SK500612011U1 - Control system and / or remediation, and / or modify insulation systems in construction and means of control and / or remediation, and / or modifications of these insulation systems - Google Patents

Abstract

At least one measuring probe (11) for controlling, measuring and diagnosing thermal insulation systems is provided in the air gap (2) and / or air cavity (6) for a system for inspecting and / or remediating and / or modifying thermal insulation systems in a building. or at least one steam nozzle (10) for rehabilitation and / or treatment of thermal insulation systems. Each measuring probe (11) and / or steam nozzle (10) is preferably housed in an opening (7), guided from the outer shell of the building structure, at different angles to the horizontal plane, resulting in air gaps (2) and / or air cavities (6). In the air gaps (2) and / or air cavities (6), a mass may be implanted to form an adhesive layer between the building structure and the building insulation and / or at least one anchoring element between the building structure and the building insulation. The adhesive layer material is preferably an expansion mass, the anchoring element may be an expansion anchor (9). The method of inspection and / or remediation and / or treatment in thermal insulation systems is carried out in such a way that the air gaps (2) and / or air cavities (6) or the opening (7) extending from the outer shell of the building structure at different angles. at least one measuring probe (11) for inspection, measurement and diagnosis of thermal insulation systems, and / or at least one steam nozzle (10) for rehabilitation, is introduced into the horizontal plane and into the air gaps (2) and / or air cavities (6); and / or treatment of thermal insulation systems. If desired, a mass is formed into the air gaps (2) and / or air cavities (6) to form an adhesive layer between the building structure and the building insulation.

Description

System for the control and / or remediation and / or treatment of thermal insulation systems in construction and method of control and / or remediation and / or treatment of these thermal insulation systems

Technical field

The technical solution relates to a system for the control and / or rehabilitation and / or treatment of thermal insulation systems in the building industry. Insulating systems, contact or non-contact, represent a construction product installed on the building structure. Air gaps and / or air cavities are situated between the building structure and the building insulation.

The technical solution also relates to a method of control and / or remediation and / or modification of these thermal insulation systems.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Contact thermal insulation systems in the building industry include a thin outer reinforced layer, such as a plaster that is insulated. Under the insulator there is an adhesive layer, which should be at least 40% of the area, and mechanical PE (polyethylene) clips, or other mechanical or chemical anchoring elements. The contact system is tied to European standards, based on ETAG 004, 014, according to which the adhesive layer is formed by a circumferential continuous strip that closes the air gaps, cavities. These air gaps, cavities, arise separately, between each insulating plate and the inverted building structure, in an area of at most 60% of the insulator area.

The adhesive layer and anchoring of the insulation layer become the most risky place in contact thermal insulation systems. Without destructive methods, it is uncontrollable and irreparable. The low cohesive adhesive layer destroys a significant portion of the insulation of contact systems (for example ETICS) by reducing their service life. It endangers both residents and bystanders with the unexpected destruction of the entire formation. This is increasingly apparent especially in prefabricated houses. The dilapidated surfaces of such houses have been and are insulated without adequate remediation and their amortization continues under such insulation. Moisture of the adhesive layer due to condensation or leakage then releases the locally dilapidated plaster with the adhesive.

Most of the contact systems used in house insulation with their technical solution do not allow compliance with certified technologies of contact thermal insulation systems (eg ETICS), or continuous checking of the adhesion of insulation

-2-layers on the building structure, or remediation of any defects in this layer. Since it is a permanently created sandwich falling within the field of construction products, its quality and functionality should be tested after its installation. None of the previously known technologies is able to detect and remedy the condition under the insulator without destructive methods. Inspection is usually carried out locally or at a time when the defect can only be detected visually on the surface, or when the entire structure has been blocked and possibly wetted. However, this is usually too late for any remedial action. If the insulation system itself destroys, it puts the health and lives of citizens at risk. In case that the anchoring and adhesive system was only partially damaged and the destruction did not occur, it is almost certain that the functional life of the whole insulation is endangered. The risk of unexpected destruction gradually increases. The lack of a reliable check of the surface cohesion of the adhesive layer does not allow for additional remediation. Contact thermal insulation systems require separate bonding with pre-applied adhesive on the back of the insulator and separate mechanical anchoring from the insulator face.

There are a number of anchors on the market mainly used in construction. These are PE (polyethylene) clips, metal spacers, chemical anchors and net spacers. The anchoring types used from the outside are related to climatic conditions, for example the temperature that is decisive for the anchoring quality. At low temperatures, the physical properties of the individual components of the building system, such as insulation, anchor, wood, substructure, wall, etc., change. Due to these PE clamps, they lose mechanical strength. Metal fasteners dilate and chemical reactions do not produce a full chemical reaction. All of them then create disadvantageous thermal bridges across the insulation stack. Another negative effect is the incoherence of the substrate, such as unevenness and moisture of the wall and insulated building structures at all. Their use is therefore quite unsuitable on dilapidated surfaces. They act only by the point mechanical action of pressure on the individual layers, which does not correspond to the cohesion strength of the insulator. Therefore, there is no necessary transfer of the holding force to the substrate.

