SK302012U1 - Sub-caliber adapter for automatic or self-loading firearms - Google Patents

Abstract

Sub-caliber adapter is aimed to replace the original gun breech mechanism, for firing on less powerful ammunition. It consists of a casing (C), a breech (D), a lever for tensioning of breech (D) for the first shot, whereby the casing (C) of the breech (D) is by the shooting stationary and including a milled ejection window (C-1) to throw the shot cartridge. The adapter further comprises a rear stop (E-2) of the breech (D), defining the maximum length of the run breech (D), pressed to its forward position by a return spring (E.1) of the breech (D), which corresponds to the strength of the force used ammunition while in status of the unlocked breech (D), initiating a shot from his back position, are in the casing (C) slidably arranged a striker with firing (D-2) and an extractor (D-3) with a recess at the bottom. The adapter further comprises an insertion cartridge chamber (A-1), and from an insertion barrel (A-2), inserted from the front of the original weapon and locked by a particular compressive nut (A-3).

Description

Technical field

The technical solution concerns a small-caliber adapter for automatic or semi-automatic firearms, based on the design of the Czechoslovak submachine gun vz. 58. Without the necessity of professional intervention in the original design of the weapon, replacement of the slide, percussion mechanism, insertion of the cartridge chamber and insert barrel is achieved conversion to a weapon of equivalent function, but adapted for ammunition of smaller caliber .22 LR. The technical solution also provides the possibility of using a magazine shaft reduction to insert various .22 LR ammunition cartridges that are freely available on the market.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Self-loading and automatic weapons provide added value to the user, consisting mainly of high firepower with high wounding or penetration. However, their use also has its pitfalls, especially higher ammunition price, considerable recoil, noise, limitation of their use in some situations (eg some shooting ranges), and last but not least, negative impact on the environment (larger dust composition, more harmful material - usually lead - used to make the projectile, more material used to make the shell).

Manufacturers are trying to produce adapters to these weapons reducing the disadvantages, while maintaining the possibility of using the original ammunition with a slight reverse conversion of the weapon. The motivation of the adapter manufacturers is also to maintain the possibility of handling the weapon with its original dimensions, similar weight and operation of the weapon. Adapters generally maintain the outer shape and size of the breech, its function is often taken over by the insert containing the firing pin, then the extractor, the front for the hub and the return spring.

Adapter manufacturers have to cope with many constraints arising from the design of the weapon in question (eg dimensions, fixed components limiting the operation of the adapter, high ammunition power required to maintain the weapon's self-loading or automatic operation - bolt length, weight, stiffness of return springs, etc.).

Currently, adapters are known that allow the conversion of some automatic and semi-automatic weapons to fire ammunition smaller caliber, while maintaining the original way of operating the weapon.

As a rule, these adapters consist of a main or intermediate main and / or intermediate chambers, a breech and a breech housing, or a reduction of the storage well. There are known adapters interfering with the original design of the weapon, as well as adapters not requiring such intervention. Furthermore, there are known adapters allowing the use of all the original features of the weapon, but also those that leave some of the original features unused.

Automatic and semi-automatic weapons based on the design of the Czechoslovak submachine gun vz. 58., consist of barrel, sights (front sight, adjustable viewfinder / front sight), breech case (breech case lid with reversing mechanism), breech (breech, breech carrier with tensioning lever on the right side, bolt, firing pin), stock (or shoulder support), the upper and lower arm.

The conclusion ejects the cartridges from the magazine and pushes them into the cartridge chamber, locks the cartridge chamber in the firing, ignites the charge of the cartridge, pulls and ejects the fired cartridge. The return mechanism is used to return the slide to the extreme forward position.

The gun shoots from the front (locked) position of the breech. The function of the internal mechanism Sa vz. 58 is based on the principle of the pressure of the dust gases discharged after the shot from the inside, mainly through the oblique gas channel into the gas cylinder located above the barrel. In the cylinder, the gases act on the piston, the piston of which, with its rear end, rests on the carrier of the breech and thus transmits the pulse of the dust gases to it. The bolt carrier starts to move backwards, after moving it by 12 mm, the bolt, raised by the bolt, comes up outside the recess of the bolt housing and the bolt is unlocked. The necessary track creates a delay, during which the missile leaves the barrel and the dust pressure drops to a value safe to unlock the slide (this track is called the slip). The unlocked slide moves backward, the empty cartridge being pulled out of the cartridge chamber and discarded. Cartridge pulls the extractor, located at the conclusion, and a solid ejector in the holster of the gun (behind the magazine shaft) it ejects right up. The piston with piston rod returns to its forward position by a separate piston spring. The entire bolt returns to its forward position by a pre-slide spring located above the spring. In doing so, the conclusion feeds a new cartridge from the cartridge and pushes it into the cartridge chamber. The bolt closes the barrel and the bolt carrier, continuing forward movement, pushes the bolt into a recess in the bolt housing. So the barrel is closed and locked.

