SK500842020U1 - Constructional and building element - Google Patents

Constructional and building element Download PDF

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Publication number
SK500842020U1
SK500842020U1 SK500842020U SK500842020U SK500842020U1 SK 500842020 U1 SK500842020 U1 SK 500842020U1 SK 500842020 U SK500842020 U SK 500842020U SK 500842020 U SK500842020 U SK 500842020U SK 500842020 U1 SK500842020 U1 SK 500842020U1
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SK
Slovakia
Prior art keywords
cellulose
waste
building element
structural
element according
Prior art date
Application number
SK500842020U
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Slovak (sk)
Other versions
SK9243Y1 (en
Inventor
Josef Kočí
Milan Valášek
Original Assignee
Perito S.R.O.
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Publication date
Application filed by Perito S.R.O. filed Critical Perito S.R.O.
Publication of SK500842020U1 publication Critical patent/SK500842020U1/en
Publication of SK9243Y1 publication Critical patent/SK9243Y1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/007—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres and at least partly composed of recycled material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/24—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products laminated and composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/12, E04C2/16, E04C2/20
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B23/00—Layered products comprising a layer of cellulosic plastic substances, i.e. substances obtained by chemical modification of cellulose, e.g. cellulose ethers, cellulose esters, viscose
    • B32B23/02—Layered products comprising a layer of cellulosic plastic substances, i.e. substances obtained by chemical modification of cellulose, e.g. cellulose ethers, cellulose esters, viscose in the form of fibres or filaments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N7/00—After-treatment, e.g. reducing swelling or shrinkage, surfacing; Protecting the edges of boards against access of humidity
    • B27N7/005—Coating boards, e.g. with a finishing or decorating layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B32B15/085—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B23/00—Layered products comprising a layer of cellulosic plastic substances, i.e. substances obtained by chemical modification of cellulose, e.g. cellulose ethers, cellulose esters, viscose
    • B32B23/04—Layered products comprising a layer of cellulosic plastic substances, i.e. substances obtained by chemical modification of cellulose, e.g. cellulose ethers, cellulose esters, viscose comprising such cellulosic plastic substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B23/08—Layered products comprising a layer of cellulosic plastic substances, i.e. substances obtained by chemical modification of cellulose, e.g. cellulose ethers, cellulose esters, viscose comprising such cellulosic plastic substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/04—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as impregnant, bonding, or embedding substance
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/10—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of paper or cardboard
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B29/00—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B29/00—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard
    • B32B29/002—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/18—Waste materials; Refuse organic
    • C04B18/24—Vegetable refuse, e.g. rice husks, maize-ear refuse; Cellulosic materials, e.g. paper, cork
    • C04B18/241—Paper, e.g. waste paper; Paper pulp
    • C04B18/243—Waste from paper processing or recycling paper, e.g. de-inking sludge
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
    • C04B26/006—Waste materials as binder
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/02—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements
    • E04B1/14—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements the elements being composed of two or more materials
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/24—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products laminated and composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/12, E04C2/16, E04C2/20
    • E04C2/246—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products laminated and composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/12, E04C2/16, E04C2/20 combinations of materials fully covered by E04C2/16 and E04C2/20
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
    • B27N1/02—Mixing the material with binding agent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N9/00—Arrangements for fireproofing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/05—5 or more layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/40—Symmetrical or sandwich layers, e.g. ABA, ABCBA, ABCCBA
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
    • B32B2307/3065—Flame resistant or retardant, fire resistant or retardant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/54—Yield strength; Tensile strength
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2571/00—Protective equipment
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Bathtub Accessories (AREA)

Abstract

Technické riešenie sa týka konštrukčného a stavebného prvku obsahujúceho odpad (5) na báze celulózy, ktorý je tvorený výliskom (4) so základnou vrstvou (3) zo zmesi aditíva a drviny z odpadu (5) na báze celulózy, ktorý je vybavený z oboch strán kontaktnou vrstvou (2) a krycou vrstvou (1).The technical solution relates to a structural and building element containing cellulose-based waste (5), which is formed by a molding (4) with a base layer (3) of a mixture of additive and pulp from cellulose-based waste (5), which is equipped on both sides. a contact layer (2) and a cover layer (1).

Description

SK 50084-2020 U1SK 50084-2020 U1

Oblasť technikyTechnical field

Technické riešenie sa týka konštrukčného a stavebného prvku na báze odpadu na báze celulózy.The technical solution concerns a construction and building element based on cellulose-based waste.