The net spacers are dependent on the PUR (polyurethane foam) used, which in the winter period further expands and reaches the appropriate volume over a longer period, thus prolonging the anchoring operation. In general, anchoring works are not recommended at low temperatures because they may be hazardous. Temperatures above + 5 ° C are indicated as a safe outdoor temperature limit at which insulators can be mounted without danger and risk. At lower temperatures, or at temperatures around or below freezing, there may be icing or ice in the substrate, which changes the properties and shape of the anchorage point after thawing. Among other things, especially with ETICS, an adverse moisture climate is created under the insulator, with no possibility of sufficient evaporation of water.

-3US 2008/0078245 A1 discloses an apparatus for determining the density-density-of an insulating material in a cavity of a building structure that tests the strength of the insulating material against a sensor (detector). The force is used to determine the density of the insulating layer, which is successively used to determine the thermal conductivity or the R-value of the insulating layer. The apparatus may include accessories for supporting the sensor and securing the sensor in a properly secured position. The method for determining the density of the loose padding, in place of the released insulating material in the wall cavity by using a sensor, is thus measured the force applied to the sensor by the insulating material. The measured force is used to determine the density of the insulating material. The thermal resistance of the insulating material is determined from the knowledge of the depth (thickness) of the cavity and the density (density) of the insulating material.

The solution relates to the thermal resistance R and the density of the insulator. These values are given by the project, it is not necessary to check them locally in the thermal insulation system, because they are continually influenced mainly by humidity, usually across the board.

DE 4 024 049 A1 discloses detecting the tightness of a moisture barrier in a building structure using electrical sensors between the internal structure and the roof covering by connecting it to an evaluation unit. Monitoring the water curtain by an electrical method, including the use of sensors located between the interior building structure and the roofing or water curtain, preferably between the moisture barrier and the insulating layer. The sensors are preferably resistors connected to a measuring unit for measurement, evaluation and imaging. Continuous monitoring or intermittent testing of water curtain sealing, particularly on flat roofs, in tunnels, etc., is possible. A simple device can be installed later in existing structures and can detect and determine the location of leakage points.

This method is designed for roofs, especially flat roofs, and its purpose is to discover and monitor the tightness of roof insulation against water seepage. The rehabilitation of the system is based on the fact that the insulation system of the building was designed by a person authorized to do so. In case of insulating insulation systems there is no situation that would require the measurement of the humidity of horizontal surfaces in relation to the roof structure and insulation layers.

DE 1 002 59 14 A1 discloses a method for permanently monitoring electrochemical, physical and chemical parameters of structures made of reinforced concrete containing sensors mounted on or in structures, connecting the sensors to the evaluation system via a local data bus, transferring non-evaluated data from the sensors to the evaluation system and preprocessing connection of the evaluation system to the central supervision having a data bank over the network, transferring data from the evaluation system to the central supervision, storing the data to the central

-4databases and automatic data transfer when thresholds, alarm functions are exceeded or not reached.

It is an evaluation of specific parameters of concrete structures that are not provided with thermal insulation layers. This system describes the static control and monitoring of reinforced concrete structures. It is assumed that the building structure was sufficiently assessed by an authorized person when designing the thermal insulation system. The structures on which it is necessary to remediate the thermal insulation system are in the majority of other materials.

DE 30 11 500 A1 is concerned with a device for monitoring faults, cracks on the surface of a roof or building facade by measuring the electrical conductivity of the lining. Measurement of liner and its electrochemical conductivity is not necessary for diagnosis of thermal insulation system. If cracks appear on the insulating stratum and signs of the insulator are not connected with the building structure, it is too late to renew the base of the insulating system - lining. Cracks on the facade are visually detectable. They do not have a direct effect on the insulation function, where the adhesion of the insulation layer is decisive. This device does not measure.

US 2005268697 A1 discloses a device suitable for locally measuring the density or thermal resistance of a material and / or the R-value of gas permeable materials. The apparatus comprises: a chamber comprising first and second inlet orifices, a diffuser for communicating fluids with the second outlet orifice of the chamber, wherein a diffuser comprising diffusion outlets for distributing gas flow to or from gas-permeable materials and wherein the diffuser outlet region is larger than the second outlet region; and a pressure sensor arranged to measure the chamber pressure, a temperature sensor arranged to measure the gas temperature in the chamber, and a relative humidity sensor arranged to measure the relative humidity in the chamber.

The device is designed for material measurement and does not allow evaluation of thermal insulation of buildings - in insulation layers. It is necessary to put the material into the test chamber, which is unrealistic for surface insulation.

