SK282244B6 - Method of manufacturing insulating boards - Google Patents
Method of manufacturing insulating boards Download PDFInfo
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- SK282244B6 SK282244B6 SK562-93A SK56293A SK282244B6 SK 282244 B6 SK282244 B6 SK 282244B6 SK 56293 A SK56293 A SK 56293A SK 282244 B6 SK282244 B6 SK 282244B6
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- Prior art keywords
- fiber web
- slices
- web
- binder
- fibers
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002557 mineral fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTPJLNSARGBDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[diethyl(prop-2-ynyl)azaniumyl]propane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound C#CC[N+](CC)(CC)CCCS([O-])(=O)=O XTPJLNSARGBDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009422 external insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000256 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
- D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
- D04H1/732—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by fluid current, e.g. air-lay
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4209—Inorganic fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4209—Inorganic fibres
- D04H1/4218—Glass fibres
- D04H1/4226—Glass fibres characterised by the apparatus for manufacturing the glass fleece
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
- D04H1/64—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in wet state, e.g. chemical agents in dispersions or solutions
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
- D04H1/74—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being orientated, e.g. in parallel (anisotropic fleeces)
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B2001/7683—Fibrous blankets or panels characterised by the orientation of the fibres
Abstract
Description
Oblasť technikyTechnical field
Vynález sa týka spôsobu výroby izolačných dosiek, ktoré sú zložené z prepojených plátkov z minerálnych vlákien, pri ktorom sa tavenina tvoriaca východiskový materiál premení na vlákna, ku ktorým sa privedie spojivo, potom sa vlákna so spojivom uložia na dopravný pás na vytvorenie primárneho vláknového rúna, z ktorého sa vyrábajú izolačné dosky.The invention relates to a process for the production of insulating boards comprising interconnected mineral fiber sheets in which the melt forming the starting material is converted into fibers to which a binder is fed, then the binder fibers are deposited on a conveyor belt to form a primary fiber web, from which the insulation boards are made.
Doterajší stav technikyBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
V nemeckom patentovom spise DE-PS 23 07 577 je uvedený podobný spôsob výroby izolačných dosiek. Týmto známym spôsobom výroby sa tavenina premieňa na minerálne vlákna odstredivým metaním z jedného alebo niekoľkých rýchlo rotujúcich metacích kolies, za súčasného pridávania vytvrdzovateľného spojiva a takto upravené vlákna sa zachytávajú na obežnom páse v podobe vláknového rúna. Vlákna sú orientované prevažne rovnobežne s povrchom tohto vláknového rúna. Podľa tohto známeho spôsobu sa vláknové rúno rozreže pozdĺžne na plátky a vzniknuté plátky sa pootočia o 90° okolo svojej pozdĺžnej osi a takto orientované plátky sa vzájomne spoja a vytvárajú výrobok v podobe pásu, ktorý sa ďalej rozreže na dosky podľa určenej dĺžky. Vzhľadom na pootočenie plátkov sú vlákna hotových dosiek vedené prevažne v rovine, ktorá je kolmá na povrch dosiek a také dosky majú značne veľkú tuhosť a pevnosť kolmo na svoj povrch.DE-PS 23 07 577 discloses a similar process for the production of insulating boards. In this known process, the melt is converted into mineral fibers by centrifugal sweeping from one or more fast rotating sweep wheels, while adding the curable binder, and the treated fibers are retained on the fiber web as a fiber web. The fibers are oriented predominantly parallel to the surface of the fiber web. According to this known method, the fiber web is cut longitudinally into slices and the resulting slices are rotated 90 ° about their longitudinal axis, and the thus oriented slices are joined together to form a strip product which is further cut into slabs according to a specified length. Due to the rotation of the sheets, the fibers of the finished boards are guided predominantly in a plane that is perpendicular to the surface of the boards and such boards have a considerably high stiffness and strength perpendicular to their surface.
