SK287301B6 - Spacer for non-load bearing veneer walls and method for fastening said spacer - Google Patents

Abstract

Method solves fastening a spacer in a non-load bearing veneer wall in front of a solid wall (1), the veneer wall comprising an insulating layer (3) and an outer surface layer (4), an assembly pin (13), the leading, free end of which engages with the bore (10) in the solid wall (1) and the trailing end of which protrudes from the veneer wall, being introduced through a bore (9) in the veneer wall. The spacer (12) is placed onto the assembly pin (13). A drill (5) with a drill bit (8) is used in order to form a bore (10), through the veneer wall, in the solid wall (1), the drill bit (8) simultaneously forming a cut-out in the outer surface layer (4) of the veneer wall. The spacer (12) is driven into the insulating layer (3) using an assembly tool. The assembly pin (13) is removed from the spacer (12) using assembly tool (15) as a result of the fact that the assembly tool (15) is re-withdrawn from the spacer (12) using a suitable tool. An anchor bolt (25) is inserted through a central opening (14) in the spacer (12). A structural element (29) is placed onto the anchor bolt (25) and is connected to a threaded neck (31) of the anchor bolt by means of a nut (30).

Description

Technical field

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a method of fastening a spacer in a non-load-bearing cladding in front of a massive wall, the cladding comprising an insulating layer and an outer surface layer, wherein a mounting mandrel is inserted through the opening in the cladding. wall and its rear end protrudes from the cladding. The spacer is fitted to the mounting mandrel.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

For the sake of simplicity of description, the use of a spacer on a plaster and insulating layer without load-bearing capability is described below, although the invention relates to all non-load-bearing tiles.

With such cladding without a bearing capability, it is difficult to connect the fastener to a solid wall that is located behind the cladding. For this purpose, the corresponding anchor bolts or clips must be fastened in the solid wall through the plaster and insulating layer, so that the respective structural members can be fastened again to these anchor bolts or clips. For this purpose, said spacers are applied to the plaster layer and pierce through the plaster and insulating layer so that they are at least their front free end on or even penetrate the solid wall.

Up to now, it is known to pierce as a spacer, for example, a triangular profile or a circular profile over an existing plaster and insulating layer and insert it directly into the solid wall.

The disadvantage of the hitherto known method of fastening, however, was that one did not have any precise determination of the area of the spacer in the solid wall, since the spacer was "applied" somewhere to the plaster layer and through this at least partially drove into the solid wall.

A further disadvantage was that the placement of the spacer on the plaster layer and the placement of the spacer in the plaster layer severely damaged the plaster, resulting in cracking, breakage and an overall poor appearance at the mounting location.

In order to avoid this unsightly appearance, it was previously known to carve the plaster layer at the spacing locations of the spacer on the solid wall so as to obtain a clean area on the solid wall where the spacer or the building member could be placed.

The disadvantage of this fastening measure, however, was that the plaster layer was damaged and thus formed a cold bridge on the solid wall, which overall affected the thermal insulation and could lead to the formation of condensed water.

EP-A-1 046 764 A1 discloses a spacer for fastening building elements on a cladding without load-bearing capability in front of a massive wall, the spacer having a pipe on the outer circumference of which there are several spaced-apart wing extensions extending substantially radially outwards. The invention has the disadvantage that the spacer during assembly causes relatively great damage to the plaster layer and that precise positioning is not possible since it is driven into the plaster layer or the cladding insulation.