NL 1 000 729 C1 describes a hollow wall structure with an inner electrothermal layer. A wall composed of two parallel plates separated by an air gap. The heating element is composed of a layer of electro-thermal material on or very closed on the inner surface of one of the plates. The boards may be transparent. The electrothermal element is of the Peltier or Seebeck type. Temperature sensors inside or outside the wall are used to measure the temperature gradient between the wall and the changes reaching the element. Boards not used for the electrothermal element may be provided with a mirror layer to reflect the heat back from the outer wall.

-5This construction ensures heating of the air gap, eventually ensures reflection of heat from the outer wall by means of a reflective layer on the outer wall. It is a new building system - a lining of the building structure, which is created by two parallel installed partition walls with an air gap, in which the heat source (electro-thermal layer) is placed. The technical solution is completely outside the area of insulation.

The purpose of these documents is not to diagnose the state of an existing thermal insulation system for a building structure. No solution is also concerned with restoring the function of the thermal insulation layer according to the identified deficiencies in such a way that it continues to fulfill its purpose without endangering the property or health of the users.

The aim of our technical solution is mainly to save the money of property owners, which will show defects in the cohesion of the insulation insulation system with the building structure, which can end and in practice often end destruction of the insulation system. Properly performed inspection, diagnostics and remediation or adjustment of the condition of the thermal insulation system on the building structure will prevent the above mentioned damages and complications.

As far as we know, there is currently no way of checking, measuring and diagnosing the condition of thermal insulation systems, whether contact or contactless, in the adhesive and anchoring layer, which is the most hazardous area of any insulation system. There are only repair methods for contact thermal insulation systems, but they are destructive and usually irreversibly damage some or all of the thermal insulation system. Also, remediation or modification is not performed on such systems for reasons that faults cannot be detected in time. For non-contact systems in adhesive and anchoring layers, remediation is not necessary due to the high adhesion of the anchoring system used.

The essence of the technical solution

These disadvantages will be eliminated or substantially reduced by a system for the control and / or rehabilitation and / or treatment of thermal insulation systems in the building industry, where the thermal insulation systems, contact or contactless, represent a building product installed on the building structure and air gaps are situated between the building structure and building insulation; / or air cavities. The essence of this technical solution consists in that at least one measuring probe is arranged in the air gaps and / or air cavities for the control, measurement and diagnosis of thermal insulation systems, and / or at least one steam nozzle for the rehabilitation and / or treatment of thermal insulation systems.

It is preferred that each measuring probe and / or steam nozzle is housed in an aperture extending from the outer shell of the building structure at different angles with respect to the horizontal plane and resulting in air gaps and / or air cavities.

It is also preferred that, for the purpose of rehabilitating and / or converting the insulation system into air gaps and / or air cavities, a mass is implanted to form an adhesive layer between the building structure and the building insulation and / or at least one anchoring element between the building structure and building insulation.

Preferably, to form an adhesive layer between the building structure and the building insulation, there is an expansion mass forming adhesive targets.

The anchoring element may be an expansion anchor formed of a spacer and an expansion mass.

For the system of control and / or remediation and / or treatment of thermal insulation systems in construction, the method of control and / or remediation and / or treatment in thermal insulation systems is used. This is done by introducing into the air gaps and / or air cavities at least one measuring probe for inspection, measurement and diagnosis of thermal insulation systems, and / or at least one steam nozzle for the rehabilitation and / or treatment of thermal insulation systems, and, The voids and / or air cavities are implanted by the mass to form an adhesive layer between the building structure and the building insulation and / or at least one anchoring element between the building structure and the building insulation.

For introducing the measuring probe and / or steam nozzle into the air gaps and / or air cavities between the building structure and the building insulation, at least one opening is provided, extending from the outer shell of the building structure at different angles to the horizontal plane and resulting in air gaps. and / or air cavities.

The adhesive layer may be formed by an expansion mass which forms an adhesive target between the building structure and the building insulation.

The anchoring element may be formed from the spacer by foaming the expansion mass into an expansion anchor arranged between the building structure and the building insulation.

In the air gaps and / or air cavities, a measurement probe and / or steam nozzle is inspected and diagnosed for the necessary remediation and / or modification of the thermal insulation system by detecting at least one actual value from values including air temperature, air humidity, air flow and adhesion adhesion .

In air gaps and / or air cavities, the measuring probe and / or steam nozzle performs measurement, inspection and diagnostics for the necessary remediation or modification

-Ί the thermal insulation system randomly, occasionally, at predetermined time intervals or continuously.

Airborne gaps and / or air cavities may be used for remote measurement, control and diagnostics, possibly with measurement data recording.

Prior to implanting the adhesive to form an adhesive layer, the aperture is cleaned and then an expansion material is introduced to create double-sided adhesive targets in the aperture creating anchoring points in the air gaps or cavities.

Further, prior to implantation of the at least one anchoring element, the aperture and, optionally, the anchoring element is cleaned simultaneously, and then the aperture with the embedded anchoring element is latched to create anchoring points in the air gaps and / or cavities between insulation and building structure for remediation or modification .

