SK501032014U1 - Equipment for grinding and / or sharpening, especially knives, scissors - Google Patents

Abstract

A grinding and / or sharpening device, in particular a knife, has a cradle (1) with a rotary joint. The cradle (1) is adapted to be tilted between two angular positions, the cradle (1) extending through a horizontal or vertical plane when overlapping between these positions. The two set angular positions correspond to the grinding angle of the blade.

Description

Apparatus for grinding and / or sharpening, in particular knives, scissors

Technical field

The technical solution relates to a device for grinding and / or sharpening knives, scissors, swords, chisels, mowers, blades and other tools with a cutting blade, while it is possible to grind different cutting edge angles, including edges with longitudinal curvature. The device is a tool that enables precise and gentle grinding of blades of various objects, it does not require a power source.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Various grinding systems with electric drive or for manual operation are known. In electric grinding, it is important that the speed of the grinding movement, i.e. the circumferential speed of the grinding wheel, does not exceed a certain value, otherwise the cutting edge would overheat and the steel would be tempered, resulting in loss of cutting properties. With electrically driven grinding devices, a larger blade layer is usually removed and the grinding tool is more abrasive. People working with knives professionally, such as butchers, chefs prefer to sharpen knives manually, where they feel, among other things, that the grinding process is better under control.

The simplest grinding device is the grinding body itself, usually in the form of a grinding stone, grinding prism or steel. Such an abrasive stone or steel is held in one hand, in the other hand there is a knife and a relative movement of the hands creates an abrasive movement. In such a method, it is difficult to maintain a suitable blade grinding angle. The improvement can be a holder that holds the abrasive body on the table, and the hands create an abrasive movement of the blade while simultaneously adjusting and maintaining the necessary blade grinding angle with the hands.

Known solutions such as according to GB989410A, GB2405608A, GB735772A are complicated and demanding to operate. The devices according to CN202753034U, CN202862024U or US3882642A are simpler solutions, but which do not achieve the required speed and ease of precision grinding for different cutting blade angles. The solution of US2008026682A1 already uses adjustable elements, but when grinding the other side of the blade, the operator's position must be changed or the blade rotated in the hand, which usually results in angular inaccuracy of the grinding as the blade has no other guide.

and

A solution that is useful for grinding blades with different cutting angles, is simple and will guide itself to intuitive use without complicated operating instructions.

The essence of the technical solution

The drawbacks of the prior art are substantially eliminated by a grinding body for grinding and / or sharpening, in particular knives or similar tools with a cutting blade, the essence of which is that the grinding body is supported in a cradle with a swivel joint. The cradle is adapted to be swiveled between two angularly adjustable positions, the cradle passing through a horizontal or vertical plane when swiveling between these positions. The two angular positions set correspond to the blade grinding angles (from the left and right sides), while the cradle is held in position by the retaining, detent element.

By the hinge is meant any bearing that is capable of tilting the abrasive body, it may be a shaft, pin, hinge, multiple joints, hinge mechanism, paralelogram or other kinematic system with similar resultant cradle movements.

The technical solution utilizes the finding that a person is able to guide a knife relatively exactly parallel in a horizontal or vertical plane. If the grinding body is fastened, placed in the cradle and the cradle is set in a suitable position in relation to the pad, it is sufficient if the knife is guided in a horizontal position, ie parallel to the pad and the surface of the grinding body. The cradle thereby allows the grinding body to be swiveled to a second position corresponding to the grinding angle on the other side of the blade, which may be the same angle, i.e. if the blade has a symmetrically guided grinding edge (FIG. 1).

By the cradle is meant any element that rotates rotates about an axis, without the need to rotate the cradle by 360 °. The cradle has a grinding body holder and the cradle tilting axis is located below the surface of the grinding body. The abrasive body may be in the form of an abrasive stone (of various cross-sections, e.g., rectangular, triangular, circular, semi-circular or other), may be in the form of an abrasive donkey, abrasive steel, abrasive alternatively, it may be in the form of a body of other geometric shapes with a stone, metal surface.

ceramic, leather, sandpaper - bearing or the like.