US-A-5 265 998 discloses a method of fastening a spacer in a cladding without load-bearing capability in front of a massive wall, wherein the cladding comprises an insulating layer and an outer surface layer, and through drilling in the cladding introduces a mounting mandrel it interferes with the drilling in the solid wall and, with its rear end, protrudes from the peripheral shell, the spacer being fitted onto the mounting mandrel.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of fastening a spacer in a cladding without supporting capability in front of a solid wall and a corresponding spacer so that clean penetration of the cladding is guaranteed when the cladding is mounted.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve this problem, the invention is characterized in that a drill bit with a drill bit rigidly connected to it is used to place an opening over the cladding in the solid wall, while the drill bit also cuts the outer surface layer of the cladding. The spacer is blown into the insulating layer by means of a mounting tool. The mounting mandrel is removed from the spacer by the mounting tool by pulling the assembly tool back out of the spacer by means of a suitable tool which engages in the mounting mandrel bore. An anchor bolt is inserted through the central hole in the spacer, which engages the front mounting head into the hole in the solid wall. A building element is attached to the anchor bolt protruding from the spacer and connected to the threaded extension of the anchor bolt by means of a nut.

In other words, according to the invention, in the first step of the method, it is proposed that a drill bit with a drill bit fixed to it is used to place a hole in the solid wall over the cladding, while placing the drill bit in an outer surface layer e.g. as a plaster layer, cut-out.

In the second step of the method, a mounting mandrel is introduced through the opening in the plaster layer, which by its front, free end penetrates into the opening in the solid wall and with its rear end protrudes from the plaster layer.

In the third process step, a spacer is applied to the mounting mandrel, and in the fourth process step the spacer is driven into the insulating layer by means of a mounting tool.

In the next step of the method, an anchor bolt is inserted through the axial opening in the spacer, which by its front mounting head penetrates into the opening of the solid wall.

In the last step of the method, a building member is mounted on the anchor bolt protruding from the spacer and connected to the threaded extension of the anchor bolt by means of a nut.

A spacer washer may be fitted to the anchor bolt prior to mounting the component.

In this way, we have the substantial advantage that it is initially proposed that the drill for locating the respective hole in the solid wall is rigidly connected to the drill bit.

The purpose of this measure is that when placing the hole over the plaster layer, the drill bit also places the corresponding cut-out in the plaster layer.

The drill bit is slidable and adjustable on the drill bit and is so adjusted in its length setting on the drill bit that when the drill hole in the solid wall is finished, the drill bit directly removes the outermost spatially following plaster layer for insulation to lay the plaster layer around protected against damage.

The removal of the plaster layer according to the invention thus prevents later damage to the plaster layer in this area, especially when the spacer according to the invention is later inserted into the insulation via the removed plaster layer.

In this case, in any case, the plaster layer is prevented from being damaged, since in the area of penetration of the spacer, the plaster layer is removed and there is only an insulating layer lying underneath through which the spacer can be inserted without problem.

The insulation existing under the plaster layer generally consists of fiberglass mats, Styropor, mineral fiber mats, embankments, clamps and many others, so that the insertion of the correspondingly prepared spacer is possible without further action.

After the hole in the insulating layer and the hole in the solid wall joining it are formed, the drill bit is removed and a mounting mandrel is inserted into the prepared hole, which penetrates into the hole of the solid wall with its front free end.

The length of the mounting mandrel is selected such that its rear end protrudes through the plaster layer, so that it serves as an insertion aid for the spacer slidable onto the mounting mandrel.

The spacer is formed as a pipe, preferably a cylindrical pipe, which has on its outer circumference one or more wing extensions.

Of course, according to the solution, it is not necessary for the spacer tube to be circular cylindrical. The spacer may have any profile shape, i.e. an oval tube, square or plurality of tubes may be used which have respective radially outwardly extending wing extensions.

The spacer is now fitted to the rear end of the mounting mandrel so that its front end abuts the top of the insulating layer.

The spacer is now driven by the mounting tool through the insulating layer along the mounting mandrel into the insulating layer, so that preferably its front (generally pointed) front side partially penetrates into the solid wall.

Then, the mounting mandrel is removed and a definite anchor or retaining screw is inserted into the loose opening of the spacer, which by its front, free end penetrates into the opening into the solid wall and is anchored there.

The anchoring can be carried out in any manner. All fastening or anchoring techniques can be used.

The anchor bolt penetrates outwardly through the insulating layer and also extends beyond the plaster layer removed therefrom, so that a building member is to be attached to the threaded end of the anchor bolt in order to position it on the threaded extension of the anchor bolt.