Prior to implantation of the expansion mass and / or implantation of the at least one anchoring element, the opening and, at the same time, optionally the anchoring element, may be heated after cleaning.

Before implanting the expansion mass and / or implanting at least one anchoring element, the opening and, at the same time, the anchoring element, after cleaning and subsequent overheating, are moistened with pressure steam at a temperature of 80 to 140 ° C at a pressure of 1 to 5 bar .

The expansion material can be implanted even at low outside temperatures, at least from the freezing point, in the range of 0 to 5 ° C.

The main advantage of this technical solution is that the system of control and / or remediation and / or treatment allows these activities to be carried out by a non-destructive method without significant damage to the surface of building structures. This system is multifunctional because it provides a range of functions, adhesion, distance, dilatation, fixation, detent, thermoinsulation, hydroinsulation, while ensuring high adhesion in a variety of materials throughout the insulation stack. Currently, this is the only control applicable in the field of thermal insulation of buildings. The advantage is that it is possible to inspect and remediate the thermal insulation layer as a construction product, which includes air gaps and cavities and adhesive layers in contact with the insulated substrate. Furthermore, it is possible to use air gaps and / or air cavities to control the insulation system and optionally for subsequent remediation and anchoring by implantation of adhesive anchors and adhesive targets. The measuring and pressurizing control activity is carried out in air cavities and gaps, below the insulating stack, so that the actual state can be ascertained directly in the hazardous existing adhesive layer. Existing entrances, openings or gaps can be used, under insulation, or a hole can be created across the insulation stack. Pressurization can be performed after the measurement. All detectable values may be recorded. After the operations have been carried out, the opening can be blinded or further used as a repeating site

Measurements and controls, for example, for the entrance to disinfect cavities and gaps, as a place to implant an adhesive target under the insulation, as a place to form an anchor with a mesh spacer.

In the orifice, the measuring probe and / or steam nozzle performs inspection and diagnostics for the necessary remediation or modification of the construction product by detecting at least one actual value from values including air temperature, air humidity, air flow and adhesion adhesion function. This inspection and diagnostics for the necessary remediation or modification of the construction product shall be carried out at random, occasionally, at predetermined time intervals, or continuously. Inspection and diagnostics may be performed remotely, possibly with recording of measurement data. The measuring probe is also a control probe and detects air gap or cavity parameters that are critical to any certified system. The values determined determine whether remediation is necessary at all and, if so, to what extent. The steam nozzle makes it possible to determine the adhesion of the adhesive layer.

Before implanting the expansion mass, the aperture is cleaned, and then an expansion mass is introduced to create double-sided adhesive targets in the aperture creating anchoring points in the air gaps or cavities. The expansion adhesive target provides an adhesive non-mechanical bond between the insulation and the building structure.

Before implanting the at least one expansion anchor, the hole and the anchor are cleaned at the same time, and then the anchor hole is fastened to create anchoring points in the air gaps and / or cavities between the insulation and the building structure for repair or modification of the building element. The expansion anchor, i. for example, a reinforcing anchor that creates mechanical and chemical joints between the insulation and the building structure, with a high adhesion above 450 N, even up to 1000 N.

Before implanting the expansion mass and / or implanting at least one expansion anchor, the opening and at the same time the anchor is heated after cleaning. This heating can be carried out by various heat sources, for example by water vapor, hot air or hot water, or electrically by contact.

Prior to implantation of the expansion mass and / or implantation of the at least one expansion anchor, the aperture and at the same time the anchor after cleaning and subsequent overheating are moistened with pressurized steam at a temperature ranging from 80 to 140 ° C at a pressure ranging from 1 to 5 bar. When using pressurized steam, the anchoring point and the reinforcing anchor are simultaneously heated, the cohesive parts and dust are removed, and at the same time favorable conditions for foam expansion, such as PUR foam, are created.

It is also possible to implant the expansion mass at low outside temperatures, at temperatures below 15 ° C to the freezing point. Implantation of the expansion mass is

It can be carried out at normal ambient temperatures of about 20 ° C and above, but also due to heating this can also be carried out at low temperatures above freezing, which has not been possible so far.

Through at least one opening at different angles with respect to a horizontal plane, one end of which is located on the outer surface of the insulated construction and the other end results in an air gap and / or closed, an air cavity and / or associated air cavities formed between the insulation and the building structure. A metering probe is inserted into the opening for measurement and inspection, optionally for remediation and / or adjustment, an expansion mass implanted into the opening, for example double-sided adhesive adhesion targets, and / or an expansion anchor implanted to create adhesive anchoring points in the air gaps and / or air cavities between the building insulation and the building structure.

The construction system according to this technical solution as a construction product arises only after installation on the insulated wall. Implanted adhesive targets and / or anchors in the air gaps and / or air cavities prevent the insulation board insulation from folding and thus replace the original adhesive fences of the ETICS contact systems.

