SK285599B6 - Coupling device for agricultural and other machinery - Google Patents

Abstract

A coupling device for agricultural and other machinery is constructed so, that a pressing spring (8) putting on a secure pin (7) is situated between a back part of a coupling jaw (6) and a guiding housing (9), whereby on the back part the pin (7) is fixed a coupling cable (11), which is connected with a controlling lever (22) by a complete coupling cable (13). The secure pin (7) is operated electrically or hydraulically or pneumatically.

Description

Technical field

The technical solution relates to a clamping device intended for tractors and other technology, in particular for a faster, more convenient and safer clamping of any work tool, implements or various attachments, whether carried or towed, which is formed of fork clamping jaws and remotely controlled mechanism directly from driver's cab.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Until now, the operation of clamping work tools, implements or various attachments on tractors to the three-point linkage has been carried out mostly manually. The attachment of the tool to the three-point hinge has been and is still very strenuous and dangerous. Especially since the use of any tools for the need for agrotechnical work has resulted in frequent injuries to the fingers or contusions of the legs. It was often a very lengthy operation, depending on time in preparation for work. Hitherto, clamping endings, either with a ball bearing or a cut-out ending, have not been used to eliminate this risk of great risk of injury and strenuous work when installing the tool.

With a higher weight of the selected necessary tools for the given agrotechnical work within the clamping system permanently leads to the aforementioned danger, that is the injury.

Known is a three-point hinge equipped with a ball bearing end-joint. It is the most widespread system in the attachment of tools to the three-point linkage of tractors. This type of hitch is currently used on all small, light, medium and heavy tractors. It is a three-point hinge with the worst working manipulation when clamping any tool. Clamping the mounted tool into this kind of three-point hinge has been and is very strenuous even if it is a lighter work tool. In particular, the challenge was that the invited auxiliary had to fully release the steering linkage limiter to the maximum. This was followed by a direct danger of approaching the tractor back to the required implement. The auxiliary worker himself had to lift one of the draw bars while the tractor was moving so that he could slide the ball bearing drawbar into the pivot of the implements when the tractor was approached to the appropriate distance. 1 despite this relatively lightening action, the forced helper had to push the rod with physical strain into the pivot of the carried tool to fasten the selected tool. Immediately after this difficult task, the bolt was secured to the selected desired tool. In this strenuous way, only one side of the desired selected mounted implement was attached to the tractor. Either the right or left side of the tool. Clamping of the implement to the tractor continued on the opposite side (the other side of the second drawbar) in a similar way to the first drawbar. Therefore, clamping into this three-point hinge is often accompanied by work injuries of minor, medium and severe injuries. Especially when the rods slip out of the bolts carried by the tool before locking the bolt hole with a pin and thrust washer. Then, if the tractor is not approaching the implement incorrectly, the selected implement will fall out of the parking stand. The effort to clamp the tool into these tips always depends on the type of tool used. The difficulty of clamping always lies in whether it is a small and light or large and heavy tool. All this has had a great impact on various types of injuries. The most frequent injuries were exposed mainly to the lower and sometimes upper limbs. Occasionally, fatal accidents occur when using very heavy agricultural implements. In most cases, when driving large and heavy implements, the tractor driver has always had to invite one or more support workers to clamp the required agro-technical tools.

