SK242018U1 - Permanent shell-core for producing internal cavities of vibro-pressed concrete articles - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a permanent shell core for forming internal cavities of vibrating molded elements. The shell core defines a three-dimensional spatial region with two interconnected levels formed on each other, wherein the plane of the base of this spatial region corresponds to the plane of boundary of the concrete element (10) and is open from that direction. The first level (5a) of the spatial region is formed by the base (1) of the low height base and the second level (5b) is formed by the vertical shaft (2) located on the at least one recess (1c) formed in the base plate cover (1b). The cover plate (1b) is parallel to the bottom (1a) of the base area, where the shaft (2) is terminated by an end plate (3) positioned parallel to the base area (1a) of 70-90% of the total height of the concrete element (10) . The base space (1a) has at least one corresponding positioning projection (4) arranged on the bottom plane, leading in at least two directions, and an optional support insert (9) can be placed in the base space (1).

Description

Technical field

The present invention relates to a permanent shell core for forming the internal cavities of vibratively pressed concrete products and to a method of forming the internal cavities of concrete products.

Currently, paving blocks for public areas, private use areas and sidewalks, pedestrian and motorway curbs, stairs and car park curbs are most often produced as prefabricated concrete elements.

These elements are sold in different shapes, colors and different surface textures, allowing for great variability, with finishes that provide rustic or patina effects.

The opportunities offered by this diversity of offerings have positively influenced the quality of space creation.

High architecture seeks to give architectural space to its users in addition to allowing everyday use, aesthetic impressions and additional information.

This allows for example

- special choice of location and type of lamps,

- installation of running lights for information purposes or for directing attention,

- use of light strips to separate areas with different functions,

- climate action through the installation of spraying gates or spray corridors,

- installation of hazard warning light barriers, emergency exit indicator lights, illuminated symbols and advertisements and various other means of forming the space.

To provide these additional functional and aesthetic effects, it is necessary to install various special installation elements. For a uniform aesthetic impression, it is required that these special elements do not appear to be objects that are out of context in a given architectural space.

This can only be achieved if these elements form an organic part of the concrete products which provide the basic functions. These elements must also perfectly match all other elements in terms of size, color and surface finish.

It follows that all these elements should be produced under identical conditions.

Technology based on mass production of concrete products has not yet had to prepare for such requirements. For the purposes and purposes of design modeling, large-scale products were used, where the cavities required to accommodate special elements were made manually only subsequently.

The quality of such products is uneven and this method is not economically competitive.

Therefore, a solution is required that:

- can be integrated into widely used production systems,

- also allows the production of specially designed elements in smaller volumes (compared to mass production),

- it does not alter or limit the main functions of the equipment and machinery used for mass production purposes.

In the field of concrete architecture and the production of concrete elements, permanent formwork is used to provide lightweight structures.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

According to the disclosure of U.S. Patent No. 7,540,121, domed internal cavities are manufactured by casting in situ into a concrete ceiling structure.

To ease the layered construction, the dome-shaped open-bottom shell elements are arranged with regular geometry. In addition to the dome shells, this solution also includes rod-like elements having a snap-fit arrangement at both ends.

These bars are adapted to join two adjacent permanent shells on the plane of the ceiling formed so as to be placed in the corners of an equilateral triangle, the longitudinal axis of the bars corresponding to the sides of the triangle. By repeating this arrangement, a network of isosceles triangles is formed from shells and rods. By connecting a sufficient number of elements it is possible to fill the entire ceiling area with the required size. The shell and rod system is complemented by a reinforced concrete structure required to support the load, and then the ceiling structure is completed by casting the concrete at the desired thickness and compacting the concrete by vibration.

In this solution, dome shells are used to produce lightweight reinforced concrete ceiling slabs.

U.S. Patent 6,637,464 discloses a protective cap arrangement that attaches to a pipe fitting installed in a building structure during construction and then concreted together with the pipe fitting. The protective cap (closing cap) can also be fixed to the pipe temporarily.

A pipe fitting installed between two defining planes of a wall panel or floor cast in place extends across the entire cross-section of the wall.

SK24-2018 U1

The solutions described above illustrate cavities and shells formed in situ using a casting process. These solutions are not suitable for the formation of internal cavities in the concrete paving elements described above.

Therefore, a new, complex task to be solved is to produce such cavities in vibration molded elements manufactured in enclosed mold spaces that are capable of accommodating elements with additional functionality.

This additional functionality may require several differently shaped internal cavities even for a single product. A core adapted to form a cavity cannot be a permanent structural element belonging to the mold, since this would excessively increase the number of different mold variants, which would not be economically feasible. By their nature, the permanent shell cores only relate to the product itself and can be applied without modification to the production machine and molds and therefore meet the above requirements.

Permanent shell cores have not yet been applied to processes involving enclosed mold space and technological steps involving compression.

The essence of the technical solution

The object of the present invention is to provide a permanent shell core that can be used to create cavities in paving stones or the like, thereby creating a new product group.

This technical solution is based on the realization that by using a sophisticated, two-level permanent shell core it is possible to create a multifunctional cavity inside the concrete element - e.g. paving element - which will not have a full cross-section between two opposite surfaces of the product.

This task can be accomplished using a permanent shell core designed as described below.

This proposal is based on two sets of requirements.