The technical solution also relates to the use of air gaps and / or air cavities situated between the building structure and building insulation of thermal insulation systems in the building industry, where the thermal insulation systems, contact or contactless, represent a construction product installed on the building structure for inspection and / or remediation and / or treatment of these thermal insulation systems.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The technical solution is explained in detail in the exemplary embodiments shown in the attached schematic drawings, of which FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a certified contact thermal insulation system for the purpose of measuring adhesive layer values; FIG. 2 is a horizontal cross-section of a certified contact thermal insulation system for the purpose of measuring adhesive layer values; FIG. 3 shows a vertical section through a non-certified contact thermal insulation system for detecting the state of the adhesive layer and its remediation,

-10obr. Fig. 4 is a horizontal cross-section of an uncertified contact thermal insulation system for detecting the condition of the adhesive layer and its remediation; 5 is a vertical cross-section of a non-certified contact thermal insulation system for detecting the state of the adhesive layer and measuring, FIG. Fig. 6 is a horizontal cross-section of an uncertified contact thermal insulation system for determining the adhesive layer and measuring; Fig. 7 is a vertical cross-section of a certified non-contact thermal insulation system to overheat the adhesive layer; 8 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of a certified non-contact thermal insulation system to overheat the adhesive layer.

Examples of technical solution

Specific exemplary embodiments are shown in FIG. 1 to 8. Contact and non-contact thermal insulation systems in the construction industry represent a construction product mounted on the building structure. Building structures include masonry 1, building insulations such as insulating boards 3, between which are air gaps 2 and / or air cavities 6, with an adhesive layer comprising, for example, adhesive fences 4 and / or adhesive targets 8. Through the building envelope, through building insulation In the thermal insulation system, at least one opening 7 is formed at different angles with respect to the horizontal plane. Its one end is located on the outer surface of the insulated structure and the other end results in an air gap 2 and / or closed air cavity 6 and / or connected air cavities 6 formed between the insulation and the building structure. A metering probe 11 is inserted into the aperture 7 for measurement and inspection, optionally subsequently for sanitation and / or treatment, an expansion mass, for example double-sided adhesive adhesive targets 8, and / or an expansion anchoring element 9 is implanted to form an adhesive anchoring points in the air gaps 2 and / or air cavities 6 between the building insulation and the building structure.

In this case, air gaps 2 and / or air cavities 6 located between the building structure and the building insulation of the building insulation systems are preferably used to inspect and / or rehabilitate and / or modify these insulation systems.

Example 1 (Fig. 1, 2)

Figures 1 and 2 show a contact system which is executed in a certified manner by inserting a steam probe 10 into the measuring aperture 7 on the adhesive fence 4 and the adhesive targets 8 where closed air cavities 2 are formed between the wall 1 and the insulator 3. and pressurized to determine if the air cavities 6 are actually enclosed within one insulating plate 3. If so, the vapor pressure returns back through the orifice 7. By measuring the probe 11, the parameters in the cavity 6 are measured so that for example temperature corresponds to ° C, humidity air 80% and 5 air movement 0 m / s.

Example 2 (Fig. 3, 4)

In FIG. Figures 3 and 4 show an ETICS contact system with adhesive targets 8 and an intermittent adhesive fence 4, which interconnects the air cavities 6 below the individual insulating plates 3. This creates unspecified air gaps 2 which allow air movement 5, while the adhesive fence 4 and the adhesive target 8 do not reach, for example, 40% of the area of the insulation board 3, according to the ETICS certificate. This condition determines the measurement by the measuring probe 11 through the measuring orifice 7, where the air movement shows, for example, 0.2 m / s, a temperature of 15 ° C and an air humidity of 80%. Vapor pressure, for example 4 bars, is dispersed in the air gap 2. Implantation of expansion anchor 9 with mesh spacer and PUR foam not shown creates new anchoring points that replace the identified insufficiency of the adhesive surfaces formed by incomplete adhesion rail 4 and adhesive targets 8. Vapor Inlet a steam nozzle 10 through the metering orifice 7, moistens and heats the air gap 2 up to 30 ° C. Detected state does not correspond to ETICS. Due to the interconnection of the cavities 6, air flow and insufficient adhesion occur. It is created either by a pillow effect by marking the contours of the expansion layers or directly by loosening the adhesive layer with a dilapidated plaster.

The restoration of the adhesion of the released ETICS contact layer system is described below. Using a suitable presser, the convex position is returned to the original plane. A hole 7 is drilled through the stack of insulation boards 3 up to the substrate. The expansion anchor 9 with a diameter of 14 mm is inserted. A steam nozzle 10 is introduced into the armature 9 and is heated for approximately 5 seconds at a pressure of 2 to 5 bar and at a temperature of up to 140 ° C. After pulling out the nozzle 10, the anchor 9 is switched on by the winter PUR foam. During installation, the outside temperature is 0 ° C. The steam enters the air cavity 2 below the insulator and heats the conductive materials and the air near the spacer to more than 20-30 ° C. This allows the foam to accelerate from 20 to 10 minutes. At the same time, moisture is supplied by the condensation of steam, which is essential for expansion. The expansion of the PUR foam slows down

- 12 cooling the layers under the insulation board 3. After the foam has matured, the insulation layer is locked in the required position by a high adhesive and anchoring effect of at least 450 N on one piece of expansion anchor 9 while maintaining the necessary diffusion air gap 2.