Doterajší stav technikyPrior art

Odpad na báze celulózy je na konci spracovateľského reťazca. Jedná sa o separát z papierenskej výroby, triedený papierenský odpad priemyselný a komunálny, s možnou prímesí na báze plastu. Pokiaľ sa tieto materiály ďalej nespracovávajú, vzniká vysoká ekologická záťaž, najmä ak sú dlhodobo skladované alebo prípadne spaľované. V súčasnej dobe sú preto snahy tieto celulózy nejako využiť.Cellulose-based waste is at the end of the processing chain. It is a separate from paper production, sorted industrial and municipal paper waste, with a possible plastic-based admixture. If these materials are not further processed, a high environmental burden arises, especially if they are stored for a long time or possibly incinerated. At present, therefore, efforts are being made to use these celluloses in some way.

Je známe technické riešenie obsahujúce drvený materiál na báze celulózy, vyznačujúci sa stlačenou vrstvou drviny z obalov vyrobených z papiera, vybavenou aspoň z jednej strany vode odolnou fóliou z plastu a majúcou vonkajšie krycie vrstvy z oboch strán.A technical solution is known comprising a pulp based on cellulose, characterized by a compressed layer of crumb from packages made of paper, provided on at least one side with a water-resistant plastic film and having outer cover layers on both sides.

Podstata technického riešeniaThe essence of the technical solution

Úlohou technického riešenia je zlepšiť vlastnosti stavebného a konštrukčného prvku, najmä jeho pevnosť. To sa dosiahne u konštrukčného a stavebného prvku podľa tohto technického riešenia, ktorého podstata spočíva v tom, že je tvorený výliskom so základnou vrstvou zo zmesi aditíva a drviny z odpadu na báze celulózy, ktoiý je vybavený z oboch strán kontaktnou vrstvou a krycou vrstvou.The task of the technical solution is to improve the properties of the building and structural element, especially its strength. This is achieved in a structural and building element according to this technical solution, the essence of which consists in that it consists of a molding with a base layer of a mixture of additive and pulp from cellulose-based waste, which is provided on both sides with a contact layer and a cover layer.

Pri spracovaní komunálneho odpadu je možné, aby odpad na báze celulózy obsahoval až 30 % plastu.When processing municipal waste, it is possible for cellulose-based waste to contain up to 30% plastic.

Je vhodné, aby odpad na báze celulózy bol dezinfikovaný.It is recommended that the cellulose-based waste be disinfected.

S ohľadom na vhodnosť použitia je kontaktná vrstva z plastovej fólie.Due to the suitability for use, the contact layer is made of plastic foil.

Je vhodné, aby krycia vrstva bola nosný papier.It is suitable for the cover layer to be a carrier paper.

Je prípadne možné, aby krycia vrstva bola hliníková fólia.It is optionally possible for the cover layer to be an aluminum foil.

Pod pojmom aditíva alebo špeciálne aditíva sa tu rozumejú kvapalné disperzné lepidlá na báze vodného skla, kvapalné silikátové lepidlá, homopolyméma polyvinylacetátová disperzia a mnoho iných lepidiel. Príslušný typ aditíva - lepidla sa vyberá na základe využitia výsledného produktu.The term additive or special additives is understood here to mean liquid dispersion adhesives based on water glass, liquid silicate adhesives, homopolymer polyvinyl acetate dispersion and many other adhesives. The appropriate type of additive - adhesive is selected based on the use of the final product.

Prehľad obrázkov na výkresochOverview of figures in the drawings

Technické riešenie bude bližšie opísané s použitím obr. 1, na ktorom je schematicky znázornený priečny rez konštrukčným a stavebným prvkom.The technical solution will be described in more detail using FIG. 1, which schematically shows a cross-section of a structural and structural element.