In this case, it may be provided that, in order to compensate for the thickness of the plaster layer, one or more spacers are laid on the rear end of the spacer, the thickness of which is to bring the plaster layer removed in this region. The spacers are preferably formed by a modular system with a grid dimension to complement each other and to be assembled together at different thicknesses.

Essentially, only the plaster layer removed in the area of the spacer should be aligned, preferably using a disk spacer.

However, other spacing means such as e.g. spacers, which are also possibly spacers to compensate for greater thicknesses.

For aesthetic reasons, the building element to be fastened is preferably mounted directly on the plaster surface without damaging the plaster when the fastening is completed. For this reason, various thick spacers or spacer sleeves may be used to meet this requirement.

The method according to the invention provides the substantial advantage that the spacer, which only gets through the insulation, can be inserted through the undamaged plaster layer, and by its front free end it can still be partially inserted into the solid wall or is mounted on the front side of the solid wall. has reached a sufficient mounting area for the component to be fastened.

This distance retaining means then transmits the clamping forces that are transmitted from the anchor bolt to the building member to the solid wall.

For this purpose, it is proposed that the spacer in the preferred embodiment consists essentially of an inner tube, the clear diameter of which is suitable for attaching the respective anchor bolt or clip bolt.

On the outer periphery of the tube there are arranged a plurality of wing extensions extending circumferentially distributed, preferably extending radially outwards.

Of course, the ailerons may also be arranged at an angle to the radius line, and instead of a straight construction, the ailerons may also be curved, bent or angled.

In a preferred embodiment, it is further suggested that the fronts of the wings extending towards the solid wall are formed with cutting edges to facilitate insertion of the wings into the solid wall.

It may further be provided that the edges extending in the axial direction facing outwardly are also formed as cutting edges to allow corresponding penetration of the insulating layer when inserting the spacer into the insulating layer.

The subject matter of the present invention results not only from the subject matter of the individual claims but also from the combination of the individual claims with each other. All the data and features disclosed in the documents, including the annotation, in particular the spatial structure shown in the figures, are included in the claims as essential to the invention as they are new or combined in the light of the state of the art.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings, in which: FIG. 1 shows schematically the insertion of a drill bit into a cladding without bearing capability;

Fig. 2 schematically - in a method step following it - the location of the mounting mandrel with the spacer mounted;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the final assembled state;

Fig. 4 is a front view of the spacer;

Fig. 5 is a front view of a spacer with a spacer;

Fig. 6 is a side view of a spacer sleeve;

Fig. 7 is a front view of the spacer sleeve of FIG. 6;

Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the spacer sleeve of FIGS. 6 and 7;

Fig. 9 is a plan view of the spacer sleeve of FIGS. 6 to 8;

Fig. 10 shows an embodiment of a spacer with a centering extension.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Figure 1 generally shows a solid wall 1 that carries a cladding without bearing capacity.

An example of such a non-load-bearing cladding is described in the exemplary embodiment by an adhesive layer 2 on a solid wall 1 which is connected to the respective insulation 3. On the spatial side, insulation 3 carries a plaster layer 4 in a known manner.

Of course, the plaster layer 4 may also consist of corresponding plaster support mats, fillers and the like.

To attach the building member 29 of Figure 3 to the massive wall 1 for carrying the load, a spacer 12 according to the invention is provided.

For the assembly of the spacer 12, a drill 5 is used in the first step of the method according to FIG.

According to the invention, the drill bit 5 is rigidly connected to the holder 6 which carries the drill bit 8.

By means of the clamping screw 7, the holder 6 can be freely moved in the axial direction on the drill 5 and can be fixed at any height. In the shown embodiment, the holder 6 has been fixed to the drill bit 5 such that when the holes 9, 10 are formed in the insulation 3 and the solid wall 1, the drill bit 8 forms an approximately circular cutout in the plaster layer 4.