So far, no adapter for ammunition smaller caliber designed for the Czechoslovak submachine gun vz. 58 (caliber 7.62x39 or caliber 5.56 NATO / .223 Remington) and semi-automatic weapons derived from it, especially CZH 2003 Sport, CZ 858 Tactical, FSN Šerieš and VZ-58 Sport šeryš, nor small caliber modification of this weapon.

The essence of the technical solution

Construction Sa vz. 58 does not allow reversible conversion to .22 LR caliber in a simple manner, mainly due to the presence of components of the weapon which prevent the insertion of a sufficiently long barrel and due to the weight of the breech assembly for which higher pressures are required to function properly. . The weight of the locking device may be reduced by the use of lighter materials, which however shorten the life of the components.

The essence of the small caliber adapter is to change the original caliber of the weapon, which is achieved by removing the original breech mechanism and inserting individual components of the small caliber adapter. The conversion of the weapon therefore proceeds without the need for professional intervention in its original design, only replace the moving parts, which are normally removed in the normal dismantling of the weapon and insert the barrel, secured by the lock nut, cartridge chamber, secured buckle. The weapon equipped with an adapter then shoots from the position unlocked breech, self-loading function is fully preserved.

Another feature of the adapter is the simple convertibility to the various types of available small caliber cartridges by the use and undemanding adjustment of the magazine shaft reduction, as well as the simple convertibility for the ammunition of the given caliber of varying power by using different return springs.

Small caliber adapter is designed for Czechoslovak submachine gun vz. 58 caliber 7.62x39 and 5.56 NATO (.223 Remington) and self-loading weapons derived from it, in particular CZH 2003 Sport, CZ 858 Tactical, FSN Šeryš and VZ-58 Sport šeryš and can serve as part of the modification of this weapon in caliber. 22 LR. For weapons caliber 5.56 NATO (.223 Remington) and .22 LR is designed adapter modification, differing mainly in the dimensions (or absence) reduction of the shaft and the lack of insertion mainly saretácii. For .22 LR caliber guns, the cartridge chamber is no longer present.

Overview of the figures in the drawing

In FIG. 1 shows the main composition of the adapter; FIG. 2 shows an insertion chamber and an insert barrel with a detent; FIG. 3 is an insertion chamber of the cartridge shown in detail. In FIG. 4 shows a reduction of a cartridge chamber with a cartridge chamber lock, FIG. 5, this reduction is shown in detail. In FIG. 6 shows the breech housing; FIG. 7 shows a firing pin with a puller (bolt), FIG. 8 shows a firing pin with a puller (bolt) shown in detail. In FIG. 9 shows a spring stop, FIG. 10, the spring stop is shown in detail. In FIG. 11 shows a method for inserting a bolt into a bolt housing; FIG. 12 shows the bolt stop with the spring in the bolt cover. In FIG. 13 shows a method for removing the cartridge.

EXAMPLES

The adapter consists of the following basic parts (see Fig. 1): Insertion chamber A.I, secured by clip A.l-3, or arresting in the reduction of the magazine shaft B, insertion barrel A.2. locked with locking nut A.3; reduction of the storage well B; bolt housing C, firing pin with extractor (bolt) D, bolt return spring E.l and bolt stop E.2.

The barrel and cartridge chamber assembly (see Fig. 2) is as follows: cartridge chamber A.I for caliber .22 LR (not grooved, grooves begin at the mouth of cartridge barrel A.2 and run along its entire length); insertion barrel A.2; the locking nut A.3 of the barrel extending from the gas adapter for Sa vz. 58 commercially available. The bore of the gas nozzle mouth is enlarged to a diameter of 7.62 mm. The insertion chamber A.I (see Fig. 3) is provided with locking slots A.l-1 and a groove for extractor A.l-2.

The insertion chamber is secured by a clip A1.1-3, possibly fixed by a locking pin B-1 (see Fig. 4). By using and, if necessary, adjusting the cartridge bay B reduction (see Fig. 4), characterized by the presence of the cartridge insertion peg B1 and the cartridge lock lever B-2, the adapter can be adapted to different types of cartridges B.9 (see Fig. 13) for ammunition .22 LR. The cartridge used with B.9 Bunker Reduction is not included in the adapter - it is a third-party product currently available on the market.

The receiver C (see Fig. 6), which serves to guide the percussion device (receiver) and to draw the receiver before the first shot, is provided for this purpose by the receiver C-2: then it is provided with an ejection window C-1. The receiver C is further provided with a reduction screw C-3 and its locking, serving to define the length of the percussion device (bolt) so that the firing pin D-2 hits the edge of the cartridge, while not damaging the insertion chamber A.I. As soon as the path of the firing pin with the puller (bolt) D is sufficient to initiate the charge and at the same time does not strike the firing pin D-2 into the cartridge chamber A.I, the bolt adjusting bolt C-3 is secured by locking the bolt.

