SK4142004A3 - Method for 3D picture imaging - Google Patents

Abstract

The way the image is spatially displayed can be used in film halls, in homes watching TV programs, computer games, simulation subjects, in research, in teaching systems, in medicine, in air navigation, in advertising and in construction three-dimensional display of products by computer, e.g. at use of a CAD / CAM program and the like. Image recording according to the invention is simultaneously sensed by a camera with two sensing devices on one storage medium from where it is the playback device transmitted to the display device, wherein the playback device has a translation speed storage media matches the scanning speed of each camera shots. Single images from both sensing devices cameras can be recorded either continuously alternately in succession along the length of the storage medium in a continuous manner belt, or at the same speed continuously side by side on storage media.

Description

Method of spatial representation of the image

Technical field

The invention relates to a method for spatially displaying an image on a projection screen or on a display screen.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

So far, a method of filming movies with a camera for spatially displaying an image by projection is known. The spatial image camera works similarly to conventional cameras on 70 mm wide films with negative film material with a width of 65 mm. Unlike conventional wide-angle movie shooting, the film strip is horizontally oriented to maximize the size of the window. The film frame size is 52.6 x 70.4 millimeters with a 1.34: 1 ratio. Such a camera does not use zoom lenses, but only interchangeable lenses with a fixed focal length of 30 to 250 mm. The camera has two lenses that are spaced apart from each other at an average distance between the eyes of an adult, and weighs a lot in configurations with the largest film cassettes. j. up to approx. 150 kg. In the construction of the camera, it is also necessary to minimize the stress on the film substrate by means of a film strip feed mechanism. The disadvantage of current cameras is that they are susceptible to pollution, i. during filming, the film path must be kept very clean and therefore the entire mechanism must be thoroughly cleaned prior to each film introduction, which is particularly disadvantageous, for example, when filming in the desert or savannah, where there is high contamination on dry dirt roads.

A 70 mm wide film strip is predominantly used for the film itself. One image frame has a size of 70 x 51 mm, which is 10 to 13 times larger than that of 35 mm film used in conventional cinemas.

During projection, 24 frames must be projected in one second, which means that the film speed is about 1.7 meters per second. Given the length of one pull (one film window) of the 15 punch holes, the classical method of displacement with small grabs cannot be used, but several mechanical procedures must be combined. For example, the "Rolling Loop" procedure is most used, where mechanical feed with vacuum suction is combined

- 2 film on a flame-parallel glass plate so that when the rotary screen is open and the film frame is projected onto the screen, the image is flat and sharp across the screen. In addition, during the displacement of the strip with the shutter closed, the glass plate is moved at certain intervals so as to be free of any dust that may be deposited on the surface due to the resulting weak static electric charge. The film roll itself is located on a special Non-Rewind System (or also known as a Platte), where the film unwinds from one roll to take it to another roll after passing through the projector. During the projection, of course, two rolls are rolled at the same time. Since the weight of the film roll is approximately 100 kg, it is necessary to use a suitable mechanism for its handling, for example a special forklift. The rotary aperture itself has a 15 to 20% more open portion than conventional projection, resulting in a higher brightness of the projected image. In spatial projection, a second film strip is inserted into the lower film path, with an image for one eye recorded on each of them. The projector has two lenses like the camera. A projection plate with polarizing filters is inserted into the space between the lenses and the projector to polarize the image for each eye by horizontal and vertical polarization. The projector is mounted in the projection booth. The projector is usually moved by rail when loading a movie. In addition to the classical projector, a digital projector is also used for image projection. The input to the digital projector is digital data that is projected similarly to conventional portable projectors, but with different parameters. The resolution of the chip is 1280 x 1024 pixels, which corresponds to approx. 4 Mpixel. In particular, three high-contrast DLP Cinema Black S-XGA chips are used for projection. The DMD (Digital MicroMirror Device) chip represents three traditional colors - red, green and blue. The overall display contrast is more than 1,000: 1 To achieve a larger color gamut (equivalent to a film), the color depth is up to 42 bits, i. j. 14 bits per channel, which in theory gives up to 4 billion colors. A classic film projector has a brightness of only 7,000-10,000 ANSI lumens, but a digital projector has more than 12,000 ANSI lumens, equivalent to about 3,000 watts of xenon lamp power. In addition, lamps up to 7,000 W can be used. To ensure their cooling, such a device has complete air ventilation. The device itself has a massive electronics, additional functions are inserted into the carrier, where the control system, interfaces, server, sound amplifier etc. are usually located.