This cut-out is then removed when the drill bit 5 is pulled out and then the surface of the insulation 3 lying underneath is free. By removing the plaster layer according to the method step of Figure 1, a recess 21 is obtained in this region through which the spacer can be mounted without damage around the underlying plaster layer.

After these preparation steps of the method, according to FIG. 2, a mounting mandrel 13, which preferably has a mandrel shaft 19 of larger diameter than a comparable guide head 18, is inserted into the opening 9 in the insulation 3.

The guide head 18 is introduced into the aperture 10 so that, overall, the mounting mandrel 13 projects through the plaster layer 4 with its return end.

This mounting mandrel 13 further serves as a guide for the spacer 12 mounted thereon, which has an opening 14 for receiving the mounting mandrel 13.

By means of the stepped assembly tool 15, the spacer 12 is now driven in the direction of the arrow 22 through the insulation 3 towards the solid wall 1.

For this purpose, the assembly tool 15 is provided with stops 17 so that the assembly tool abuts the upper circumference of the spacer 12 and the hammer is driven down in the direction of the arrow 16.

After insertion of the spacer, the mounting mandrel 13 is removed from the spacer by the mounting tool 15, the mounting tool 15 being pulled out again from the spacer by means of a suitable tool which fits into the opening 20.

After penetration of the spacer 12 through the insulation 3, the finished mounting positions of the spacer 12 shown in Figure 3 are reached.

Once the spacer has reached its final mounting position, an anchor bolt 25 is inserted into the free opening 14 of the spacer 12, which by its front, free end anchors in a known manner in the opening 10 of the solid wall 1.

In the shown embodiment, a clip head 26 is placed in front of which is placed a spacer sleeve 27 that can be radially expanded.

The threaded anchor 31 of the anchor bolt protrudes over the end of the spacer 12, and the threaded member is now fitted with the building member 29 to be fastened, the corresponding spacer 28 being inserted into the recess 21 to compensate the thickness of the plaster. the member 29 is flush with the plaster layer and fastened to the spacer 12.

The spacer 28 also transmits the respective forces of the building member to the spacer 12.

A suitable nut 30 is screwed onto the threaded extension 31 and thus the load-bearing component 29 is applied to the spacer 12 in a load-transmitting manner, so that the total load is transmitted through the spacer 12 to the solid wall 1.

According to FIG. 4, the spacer 4 consists essentially of a tube 23, on the outer periphery of which the radially outwardly directed wing extensions 24 are arranged.

The faces of the wings 24, which are disposed closest to the solid wall 1, are then preferably formed as cutting edges 32 to allow these faces to be inserted into the solid wall 1.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the lateral edges 33 of the wings 24, directed axially, are likewise formed as cutting edges in order to facilitate the penetration through the insulation 3. In this way, the insulation 3 is cut and less compressed.

Instead of the spacer 28 described herein, spacer sleeves may also be used, as described in the general section, with which larger spacer differences in the recess area 21 may be bridged.

6 to 9 also show, by way of example, a spacer sleeve 34 having a spacer 28 on which the sleeve 35 is formed.

Various deep, one-sided longitudinal slots 36, 37, 38 are arranged in the wall of the housing.

In this way it is possible to mount the spacer sleeves in different rotational positions on the upper front side of the spacer 12, namely on the aileron extensions 24 therein, thereby obtaining different spacings of the spacer sleeves 34 above the front side of the spacer 12.

For example, in a particular rotational position, it is proposed that the wing extensions lie only on the bottom 39 of several longitudinal slots 37 having the same length.

In another rotational position, it may also be provided that the wing extensions extend only on the bottom 40 of the formed longitudinal slots 36, so that the spacers 28 above the spacing of the spacer 12 are thereby reduced.

Depending on the rotational position of the spacer sleeve 34, the spacer with different deep elongated slots is mounted on the associated aileron extensions 24 of the spacer 12, so that the aileron extensions abut on the bottom 39, 40 of the respective longitudinal slot 36-38.