Fig. 7 and FIG. 8 show the composition of the bolt D. This consists of a bolt body D-1, firing pin D-2 initiating the ignition of the powder charge composition by impacting the edge of the cartridge and cartridge extractor D-3. The extractor is further provided with the spring of the extractor D-4 and is secured in the body of the bolt by the pin D-5.

A return spring E.l is required for correct operation of the slide (see Fig. 9). Depending on the strength of the ammunition, a spring of the appropriate force is used. The spring E.l is loosely connected to the return spring E.2-1 (see Fig. 10) fixed at the stop of the bolt E.2 by the return spring pin E.2-2.

The adapter uses springs according to ČSN 026020, made of steel 14 260.

The adapter is mounted on the weapon as follows:

1. First, the analysis of the weapon Sa vz. 58 in the manner recommended by the manufacturer.

2. Subsequently, it is inserted into the cartridge chamber disassembled Sa vz. 58 cartridge insertion chamber A.l narrowest transverse groove A.l-1 down (detent groove), narrower part in the direction of fire.

3. Next, the insertion chamber A.l is secured with a locking clip A.l-3.

4. It is then possible to insert a reduction of the magazine well B so that the locking pin B-1 engages in a transverse groove (locking groove, A.l-1) of the insertion chamber. Reduction of the magazine shaft B must be inserted if the magazine is used for another type of weapons.

5. Next, the insert barrel A.2 is inserted into the barrel Sa vz. 58 (front) and secured with the locking nut AJ. Barrel A.2 is not used for weapons caliber 5.56 NATO (.223 Remington).

6. Then, the receiver of bolt C is inserted into the guide grooves in the rear part of the rear part of FIG. 58 and slips forward in the grooves towards the barrel. When inserting it is necessary to use a weapon fuse, which must be set to the position "Locked." The locked mechanism prevents movement of the breech housing. After installing the slide housing, the fuse will return to the “Unlocked” position.

7. Next, insertion of the bolt D into the guide grooves in the rear part of the vz. 58, which is inserted into a hole in the receiver C (see Fig. 11). When inserting a slide it is necessary to press the trigger. Otherwise, the trigger mechanism prevents the slide from moving.

8. Next, slide the bolt stop E.2 onto the bolt of the bolt cover E. 10, then slide the spring E.l onto the bolt (see Fig. 12). The slide cap thus prepared is mounted on the weapon in the manner recommended by the manufacturer.

At this point the weapon is ready to fire.

Industrial usability

The adapter is usable in the operation of the Czechoslovak submachine gun vz. 58 and automatic or semi-automatic firearms derived therefrom, especially CZH 2003 Sport, CZ 858 Tactical, FSN Šerieš and VZ-58 Sport šeryš, when the removal of the original parts of the drum mechanism and their replacement for parts forming adapter changes without the need for professional intervention in the original design of the weapon its caliber, while maintaining the function of fire.

Adapter without insertion chamber A.l and insertion barrel A.2, without corresponding locking components A.l-3 and A.3. serves as part of the modification of the Czechoslovak submachine gun vz. 58 and automatic or semi-automatic firearms derived from it .22 LR.

PMzo-rt,

Claims (4)

Claims Α PROTECTION 1. Small caliber adapter for automatic and semi-automatic firearms, intended to replace the original breech mechanism for firing less powerful ammunition, characterized in that it consists of a holster (C), a bolt (D), a bolt for cocking the bolt (D) before a first shot, wherein the receiver (C) of the bolt (D) is stationary in firing and includes a milled ejection window (Cl) to eject the fired cartridge, the adapter further comprising a rear stop (E-2) of the bolt (D) defining the maximum length operation of the bolt (D) pushed into its forward position by the return spring (E1) of the bolt (D), the force of which corresponds to the strength of the ammunition used, and in the unlocked bolt (D) initiating the shot from its rear position are in the housing (C) sliding firing pin with firing pin (D-2) and extractor (D-3), with recess at the bottom to prevent hitting the original gun ejector, while adapting The era further consists of a cartridge chamber (Al) and a cartridge barrel (A-2), inserted from the front of the original barrel and locked by a pressure nut (A-3), the adapter further comprising a reduction of the magazine well (B). these parts required by the design of the original weapon. Small-caliber adapter according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing (C) and the slide (D) are provided with a slide guide (D) to prevent it from changing its position, the so-called. falling, at extreme dead centers and hitting parts of the original weapon, the guide being formed by a tongue in the holster (C) and a groove in the breech (D). Small caliber adapter according to claim 1, characterized in that the reduction of the magazine shaft (B) is replaceable or missing if a magazine of the same shape and design as the original weapon magazine is used to guarantee the possibility of using any type of magazine (B.9). , designed for .22 LR ammunition. Small-caliber adapter according to claim 1, characterized in that the cartridge insertion chamber (A-1) is locked in a variant by means of a clip (A.1-3) and / or a spring pin (B-1) located in the reduction of the magazine shaft (B).