V patentovej prihláške CA-A-1 209 893 je uvedený spôsob výroby výrobku z vláknitého materiálu vyrobeného z vláknového rúna zo sklených vlákien s obsahom spojiva a kde vrstvenie vlákien prebieha rovnobežne s povrchom tejto rohože. Týmto spôsobom sa vykonáva zvlnenie vláknového rúna v pozdĺžnom smere tak, aby podstatná časť vrstvených vlákien bola rozložená priečne hrúbkou vláknového rúna, ďalej sa spojivo vytvrdí pôsobením tepla, vláknové rúno sa rozreže v pozdĺžnom smere na pásy, tieto pásy sa pootočia o 90° a susedné pásy sa navzájom spoja a vytvoria sa dosky. V priebehu pozdĺžneho stlačovania vláknového rúna vzniká vnútri vláknového rúna zvlnená štruktúra kolmo na jeho pozdĺžny smer. Keď sa také vláknové rúno rozreže na plátky a plátky sa pootočia o 90° a vzájomne sa spoja do dosiek, každý plátok má zvlnenú štruktúru, smerujúcu kolmo na základný povrch takej dosky, a prepožičiava doske väčšiu tuhosť a pevnosť ako pri doskách, ktoré sú zložené z rovných vrstiev.Patent Application CA-A-1 209 893 discloses a method of manufacturing a fibrous material product made of a fibrous glass fiber web comprising a binder and wherein the lamination of the fibers takes place parallel to the surface of the mat. In this way, the fiber web is crimped in the longitudinal direction such that a substantial portion of the laminated fibers are distributed across the transverse thickness of the fiber web, the binder is cured by heat, the fiber web is cut longitudinally onto the webs, these webs are rotated 90 ° and adjacent the strips are joined together to form plates. During longitudinal compression of the fibrous web, a corrugated structure is formed within the fibrous web perpendicular to its longitudinal direction. When such a fiber web is cut into slices and the slices are rotated 90 ° and joined to each other, each slice has a corrugated structure directed perpendicularly to the base surface of such a plate and imparts greater rigidity and strength to the plate than with folded plates of flat layers.
Dosky, vyrobené známymi spôsobmi, sú vhodné na mnoho použití, ale pri špeciálnom použití, ako napríklad vonkajšej izolácii striech alebo priečelí budov a izolácii podláh, majú nedostatočnú tuhosť alebo pevnosť alebo nedostatočné izolačné vlastnosti.The boards produced by known methods are suitable for many applications, but they have insufficient stiffness or strength or insulating properties for special applications such as external insulation of roofs or facades of buildings and insulation of floors.
Podstata vynálezuSUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Uvedené nedostatky do značnej miery odstraňuje spôsob výroby izolačných dosiek zložených z prepojených plátkov z minerálnych vlákien, pri ktorom sa tavenina minerálnych vlákien tvoriaca východiskový materiál premení na vlákna, ku ktorým sa privedie spojivo, potom sa vlákna so spojivom uložia na dopravný pás na vytvorenie primárneho vláknového rúna, podľa vynálezu, ktorého podstatou je, že sa vytvorí sekundárne vláknové rúno zdvojením primárneho vláknového rúna kladením vrstiev primárneho vláknového rúna priečne na pozdĺžny smer vláknového se kundárneho rúna, potom sa sekundárne vláknové rúno rozreže v pozdĺžnom smere na plátky, ktoré sa narežú na požadovanú dĺžku, plátky sa potom otočia o 90° okolo svojej pozdĺžnej osi a vzájomne sa spoja do dosiek, a potom sa spojené plátky stláčajú povrchovo a následne sa stláčajú pozdĺžne, buď pred rozrezaním alebo po rozrezaní sekundárneho vláknového rúna do plátkov.The aforementioned drawbacks are largely eliminated by a process for producing insulating boards composed of interconnected mineral fiber sheets in which the mineral fiber melt forming the starting material is converted into fibers to which a binder is fed, then the binder fibers are deposited on a conveyor belt to form a primary fiber a nonwoven according to the invention, which is formed by forming a secondary fibrous web by doubling the primary fibrous web by laying the layers of the primary fibrous web transversely to the longitudinal direction of the fibrous web, then the secondary fibrous web is cut into longitudinal direction into slices which are cut to desired length, the slices are then rotated 90 ° about their longitudinal axis and joined together into plates, and then the joined slices are compressed superficially and subsequently compressed longitudinally, either before or after the secondary fiber web is cut into slices.
V jednom príklade uskutočnenia sa plátky stláčajú pozdĺžne v pomere 1,5 : 1 až 4 : 1: V inom príklade uskutočnenia sa plátky stláčajú povrchovo v pomere 3 :1 až 6 :1.In one embodiment, the slices are compressed longitudinally in a ratio of 1.5: 1 to 4: 1: In another embodiment, the slices are compressed superficially in a ratio of 3: 1 to 6: 1.
