SK277847B6 - Liquid organomineral fertilizer on base of mollasses residues and method of its production - Google Patents

Abstract

Liquid organomineral fertilizer with density 1,2 to 1,45 g/ml on base of mollasses residues created by liquid fixture of backfilled mollasses residues and ammonia salts, which contains in dry matter 39 to 70 weight per cent of mollasses residues and 4 to 12 weight of ammonia salts of phosphoric acid and/or nitrate ammonium or sulfate ammonium and 18 to 57 weight per cent of watter. As ammonium salt is used either independent and/or in mixture monohydrophosphoric ammonium and/or dihydrophosphoric ammonium and/or phosphate ammonium. Methodof preparation of liquid organomineral fertilizer lies in preheating of concentrated mollasses residues with density 1,2 to 1,45 g/ml to 40 degrees to 70 degrees of Celsius tempereture at parallel preparation of concentrate solution of one or mixture of ammonium salts of phosphoric acid or nitrate ammonium and/or sulphate ammonium by heating to the temperature 40 degrees to 80 degree of Celsius and then are added into solution of preheated mollasses residues by permanent mixing or clarification necessary weight of preheated concentrated solution of ammonium salts to total homogenization of mixture in range introduced in main claim.

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to a composition of liquid organomineral fertilizer based on molasses stillage, from which, after addition of the phosphorus and nitrogen components, a combined fertilizer with the desired ratio of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium essential elements is formed. Further, a method for producing this fertilizer is solved.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Concentrated molasses stillage, as distillery industrial waste in the manufacture of molasses spirit, is either incinerated or used for the production of protein concentrates. They are also known to be processed and used in the feed industry to produce granular feeds in the form of pellets.

According to US Pat. No. 4,604,125, thickened molasses stillage is used to produce a mineral solid fertilizer by salting out with phosphoric acid or citric acid with the addition of volatile substrates such as ethanol. Molasses stillage is first heated together with acids for 0.5 to 2 hours, then ethanol is added and the mixture is subjected to vacuum crystallization. The resulting effect is a crystalline fertilizer, which is then subjected to a washing and cleaning process. The disadvantage of this method of processing is that it is predominantly obtained a mineral fertilizer, the production of this fertilizer being energy and technologically demanding and hence economically disadvantageous. In addition, residues of organic character remain as waste during production, which must be disposed of subsequently.

The invention according to DE OD 32 22 330 solves the use of several kinds of molasses stillage - vinass, as substrates serving for decomposition of organic material. With this solution, the ratio of carbon-nitrogen elements in the soil is reduced and nutrients are supplemented on the basis of empirical tests, namely fertilizers based on nitrogen-potassium elements. The disadvantage of this method is the relatively high potassium content and the low phosphorus content of the fertilizer, which can lead to a significant increase in the potassium level in the soil, which is undesirable. On the other hand, the phosphorus content is inadequate in many cases of soil composition and fertilized plants.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention, which is a liquid organomineral fertilizer with a density of 1.2 to 1.45 g / ml based on molasses stillage, is largely eliminated by the fact that it is formed by a liquid mixture of thickened molasses stillage and ammonium salts containing in the dry matter 39 to 70% by weight of molasses stillage and 4 to 12% by weight of ammonium salts of phosphoric acid or ammonium nitrate or ammonium sulfate and 18 to 57% by weight of water.

It is preferred that the ammonium salt be a single ammonium monophosphate and / or an ammonium dihydrophosphate and / or an ammonium phosphate alone or in a mixture.

The present invention further provides a method for producing an organomineral fertilizer, wherein the concentrated molasses stillage at a density of 1.2 to 1.45 g / ml is preheated to a temperature of 40 ° to 70 ° C while preparing a concentrated solution of one or a mixture of ammonium phosphate or nitrate salts. of ammonium and / or ammonium sulfate by heating to a temperature of 40 ° to 80 ° C. Thereafter, the required amount of preheated concentrated ammonium salt solution is added to the solution of the preheated molasses stillage while stirring or blackening until the complete homogenization mixture is within the range specified in the main claim.