In this case, it is proposed that the sash extensions fit either only into the longitudinal slots 36, or only into the longitudinal slots 37, or only into the longitudinal slots 38. Thus, two different spacer heights 34 of the spacer sleeve 34 above the spacer 12 can be achieved.

In another embodiment of Figure 10, it is suggested that the centering of the anchor bolt 25 also exists in the central center hole of the spacer 12. For this purpose, the spacer has an axial centering extension 41 that is formed on the centering screw and fits into the central center hole of the spacer. the outer circumference of the anchor bolt 25.

In a varied embodiment, on the other hand, the spacer 28, which is formed solely in the manner of the spacer, can be associated with a centering sleeve which is mounted as a separate member on the spacer (or into the spacer). 28, but also into the central opening of the spacer 12. There is also an attempt to substantially fit the outer periphery of the anchor bolt 25.

Although the described embodiment only relates to a cladding that carries the soft insulation, of course all cladding without supporting capability and the spacer formed according to the method and the spacer sleeve cooperating with the spacer can be processed by the method according to the invention.

The invention is therefore not limited to the type and composition of the insulating layer and optionally of the plaster layer disposed thereon.

Claims (14)

PATENT CLAIMS Method for fastening a spacer in a non-load-bearing cladding, in front of a massive wall (1), the cladding comprising an insulating layer (3) and an outer surface layer (4), wherein a mounting mandrel (9) is introduced through the opening (9). 13), which with its front, free end engages in an opening (10) in the solid wall (1) and with its rear end protrudes from the cladding; and wherein the spacer (12) is fitted to the mounting mandrel (13); characterized in that a drill bit (5) with a drill bit (8) rigidly connected thereto is used to form a hole through the cladding in the solid wall (1), wherein the drill bit also forms in the outer surface layer (4) of the cladding cut out; the spacer (12) is hammered into the insulating layer (3) by the mounting tool; the assembly mandrel (13) is removed from the spacer (12) by the assembly tool (15) by pulling the assembly tool (15) out of the spacer (12) by means of a suitable tool engaging the bore of the assembly mandrel (20); an anchor bolt (25) is inserted through the central opening (14) in the spacer (12), which engages the front fastening head (26) into the opening (10) in the solid wall (1) and the anchor bolt (25) protruding from the spacer 12), the building member (29) is mounted and connected to the threaded extension (31) of the anchor bolt (25) by means of a nut (30). Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the drill bit (8) is mounted in a displaceable and adjustable manner on the drill bit (5) and, by its longitudinal adjustment, is adjusted on the drill bit such that when the bore (10) is finished in the solid wall (1) ) removes the outer surface layer (4). Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the length of the mounting mandrel (13) is selected such that its rear end protrudes through the surface layer (4) so that it serves as a guide for the spacer (12) which is retractable. for mounting mandrel. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the spacer (12) is inserted into the solid wall with its leading front edge. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a spacer washer (28) is applied to the anchor bolt (25) before the building element (29) is fitted. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a spacer sleeve (34) is attached to the anchor bolt (25) before the building element (29) is fitted. Method according to claim 6, characterized in that the wall of the spacer sleeve (34) is provided with longitudinal slits (36, 37, 38) of different depth, open on one side. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the spacer (12) has a tube (23) on the outer periphery of which several spaced-apart wing extensions (24) extend substantially radially in a direction out. Method according to claim 8, characterized in that the spacer tube (23) is designed as a cylindrical, oval, triangular or multilateral tube. Method according to claims 8 and 9, characterized in that the tube (23) is designed in such a way as to engage a respective anchor bolt (25) or a retaining bolt. Method according to claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the wing extensions (24) are arranged at an angle to the radius line. Method according to claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the wing extensions (24) are formed straight, curved, bent or angled. Method according to Claims 8 to 12, characterized in that the front faces of the wings (24) facing the solid wall (1) are provided with cutting edges (32). Method according to claims 8 to 13, characterized in that the radially outwardly directed edges of the wing extensions (24) are provided with cutting edges (33).