Example 3 (Fig. 5, 6)

Figures 5 and 6 show a contact system where the ETICS certification is not adhered to by bonding only to the adhesion targets 8. Thus, there are no closed air cavities 6 but an open air gap 2 which fully allows the air 5 to move in the gap 2. disperses and does not return through the inlet. Together with the measuring probe 11, it shows that the insulation board 3 is not cohesive with the wall 7. This state highlights the need for anchoring by expansion anchor 9.

Example 4 (Figs. 7, 8)

Figures 7 and 8 show an embodiment of a certified contactless system where the insulating plates 3 are attached to the wall 1 by means of adhesive targets 8 which lock the insulating plate 3 until they are anchored by the expansion anchor 9. Then the adhesive targets 8 lose their importance. The load is transferred to the wall 1 by the resulting expansion anchors 9. Due to the low outside temperatures, for example around 0 ° C, the air gap 2 is superheated by the steam nozzle 10 through the opening 7 and the components below the insulating plate 3 by steam. from the steam nozzle 10 through the opening 7 to a temperature of 20 ° C. This accelerates the expansion of the PUR foam of expansion anchor 9 by 50% compared to the expansion of the PUR foam under normal climatic conditions.

In more detail for using the new solution according to this technical solution:

First of all, it is necessary to determine, in the case of insulated building constructions, whether contact insulations are made according to the ETICS certification, i. whether it really is a contact thermal insulation system.

In the event of defects in the anchoring and adhesive layer, a new anchor 9 with an expanding filler can be implanted, thereby completing the missing original adhesive layer, which should have consisted of an adhesive rail 4 and adhesive targets 8 on a 40% insulator surface. The adhesive layer is completed by heating and moistening the anchoring layer

- 13 places to accelerate expansion even at low outside temperatures. This increases the cohesion of the insulator at the anchorage point. At the same time, local steam contamination by fungal and algae spores is reduced by steam exposure when heating anchoring points. Also, the crystalline salt formed in the air gap 2 and the air cavity 6 in the surface of the building structure will be destroyed or substantially reduced.

If it is found that the insulation is carried out by contactless technology, it is only necessary to check the condition and function of the air gap 2, or remove incoherent parts, such as debris, arising from dilapidated building surfaces under the insulation.

As a precaution, it is advisable to carry out random and periodic inspections of the adhesive layer under the insulator in the case of thermal insulation systems with a view to timely determination of the remediation measure, if the condition of the insulation layer requires it.

Necessary remediation is carried out in the most hazardous layer, which is the adhesive layer in the air gap 2 behind the insulator. The air gap 2 is the space between the insulator and the building structure and has an important function in terms of optimizing the diffusion resistance of the insulated building structure.

For the initial basic inspection, it is sufficient to drill across an insulating stack, for example consisting of a facade layer, an insulating board 3, an air gap 2, an adhesive layer i.e. for example with an adhesive fence 4 or adhesion targets 8, an inspection hole 7, and then carry out a measurement to determine the condition of the insulation layer and its adhesion to the substrate, e.g. wall L For example, an opening 7, approximately 12 to 14 mm, can be drilled. a measuring probe 11 or a steam nozzle 10 which makes it possible to determine the necessary parameters under the insulating plates 3. These parameters are understood to mean the temperature, humidity and velocity of the air flow and movement 5 in the air gap 2 or in the air cavity 6 and adhesion of the adhesive layer. The air temperature depends on the construction of the building, the type of insulation layer chosen, the climatic conditions at the building site or interior.

For example, in a family house with non-contact insulation, the following values were measured: the outside air temperature of 21 ° C, the temperature in the air gap 2 between the masonry 7 and the insulation board 3 was in the opening 7 located 0.5 m above the foundation 23 ° C; height of 1.5 m above the foundation 22 ° C, and 3 m above the foundation 22.5 ° C.

The air humidity in the air gap 7 above the foundation of 0.5 m was measured 29%, at a height of 1.5 m above the foundation 28% moisture, and at a height of 3 m above the foundation of the building around 26% humidity. The humidity depends on how much moisture has been enclosed during installation. Further increase or decrease of humidity is influenced by the condition of the building structure and the influence of the type of insulation system used and its quality. Moisture down

- 14 may increase up to 90%. These findings prove the correct and irreplaceable function of the air gap 2 in terms of diffusion and moisture transmission through the building structure for healthy living.