The surround cinema expands the panoramic image not only in landscape but also in height, so that the viewer looking to the center of the screen has almost all of his field of view filled with high-quality clear and sharp images with high resolution. The projection screen has large dimensions, e.g. up to 20 x 25 meters, in the shape of a projection dome identical to the projection planetarium in the concept of so-called. University where the whole hall and the dome are inclined at approximately 30 ° to give the viewer maximum visual

- 3 experience. Thus, the screen is so large that it fills the viewer with most of his or her vision, including peripheral vision, while being clear, i.e. j. it contains up to several million tiny holes that fully transmit sound while maintaining almost 99% light reflectance of the area, which is therefore reinforced with a special silver coating.

In a surround cinema, images are projected synchronously by two projectors from two film strips through two different polarizing filters on a common screen. A single eye image is recorded on each strip ”. The spectator must wear special glasses with the same polarization filters as projectors during the projection, which will then allow each eye to see only the correct image on the screen separately for a spatial optical impression. The service projector controls everything from the control panel, which is made up of a PC-type computer operating with the MS Windows NT operating system. You can fine-tune and sharpen the image remotely from the control panel. Due to the necessity of using special glasses in the simultaneous projection of a three-dimensional image, a cinema and glasses cleaner are usually part of such a cinema so that the viewer always gets the glasses clean and disinfected, while using technical means to prevent their theft. their legs cannot be folded mechanically, which makes them less space-saving and / or equipped with a press-in electronic chip which registers the movement through the electronic gate in front of the cinema and acoustically and visually alerts the cinema operator.

The disadvantage of such imaging is that in order to combine two different images, the viewer must have special spectacles with the same polarization filters on the projectors that ensure that the left eye image reaches the left eye during projection. an image designed for the right eye in its right eye, where the human brain connects them into one spatial - three-dimensional optical perception. Without glasses, only a bifurcated blurry image can be seen on the screen. In addition, special glasses must be cleaned and disinfected before each film is screened and secured from the cinema. Even the shooting of two synchronized films and the subsequent synchronous projection of the two films are technically complex. Also, the described method of creating a spatial image requires complex and expensive handling of the film material. Such a spatial image creation is only suitable for the use of a narrow circle of viewers, as it does not allow mass spatial transmission of the image to households, e.g. in the form of a surround cinema or a surround picture from a TV. For these reasons, such a spatial image creation is very costly and not widely used.

It is also known to use image holography to produce a three-dimensional image which is used in the field of applying optical diffractive structures to produce three-dimensional images or abstract diffractive and color images. Piece and small series production

- 4 is carried out for medium and larger formats (halogen-silver materials) as well as for smaller formats (dichromated gelatin, photopolymers). The mass production of holograms is usually carried out by embossing matrices into plastic foils, which are then applied in the form of stickers or by hot stamping on a paper or fabric substrate. Picture holograms are used as art images, spatial illustrations, documentation such as jewelry, toy, advertising element, decoration (diffractive foil) and security element. The information content of the hologram is high due to the high spatial frequency (of the order of a thousand lines / mm), but for visual observation it is superfluous and invisible to the eye. The reduction in the amount of information to be captured is thereby ensured, for example, by using the rainbow hologram technique, in which the vertical parallax of the image is damped. The image is displayed through a horizontal slit as it is recorded, and this image is iridescently reconstructed due to the dispersion of the hologram in white light upon the impact of the reconstructive wave. Laser technology is the basic way to create holograms. Hologram structure, i. j. a scratch system, arises as a uniform fill of the area defined by the graphic design or the size of the laser beams interfering with each other. With laser technology, it is possible to create three-dimensional images very well, as well as various image motion effects with different degrees of complexity and with different degrees of security against imitation or falsification. A great disadvantage of this method of generating a spatial image is the high technical complexity of the devices required to carry out the method and the high cost.

