SK50382010U1 - Device for optical sorting mixture of cockle and cereals - Google Patents

Abstract

Device for optical sorting mixture of cockle and cereals, which includes reservoir mixture, the output follows the vibration unit arrangement of individual particles mixture side by side in one layer connected with the further slide in whose bottom half is placed at least one optical unit, the optical resolution of particle mixtures, comprising at least two light sources and sensors at least two light signals to an evaluation unit, which is connected to pneumatic sorting unit for physical separation of particles detected darker theme, and a sorting unit is arranged in both end dump the sorted particles suggestion, both dump the sorted particles cereals.

Description

Apparatus for optical sorting of mixture of ergot and cereal

Technical field

The technical solution relates to optical sorting of mixture of ergot and cereal, especially rye.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

At present, the sorting of the mixture containing name and cereal, in particular rye, is carried out in such a way that, after harvesting and eventually subsequent drying and net pre-cleaning, this material is separated on vibratory pneumatic sorting tables. The principle of separation is such that a mixture of materials with different specific weights (nameľ - purple cyan and rye) is regulated from the filling device in one corner of the table. The table has an adjustable slope, both in the longitudinal and transverse directions. The work table is then shaken eccentrically in the transverse direction. The mixture is sorted on a vibrating table, through which an adjustable amount of air passes from below. The table is adjusted such that it rises from the supply of the mixture to the material side of the larger table weight and decreases to the material side of the smaller table weight. The sorted material moves in a fan-like manner in terms of a flowing liquid, with the more massive particles (grains) falling, while the less massive particles flow up. Since the more massive particles have better contact with the table surface, they move upwards due to the oscillating movement of the table. Thus, less massive particles floating on top move downwards. Thus, on such a device, the particles are separated from each other only on the basis of their different mass.

In the vast majority of cases, however, an ergot fraction having the same weight as the grain of rye occurs. Such a mixture cannot therefore be sorted out satisfactorily on the above-mentioned apparatus. The size of these fractions depends on the harvest year, which includes variations in the weather, especially dry and wet seasons, as well as the effects of pests and weeds, and the percentage of rye impurities.

Most grains of rye show immaturity when collecting ergot, therefore they are subsequently carriers of moisture, but especially in the purification process they gradually dry out and then their weight is compared with the weight of ergot grains (particles). In general, the longer the time used to separate and purify this problematic fraction, the worse the results are due to the gradual drying of rye grains.

Thus, it is clear from the prior art that a satisfactory screening of the mixture of ergot and cereal, especially rye, in a device based on the classification of particles (grains) according to their different weight is never fully achieved.

The essence of the technical solution

The problem is solved by a device for separating and sorting mixtures of materials containing particles of the same or different weight on the basis of different color of these particles.

The apparatus according to the present invention generally comprises a container for the sorted mixture, which proceeds uniformly distributed in one layer into the optical unit, which, based on the evaluation of the different colors of the individual particles of the split mixture by means of software, performs sorting these particles with subsequent connection to the final physical separation by the jet of compressed air of previously determined color-different particles from the other particles into mutually separated hoppers.

The sorting device according to the present invention comprises an unsorted mixture container, the output of which is coupled to a vibration unit for arranging the individual particles of the mixture side by side in a single layer, with an additional slip connected in the lower half of the at least one optical unit. , comprising at least two light sources and at least two light signal sensors with an evaluation unit which is connected to a pneumatic sorting unit for physically separating the detected darker ergot particles, with an end hopper for the sieved ergot particles and a hopper for the sifted particles cereals.

Prior to loading into the container, the screened mixture may optionally be pre-dried and / or pre-cleaned of the chaff.

In a preferred embodiment, the sifted cereal is rye.

For a very sharp screening of the rye and ergot particles, it is advantageous for the already screened rye or ergot particles to be subjected to a further screening after the first sorting.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The technical solution will be explained in more detail below with reference to FIG. 1, which shows a block diagram of an example of a particular embodiment of the device.

EXAMPLES

The device according to the invention works on the following principle: A mixture of material to be sorted, which is a mixture of ergot and rye, is conveyed to the container (1). Through the vibration unit (2), which is preferably vibration plates, the mixture is uniformly distributed in a single layer, i. j. no particle (grain) lies on top of each other and is conveyed to a chute (3) in the form of three transport channels, which convey the mixture to the lower optical unit (4). One optical unit (4) is connected to each transport channel. Each optical unit (4) is further equipped with two light signal sensors (6a, 6b), namely CCD (Charge-Coupled Device) cameras for each channel (one detects the material particles from the front, the other from the back). The device is equipped with a total of 6 CCD cameras. The light sources (5a, 5b) providing sufficient light conditions for evaluating the color of the particles passing through the optical unit (4) are preferably neon lamps. Based on the sensed signal in the optical unit (4), the control software performs a selective sorting of individual particles of the material based on its color. Therefore, the particles of the advancing lighter material, i. j. rye separated from darker ergot particles. The actual sorting of the color-coded particles is carried out by a pneumatic sorting unit (7) into which compressed air is supplied. The pneumatic sorting unit (7) comprises a plurality of small nozzles (ejectors), thereby ensuring high accuracy of separation of one material from another. The individual particles of sorted material are then stored in separate end hoppers (8) for ergot and in hoppers (9) for sorted rye particles.