Airflow in the air gap 2 affects humidity and moisture evaporation from the outer layers of the air gap 2. In well-functioning thermal insulation systems, the air flow rate in the air gap 2 is regulated according to the required parameters of the optimal physical properties of the building. The air flow even in some cases may not be intense unless required by the physical properties of the buildings, diffusion, wetting, thermal gradient, thermo-insulating and hydro-insulating properties of the building.

Suction of air from the aperture 7 detects possible contamination, i. concentration of harmful gases or mechanical particles, or undesirable fungal and algae spores may be detected. However, the values are reviewed by hygiene experts.

The repair hole 7 is formed at the locations of the detected defects for implantation of the anchoring system and / or adhesive targets 8. The repair hole 7 should not pass through the original adhesive layer. If the opening 7 passed through the adhesive layer, it would not allow the formation of a fully functional expansion anchor 9.

When the aperture 7 is treated with steam from the steam nozzle 10 which has been de-condensated in advance, the anchoring point is ready for foaming.

A steam burst with a pressure of at least 3 to 4 bar, at a temperature of 105 to 140 ° C, fills the air cavity 6 of the insulating contact systems and returns back around the steam nozzle 10. This demonstrates that the air cavity 6 is actually closed behind the insulator. as set out in the certification of ETICS contact systems. Perimeter gluing according to certification will not let steam under surrounding insulators. If the gap 2 is not pressurized behind the insulator and the vapor does not return, the steam pressure is increased to 4 bar. If steam does not return even at this pressure, it is evident that the certified procedures have not been followed and an unspecified air gap 2 has formed under the insulator. The adhesive layer is apparently insufficient and permits vapor to pass into the adjacent gaps. This means that there is the possibility of an unforeseen reduction in insulation function and the risk of system destruction.

If the steam under the insulator leaks into adjacent gaps and voids, it is necessary to take action to detect the placement of the insulated joints under the plaster and create lateral shadowing at the horizontal and vertical joints or by applying a straight bar; where there are joints, gaps between the battens and the plaster are created. By measuring from the skirting board multiples the width of the insulating boards used, a joint can be determined. Incoherent spots are detected by tapping the hollow sound. In the ETICS contact insulation system, using a polystyrene foam insulator,

- 15 is the norm of tensile strength, perpendicular to the insulator plane, 100 kPa, which is practically unattainable. The steam test is carried out for approximately 5 to 10 seconds.

For both contact and non-contact thermal insulation systems, either anchoring systems and / or adhesive targets 8 are implanted as required. The anchoring systems may be, for example, a net spacers, a metal screw, and the like. PUR foam adhesive targets 8 can be implanted with or without anchoring elements. The uneven insulating face surface of the insulator can be brought into its original position by means of a pressing device (not shown). Implanted expansion anchors 8, foamed with expandable plastic, do not create undesired thermal bridges, and the adhesive targets 8 formed in the air gap 2 simultaneously support the edges of all adjacent insulating boards 3, preventing them from sagging.

This will fix the entire insulation layer and repair the base by restoring the adhesion at the anchorage points. In the case of minor defects, only adhesive adhesive targets 8 without spacers or expansion anchors 9 can be implanted.

The anchoring systems are installed through the remediation holes 7 through the insulator, or they can pass through the adhesive layer and / or through the air gap 2 and extend into the building structure.

Desirably, all sanitation openings 7 are pre-treated with steam, cleaned of loose parts, moistened and heated.

The inspection and remediation is completed by sealing the hole 7 and by color matching the facade. If the façade has already been devalued before the remediation, color adjustment of the whole surface is suitable.

If a leak in the air cavity 6 is detected, the substrate under the insulator can be prevented locally by increasing the pressure for a short time to above 4 bar. This will remove incoherent parts, dried salt layers and the like. The plurality of inspection openings 7 are selected according to the condition and adhesion of the insulation layer. Incoherent parts, as long as they do not fall between the adhesion targets 8 and the playpen 4 remain behind the insulator permanently, do not have a significant effect on the function.

The anchorage point is heated locally so that the temperature corresponds to the requirements of a good connection. In case of anchoring of the thermal insulation layer, the temperature at the anchoring point is maintained for several minutes, which is sufficient for the actual mechanical or chemical anchoring process. The heating method may vary according to the anchoring method and the type of anchoring components. A foreign heat source, contact or non-contact, wet or dry, can be used for heating. In case of sufficient thermal conductivity of the components of the thermal insulation system and their accumulation, it is also suggested to preheat them before inserting them into the anchoring point. Where anchoring involves chemical processes requiring moisture, steam or hot water is preferably used. Contactless heating by hot air or

-16 steam also heats the surroundings of the anchorage point under the insulator. The insulating layer prevents rapid cooling and keeps the temperature above the outside temperature.