Also known is the method of obtaining spatial - three-dimensional image through special electronic glasses. The goggles are intended only for obtaining the illusion of a three-dimensional image from a classical two-dimensional image. They use alternating eclipse of the left and right eye. The video card driver alternately projects the image for the left and right eyes onto the monitor, and the glasses obscure the eye in sync with it. The disadvantage of this method of creating a spatial image is the creation of a poor quality ilozory image when using clean disinfected special electronic glasses before each viewing of the television screen, the inability to use in cinemas and LCD screens and the necessity of using television receivers with a high frequency display above 100 Hz. For this reason, this method is only suitable for computer games.

Furthermore, an LCD monitor with spatial display of the image is known. On the LCD, the dots for the left eye are displayed on even lines and for the right ones on odd lines. Behind the display is a holographic matrix that directs the different images to the left and right eyes. The disadvantage of this method is the necessity to precisely position the human head in front of the screen. This can be partially eliminated by placing two cameras on the head position monitor, while adjusting the holographic matrix to the current position, which is technically

- 5 challenging and costly.

Also known is a parabolic screen, which, although not providing spatial display, but thanks to the viewing angle of 180 ° evokes the illusion of spatial image impression. It uses a parabolic LCD TFT screen with a resolution of 1024x768 dots. A software image corrector is provided for an application that does not support this screen. The disadvantage of this method is the non-production of a true three-dimensional image, the heavy weight of the device with low resolution.

The three-dimensional image in the crystal ball is also known. In such a display, the monitor is in the form of a transparent glass sphere perched on a massive pedestal, whereby the monitor can be walked from all sides and always display a correctly rotated image. The solution itself is based on a rapidly rotating plate inside the glass sphere, on which the individual points of the image are displayed. When the plate is rotated, a point visible from a given angle always lights up. Due to the inertia of the human eye, one can observe a spatial image in the sphere. The advantage is that more people can watch the picture at the same time and everyone sees the right picture. However, the disadvantage of the solution is the high demands on the rotation speed and the switching speed of the display of individual points, the key question being the data intensity of such display. In this case, you need to use a minimum 768x768 screen resolution on the rotating plate itself, capable of displaying 198 images in one rotation, which is over 100 million pixels per second. The rate of recovery of the volumetric image is 24 Hz, ie as a film. The solution is suitable for connecting to a computer via a SCSI interface and must at least include a TI 1600 MIPS DSP processor, 3 Gbits DDR RAM, and images are processed through special software. The disadvantage of such a display method is low resolution, considerable size, technical demands, high failure rate and cost of the device. For these reasons, such a spatial image creation is very costly and not widely used.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The aforementioned drawbacks are largely eliminated by the method of spatial display of images according to the invention, which is based on the fact that the video recording is simultaneously imaged by a camera with two recording devices on one storage medium, from which it is transmitted to the display device by the playback device. match the frame rate of each camera shot.

It is advantageous if the individual images from both camera capture devices are camera

- 6 recorded continuously alternately in length along the storage medium in a continuous band. or, if individual images from both camera sensing devices are recorded at the same speed continuously side by side onto the storage medium, the individual images from the camera sensing devices may also be recorded at a distance coincident with the distance of the playback devices.

It is also preferred that the storage medium is a film strip, a playback device by a projector, and a display device by a projection screen.

It is further preferred that the storage medium allows digital image recording and the digital playback device is connected to a display device screen, which may be either a projection dome or a parabolic screen, or if the display device rotates in a glass sphere.

