SK7132001A3 - Structure made of web members for trusses - Google Patents

Abstract

A structure (12) made of web members for trusses (11) in which the web members (20) are produced in a single piece and firmly attached to each other at their extremities, where the firmly attached extremities of each pair of consecutive and adjacent web members (20) are converging at peak points (21, 21') of the structure (12) and the opposite extremities of the pairs of the consecutive and adjacent web members (20) are distanced from each other to form a continous structure suitable for being associated with the braces (13) of the trusses (11).

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to a structure made of belt members and intended for trusses.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

It is known that trusses are formed by struts which are interconnected by belt members. These belt members may be formed by transverse trusses and / or transverse stiffening brackets, depending on the stresses that the truss must transmit.

Transverse trusses are usually used when a structure has to be designed that has to withstand high stresses, especially of the bending type, and when a large structure has to be built for large portals with a wide width.

The crossbeams are attached to the struts by means of interposed clips that support the crossbeams and reinforce the joint. The connection can be made in various ways, for example using connection elements such as rivets nails, screws, welds and the like.

Transverse trusses of a known type commonly mean that a relatively large number of connecting elements must be used in order to form a connection and subsequently create a truss. This obviously means that

The resulting construction is extremely heavy, complex and also costly.

In addition, the assembly phase is very long and complicated, since each individual truss must be connected to the struts, using all connecting elements.

The above-mentioned deficiencies are accompanied by the fact that it is very impossible to observe physically the convergence of the crossbeam trusses with the crossbars.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to overcome the above-mentioned technical drawbacks by providing a structure made of belt members intended for trusses which allows the interconnections between the struts to be made in a very simple construction manner.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a structure made of belt members capable of being attached to struts using a few quick and simple steps.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a construction made of belt members that can be produced with a very limited amount of waste and, consequently, in a very inexpensive manner.

Finally, it is an object of the present invention to provide a structure made of belt members by means of which trusses of a safe and reliable type can be formed.

The foregoing as well as other objects of the present invention have been accomplished by providing a construction made of belt members for trusses, said belt members being made in one piece and fixedly connected to each other at their ends, said rigidly attached the ends of each pair of successive and adjacent belt members converge in the apex region of said structure, and the opposing ends are spaced apart from each other to form a continuous structure suitable for association with some struts of said truss, said belt members being transverse trusses; the apex regions are rigidly attached to the clips made in one piece with said ends of said crossbeams to facilitate the attachment of said structure to said struts, said clips being extensions, e.g. L-shaped and suitable for association with said struts of said trusses, said successive and adjacent transverse trusses being symmetrical in pairs relative to the axes of symmetry at right angles to the centroids of said struts, said structure being mounted on said struts for wherein said struts are formed by a central molded portion having sides of substantially the same size, the protruding extensions also have substantially the same L-shaped sides having substantially half the size of said sides of said central molded portion, the apexes of said extensions having an L-shape facing each other, said clips having a first flap and a second bent flap, each first flap associated with said extensions, and each second bent flap is associated with the inside of said braces.

Said crosspiece trusses have centroids which substantially cross each other at the center of gravity of said struts.

Said struts are preferably made in a number of four.

The structure of the present invention connects at least two pairs of said struts of said truss.

The structure of the present invention is rigidly attached to at least another of said structures to form composite structures suitable for interconnecting some braces having a size exceeding the size of a single structure.

The construction of the present invention preferably has no triangular portions that represent its bent flaps.

Some types of apex region located on the ideal side of said structure differ from said apex regions located on the opposite ideal side because they do not have a triangular flap of said extension that represents said clip.

In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a truss comprising four struts, wherein said struts are connected to one another and at least in pairs are attached to structures made of belt members, said caskets made of belt members, converge in the same region of said struts and are therefore connected to one another in the crossing regions, wherein the first structure made of belt members has apex regions firmly attached to one of said struts, its first bent flaps being associated with the sides of a portion of said struts and its transverse trusses are simultaneously associated with the sides of some extensions of said braces, wherein the transverse trusses of the second structure converge on the same strut, constituting the second bent flaps attached to a portion of said first construction spaced between two adjacent transverse prisms and said second flaps.

The construction made of the belt members according to the present invention makes it possible to advantageously create trusses of low weight, so that they can be made of expensive materials, such as stainless steel, special or extremely high-strength steel or aluminum.

The installation of trusses comprising the belt members of the present invention also requires the use of only a limited number of connecting elements such as nails, rivets, screws or the like.