Another type of three-point hitch is equipped with an ending with a cut-out into the drawbar. This is essentially a newer type of clamping device, which is most widely applied and introduced in heavy tractors with a lifting force for a max. up to 5000 kg in a three-point hitch equipped with a terminal with a cut-out in the drawbar and secured against the tool slipping with a bayonet lock. This new and safer type of clamping device has significantly improved the conditions for attaching very heavy mounted implements to tractors. The heavy physical work of the tractor driver himself - the driver and the invited assistant in the deployment of the required agrotechnical tools - has been considerably reduced. All deployment operations are identical to the previous type. The only difference is that the invited assistant does not need to release the swinging limiters as much as the first type before the tool is put on. This is basically a more accurate type when deploying tools. With this type, it already picks up the selected tool in the cut-outs of the drawbars. The slots are provided with an opening for receiving a deflection ball. This deflection ball is attached by the auxiliary worker to the pins of the carried implement before being attached and attached to the tractor. After this act, the tractor moves back to the necessary tools, pulls it under the steering linkage, and the assistant makes sure that the pins are correctly inserted into the linkage. When the pins are securely inserted into the linkage, the closing bayonet mechanism is triggered. After this, the required implement is securely attached to the tractor. 1, in spite of a substantial improvement in the working conditions of the tractor himself, the complete safety of this strenuous work is still not ensured. The need to call a toolholder assistant remains. Even this new clamping device has not yet eliminated the risk of injuries and driving the driver out of the tractor cab to the device that he wants to attach to the tractor.

When attaching a heavy tool, it necessarily requires an assistant to ensure that the required tool is attached to the tractor. It is only after these necessary and important tasks that the tool is secured to the three-point hitch. Then he is obliged to step out of the tractor cab again and check that the tool is secure. The second time he enters and exits the tractor cab. It is not always possible to clamp the carried and towed tools or equipment without problems. Although this type has significantly improved the clamping of agricultural equipment to and from the tractor, there is still a great potential for slipping when attaching the implement from the tractor linkage linkage. In a similar way, he or his assistant can hurt himself. The risk of injury has been substantially reduced! The equipment with external control of the hydraulic device of the three-point linkage is known, thus partially excluding the presence of another auxiliary person during the deployment of the tool. The three-point linkage controls have been intelligently positioned on the outer part of the mudguard, making it easier to attach the tool to the three-point linkage by one person.

The essence of the technical solution

These drawbacks from the previous types of clamping devices are largely eliminated by new equipment for tractors and other equipment. It is a device of simple construction, which quickly makes it very easy and safe to attach any required agro-technical tools or various attachments to the tractor and other necessary equipment.

The essence of the solution is to create fork clamping jaws with a parabolic cut-out to allow lateral swing of the towed or carried tool in the three-point linkage of the tractor, which is fitted with a safety locking pin - pin.

When the tractor is accurately approached to the required agro-technical equipment and the control lever is pulled up by the driver in the cab of the tractor (other technology), the safety pin is automatically unlocked, ensuring that the main pins from the agro-technical equipment are caught in the fork clamps. By lowering the lever, the main pins of the selected tool are locked and the predetermined tool is ready for agro-technical work. The mechanical system of the above mentioned clamping device with locking pin can be replaced by electric (electromagnet), hydraulic or pneumatic.

In order to ensure the correct functioning of the fork clamping jaws and the locking bolt, the remote control system must also be chosen correctly, consisting of the control lever and the complete steel cable in the remote control cable - Bowden cable. Only when this required technical condition is fulfilled, the clamping device can securely lock into the fork clamping jaws any selected agrotechnical device in the tractor's three-point linkage without the assistance of another person. The control lever of the fork clamping jaws is generally located on the right side of the driver's cab, although the left side is not excluded. It all depends on the arrangement of the tractor manufacturer's controls.

The device according to this technical solution enables quick and safe unlocking and securing of the selected mounted or trailed implement to the given tractor. At the same time, it eliminates or eliminates any strenuous physical work required for the deployment of the desired agrotechnical tool or equipment.

For the correct operation of this device, the fork clamping jaws must have the correct parabolic inner circular notch that will allow the tool to rotate sufficiently in the event of an obstacle.