The present invention eliminates the need to use special glasses in the projection of film or electronic glasses for viewing images on television screens, including LCD screens, thereby eliminating the need to clean and disinfect the glasses before each screening of the film and the need to technically ensure their possible assessment or destruction after use. The invention, by eliminating the need to synchronize two separate recordings from the capture camera, also greatly simplifies image capture technically and technically simplifies subsequent image projection by eliminating synchronous projection simultaneously from two films. Also, the invention requires less complicated and costly handling of the film material with respect to the prior art, and the creation of the spatial image of the invention is less technically complicated and expensive than the prior art. Furthermore, the invention allows for the creation of a spatial image not only from a special film in large cinemas, but also from television sets in households without the need to capture the actual position of the head when viewed. In doing so, the invention not only creates the illusion of a three-dimensional image, but a real three-dimensional image. Also, the present invention in the form of a crystal ball in relation to the prior art increases the resolution of the ball screen, reducing its size, technical complexity, thereby reducing its failure rate and cost.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

An exemplary embodiment of the invention is illustrated by a method of spatially displaying an image in a cinema. For this purpose, the video recording is simultaneously scanned by a camera with two recording devices on a single storage medium, from where it is transmitted to the display device by the playback device. So movies are shot with a 3D camera

- 7 image projection. Such a spatial image-forming camera works similarly to the cameras mentioned in the prior art by producing an image record on a film strip. In order to make maximum use of the window size, the film strip is oriented mostly horizontally. The camera has two lenses which are spaced apart at an average distance of the eyes of an adult on the front side, while the construction of the camera takes care of the film substrate as little as possible in the form of a film-feed mechanism. The storage medium - the filmstrip has a two-fold shift speed in the camera when compared to that of one of its capture devices, i. j. the speed of the film strip is 3.4 meters per second or more, according to the camera design, and its playback device - projector has the same speed of movement of the storage medium - the film strip. The individual images from both camera capture devices are recorded at the same speed continuously alternately side by side onto the storage medium - film strip.

The projection of the image onto the film screen uses known suitable methods for straight film strip advancement, such as the "Rolling Loop" procedure, which combines mechanical feed with vacuum suction of the film onto a flame-parallel glass plate so as to open the rotary screen and film projection. the box on the canvas made the image straight and sharp all over. During the movement of the film strip, the glass plate is moved at certain intervals with the shutter closed, in order to be free of any dust which would also be deposited on the surface due to the resulting weak static electric charge. The film roll itself is located on a special device where the film strip unwinds from the roll to wind it onto another roll after passing through the projector. Due to the increased weight of the film roll, it is advisable to use a suitable mechanism for its handling. It is advisable to use a fast rotating iris in the projection device, which achieves a 15-20% higher brightness of the projected image compared to conventional projection. The projector has only one lens, through which the images for the left and right eye of the viewer are alternately projected from the film strip to the projection device - film screen.

For projection of images can be used in addition to the classic variant of a digital projector. By entering the projector, digital data is projected in a known manner similar to conventional portable projectors, but with different parameters. The resolution of the chip is 1280 x 1024 pixels, which corresponds to approx. 4 Mpixel. In particular, three high-contrast DLP Cinema Black S-XGA chips are used for projection. The DMD (Digital MicroMirror Device) chip represents three traditional colors - red, green and blue. Total impression contrast is greater than 1,000: 1. To achieve a larger color gamut (equivalent to a film), the color depth is up to 42 bits, i. j. 14 bits per channel, which in theory gives up to 4 billion colors. A classic film projector has a brightness of only 7,000 - 10,000 ANSI lumens, but a digital projector has more than

- 8 12 000 ANSI lumens, equivalent to about 3,000 W xenon lamp power. In addition, lamps up to 7,000 W can be used. To ensure their cooling, such a device has complete air ventilation. The device itself has powerful electronics, additional functions are inserted into the carrier, where is usually located the control system, interfaces, server, sound amplifier, etc.

The screen can be of any size, e.g. up to 20 x 25 meters in the shape of a projection dome identical to the projection planetarium in the concept of so-called. University, where the entire hall and the dome are inclined at approximately 30 ° to provide the viewer with a maximum visual experience. Thus, the screen is so large that it fills the viewer with most of his or her vision, including peripheral vision, while being clear, i.e. j. it contains up to several million tiny holes that fully transmit sound while maintaining almost 99% light reflectance of the area, which is therefore enhanced by a special silver coating.

During the projection, the viewer directly sees the spatial image on the screen and acquires a spatial optical impression. The service of the projector manages everything from the control panel, which is made up of a PC type working with the MS Windows NT operating system. You can fine-tune and sharpen the image remotely from the control panel.