The grinding tool holder has the shape and dimensions according to the respective grinding tool. The cradle may have a universal holder in which several different abrasive bodies can be gradually placed or attached. In order to reduce the manufacturing effort, the cradle, the holder and the abrasive body can form a unit. In the event that the holder and the abrasive body form a unit, the joint may be part of the unit. Advantageously, for example, the cradle joint is formed directly in the abrasive body. The abrasive body may be cast with a transverse opening through which the cradle receiving shaft then passes. In the case of abrasive steel, the steel may have a drilled transverse hole. Alternatively, a shaft projecting from the sides of the abrasive body can already be inserted in the abrasive body during manufacture. These are then mounted in the base.

As the blade moves, a pressure is exerted by which the blade acts on the abrasive body. In order not to rotate the cradle with the abrasive body to a different angular position than corresponds to the cutting angle setting of the blade, the cradle will be held in position by a suitable retaining, detent element. This may be an element that uses friction, for example, the friction will be brought about by a screw connection at the cradle joint, or it may be magnets that will keep the cradle in the set end positions. It is desirable that the holding force is adjustable such that during the grinding itself, i.e. the movement and the pressure of the blade against the abrasive body, the cradle does not move but at the same time the cradle can be turned by hand (e.g. finger) into a second position.

The extreme angular positions of the cradle may be adjustable by various means, they may be angular stops in the pivoting joint of the cradle, or it may be screws or other stops acting on the sides of the cradle.

The cradle can be mounted on a shaft between two sidewalls. The sidewalls extend from a base that is attached or placed on a support, such as a desk. The sidewalls may be made of a partially resilient material, such as sheet metal. If the shaft is provided with a screw connection, by pulling the shaft the sidewalls can be pressed against the side walls of the cradle, creating an adjustable friction torque at which the cradle can be tipped over. A means for adjusting the tilting angles of the cradle can also be provided on the sidewalls, for example by providing at least one sidewalls with a series of holes at different ends at both ends. Inserting the pin into the corresponding hole in the sidewall creates a stop for the movement of the cradle. The pin may have a length corresponding to the spacing of the sidewalls, and the pin is then inserted into the holes in the ·

both sidewalls. The holes can be marked with the relevant angle. The first peg on one side of the cradle can be inserted at a different height than the other peg on the other side of the cradle, in which case the machine will be ready to grind blades with different cutting angles on the right and left sides of the blade (Figure 2).

The device may be provided with second-hand finger protection. With the other hand, the operator can press the cradle base against the pad. The base can be fitted with a suction cup or clamp to attach it to the table top.

The abrasive body in the form of an abrasive steel can be positioned in the holder so that the abrasive steel is placed in the notches in the holder. In a preferred embodiment, the abrasive steel may have the same cross-section along its length. Typically, the gripped steel grades have a gradually decreasing cross-section, in particular, a grip-free steel with a constant cross-section will be preferred for use in the apparatus of the present disclosure.

If an abrasive steel is used, an auxiliary body having at least some outer surfaces similar to that of a block-shaped abrasive stone and having this rod-shaped abrasive holder can also be used to attach the abrasive steel.

The grinding angle is adjusted by the inclination of the cradle. In order to simplify the adjustment of the longitudinal angle required for the correct grinding of the end of the blade (knife tip), the device may preferably include auxiliary arms. These will be rotatably mounted on the base. The operator adjusts the auxiliary arms and thus has a visual aid for the correct directional guidance of the blade. After adjustment, the auxiliary arms determine the direction of the blade in which the blade must be located at the end of the grinding pull.

The device can be designed to guide the blade horizontally during grinding, in which case the cradle is swung between two angles diverted downward from the horizontal. The cradle in such a solution is flat, lying. A solution is also possible, in which the cradle is oriented upright, when the cradle passes over the vertical plane when swiveling between the extreme positions and the knife is ground by moving in the vertical plane.

The technical solution also includes an arrangement with two cradles on one base.

An essential advantage of the present invention is, in particular, the simple adjustment of the grinding angle for manual grinding or sharpening. Precision hand grinding is gentle on the blades and ensures high and lasting sharpness. Changing the grinding angle of the other side of the blade can be done simply by tilting the cradle.