Example 1

Specifically, 19.05 kg of an intimate mixture of ergot (dark particles) and rye (light particles) were introduced into the apparatus, with sample C having an increased amount of dark ergot particles being discarded (see Table 1) and subsequently screened (see Table 2).

As shown in Tab. 3, in the third screening sample B was further sorted (see Table 1), acceptable in terms of dark particle removal after the first screening.

~, First sort - Remove dark particles Table 1. from the mixture —F ............. .......... Data related to I tonne Sample A Mixed V Kg. 19,05 100.00% Kg. 1 000,00 Sample B acceptable Kg. 14.35 75.33% Kg. 753.28 Sample C For retirement Kg. 4.70 24.67% Kg. 246.72

'. _ Second Sorting - Removes dark particles Table 2 from the mixture Data related to 1 tonne | Sample C Feed mixture (from 1. sorting) dotriedenie Kg. 4.70 100.00% Kg. 246.72 j Sample D acceptable Kg. 1.83 38.94% Kg. 96.06 Sample E For retirement Kg. 2.87 61.06% Kg. 150.66

'. . Third Sorting - Removes dark particles Table 3 from the mixture Data related to 1 tonne Sample B j Feed mixture (from 1. sorting) sorting Kg. 1.83 100.00% Kg. 96.06 Sample F acceptable Kg. 1.68 91.80% Kg. 88.19 Sample G For retirement Kg. 0.15 8.20% Kg. 7.87

Detection sensitivity of the device:> 0.2 mm at a material flow rate of 4 m / s.

Example 2

Specifically, 13.45 kg of an intimate mixture of ergot (dark particles) and rye (light particles) were introduced into the apparatus, with sample C having an increased amount of dark ergot particles being discarded (see Table 4) and further refined (see Table 5) .

As shown in Tab. 6, in the third screening sample B was further sorted (see Table 4), acceptable in terms of dark particle removal after the first screening.

Table 4 Sorting - Dark particle removal

Data related

from the mixture ] per tonne Sample A Input mixture Kg. 13.45 100.00% 1 Kg. 1 000,00 Sample B acceptable Kg. 8.90 66.17% Kg. 661.71 Sample C For retirement Kg. 4.55 33.83% Kg. 338.29 Table 5 Second sorting - Remove dark particles from the mixture Data related to 1 tonne J Sample C Feed mixture (from 1. sorting) sorting Kg. 4.55 100.00% Kg. 338.29 | Sample D acceptable Kg. 3.41 74.95% Kg. 253.53 | Sample E unacceptable Kg. 1.14 25.05% Kg. 84.76

Table 6 Third screening - Remove dark particles from the mixture r - ¹ - '”- ¹ “ i Data per tonne | Sample B Feed mixture (from 1. sorting) sorting Kg. 8.90 100.00% Kg. 661.71 j Sample F acceptable Kg. 7.70 86.52% Kg. 572.49 Sample G For retirement Kg. 1.20 13.48% Kg. 89.22

Detection sensitivity of the device:> 0.2 mm at a material flow rate of 4 m / s.

As can be seen from the above tables, very high values of the separation of the ergot and rye particles can be achieved on the optical sorting device according to the invention, in particular after additional sorting.

Industrial usability

The optical sorting device according to the invention can be used for separating mixtures of ergot particles from cereals, in particular rye.

Claims (2)

PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS An apparatus for optically sorting a mixture of ergot and cereal particles, characterized in that it comprises a mixture container (1), the output of which is coupled to a vibration unit (2) for arranging the individual particles of the mixture side by side in one layer with a slip (3) ), in the lower half of which there is at least one optical unit (4), for optically distinguishing individual particles of the mixture, comprising at least two light sources (5a, 5b) and at least two light signal sensors (6a, 6b) with an evaluation unit which is connected to a pneumatic sorting unit (7) for physically separating the detected darker ergot particles, with an end hopper (8) for sieved ergot particles and a hopper (9) for sifted cereal particles downstream of the sorting unit (7), 2. The composition of claim 1 wherein the cereal is rye.