V ďalšom príklade uskutočnenia sa sekundárne rúno rozreže v pozdĺžnom smere na plátky majúce požadovanú dĺžku pred otočením o 90° a potom sa spoja do dosiek.In another exemplary embodiment, the secondary web is cut in longitudinal direction into slices having the desired length prior to rotation by 90 ° and then joined into plates.
V ďalšom príklade uskutočnenia sa k vláknam privedie spojivo vytvrdzovateľné za tepla a vytvorené plátky sa stláčajú povrchovo pozdĺžne, pred tepelným spracovaním vláknového rúna na vytvrdenie spojiva.In another embodiment, the curable binder is fed to the fibers and the formed sheets are compressed surface longitudinally prior to heat treating the fibrous web to cure the binder.
Výhodou spôsobu podľa vynálezu je, že vyrobená doska obsahujúca ako zvlnenú štruktúru vzniknutú pozdĺžnym stlačením plátkov, tak jednotlivé vlákna orientované kolmo na povrch dosky, má vysokú tuhosť a pevnosť v celom priereze dosky, pričom iba zvlnená štruktúra smeruje kolmo na povrch dosky, zatiaľ čo vlákna sú orientované ľubovoľne v rovine kolmej na povrch dosky. Ďalšou výhodou je, že doska uvedenej konštrukcie môže byť vytvorená z plátkov zo sekundárneho vláknového rúna vytvoreného zdvojením primárneho vláknového rúna, ktorého vlákna sú orientované paralelne s jeho povrchom a prevažne v jeho pozdĺžnom smere. Spôsob výroby izolačných dosiek podľa vynálezu umožňuje výrobu dosiek zložených z plátkov so zvýšenou tuhosťou a pevnosťou v porovnaní s doskami, ktoré sa vyrábajú iba z primárneho vláknového rúna, kde sú vlákna ľubovoľne umiestnené v rovine rovnobežnej s jeho povrchom. Obzvlášť vysoká tuhosť sa dosiahne pri doskách vyrobených z plátkov získaných pozdĺžnym rozrezaním sekundárneho vláknového rúna, ktoré sú následne pootočené o 90° okolo svojej pozdĺžnej osi, pretože prevažne priečne orientované vlákna vzhľadom na sekundárne vláknového rúno sú umiestnené kolmo na povrch dosky. Stlačením vláknového rúna v pozdĺžnom smere, pred pootočením plátkov o 90° sa zvýši pevnosť v tlaku hotových plátkov, ktoré spoločne s uvedeným zvýšením tuhosti sa prejavujú vzájomnou interakciou prinášajúcou výsledný efekt ktorý je vyšší ako efekt, dosiahnutý iba ich súčtom.An advantage of the method according to the invention is that the manufactured board comprising both the corrugated structure formed by longitudinal compression of the sheets and the individual fibers oriented perpendicularly to the board surface has high stiffness and strength throughout the board cross section, with only the corrugated structure facing perpendicularly to the board surface. are oriented arbitrarily in a plane perpendicular to the surface of the board. A further advantage is that the board of said structure can be formed from sheets of a secondary fiber web formed by doubling the primary fiber web, the fibers of which are oriented parallel to its surface and predominantly in its longitudinal direction. The method of manufacturing the insulating boards according to the invention makes it possible to produce sheets composed of sheets of increased rigidity and strength compared to sheets produced only from a primary fiber web where the fibers are arbitrarily positioned in a plane parallel to its surface. Particularly high stiffness is achieved with sheets made from sheets obtained by longitudinal cutting of the secondary fiber web, which are subsequently rotated 90 ° about their longitudinal axis, since the predominantly transversely oriented fibers relative to the secondary fiber web are positioned perpendicular to the surface of the board. Compressing the fiber web in the longitudinal direction, before turning the wafers by 90 °, increases the compressive strength of the finished wafers, which, together with said increase in stiffness, manifests themselves through an interaction yielding a resultant effect that is greater than the effect achieved only by their sum.