* · Ί

The device is simple, does not require electricity, allows precise grinding of different angles and uses the natural skills of persons who work professionally with knives.

The advantage is also that the device according to this technical solution has only a few parts, it can be easily kept in hygienic cleanness, it can be a permanent part of the kitchen table.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The technical solution is explained in more detail with the aid of Figures 1 to 31. The illustrated sharpened object, for example a sharpened knife, as well as the dimensions and angle ratios of the apparatus are illustrative only.

Figure 1 shows a cross-section of a knife blade with a symmetrical edge. Figure 2 shows a cross-section of a knife blade with an asymmetrical edge, with different cutting edge angles on the left and right sides.

Figure 3 shows the device in side view. The cradle is in the cutting edge grinding position on the first side of the blade. The arrow and dashed line show the movement of the knife on the grinding stone.

Figure 4 shows the tilting movement of the cradle to the sharpening position of the other side of the blade. The one-fingered hand is shown to point out a simple and forceful flipping of the cradle, the flipping can also be done in a similar way.

Figure 5 shows the device with the cradle tipped to the cutting edge grinding position on the other side of the knife blade. The arrow and dashed line again show the movement of the knife on the grinding stone.

Figure 6 is an axonometric view of a device with a locking element in the form of an adjustable screw connection, the illustrated hand adjusting the locking moment of the cradle.

Figure 7 shows the meaning of protection in the form of a plate under which the other hand is inserted. It is protected against cutting while holding the device on the mat.

Figure 8 shows the adjustment of the angular stops on the side of the cradle.

The retracted pin is inserted into the opposing holes in the sidewalls at a height appropriate to the desired cutting edge angle.

• · • ·

Figure 9 is an axonometric view of a device ready to sharpen a knife. Figures 10 and 11 subsequently depict the laying of a knife for protection, which in this example helps to define the correct parallel position of the knife.

Fig. 12 shows in axonometric view the sharpening of one side of the blade of the knife;

Figures 14 and 15 show the device with the abrasive steel attached, viewed from two sides.

In Figures 16 and 17, the device is viewed from above, as if viewed by the operator of the device, where it can be seen that the blade, when in motion, is guided at a plan view angle along the auxiliary arms.

Figures 18 to 20 show a side view of a device where the cradle is pivoted so that the sharpened object is guided not in a vertical but in a horizontal plane. Figure 18 shows the movement of the blade while sharpening one side of the blade. Figure 19 shows the tilting of the cradle to the second position. Figure 20 shows the movement of the blade while sharpening the other side of the blade. Fig. 21 is an axonometric view of the device of Figs. 18-20. The axonometric view of Figs. 22 and 23 shows a knife grinding where the knife describes a path along the arc shown, vertically from top to bottom, in a vertical plane, from one side (Fig. 22). ) and the other side (Fig. 23).

Figure 24 is an axonometric view of a two-cradle solution on a single base. FIGS. 25 and 26 show grinding of both sides of the blade by means of a dual rocker device.

Figures 27 and 28 show a device of simplified construction, without second-hand finger protection, wherein the cradle pivot joint is formed of shaped sheets.

Figure 29 shows an abrasive body that includes a cradle joint. Subsequently, Figure 30 shows the abrasive body in the transport position where the hinge shaft is inserted in the transport groove of the base.

Fig. 31 shows an auxiliary body in which an abrasive steel is attached.

Examples of technical solution

Example 1

In the example of Figures 3 to 13, the blade grinding and sharpening device 10 has a base 6 in the form of a metal plate. Molded metal plate with • ·

The side panels 5 have a plurality of holes on both sides in the lower part, a pin which forms a stop 7 is inserted into the holes. In the upper part, the side panel 5 has a hole in which a screw shaft is inserted. This shaft constitutes the pivot joint of the cradle T The locking element 4 in the form of a screw connection on the shaft serves to pull the sidewalls 5 towards the sides of the cradle 1. This creates an adjustable friction moment which prevents the cradle 1 from tipping over. The cradle 1 has a holder 3 of the grinding body 2, in this example a grinding stone 21 which can be used on both sides. The holder 3 (not shown in detail) has a bar which is pressed by screws to the side of the grinding stone 21.