This makes it possible to create structures for trusses in a considerably shorter time, at lower costs and with a smaller amount of materials as compared to the trusses known hitherto.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention will now be explained in more detail by way of examples of specific embodiments thereof, the description of which will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 shows a front view of a portion of a steel sheet from which various structures made of belt members according to the invention are to be cut, wherein the dotted lines indicate the cutting lines, and wherein the dashed lines indicate the cuts and notches to be made;

Fig. 2 is a front view of a portion of a single structure made of belt members according to the present invention at a certain stage of its manufacture;

Fig. 3 is a front view of a portion of the structure made of the belt members shown in FIG. 2 in a fully completed state;

4A is a side cross-sectional view of a portion of the belt members of the present invention for mounting a truss, taken along line IV-IV of FIG. 5;

4B is a side cross-sectional view of a portion of various embodiments of a structure made of belt members, according to the present invention, for mounting a truss;

Fig. 5 is a front cross-sectional view of the belt members of the present invention for mounting a truss, with the cross section taken along line V-V of Fig. 4A;

Fig. 6 shows a front view of a portion of a steel sheet from which various structures made of belt members according to the invention are to be cut; and

it in line with a second embodiment, wherein the phantom lines indicate the cutting lines on steel plate, and wherein the dashed lines indicate

cut-outs and notches to be made in a steel sheet;

Fig. 7 is a front view of a portion of a single structure made of steel members and obtained from the steel sheet shown in FIG. 6 at a certain stage of manufacture;

Fig. 8 shows a front view of a portion of the structure made of the belt members shown in Fig. 7 in a fully finished state;

Fig. 9 is a side cross-sectional view of a portion of the structure made of the belt members shown in Fig. 8 for the installation of a truss, taken along line IX-IX in Fig. 9. 10; and

Fig. 10 is a front cross-sectional view of the truss mounting assembly of the present invention, taken along the line X-X of Fig. 9.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

1 through 5, a construction made of belt members is generally indicated by the reference numeral 12 and which is part of the truss 11.

The truss 11 comprises four struts 13 arranged along its edges. These struts 13 are, for example, formed by an L-shaped central section 14 with sides 15 of equal size. The extension 16 protrudes from each of the sides 15 and is also L-shaped and has sides 17 that are substantially equally large and equal to half the size of the sides 15 of the central portion 14 so that the respective peaks 18 of the extensions 16 face each other against each other.

In a first embodiment of the truss 11, the struts 13 are connected to each other by means of four structures 12 made of belt members according to the invention. The structures 12 attached to a single strut 13 are offset from each other so that they can be joined without interfering with each other in the crossing region 19.

The structure 12, made of belt members, consists of a continuous series of crossbeams 20 made in one piece and having a U-shaped cross-section. The two successive and adjacent crossbeams (see FIG. 4A) have their first ends fixedly connected to each other. they converge in the apex regions 21 of the structure 12, while their opposite ends are separated from each other and are rigidly attached to the following crossbeams

20th

these design 12 of belt members are connected for struts 13 in their relevant top areas 21 through a pair

connecting elements 34. It will be understood that the crossbeams 20 are not rigidly attached at the ends to any other crossbeams 20.

The apex regions 21 are also rigidly attached to the fasteners 22 which are made in one piece together with the ends of the crossbeams 20, their ends bent in an L-shape suitably to be associated with the inner surfaces of the sides 15 of the central part 14 of the strut 13. the first flap 35 'top is shaped like a rectangle, while the other bent lip 35 ^{of' 1} is profiled as

triangle behind material. to optimization consumption Two sides transverse Prisons 20 shaped the letters U create wings 23, having oblique ends 24 from technological reasons or it can be some

material added. This advantageously allows attachment of the structure 12 to the struts 13 and keeping the wings 23 so that they do not become an obstacle.

The connection of the structure 12 from the belt members to the struts 13 is made by associating the bent flap 35 'of the fasteners 22 with the inner side 15 of the strut 13, and simultaneously by associating the crossbeams 20 with one side 17 of the extension 16 having the same position.

In the preferred embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 4B, the connection between the struts 13 and the crossbeams 20 is such that the crossbeams 25 cross the crossbeams 26 of the crossbars.

13. In this way, the center of gravity 25, indicated by the dotted line, converge at the center of gravity 36 of the strut 13. In this arrangement, the connection is made using three connecting elements 34.

The attachment of the crossbeams 20 to the struts 13 is performed using connecting elements 34, such as nails, rivets, screws, welds or other known connecting means.

The method of manufacturing the structure 12 from the belt members for the trusses 11 according to the invention is as follows.

The process begins with a steel plate 27 having, for example, 2 x 6 (2,000 x 6,000 mm) dimensions.