Namiesto zvýšenia pevnosti sa môže vyžadovať zníženie mernej hmotnosti, čim sa môže zvýšiť izolačná schopnosť. Je známe, že dosky z minerálnej vlny tvorené z plátkov obsahujúcich asi 30 % granuliek väčších ako 63 pm, majú optimálnu izolačnú schopnosť pri mernej hmotnosti asi 49 kg/m3. Je známe, že vláknové rúno sa môže najskôr vytvárať vyrobením primárneho pomerne tenkého vláknového rúna a následne zdvojením tohto rúna na získanie sekundárneho, pomerne hrubého vláknového rúna, obsahujúceho čiastočne presahujúce vrstvy primárneho vláknového rúna, ako je uvedené v nemeckom patentovom spise DE-PS 35 01 897.Instead of increasing the strength, a decrease in specific gravity may be required, thereby increasing the insulating ability. It is known that mineral wool slabs formed from slices containing about 30% granules larger than 63 µm have an optimum insulating ability at a specific gravity of about 49 kg / m 3 . It is known that a fiber web can be formed first by making a primary relatively thin fiber web and then doubling the web to obtain a secondary, relatively coarse fiber web containing partially overlapping layers of the primary fiber web as disclosed in DE-PS 35 01 897th
Ak sa vláknové rúno zdvojí, nanášajú sa vlákna na vysokorýchlostný dopravný pás, pohybujúci sa rýchlosťou 130 m/min., v podobe tenkej vláknovej vrstvy s hmotnosťou 0,3 kg/m2. Keď sa vlákna takto nanášajú, ukladajú sa na dopravný pás v smeroch, ktoré sú rovnobežné s povrchom vláknového rúna a prevažne rovnobežné so smerom pohybu pásu. Výsledné vláknové rúno získa pevnosť v ťahu, ktorá je v jeho pozdĺžnom smere asi dvakrát vyššia ako v priečnom smere. Sekundárne vláknové rúno sa vytvára kladením tenkého primárneho vláknového rúna pomocou kyvadlových pásov v niekoľkých vrstvách, napríklad vIf the fiber web is doubled, the fibers are applied to a high speed conveyor belt at a speed of 130 m / min in the form of a thin fiber layer of 0.3 kg / m 2 . When the fibers are thus applied, they are deposited on the conveyor belt in directions that are parallel to the fiber web surface and predominantly parallel to the direction of belt travel. The resulting fiber web acquires a tensile strength that is about twice as high in its longitudinal direction as it is in the transverse direction. The secondary fibrous web is formed by laying a thin primary fibrous web by means of pendulum belts in several layers, e.g.
SK 282244 Β6 dvadsiatich vrstvách, a to prevažne priečne na pozdĺžny smer sekundárneho vláknového rúna, pričom počet vrstiev je určený požadovanou plošnou hmotnosťou sekundárneho vláknového rúna. V zdvojenom vláknovom rúne sú vlákna orientované prevažne priečne, keď vrstvy primárneho vláknového rúna prechádzajú naprieč primárnym vláknovým rúnom. Cieľom zdvojovania vláknového rúna je obyčajne získať sekundárne vláknové rúno s pomerne veľkou hrúbkou a malými zmenami mernej hmotnosti v pozdĺžnom smere. Spôsobom podľa vynálezu sa zo zdvojeného vláknového rúna vyhotovia plátky, ktoré majú 4 až 25 vrstiev a plošnú hmotnosť 1 až 8 kg/m2.The number of layers is determined by the desired basis weight of the secondary fiber web. In the double fiber web, the fibers are oriented predominantly transversely as the layers of the primary fiber web extend across the primary fiber web. The purpose of doubling the fiber web is usually to obtain a secondary fiber web with a relatively large thickness and small variations in specific gravity in the longitudinal direction. The process according to the invention produces slices having 4 to 25 layers and a basis weight of 1 to 8 kg / m 2 from the twisted fiber web.
Spôsoby pozdĺžneho stlačovania vláknového rúna sú samy osebe známe. Podľa známeho spôsobu uvedeného v švajčiarskom patentovom spise 620 861 sa rúno z minerálnych vlákien privádza medzi dva rovnobežné dopravné pásy, ktoré sa pohybujú rýchlosťou V) a následne sa privedie medzi dva ďalšie dopravné pásy, ktoré sa pohybujú rýchlosťou V2, pričom rýchlosť V2 je nižšia ako rýchlosť V,. Podľa pomeru medzi Vb a V2 sa vláknové rúno viac alebo menej pozdĺžne stlačuje. Pomer Vb a V2 sa volí tak, aby sa týmto pozdĺžnym stlačovaním vytvorilo zvlnenie vláknového rúna, ktoré prechádza priečne na jeho pozdĺžny smer. Ďalším známym spôsobom, podľa patentového spisu US 2,500,690, sa pozdĺžne stlačovanie vykonáva súpravou valcov, pričom ich otáčky sa znižujú v pozdĺžnom smere vláknového rúna.Methods of longitudinal compression of the fiber web are known per se. According to the known method disclosed in Swiss Patent 620,861, the mineral fiber web is fed between two parallel conveyor belts which move at speed V) and subsequently fed between two other conveyor belts which move at speed V 2 , wherein the speed V 2 is less than V speed. Depending on the ratio between V b and V 2 , the fiber web is compressed more or less longitudinally. The ratio V b and V 2 is chosen such that a longitudinal compression of the fibrous web is formed which extends transversely to its longitudinal direction. In another known method, according to U.S. Pat. No. 2,500,690, longitudinal compression is performed by a set of rollers, the speed of which decreases in the longitudinal direction of the fiber web.