Next to the cradle 1, a metal plate protection 8 is attached to the base plate via spacers and is parallel to the base plate 6. The height of the protection 8 above the base 6 is chosen such that a second hand can be inserted into the gap between the protection 8 and the base 6. that does not hold the blade 10 and could be injured during grinding. The protector 8 in this example also serves to initially place the blade 10 flat, whereby the operator adjusts the parallel position of the blade during the next movement.

The operator places the machine on the table. It removes the pins from the flanks 5 and slips them into the holes corresponding to the blade angles. At the openings in the sidewall 5 there are marks of the respective angles (not shown for clarity). After adjusting said stops 7, the cradle 1 is swiveled to the first position. The operator places the knife 10 on the protection surface 8. The operator puts the other hand in the gap between the base 6 and the protection 8, with which the operator also presses the base 6 against the pad. The base 6 has an underside adhesive pad. Now, the operator moves the knife 10 along the grinding stone 21, with the knife blade W in the horizontal plane. Thus, it performs approximately 5 to 15 movements that are sufficient in this example to sharpen one side of the cutting edge. During movement, the blade 10 performs a sliding and partially rotating movement so that the entire length of the blade gradually enters the grinding engagement.

Then, the operator swings the cradle 1 to the second position, both positions in this example having the same angle of inclination from the horizontal. The operator again places the blade 10 flat on the guard 8 to precisely determine the horizontalness of the blade with the base 6. Now the operator moves the blade 10 again on the abrasive stone 21, with the blade of the blade 10 horizontal and the operator performing approximately 5 to 15 movements to sharpen the second. side of the cutting edge.

16 and 17, the arms 9 are used to visually check the angle of rotation of the blade 10 when the grinding tension is completed. • To maintain direction

of the knife 10 is to ensure that the tip of the knife 10 is not sharpened, i.e. to maintain a sharp tip without rounding. Figure 16 shows the knife 10 when it is parallel to the left arm 9. In Figure 17, the knife 10 is parallel to the right arm 9. This is the final position of the knife 10 at the end of the abrasive pull, at the beginning of the pull the knife 10 was parallel to the leading edge of the abrasive stone.

Example 2

In the example of Figures 14 and 15, the device has a grinding body holder 3, which may be in the form of an abrasive stone 21 or an abrasive steel 22 as shown in Figures 14 and 15. The operation of the device is the same as in Example 1.

Example 3

In this example according to Figures 16 and 17, the device is provided with auxiliary arms 9. These arms 9 are pivotally attached to the base 6 on the sides of the cradle T Both arms 9 can be rotated inside the device so as not to interfere with the grinding. During grinding, the arms 9 can be adjusted to the required angle to visually display the angle of rotation of the blade 10 as it contacts the grinding stone 21. The arms 9 extend from the plan view of the base 6, thereby forming a visible graphic aid. In Figures 16 and 17, it can be seen that the knife 10 extends parallel to one arm 9 and then parallel to the other arm 9.

Example 4

In the example of Figures 18 to 23, the cradle 1 is oriented so as to slide over a vertical plane. The knife 10 is sharpened by movements in a vertical plane. This solution takes up less space on the desk. The base 6 is attached to the table by means of clamps (not shown in the figures).

Example 5

The technical solution shown in FIGS. 24 to 26 has two cradles on one base 6 which are oriented upright, i.e. for grinding the knife 10 by moving it in a vertical plane.

• · ·

Example 6

The example of Figures 27 and 28 is a technical embodiment with a minimum number of parts. The cradle 1 is formed of a stainless steel strip having a grinding stone width 21. The belt has recesses at the ends for laying the grinding stone 21. The spring ends of the belt form springs that grip the inserted grinding stone 21. In the central part of the cradle 1 is in the metal strip a transverse articulated groove with a circular cross-section, the cylindrical end of the web is inserted inside the groove. The web extends from the base 6 and both are formed from one piece of sheet metal with the same width as the cradle T The cradle 1 and the base 6 are formed from a single sheet metal strip.