In the first stage of the process (see FIG. 1), where some crossbeams 20 have a U-shaped cross-section and have an angle α of inclination towards struts 13 of e.g. 45 ° when mounted, the steel plate 27 is cut into profiled sawtooth sections teeth to produce the following and adjacent transverse trusses 20 which are symmetrical in pairs relative to the symmetry axis 33 which closes at right angles to the center of gravity 26 of the strut 13 when the structure 12 is mounted on the struts 13 to form the truss 11.

The distance L1 between two successive peak regions 21, measured in a direction parallel to the struts 13 when the truss 11 is assembled, is a function of the angle and inclination of the crossbeams 20 on the struts 13. In order for the steel plate 27 to cover the full number of crossbars 20 be the distance L1 by the multiple of the width of the steel sheet

27th

The distance H 1 between two successive peak regions 21, measured in a direction perpendicular to the struts 13 when the truss 11 is assembled, is a function of the height of the desired truss 11.

Finally, the distance L ₂ between the two following expressions is a function of making a U-shaped cross-section.

The cutting of the steel plate 27 may be carried out with the aid of a steel material cutting device, a plasma or laser cutting device, or any other known device.

During cutting and rounding, some of the cut-out regions 28 are removed, with some notches 28 'being made necessary for the subsequent bending of the crossbeams 20.

In the second stage of the process (see FIG. 2), the steel plate 27 is cut into elements 29, wherein the waste cuts resulting from the formation of the cut areas 28 are removed.

After cutting and splitting the steel plate 27 into several elements 29, some optional welds are made at the end 30 to form a structure 12 whose dimensions are larger than the dimensions of the steel plate 27. These welds 30 are preferably bonded along the end 31 of the crossbeams. 20th

In the third stage of the process, the elements 29 are bent along the dashed lines 32 shown in FIG. 2, so that a U-shaped cross-beam truss profile 20 is formed, as shown in FIG. 3. For this purpose it uses a mechanical dies raz'níc, ¹ cutting equipment, cutting equipment and the press alike.

The structures 12 made of the belt members are finally attached to the struts 13 to form a truss 11, as shown in Figures 4A and 5.

6 to 10, the struts 13 of the truss 11 are connected by means of four structures 12, manufactured by belt members according to FIGS.

of the present invention, which in this case not they are together each other offset, but they converge sa v the same areas strut 13, h as a result They are On me each other connected in areas 19 crossing.

The structures 12 made from the belt members are similar to the previous embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 6, triangular portions that are designated by reference and which form flaps of 35 '' structures

12, are removed, and the cut-out regions 28 are appropriately widened to prevent any interference with each other when assembling the structure into the truss 11. It should be noted that the cut-out regions thus obtained, shown in FIG. while limiting the number of individual viewports.

After cutting the steel plate 27, the elements are obtained

I ’

29 as shown in FIG. 7.

For the aforementioned reasons, the elements 29 are provided with very wide cut areas and different apex areas 21 and 21 'on their ideal opposite sides.

The peak regions 21 are in fact identical to the peak regions 21 already described, while the peak regions 21 'differ from them due to the lack of the triangular flap 35' (represented by the triangular portion 28 of the ^zzz steel plate 27 in FIG. 6), which has been removed here, and due to the fact that the flaps 35 ^of are bent at right angles ¹ with respect to the crossbeams 20 along the dashed lines 32.

Constructions 12 made of belt members and formed in this manner are used to manufacture trusses 11 in a second embodiment of the present invention.

The lattice girders 11 in this second embodiment also comprise four struts 13 which are interconnected by means of structures 12 made of the belt members according to the invention.

As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, each web member 12 has its own apex region 21 opposite the apex region 21 ^{of the} adjacent web member 12, and in the same way the apex 21 'is positioned opposite the apex region 21 of the adjacent web 12. belt members. '

The first structure 12, made of belt members, has each apex region 21 the same as the apex region 21 in the belt member construction 12 according to the first embodiment of the invention, the apex region 21 being attached to one of the struts 13 as above. described with the aid of one bent flap 35 'associated with the side 15 and at the same time with the crossbeams 20 associated with one side 17 of the extension 16 having the same position.

The transverse trusses 20 of the second web member 12, converging on the same strut 13, are first provided with a folded flap 35 ^z , attached to a portion of the first web 12 positioned between adjacent transverse trusses 20 and the flap 35 '.

The resulting truss 11 is shown in sectional view in FIG. 10.

In this second embodiment, the truss 11 is formed of a structure 12 made of the belt members of the present invention, being particularly rigid and capable of undergoing very little deformation.

