm connector 01.2, five-arm connector 01.3 and six-arm connector 01.4

09, 10, 11 as described.

SK 8068 Υ1

If an inclined roof base module frame extension is envisaged, two-arm fasteners 01.5 are used, which are slid onto the steel extension 14. The attachment 14 is inserted into the mounting chamber 13. The two-arm fasteners 01.5 have a side wall pocket 20 for receiving wooden beams 18 When the roof is raised, the two-arm joining piece 01.5 is pushed directly onto the next central wood pillar 15. In the two-arm joining parts 01.5, holes 11 are also provided for fixing the wooden pillars of the central 15 and rafters 16, preferably by wood screws. The wooden rafter 16 is pushed into the two-leg connector 01.5 from the upper side, onto which the three-leg connector 01.1 or the four-leg connector 01.2 is pushed in the top position. Another wooden beam 19 is slid into the preformed structure. Together they form a spatial modular frame of the pitched roof.

The third building element of the modular frame is steel tension rods 07 with tensioning threads, which serve as a static system for clamping the assemblies of the modular frames, but also for the transport of the frame.

The planar base of the basic modular frame consists of wooden beams 03, 04, 05, 06, which are joined together by steel triple-arm connectors 01.1 at each corner at a 90 degree angle. The wooden columns 02 of the entire structure are inserted into the three-leg connector 01.1. On four wooden poles 02, three-leg coupling parts 01.1 are slid again. The timber beams 04, 06 enclose the frame. The timber beams 03, 04, 05, 06 and the wooden columns 02 are fixed by screws in the three-leg joints 01.1.

The eight steel three-arm fasteners 01.1 together with the wooden beams 03, 04, 05, 06 and the wooden columns 02 create a spatial self-supporting frame structure, coated with steel tension rods 07 with tensioning threads.

When delivering the individual parts of the structure separately, the individual connecting parts are designed, namely the two-arm coupling parts 01.5, the three-arm coupling parts 01.1, the four-arm coupling parts 01.2, the five-arm coupling parts 01.3 or the six-arm coupling parts. according to the designed ground plan shape.

The floor and ceiling sections of the modular building frame are pre-prepared for the transverse bore of the floor and ceiling. It is also possible to use the side frames for the washing of non-bearing uprights. The ejection and non-load-bearing props in the final state contribute to the overall static rigidity of the structure. After scrubbing, the entire panel frame infill can be designed to meet the standard thermal and technical characteristics of the individual regions, both on perimeter wall structures and on the roof. Window and two openings can be designed as required between the scrubbings.

Doors and windows are then installed in the openings.

The assembly of individual modular frames, including interior furniture, can be realized in the production hall made to measure. This solution, of course, depends on the specific order.

When using the modular building system according to the present solution as the basic building system for prefabricated building kits, it is possible to consider technologies and installation wiring installed directly in the ceiling, wall and floor constructions. Individual wiring will be prepared in the production hall so that it can be connected directly to the construction site. Once assembled, all wiring will be functional and will form a single unit.

Industrial usability

Building modular system according to the presented solution is usable mainly in building industry. It can be used for several types of buildings with different functions and character, such as small buildings: park pavilions, winter garden, gazebo, pergola, shelter, garage, weekend cottage, lookout tower, cozy house, mobile homes, family house, apartment building on three floors, condominiums, as well as non-residential buildings: boarding house, community center, field hospital, mobile cell, administration, kindergarten, training center, warehouses, object for trade - services.

Claims (3)

PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS A building modular frame, characterized in that it consists of a structure made of wooden beams (03), (04), (05), (06) and wooden columns (02), which are connected to each other by means of two-arm connecting parts ( 01.5), three-arm fittings (01.1), four-arm fittings (01.2), five-arm fittings (01.3) or six-arm fittings (01.4) and fastened by at least one tension rod (07), where the two-arm fittings (01.5) , three-armed connecting parts (01.1), four-armed connecting parts (01.2), five-armed connecting parts (01.3) or six-armed connecting parts (01.4) are made of steel hollow profiles fixed to each other and reinforced with a triangular or polygonal reinforcement (08) and equipped with at least one hole (09) for anchoring a steel rod (07) with a tensioning thread, where each arm of a double-arm joint the connecting parts (01.5), the three-arm connectors (01.1), the four-arm connectors (01.2), the five-arm connectors (01.3) or the six-arm connectors (01.4) are provided with at least one additional opening (11) for fixing wooden beams (03), (05), (05), 15 (06) and wooden poles (02), wherein at the joint of all arms of the two-arm connectors (01.5), three-arm connectors (01.1), four-arm connectors (01.2), five-arm connectors (01.3) or six-arm connectors (01.4) ) is a mounting chamber (13). A modular building frame according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the mounting chamber (13) is provided with at least one further opening (10) for fixing the adjacent modular frames to one another. 20 frames. A modular frame according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the two-arm coupling parts (01.5), the three-arm coupling parts (01.1), the four-arm coupling parts (01.2), the five-arm coupling parts (01.3) or the six-arm coupling parts (01.4). are made of steel profiles of four-square or circular cross-section. The building module frame according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it has a cube or cuboid shape.