Vláknové rúno sa vo výhodnom uskutočnení pozdĺžne stlačuje pred jeho rozrezaním na plátky, ale môže sa pozdĺžne stlačovať aj po jeho rozrezaní na plátky. Spôsobom podľa vynálezu sa plátky stláčajú pozdĺžne hlavne v pomere 1,5 : 1 až 4 : 1 ako bolo uvedené, plátky by sa mali pozdĺžne stláčať po ich povrchovom, t. j. vertikálnom stlačení. Pri použití spojiva vytvrdzovateľného za tepla sa plátky pozdĺžne stláčajú pred ich zavedením do vytvrdzovacej pece. Spôsoby povrchového stlačovania vláknového rúna sú tiež známe. Vláknové rúno, ktoré sa má stlačovať, sa zavedie medzi valce v súprave valcov, pričom vzdialenosť medzi jednotlivými valcami sa postupne zmenšuje v smere pohybu vláknového rúna. Spôsobom podľa vynálezu sa plátky stláčajú v pomere 3 :1 až 6 :1.The fiber web is preferably compressed longitudinally before it is cut into slices, but may be longitudinally compressed after it has been cut into slices. According to the method of the invention, the slices are compressed longitudinally mainly in the ratio of 1.5: 1 to 4: 1 as mentioned, the slices should be compressed longitudinally over their surface, i.e. j. vertical compression. When using a thermosetting binder, the sheets are compressed longitudinally before being introduced into the curing oven. Methods of surface compression of the fiber web are also known. The fiber web to be compressed is introduced between the rollers in the roll set, the distance between the rollers gradually decreasing in the direction of movement of the fiber web. According to the method of the invention, the slices are compressed in a ratio of 3: 1 to 6: 1.
Rozrezávanie vláknového rúna na plátky sa vykonáva hlavne pílami, a to pásovými pílami, ako je uvedené v nemeckom patentovom spise DE-PS 23 07 577 alebo okružnými pílami, ako je uvedené vo švédskej patentovej prihláške SE 441 764 a v nemeckom patentovom spise DEPS 20 32 624. V príklade výhodného uskutočnenia spôsobu podľa vynálezu sa plátky z minerálnych vlákien narežú na stanovenú dĺžku pred ich otočením o 90° a spojením do dosiek. Toto otočenie sa môže dosiahnuť napríklad v spojení s premiestňovaním narezaných plátkov z jedného dopravného pásu, ktorým sa privádzajú vo svojom pozdĺžnom smere na druhý dopravný pás, ktoiý sa pohybuje kolmo na prvý dopravný pás, ktorým sa dopravujú kolmo na ich pozdĺžny smer. Také usporiadanie je výhodné, keď potrebné strojové zariadenie na uskutočňovanie tohto spôsobu vyžaduje malý priestor. Plátky sa môžu alternatívne otočiť o 90° podľa uskutočnenia uvedeného v nemeckých patentových spisoch DE-PS 23 07 577 alebo DE-PS 20 32 624.The slitting of the fiber web is mainly carried out by saws, such as band saws as disclosed in DE-PS 23 07 577 or circular saws as disclosed in Swedish patent application SE 441 764 and DEPS 20 32 624 In an example of a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the mineral fiber slices are cut to a predetermined length before being rotated by 90 ° and joined into plates. This rotation can be achieved, for example, in conjunction with moving the cut sheets from one conveyor belt, which is fed in its longitudinal direction to the other conveyor belt, which moves perpendicularly to the first conveyor belt, which is conveyed perpendicular to their longitudinal direction. Such an arrangement is advantageous when the required machinery for carrying out this method requires little space. Alternatively, the wafers can be rotated 90 ° according to an embodiment disclosed in DE-PS 23 07 577 or DE-PS 20 32 624.