Príklady uskutočneniaExamples of embodiments

Jedná sa o spracovanie predovšetkým papierenských produktov na báze celulózy s prímesou rôznych aditív, vrátane zložiek obsahujúcich plastové prvky a to ako vo forme starostlivo vytriedeného papierenského komunálneho odpadu alebo zostatkového materiálu rôznych druhov papiera, nerecyklovateľný a ako odlúčený separát prevažne z papierenskej priemyselnej výroby. Účelom celého procesu je uplatnenie (znovu využitie) materiálu, ktoiý sa ocitol na samom konci recyklačných procesov predovšetkým v papierenskom priemysle. Tento materiál slúži ako surovina na výrobu veľkoformátových plošných dosiek so širokým využitím v stavebnom, nábytkárskom a ostatnom segmente priemyselnej výroby. Získanú surovinu celulózu je možné pomocou špeciálnych aditív a prímesí modifikovať tak, aby vlastnosti finálneho výrobku spĺňali konkrétne a účelové zameranie pre daný odbor využitia, a tým došlo k zušľachteniu odpadovej suroviny a jej opätovnému uplatneniu v trhovom prostredí. Ako prímes do aditív sú použité rôzne typy retardérov, ktoré ďalej zvyšujú úžitkovú hodnotu - napr. retardér horenia. Aditíva, vrátane všetkých svojich zložiek, ako stabilizátorov a retardérov, neobsahujú žiadne prchavé látky a sú šetrné k životnému prostrediu.It is mainly the processing of paper products based on cellulose with various additives, including components containing plastic elements, both in the form of carefully sorted municipal paper waste or residual material of various types of paper, non-recyclable and as a separate separate mainly from paper industry. The purpose of the whole process is the application (reuse) of material that has found itself at the very end of recycling processes, especially in the paper industry. This material serves as a raw material for the production of large-format boards with a wide range of uses in the construction, furniture and other segments of industrial production. The obtained cellulose raw material can be modified with the help of special additives and admixtures so that the properties of the final product meet the specific and purposeful focus for the given field of use, and thus the waste raw material is refined and reused in the market environment. Various types of retarders are used as additives in the additives, which further increase the utility value - e.g. flame retardant. Additives, including all their ingredients, such as stabilizers and retarders, do not contain any volatile substances and are environmentally friendly.

Pri spracovaní komunálneho odpadu na báze buničiny, celulózy, musí dôjsť k jeho starostlivému vytriedeniu od ostatného odpadu tak, aby neobsahoval žiadne pevné ani ostatné predmety, najmä kov, organické látky, ktoré by neboli rovnorodého obsahu. Ďalšiemu spracovaniu nebráni vstupný celulózový materiál s čiastočným podielom až 30 % plastu. Celulózový materiál sa podrví a rozomelie na malé fragmenty, ktoré sa následne stabilizujú sušením a pri ďalšom procese spracovania dôjde prípadne k ich dezinfekcii tak, aby následne nepodliehali plesniam a spĺňali zdravotne nezávadné predpisy. Ak sa jedná o spracovanie papierového odpadu z priemyselnej výroby, ako sú napríklad okraje rôznych papierenských produktov, alebo čistej nerecyklovateľnej celulózy a zároveň je tu predpoklad, že neobsahujú ďalšie nežiaduce pevné zložky ako jeWhen processing municipal waste based on pulp, cellulose, it must be carefully sorted from other waste so that it does not contain any solid or other objects, especially metal, organic substances that would not have a homogeneous content. Further processing is not prevented by the input cellulosic material with a partial content of up to 30% of plastic. The cellulosic material is crushed and ground into small fragments, which are subsequently stabilized by drying and, during the further processing, they are optionally disinfected so that they are subsequently not subject to molds and comply with health-friendly regulations. In the case of the processing of paper waste from industrial production, such as the edges of various paper products, or pure non-recyclable cellulose, and at the same time it is assumed that they do not contain other undesirable solid components such as

SK 50084-2020 U1 kov, drevo a ostatné nesúrodé materiály, môže dôjsť k priamemu upraveniu odpadového celulózového materiálu drvením. Následne je celulózový materiál kontinuálnou strojnou prepravou presunutý do zásobníka materiálu, odkiaľ prechádza k riadenému posunu do zmiešavacieho priestore, kde sa surovina miesi s aditívnou látkou, ktorá je nevyhnutnou súčasťou a dáva zmesi potrebné vlastnosti a cielenú špecifikáciu pomocou retardérov obsiahnutých v aditívach. Takto obohatená surovina sa automaticky presúva do lisovacieho priestoru, kde za vysokých teplôt a riadeného tlaku dochádza k stlačeniu základnej vrstvy 3 zo zmesou aditíva a drviny z odpad 5 na báze celulózy v celej svojej ploche, prípadne s kontaktnou vrstvou 2 z plastovej fólie, príkladne polyetylénu alebo polypropylénu a krycou vrstvou 1, ktorou je nosný papier alebo alumíniová fólia.SK 50084-2020 U1 metal, wood and other inhomogeneous materials, direct treatment of waste cellulosic material by crushing can occur. Subsequently, the cellulosic material is transferred by continuous machine transport to the material hopper, from where it passes to a controlled transfer to the mixing space, where the raw material is mixed with the additive, which is a necessary part and gives the mixture the necessary properties and targeted specification using retarders. The raw material thus enriched is automatically transferred to the pressing space, where at high temperatures and controlled pressure the base layer 3 is compressed with a mixture of additive and pulp from cellulose-based waste 5 over its entire surface, or with a contact layer 2 of plastic film, e.g. polyethylene. or polypropylene and a cover layer 1 which is a carrier paper or an aluminum foil.