The organomineral fertilizer according to the invention contains nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium elements in a balanced ratio which can be varied according to soil analyzes. Fertilizer contains nitrogen in both inorganic and organic form, allowing the plants to be fed throughout their vegetation. Phosphorus is contained in the form of highly water-soluble compounds, which is also available to crop plants. Overall, the fertilizer is very easy to apply by spraying in the form of a mist spray, which ensures uniformity of fertilization throughout the soil. Fertilizer is completely ecologically harmless and besides direct nutrient supply it enriches soil with organic component, supports decomposition processes of organic matter and at the same time improves the mechanical structure of soil, when releasing of gases during decomposition of organic matter leads to soil degradation.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Example 1

For medium nutrient-rich soils and the main winter barley crop, after pre-soil analysis, fertilizer was prepared from 1.5 tonnes of thickened molasses stillage with a density of 1.32 g / ml, corresponding to 70% by weight of dry matter, heated to 60 ° C. At the same time, a mixture of one ton of a concentrated solution of ammonium salts of phosphoric acid, monohydrophosphate and ammonium dihydrate, was heated to 70 ° C. j. amophos, which is 0.1 tons of salt, calculated on the dry matter. Thereafter, the ingredients were homogenized by stirring for 10 minutes to give a dispersion ready for immediate transport and spray application. Said amount of fertilizer was then sprayed over an area of 1 ha of soil using a spray pressure of 0.7 to 1.0 Mp. Empirically, the stability of the dispersion was determined over 2 to 3 days. Subsequent laboratory analysis determined the following content of the basic fertilizer nutrients:

nitrogen 72.1 kg phosphorus 28.8 kg in the form of phosphorus pentoxide 120.6 kg in the form of potassium oxide

Example 2

For soil with good nutrient supply and the main sugar beet crop, a fertilizer was prepared from 2.5 tonnes of thickened molasses stillage of the same density as in Example 1 by mixing with 2 tonnes of concentrated amophos solution. Using the same production and application technology per 1 ha of soil, the following amounts of basic nutrients were supplied to the fertilizer:

nitrogen 124 ^ 2 kg phosphorus 54.5 kg in the form of phosphorus pentoxide 198.3 kg in the form of potassium oxide

Industrial usability

The organomineral fertilizer according to the invention is suitable for areal and local application of thickened molasses stillage, as waste from distillery production, directly to land according to a predetermined need up to 2

Nutrient substitution. Alternatively, it is suitable for use in the decomposition of landfills of organic matter, such as straw stacks, composts, wood and cellulosic waste or even municipal organic waste.

Claims (3)

PATENT CLAIMS Liquid organomineral fertilizer with a density of up to 1,45 g / ml based on molasses stillage, characterized in that it is formed by a liquid mixture of thickened molasses stillage and ammonium salt containing 39 to 70% by weight of molasses stillage and 4 to 12% by weight of ammonium salts of phosphoric acid or ammonium nitrate 15 or ammonium sulfate and 18 to 57% by weight of water. Liquid organomineral fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that either the ammonium salt used alone or in a mixture of ammonium monohydrate and / or ammonium dihydrophosphate 20 and / or ammonium phosphate is used as the ammonium salt. 3. A method for producing a liquid organomineral fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that the concentrated molasses stillage has a density of 1.2 to 1.45 g / ml are preheated to a temperature of 40 ° to 70 ° C while preparing a concentrated solution of one or a mixture of ammonium phosphate or ammonium nitrate and / or ammonium sulfate by heating to 40 ° to 80 ° C, and then adds to the solution of the pre-heated molasses stillage while stirring or blackening the necessary amount of pre-heated concentrated ammonium salt solution until the mixture is completely homogenized.