The advantage of this device is that it is easy to use. Structurally very advantageous. For production easy. For practical use with minimal maintenance and care. Simple operation, which is provided directly from the driver's cab. It excludes any presence of auxiliary staff. Prevents or completely excludes leaving the tractor cab. Absolutely excludes injury. It prevents the driver from coming into direct contact with the technology. This makes the tractor more versatile and convenient for every farmer. The tractorist can perform several operations with this clamping device during the day without losing time and effort, such as: loading plows for plowing or using an adapter for complex soil preparation, sowing a seed drill, etc.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The technical solution will be elucidated by means of the drawing in which FIG. 1 device according to the technical solution. Figure 2 shows the desired shape of the fork clamping jaws according to STN 013121 and 013122. In a front view, in a side view, to simplify the simplicity of the shape of the fork clamping jaws outside the steering rods. Figure 3 shows the locking of the fork clamping jaws; 4 shows the release of the fork jaws before inserting the desired agrotechnical selected tool.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The device (Fig. 1) consists of fork clamping jaws 6 with a safety locking pin 7 and a steering rod 2. The arm towards the tractor is equipped with a ball bearing 1 (with ball bearing) with clamps 3 for limiting the oscillation, and with a control suspension screw 4.

The opposite end of the drawbar 2 is provided with a limiting staple 5 which serves to precisely define the spacing of the drawbar 2 for clamping the required tool, a compression spring 8, a locking pin guide 7, a spring cover 10, a tensioning rope 11, with a rubber duster. it is connected to a complete tensioning rope 13 for remote control of the clamping device with a lock 14 of the guide house 9. The control suspension bolt pin 4 connects the steering rod 2 to the control suspension bolt 4. A complete tensioning cable 13 for remote control passes through the guide 17 ropes. The other components are identical to the handbrake, in which it is not necessary to establish a control connection, the device comprising a control nut 18, a spring washer 19, a bolt 20, a control lever cover 21, a clamping device control lever 22, a drawbar 23, a lock nut 24, a thrust washer 25, an angle lever 26, a clamping device actuator, a washer 27, a adjusting screw 28. The spring 29, the nut 31 and the tension spring 32, the arrangement of which is shown in FIG. First

Two pieces of complete fork clamping jaws 6 are welded to the two steering rods 2 (on the arms) to ensure trouble-free operation. To this end, an additional and control device is mounted via a complete tensioning rope 13, via a control lever 22. On the fork clamping jaws 6 FIG. 2 to allow the attached agro-technical device to be continuously rotated to the tractor when hitting an obstacle, thereby replacing the auxiliary rotary ball used in the second type of clamping device. This circular parabolic cutout in the fork clamping jaws, which is shown very well in FIG. 2 is terminated by a locking safety pin 7, a compression spring 8, a guide house 9 of the safety locking pin 7. The entire operating mechanism is terminated by a tensioning rope 11a by an operating lever 22 in the driver's cab with accessories.

This mechanical actuation of the safety locking pin 7 can be replaced by electric, hydraulic or pneumatic.

Handling of the clamping device according to the technical solution emphasizes (Fig. 4) that in order to clamp the required agro-technical tools into a three-point hitch equipped with fork clamping jaws 6 the driver 3 must

- pull the control lever 22 to the upper position to unlock the safety locking pin 7. After unlocking the fork clamping jaws 6 in the three-point linkage, the tractor can move the tractor to the desired hitched or trailed implement, retract it and lift it to retract the main pins. of the selected machine into the fork clamping jaws 6 and by actuating the control lever 22 locks the desired device into the three-point hinge. In this way, the tractor becomes more mobile and safer when the aggregates are replaced quickly in agricultural conditions.

The equipment according to the technical solution can be used wherever a quick change of machines, equipment, tools to speed up the required work is required, whether in agriculture, forestry, construction, etc.

This solution is not only for tractors, but also for other equipment that requires quick tool change.

Claims (2)

PATENT CLAIMS Clamping device for agricultural and other technology, characterized in that a compression spring (8) is slid on the safety locking pin (7) between the rear part of the fork clamping jaw (6) and the guide house (9), with the end part of the safety the tensioning rope (11) is fixed to the locking pin (7) and is connected to the control lever (22) via a complete tensioning rope (13). Clamping device, characterized in that the safety locking pin (7) is actuated electrically or hydraulically or pneumatically.