Axial cams are screwed at the ends of the cradle, they have numbers on the circumference and form stops 7 for adjusting the tilting angle of the cradle 1.

Example 8

The device according to this example of Figures 31 and 32 has a joint formed directly in the body of the grinding stone 21. The shaft ends 21 protruding from the body of the grinding stone 21 are embedded in the body during manufacture. The sheet metal base 6 has two bearings for the grinding stone shaft 21. One bearing represents the working position, the lower bearing forming the transport position.

Example 9

The auxiliary body 11 according to FIG. 33 has external dimensions corresponding to the abrasive stone 2T. This makes it possible to attach the auxiliary body 11 to the holder 3 just as it would be an abrasive stone 21. The abrasive steel 22 is fixed in the auxiliary body 11 by bolts with screws grinding steel profile 22.

Industrial usability

The industrial applicability of the technical solution is obvious. According to this technical solution it is possible to industrially and repeatedly manufacture and use devices for grinding, sharpening of cutting blades of various tools, especially knives.

Claims (17)

PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS A device for grinding and / or sharpening, in particular knives (10), scissors with a grinding body (2) for hand grinding, wherein the grinding body (2) housed in the holder (3) is connected to the base (6), that the grinding body (2) is mounted in a cradle (1) with a holder (3), the cradle (1) has a pivot joint by which the cradle (1) is adapted to be swiveled between two angular positions, ) passes through a horizontal or vertical plane, the cradle (1) being connected to the base (6) via a joint. Device for grinding and / or sharpening, in particular scissors (10), according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a locking element (4) for maintaining a set angular position of the cradle (1). A device for grinding and / or sharpening, in particular scissors (10), according to claim 2, characterized in that the locking element (4) has a screw connection for producing friction in the joint of the cradle (1). A device for grinding and / or sharpening, in particular scissors (10), according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the extreme positions of the cradle (1) are angularly adjustable, preferably by means of stops (7). A device for grinding and / or sharpening, in particular scissor blades (10), according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the grinding body (2) has a cradle joint (1) directly in its body. A device for grinding and / or sharpening, in particular scissor blades (10), according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the holder (3) is adapted to receive different grinding bodies (2), preferably for grinding stone. (21) and abrasive steel (22). Grinding and / or sharpening device, in particular knives (10), according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it has an auxiliary body (11) having at least some external dimensions and areas corresponding to the grinding stone (11). 21) and the auxiliary body (11) has a grinding rod holder (22). A device for grinding and / or sharpening, in particular knives (10), scissors according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it has two sidewalls (5) between which there is a cradle (1), a cradle joint (1) has a shaft extending through the cradle (1), the shaft being mounted in the sidewalls (5), the sidewalls (5) extending from the base (6). A device for grinding and / or sharpening, in particular knives (10), scissors, according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the sidewalls (5) have at least one group of holes at different heights, the holes being intended for inserting a stop (7), preferably in the form of a pin that extends through both sidewalls (5). A device for grinding and / or sharpening, in particular knives (10), scissors according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the cradle (1) is lying flat in the central position. Apparatus for grinding and / or sharpening, in particular scissors (10), according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the cradle (1) is placed upright in the central position. A device for grinding and / or sharpening, in particular scissors (10), according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that it has a second-hand finger guard (8), the guard (8) being located on the side of the cradle (1). ). A device for grinding and / or sharpening, in particular scissors (10), according to claim 13, characterized in that the protection (8) has a plate that is parallel to the base (6). A device for grinding and / or sharpening, in particular scissors (10), according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that it has two arms (9) rotatably mounted on the base (6) on the sides of the cradle (1), the arms (9) in the functional position project from the plan view of the base (6). 1-1 · * * * 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 Device for grinding and / or sharpening, in particular scissors (10), according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that two cradles (1) with grinding bodies (2) are arranged on one base (6). A device for grinding and / or sharpening, in particular knives (10), scissors according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the cradle (1) and / or the hinge base (6) are integrally formed and / or abrasive. the body (2), the grinding body holder (3) and the cradle (1) are integrally formed. A device for grinding and / or sharpening, in particular scissors (10), according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the base (6) has a suction cup or an adhesive pad.