Vhodne orientované plátky určené na vytvorenie dosiek sa môžu k sebe spojiť spojivom, ktoré sa nanáša na vrchnú stranu vláknového rúna, a podľa výberu a na ich spodnú stranu a hlavne pred rozrezaním vláknového rúna na plátky. Nemusí sa však pridávať ďalšie spojivo, pretože spojivo privádzané k vláknam na vytvorenie vláknového rúna, sa nachádza tiež na povrchu plátkov a môže stačiť na ich vzájomné spojenie pri dobrom zlisovaní plátkov počas vy tvrdzovania spojiva vo vyvrdzovacej peci, ako je uvedené v dánskej patentovej prihláške DK 3526-75. Keď sa privedie k vláknam spojivo vytvrdzovateľné za tepla na vytváranie vláknového rúna a toto spojivo sa tiež použije na spojovanie plátkov, môže sa toto spojivo vytvrdiť v jednej operácii pri priechode správne orientovaných a spojených plátkov vytvrdzovacou pecou, kde sa zahrejú na vytvrdzovaciu teplotu, ktorá je hlavne v rozsahu 210 °C až 260 °C, pokiaľ sa ako spojivo použije fenolformaldehydová živica. Spojivo na spojenie plátkov sa však môže tiež priviesť potom, čo vláknová štruktúra, resp. plátky, boli zohriate vo vytvrdzovacej peci na vytvrdenie spojiva privedeného k vláknam na vytváranie vláknového rúna. Po vytvrdení vo vytvrdzovacej peci sa môžu privádzať tiež iné spojivá ako uvedené spojivá vytvrdzovateľné teplom.Suitably oriented sheets for forming the sheets may be joined together by a binder which is applied to the top side of the fiber web and, optionally, to the bottom side thereof, and in particular prior to cutting the fiber web into slices. However, no additional binder need be added since the binder fed to the fibers to form the fiber web is also present on the wafer surface and may be sufficient to bond them together with good wafer compression during curing of the binder in a curing oven as disclosed in Danish patent application DK 3526-75. When a hot-curable binder is formed to form fibers, and the binder is also used to join the sheets, the binder may be cured in a single operation by passing properly oriented and bonded sheets through a curing oven where they are heated to a curing temperature that is especially in the range of 210 ° C to 260 ° C when phenol-formaldehyde resin is used as a binder. However, the wafer-bonding binder can also be introduced after the fiber structure and the fiber structure have been removed. the sheets were heated in a curing oven to cure the binder fed to the fibers to form a fiber web. After curing in the curing oven, binders other than the thermosetting binders can also be fed.
Prehľad obrázkov na výkreseOverview of the figures in the drawing
Vynález bude bližšie vysvetlený pomocou výkresu s jedným obrázkom, kde je schematicky znázornené zariadenie na uskutočňovanie spôsobu podľa vynálezu.The invention will be explained in more detail by means of a drawing with one figure, in which the apparatus for carrying out the method according to the invention is schematically illustrated.