An example of another embodiment of the invention is also illustrated by the method of spatially displaying an image in a cinema. For this purpose, the video recording is simultaneously captured by a digital camera with two recording devices on one storage medium, from where it is transmitted by the playback device to a display device - projection screen. Films are therefore filmed with a new camera for spatial representation of the image by projection. Such a digital camera for spatial imaging works similarly to the digital cameras disclosed in the prior art. The individual images from the recording cameras are digitally recorded in a known manner continuously at the same time on the storage medium. The camera has two lenses that are spaced apart at an average distance between the eyes of an adult. The storage medium in the camera, when scanning, has the same scrolling speed with that of its two scanning devices, i. j. the speed of the camera design is 1.7 meters per second or more, while the playback speed of the film projector's digital projector is the same.

Projection of the image onto the projection screen uses appropriate methods to move the storage medium evenly, and projection from a digital projector to a projection screen is a familiar way through a projector with two optics spaced apart at an average adult eye distance.

In this case, the projection screen may be of any size, e.g. up to 20 x 25 meters in the shape of a projection dome identical to the projection planetarium in the concept of so-called. univerzária.

- 9 where the whole hall and the dome are inclined at approximately 30 ° to give the viewer a maximum visual experience. Thus, the screen is so large that it fills the viewer with most of his or her vision, including peripheral vision, while being clear, i.e. j. it contains up to several million tiny holes that fully transmit sound while maintaining almost 99% light reflectance of the area, which is therefore reinforced with a special silver coating.

During the projection, the viewer directly sees the spatial image on the screen and acquires a spatial optical impression. The service projector controls everything from the control panel, which is made up of a PC-type computer operating with the MS Windows NT operating system. You can fine-tune and sharpen the image remotely from the control panel.

Another embodiment of the invention is based on the preceding embodiment, except that for this purpose the video recording is simultaneously recorded by a digital camera on one storage medium, so that individual images from both camera recording devices are recorded continuously alternately in succession along the length of the storage medium. into a continuous band from where they are transmitted by the playback device to the display device in the manner described in the first exemplary embodiment.

Another embodiment of the invention is similar to the already illustrated spatial display of cinema images. The only difference is that, for this purpose, video recording is simultaneously recorded by a digital camera with two capture devices on one storage medium, so that individual images from the capture cameras are recorded at a distance equal to the distance of the playback devices from where the playback device is transferred to the imaging devices. device.

Further embodiments of the invention differ from the foregoing in that their digital playback device is connected to a display device display, which may either form a parabolic display or where the display device rotates in a glass sphere, or alternatively, the display device rotates in the form of a small projection. screens projects a light image from a projector into a spatial image display.

Industrial usability

The method of spatial display of images according to the invention can be used in film theaters, in households for watching television programs, computer games, for simulating objects on a computer, in research, in educational systems, in medicine, in air navigation, in advertising and in 3D design computer products, e.g. when using a CAD / CAM program, etc.

Claims (9)

PATENT CLAIMS A method of spatially displaying an image, characterized in that the video recording is simultaneously imaged by a camera with two recording devices on a single storage medium, from where it is transmitted by the playback device to a display device, the playback device having a storage media advance rate equal to the frame rate of individual images cameras. The spatial image imaging method according to claim 1, characterized in that the individual images from the two camera imaging devices are recorded continuously in succession along the length of the storage medium into a continuous band. The spatial image display method according to claim 1, characterized in that individual images from both camera capture devices are recorded at the same rate continuously side by side onto the storage medium. The spatial image display method according to claim 3, wherein the individual images from the camera recording devices are recorded at a distance coincident with the distance of the playback devices. 5. A method for displaying images according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 to 4, wherein the storage medium is a film strip, a projector playback device, and a projection screen display device. The spatial image display method according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, wherein the storage medium enables digital image recording and the digital playback device is connected to a display device screen. The spatial image display method of claim 5, wherein the display device is a projection dome. - 11 The spatial image display method of claim 6, wherein the display device is a parabolic display. The spatial image display method of claim 5 or 6, wherein the display device rotates in a glass sphere.