In another embodiment of the present invention, structures 12 made of belt members may be machined as described in the second embodiment, but without removing the triangular portions 28 of the ^zzz steel sheet 27.

I

In this case, if the apex regions 21 of the first structure 12 are attached to the struts 13, as described above, the apex regions 21 ^{of the} second structure 12 of the band members converging on the same strut 13 are attached to the same as shown. in a second embodiment, with the help of flaps 35 ^z and 35 ^zz representing a single flap bent relative to the crossbeams 20.

In a different embodiment of the truss 11, the struts 13 are coupled in pairs by the belt member structures 12 of the present invention, the pairs of struts 13 being further coupled by cross bracing brackets of other known devices. This allows the construction of trusses 11 of very complex construction, which are able to withstand different stresses at different levels.

The belt member structure 12 of the present invention may also include various combinations of transverse trusses and / transverse stiffening brackets, depending on the requirements and requirements.

the stresses resist. must priehradový nosní! L 11 In practice it was found that construction 12 made of belt members, has proven to be very profitable connecting elements. it

understandably, it also leads to savings in terms of the weight of the trusses and, consequently, to substantial economic savings.

In addition, the installation of trusses using the belt member structures 12 of the present invention is considerably simpler, faster and also automatic.

The truss girder construction 12 made in this manner can be embodied in a variety of modifications and variations, all of which are within the scope of the present invention. In addition, a number of details may be replaced by other techniques equivalent to details.

In practice, materials and dimensions of any type can be used, depending on the respective technical requirements. '

Claims (8)

A structure (12) made of belt members for trusses (11), said belt members (20) being made in one piece and fixed to each other at their ends, said fixed ends of each pair of successive and adjacent band members (20) converge in the apex region (21,21 ') of said structure (12), and opposing ends of said pairs and adjacent band members (20) spaced apart to form a structure suitable for strut association (20). 13) of said truss wherein said band members (20) are transverse are fixed following are mutually continuous with some beam (11) represented by regions (21) made by said attachments of a single transverse said strut (13), apex for the clips (22), said ends (20) for facilitating the construction (12) of said The fasteners (22) are L-shaped extensions suitable for being associated with said struts (13) of said trusses (11), said following and adjacent cross girders (20) being ¹ ; · Symmetrical in pairs with respect to the symmetry axis (33), forming right angles to the center of gravity (26) of said struts (13), said structure (12) being mounted on said struts (13) to form said truss (11), characterized in that said struts (13) are formed by a central shaped part (14) having sides (15) of substantially the same size, the protruding extensions (16) also have substantially the same L-shaped sides (17) having substantially half the size of said sides (15) of said central molded part (14) wherein the apexes (18) of said extensions (16) having an L-shape face each other, said clips (22) having a first flap (35 ') and a second bent flap (35 ''), wherein each first flap (35 ') is associated with said extensions (16), and each second bent flap (35'') is associated with an inner side (15) of said blades. r (13). Structure (12) according to claim 1, characterized in that said banded crossbeams (20) have a center of gravity (25) that substantially cross each other at the center of gravity (36) of said struts (13). Construction (12) according to claim 1, characterized in that said struts (13) are made in a number of four. A structure (12) according to claim 1, characterized in that at least two pairs of said struts (13) of said truss (11) are connected to each other. I i. ¹ A structure (12) according to claim 1, characterized in that it is rigidly attached to at least another of said structures (12) to form composite structures suitable for interconnecting some of the struts (13) the size of which exceeds the size of a single structure (12). Construction (12) according to claim 1, characterized in that it has no triangular portions (28 ') that represent its bent flaps (35). Structure (12) according to claim 4, characterized in that some second apex regions (21 ') located on the ideal side of said structure (12) differ from said apex regions (21) located on the opposite ideal side, since they do not have a triangular flap (35) of said extension which represents said clip (22). A truss (11) comprising four struts (13), wherein said struts (13) are connected to each other and at least in pairs are connected to structures (12) made of belt members, said structures (12) manufactured of the belt members converge in the same region of said struts (13) and are therefore connected to each other in the crossing regions (19), characterized in that the first structure (12), the top regions of said flap struts. (35) are made of belt members, has (21) rigidly attached to one (13), its first bent associated with the sides (15) of the portion (14) of said struts (13) being simultaneously associated with the extensions. (16) of said crossbeams (20) by the sides (17) of some struts (13), furthermore the crossbars (20) of the second structure (12) converge on the same strut (13), representing the second bent flaps (35 ') ) attached to a portion of said first structure (12) located between two adjacent crossbeams by said second flaps (35 ').