Výstupom z celého procesu je kalibrovaný výlisok 4, ktoiý je krátený na finálny rozmer podľa výrobnej špecifikácie a zadania. Tento výlisok 4 slúži ako interiérový materiál určený na opláštenie stien, do podlahovej skladby ako krokový útlm, prípadne ako stropný obklad. Je možné ho kombinovať s rôznymi izolačnými materiálmi alebo lepiť a spájať na potreby výroby rôznych sendvičových panelov tak, aby boli preferované a vyzdvihnuté jeho prednosti a to prevažne veľmi dobré protihlukové vlastnosti s veľmi nízkou horľavosťou. Materiál je tiež možné použiť v exteriéri, a to v závislosti od vstupnej suroviny - pomer plastových prímesí a aditív.The output of the whole process is a calibrated molding 4, which is shortened to the final dimension according to the production specification and assignment. This molding 4 serves as an interior material intended for cladding the walls, for the floor structure as a step attenuation, or as a ceiling cladding. It can be combined with various insulating materials or glued and joined to the needs of the production of various sandwich panels so that its advantages are preferred and highlighted, mostly very good anti-noise properties with very low flammability. The material can also be used outdoors, depending on the input raw material - the ratio of plastic admixtures and additives.

Týmto spôsobom vzniká konštrukčný a stavebný prvok ako výlisok 4 so základnou vrstvou 3 zo zmesi aditíva a drviny z odpadu 5 na báze celulózy vybavený z oboch strán kontaktnou vrstvou 2 a krycou vrstvou 1. Je možné, aby komunálny odpad 5 na báze celulózy zahŕňal až 30 % plastu. Vhodná kontaktná vrstva 2 je buď tvorená z plastu, príkladne polyetylénu alebo polypropylénu a krycia vrstva 1 je nosný papier alebo hliníková fólia.In this way, a structural and building element is formed as a molding 4 with a base layer 3 of a mixture of additive and pulp from cellulose-based waste 5 provided on both sides with a contact layer 2 and a cover layer 1. It is possible for municipal cellulose-based waste 5 to comprise up to 30 % plastic. A suitable contact layer 2 is either made of plastic, for example polyethylene or polypropylene, and the cover layer 1 is a carrier paper or aluminum foil.

Priemyselná využiteľnosťIndustrial applicability

Technické riešenie je určené ako interiérový alebo exteriérový prvok.The technical solution is designed as an interior or exterior element.

Claims (6)

SK 50084-2020 UlSK 50084-2020 Ul NÁROKY NA OCHRANUCLAIMS FOR PROTECTION 1. Konštrukčný a stavebný prvok na báze odpadovej celulózy, vyznačujúci sa tým, že je tvorený výliskom (4) so základnou vrstvou (3) zo zmesi aditíva a drviny z odpadu (5) na báze celulózy, ktoiý 5 je vybavený z oboch strán kontaktnou vrstvou (2) a krycou vrstvou (1).Construction and building element based on waste cellulose, characterized in that it is formed by a molding (4) with a base layer (3) of a mixture of additive and pulp from waste (5) based on cellulose, which 5 is provided on both sides with a contact layer (2) and cover layer (1). 2. Konštrukčný a stavebný prvok podľa nároku 1, vyznačujúci sa tým, že odpad (5) na báze celulózy z komunálneho odpadu je dezinfikovaný.Structural and building element according to Claim 1, characterized in that the cellulose-based waste (5) from municipal waste is disinfected. 3. Konštrukčný a stavebný prvok podľa nároku 1, vyznačujúci sa tým, že odpad (5) na báze celulózy obsahuje až 30 % plastu.Structural and building element according to Claim 1, characterized in that the cellulose-based waste (5) contains up to 30% of plastic. 1010 4. Konštrukčný a stavebný prvok podľa nároku 1, vyznačujúci sa tým, že kontaktnú vrstvu (2) tvorí plastová fólia.Structural and building element according to Claim 1, characterized in that the contact layer (2) is formed by a plastic film. 5. Konštrukčný a stavebný prvok podľa nároku 1, vyznačujúci sa tým, že krycia vrstva (1) je nosný papier.Structural and building element according to Claim 1, characterized in that the cover layer (1) is a carrier paper. 6. Konštrukčný a stavebný prvok podľa nároku 1, vyznačujúci sa tým, že krycia vrstva 15 (1) je alumíniová fólia.Structural and building element according to Claim 1, characterized in that the cover layer 15 (1) is an aluminum foil. 1 výkres1 drawing
SK500842020U 2020-05-07 2020-08-24 Constructional and building element SK9243Y1 (en)

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CH681162A5 (en) * 1989-02-09 1993-01-29 Rolf Reinhard Building board for acoustic and/or thermal insulation - obtd. from suspension of used paper ground to pulp and poured into flat mould to form boarding
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