In the case of network spacers, in the case of using steam as a heat source, not only the anchoring point is heated, but also the wider surroundings, including the air gap 2. The steam is able to disinfect the space behind the insulator and moisten the anchoring space. This creates suitable conditions for the expansion and tackiness of the PUR foam. At the time of expansion by closing the anchorage point, the elevated temperature remains below the insulating layer much longer than with a conventional anchorage method. Such a method allows the anchoring operation to be accelerated by up to 50% and the PUR foam consumption reduced by up to 30%.

Industrial usability

The solution is suitable for contact and non-contact thermal insulation systems in construction.

Claims (16)

PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS 1. System for the control and / or rehabilitation and / or treatment of thermal insulation systems in the building industry, where thermal insulation systems, contact or non-contact, represent a construction product installed on the building structure and air gaps (2) and / or air cavities (6), at least one measuring probe (11) is provided in the air gaps (2) and / or air cavities (6) for inspecting, measuring and diagnosing thermal insulation systems, and / or at least one steam nozzle (10) for remediation and / or treatment of thermal insulation systems, characterized in that each measuring probe (11) and / or the steam nozzle (10) is housed in an opening (7) led from the outer shell of the building structure at different angles with respect to the horizontal plane, and resulting in air gaps (2) and / or air cavities (6) between the building structure and the building insulation of the insulation systems buildings. System according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to clean up and / or modify the thermal insulation system in the air gaps (2) and / or air cavities (6), a mass is implanted to form an adhesive layer between the building structure and building insulation and / or at least one anchoring element between the building structure and building insulation. System according to claim 2, characterized in that the material for forming the adhesive layer between the building structure and the building insulation is an expansion material forming adhesion targets (8). System according to claim 2, characterized in that the anchoring element is an expansion anchor (9) formed of a spacer and an expansion mass. 5. Method of inspection and / or remediation and / or treatment in building insulation systems, where contact or non-contact insulation systems represent a construction product installed on a building structure and air gaps (2) and / or air are situated between the building structure and the building insulation cavity (6), at least one measuring probe (11) for the inspection, measurement and diagnosis of thermal insulation systems, and / or at least one steam nozzle (10) for remediation is introduced into the air gaps (2) and / or air cavities (6) and / or treatment of thermal insulation systems, characterized in that the air - 19 spaces (2) and / or air cavities (6) between the building structure and building insulation in building insulation systems are implanted with a mass to form an adhesive layer between the building structure and building insulation and / or at least one anchoring element between the building structure and building insulation. Method according to claim 5, characterized in that for introducing the measuring probe (11) and / or the steam nozzle (10) into the air gaps (2) and / or air cavities (6) between the building structure and the building insulation, at least one opening (7) extending from the outer casing of the building structure at different angles to the horizontal plane and resulting in air gaps (2) and / or air cavities (6). Method according to claim 5, characterized in that the adhesive layer is formed by an expansion mass which forms an adhesive target (8) between the building structure and the building insulation. Method according to claim 5, characterized in that the anchoring element is formed from the spacer by foaming with an expansion mass into an expansion anchor (9) arranged between the building structure and the building insulation. Method according to claim 5, characterized in that in the air gaps (2) and / or air cavities (6) between the building structure and the building insulation, the measuring probe (11) and / or the steam nozzle (10) is inspected and diagnosed for the necessary remediation and / or modification of the thermal insulation system by detecting at least one actual value from values including air temperature, air humidity, air flow and adhesion of the adhesive layer. Method according to claim 5, characterized in that a measuring probe (11) and / or a steam nozzle (11) is carried out in the air gaps (2) and / or the air cavities (6) between the building structure and the building insulation. 10) measurement, control and diagnostics for the necessary remediation or modification of the thermal insulation system randomly, occasionally, at predetermined time intervals or continuously. Method according to claim 5, characterized in that in the air gaps (2) and / or the air cavities (6) between the building structure and -20 constructional isolation is used to measure, check and diagnose remotely, possibly with recording of measurement data. Method according to claim 5, characterized in that, prior to implantation of the adhesive to form the adhesive layer, the aperture (7) is cleaned and subsequently an expansion mass is introduced to form two-sided adhesive targets (8) in the aperture (7) creating anchoring points in the air. gaps (2) or cavities (6). Method according to claim 5, characterized in that, before impregnating the at least one anchoring element, the opening (7) and optionally the anchoring element are cleaned, and subsequently the opening (7) with the inserted anchoring element is switched to create anchoring points in the air gaps (2) and / or cavities (6) between the insulation and the building structure for the purpose of rehabilitating or modifying the thermal insulation system. Method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the opening (7) and, optionally, the anchoring element are heated after cleaning, before implanting the expansion mass and / or before implanting at least one anchoring element. Method according to claim 11, characterized in that before the implantation of the expansion mass and / or before the implantation of the at least one anchoring element, the opening (7) and, at the same time, optionally the anchoring element are moistened by pressure steam at a temperature of 80 to 140 ° C at a pressure in the range of 1 to 5 bar. Method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the implantation of the expansion mass is carried out at low outside temperatures, at least from the freezing point, in the range of 0 to 5 ° C.