Príklady uskutočnenia vynálezuDETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Na pripojenom výkrese je znázornené uvedené zariadenie s tavnou pecou 1 obsahujúcou taveninu tvoriacu východiskový materiál na výrobu minerálnych vlákien. Tavná pec 1 je vybavená výpustným otvorom 2, ktorým sa tavenina privádza k metaciemu zariadeniu 3, vybaveného štyrmi rýchlo rotujúcimi metacími kolesami 4. Súčasne s privádzaním taveniny na vonkajší povrch metacích kolies 4 a s rozprašovaním spojiva sa v axiálnom smere privádza na povrch metacích kolies 4 silný prúd plynu, Odstredivým metaním taveniny so spojivom a pôsobením silného plynu sa tavenina premieňa na minerálne vlákna 5, ktoré sa ukladajú na nekonečný perforovaný dopravný pás 6 vedený tromi valcami 7, z ktorých jeden je poháňaný neznázomeným hnacím ústrojenstvom. Pri tejto operácii sa z vlákien 5 vytvorí primáme vláknové rúno 8, ktoré sa privedie medzi dva kyvadlové pásy 10, 11 pomocou ďalšieho dopravného pásu 9. Spodné konce kyvadlových pásov 10, 11 sú umiestnené výkyvné v kolmom smere na pohyb ďalšieho dopravného pásu 12, vedený dvomi valcami 13, z ktorých je jeden poháňaný neznázomeným hnacím ústrojenstvom. Amplitúda kývania spodných častí kyvadlových pásov 10, 11 zodpovedá šírke dopravného pásu 12, na ktorom sa tak vytvára z čiastočne presahujúcich vrstiev primárneho vláknového rúna 8 zdvojené sekundárne vláknové rúno 14. Sekundárne vláknové rúno 14 sa ďalej privádza do úseku na povrchové stlačovanie, ktorý pozostáva zo súpravy troch spolupracujúcich valcov 15,16,17, kde vzdialenosť medzi valcami v tejto súprave sa postupne zmenšuje v pozdĺžnom smere sekundárneho vláknového rúna 14. Sekundárne vláknové rúno 14 sa ďalej privádza do úseku na pozdĺžne stlačovanie, ktoiý tiež pozostáva zo súpravy troch valcov 18, 19, 20, rotujúcich rovnakými otáčkami, ktoré sú však nižšie ako otáčky súpravy valcov 15,16,17.In the attached drawing, said melting furnace 1 comprising a melt forming a starting material for producing mineral fibers is shown. The melting furnace 1 is provided with a discharge opening 2 through which the melt is fed to a metering device 3 equipped with four fast-rotating metering wheels 4. At the same time as the melt is fed to the outer surface of the metering wheels 4 and the binder is sprayed. The melt is converted into mineral fibers 5 which are deposited on an endless perforated conveyor belt 6 guided by three rollers 7, one of which is driven by a drive system (not shown). In this operation, the fibers 5 form a primary fiber web 8, which is fed between two pendulum belts 10, 11 by means of a further conveyor belt 9. The lower ends of the pendulum belts 10, 11 are pivoted perpendicular to the movement of the next conveyor belt 12. two rollers 13, one of which is driven by a drive (not shown). The pendulum amplitude of the lower parts of the pendulum belts 10, 11 corresponds to the width of the conveyor belt 12, on which a doubly secondary fiber web 14 is formed from the partially overlapping layers of the primary fiber web 8. The secondary fiber web 14 is further fed to the surface compression section. a set of three cooperating rollers 15, 16, 17, wherein the distance between the rollers in the set is gradually reduced in the longitudinal direction of the secondary fiber web 14. The secondary fiber web 14 is further fed to a longitudinal compression section, which also consists of a set of three rollers 18, 19, 20 rotating at the same speed, but lower than that of the cylinder assembly 15, 16, 17.
Sekundárne vláknové rúno 14 sa po pozdĺžnom stlačení privedie do vytvrdzovacej pece 21, kde sa ohreje na teplotu, ktorá je dostatočne vysoká na vytvrdenie spojiva a vzájomné spojenie vlákien.After longitudinal compression, the secondary fiber web 14 is fed to a curing oven 21 where it is heated to a temperature sufficiently high to cure the binder and bond the fibers together.
Po priechode vytvrdzovacou pecou 21 sa tepelne spracované sekundárne vláknové rúno 14 rozreže v pozdĺžnom smere pílami 22 na vytvorenie plátkov 23, ktoré sa ďalej rozrežú priečnou pílou 24. Vzniknuté plátky 23 sa potomAfter passing through the curing oven 21, the heat-treated secondary fiber web 14 is cut longitudinally by saws 22 to form slices 23, which are further sliced by a cross-cut saw 24. The formed slices 23 are then
SK 282244 Β6 otočia o 90° okolo svojej pozdĺžnej osi a vzájomne sa spoja do dosiek 25 na dopravníku 26, pričom sa súčasne na dotykové plochy plátkov 23 nanáša spojivo pomocou neznázorneného nanášacieho ústrojenstva na vzájomné zlepenie plátkov 23.They are rotated 90 ° about their longitudinal axis and joined together to the plates 25 on the conveyor 26, while simultaneously applying a binder to the contact surfaces of the wafers 23 by means of a wafers 23 (not shown).
Ako je z výkresu zrejmé, prechádzajú vrstvy vytvorené z primárneho vláknového rúna 8 v podstate kolmo na povrch hotovej dosky 25, a keď sú tiež zvlnené, majú vysokú odolnosť proti stlačovaniu.As can be seen from the drawing, the layers formed from the primary fiber web 8 extend substantially perpendicular to the surface of the finished board 25 and, when corrugated, also have a high resistance to compression.
Okrem zlepenia sa plátky 23 môžu vzájomne spojiť pomocou pásikov, strún, netkanej textílie alebo papiera na jednej alebo obidvoch stranách dosiek 25.In addition to sticking, the sheets 23 may be joined together by means of strips, strings, nonwoven or paper on one or both sides of the sheets 25.
Claims (5)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK291590A DK165926B (en) | 1990-12-07 | 1990-12-07 | PROCEDURE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF INSULATION PLATES COMPOSED BY INVOLVED CONNECTED STABLE MINERAL FIBER ELEMENTS |
| PCT/DK1991/000383 WO1992010602A1 (en) | 1990-12-07 | 1991-12-06 | Method of manufacturing insulating boards composed of interconnected rod-shaped mineral fibre elements |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SK56293A3 SK56293A3 (en) | 1994-05-11 |
| SK282244B6 true SK282244B6 (en) | 2001-12-03 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| SK562-93A SK282244B6 (en) | 1990-12-07 | 1991-12-06 | Method of manufacturing insulating boards |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0560878B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE113087T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU9080591A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2095532C (en) |
| CZ (1) | CZ282594B6 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69104730T2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK165926B (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2062884T3 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI112953B (en) |
| PL (1) | PL168628B1 (en) |
| SK (1) | SK282244B6 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1992010602A1 (en) |
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Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2546230A (en) * | 1947-10-10 | 1951-03-27 | Johns Manville | Glass product and method of making the same |
| US3493452A (en) * | 1965-05-17 | 1970-02-03 | Du Pont | Apparatus and continuous process for producing fibrous sheet structures |
| BE795596A (en) * | 1972-02-17 | 1973-06-18 | Rockwool Ab | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR MANUFACTURING A MINERAL WOOL LAMINATE PRODUCT AND FOR MAKING IT COHERENT |
| SE441764B (en) * | 1982-10-11 | 1985-11-04 | Gullfiber Ab | Insulation sheet and method of producing similar |
| CA1209893A (en) * | 1983-10-24 | 1986-08-19 | Neil M. Cameron | Reoriented glass fiber board product and method and apparatus for making same |
| DE3501897A1 (en) * | 1985-01-22 | 1986-07-24 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Process for producing a multi-layer fibre mat |
-
1990
- 1990-12-07 DK DK291590A patent/DK165926B/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1991
- 1991-12-06 PL PL91299427A patent/PL168628B1/en unknown
- 1991-12-06 EP EP92901216A patent/EP0560878B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-12-06 AT AT92901216T patent/ATE113087T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-12-06 WO PCT/DK1991/000383 patent/WO1992010602A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1991-12-06 AU AU90805/91A patent/AU9080591A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1991-12-06 DE DE69104730T patent/DE69104730T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-12-06 SK SK562-93A patent/SK282244B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-12-06 CA CA002095532A patent/CA2095532C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-12-06 ES ES92901216T patent/ES2062884T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1993
- 1993-06-03 CZ CZ931067A patent/CZ282594B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-06-04 FI FI932566A patent/FI112953B/en active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1992010602A1 (en) | 1992-06-25 |
| FI112953B (en) | 2004-02-13 |
| DE69104730T2 (en) | 1995-05-04 |
| EP0560878A1 (en) | 1993-09-22 |
| DK165926B (en) | 1993-02-08 |
| DK291590D0 (en) | 1990-12-07 |
| DE69104730D1 (en) | 1994-11-24 |
| PL168628B1 (en) | 1996-03-29 |
| FI932566A (en) | 1993-06-04 |
| AU9080591A (en) | 1992-07-08 |
| FI932566A0 (en) | 1993-06-04 |
| CZ106793A3 (en) | 1993-11-17 |
| DK291590A (en) | 1992-06-17 |
| ATE113087T1 (en) | 1994-11-15 |
| CA2095532C (en) | 2000-11-07 |
| SK56293A3 (en) | 1994-05-11 |
| CZ282594B6 (en) | 1997-08-13 |
| ES2062884T3 (en) | 1994-12-16 |
| CA2095532A1 (en) | 1992-06-08 |
| EP0560878B1 (en) | 1994-10-19 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MK4A | Patent expired |
Expiry date: 20111206 |