The first set includes requirements stipulating that the shape of the shell core should be designed to create an internal cavity that is suitable for performing additional functions.

The second set of requirements relates to what additional elements the shell core intended to form a cavity has to have to be used in a closed mold space, using a technological process that includes a vibration pressing step.

The geometry of the shell core is prepared as follows.

An easy-to-access "trigger space" for each device is required to install additional functionality.

Due to the subsequent installation position of the concrete element, the plane of the base of this spatial area corresponds to the bearing surface of the concrete element and is opened from this direction to allow installation of the required devices.

This spatial region is called the "base space" that creates the first level of the shell core shape.

This space is adapted to accommodate cable connections and pipe connections associated with components providing additional functions and electronic modules and other similar devices of smaller size.

The base space preferably has the shape of a rectangular block, the height of the block being 1 / 3-1 / 4 of the length of one of the sides of the base.

A second level of the shell core body is also required.

This level is formed by a cylindrical or spatial area in the form of a block or areas having / have a smaller cross-section than the bottom of the base space and pointing / pointing away from the base space by the interior of the concrete element towards its flat surface opposite the base space. This spatial area is called a "shaft".

Assembly components that are adapted to transmit / sell physical resources and / or media associated with additional functions are stored in the shafts.

These may be light sources or glass or plastic bodies adapted for transmitting light, as well as spray or jet water nozzles, outlet openings of color smoke / mist generators or other components.

Due to the vibratory pressing technology, the shaft (s) cannot be opened upwards, otherwise the concrete could enter the base space when the mold space is filled. In addition, it must be ensured that the main surface of the concrete element has a uniform surface (i.e. compressed, colored, roughened).

SK24-2018 U1

This can be achieved by ensuring that the second-level components, i. j. the shaft (s) of the permanent shell core will not reach to the upper surface of the concrete element, but will be terminated with the respective end plate in 70% - 90% of the total product height.

During production, the concrete bridging above the end plate is subjected to compacting as well as other components of the product, so that the external appearance of the surface remains uniform.

Due to the characteristics of the product, only small batch production is expected.

Concrete bridging placed above the end plate can be removed together with the end plate at low cost using known methods such as crushed diamond tools, diamond-coated cutting wires or water jet cutting

By removing the concrete bridging and the end plate, a loose connection is created between the lower and upper surfaces of the concrete element for the installation of additional components.

During the manufacturing process, the two-level shell core is inserted into the enclosed mold space.

The simplest and most general shape of the mold space is a box shape with a rectangular base.

The mold space is firstly delimited by the production plate, with several production plates continuously circulating between the stations of the production system.

The production plate remains in the working space of the production machine only during the formation of the shape of the product. Then, the shaped "wet" product is resold by means of a flat plate.

The base of the mold space is delimited by the plane of the production plate. This plane corresponds to the product storage area and also to the bottom of the base space.

The side surfaces of the box-shaped form form their own form. In this simple case, the mold is formed by four plates with a suitably selected thickness, which are arranged perpendicular to the plane of the production plate and are fixedly connected along their adjacent edges.

This creates five demarcating surfaces of the mold space, which space remains open at the top and ready to accommodate the concrete material constituting the concrete element.

The closed mold space is formed by moving the pressing tool, which forms the sixth box shape, from a direction perpendicular to the plane of the production plate to the space defined by the mold surfaces.

The permanent shell core must be inserted into the mold space at the stage when the space is still open upwards and the concrete pouring has not yet begun.

The shell core cannot be placed in any position in the mold space.

The bottom of the space of the base must be located on the plane of the production board and must also be arranged in a specific position with respect to the side walls.

According to this invention, this is ensured by providing the shell core with positioning elements during manufacture. The geometric position of the positioning elements is on the plane of the base of the space of the base and these elements extend from its edges to the sides of the mold space. These elements - which, due to their shape, will hereinafter be referred to as "positioning projections" - are made to have a corresponding length and are arranged around the periphery of the shell core in the desired number and directions.

This ensures that the shell core will have the desired position within the mold space and hence within the concrete element.

For reasons of ease of shaping and low cost, shell cores are usually made of plastic with a low wall thickness. This can be considered advantageous because the ratio of the useful internal volume to the shell core contour is also high.

However, lightweight plastic shells can withstand only limited external loads The shell cover plate (parallel to the plane of the base of the base space) tends to oscillate under vibration and can deform under the application of compression force (transmitted by damped concrete particles) and may be away from the compression force.

The knowledge that led to the solution according to this technical solution was that it is sufficient to increase the load-bearing capacity of the shell core only for the time during which the additional load is applied (i.e. the effects of vibrational pressing).

This can be achieved by inserting into the shell space of the shell core a support insert that completely fills the base space and has a thickness corresponding to the distance between the bottom of the base space and its cover plate.

The liner is placed in the base of the shell core, followed by insertion of the two elements together into the mold space. The mold space is then filled with concrete and a concrete element is formed in a known manner using vibratory pressing.

During vibratory pressing, the liner - resting on the manufacturing plate - provides secure support for the base plate cover plate and the concrete member can be subjected to the desired degree of compaction.

At the end of this process, the finished concrete element - containing the shell core and liner - leaves the manufacturing machine and proceeds to the remaining steps of the process. Once the concrete element is strong enough to be handled, it is removed from the production board and the temporary support insert is removed. This carrier liner can be reused for another shell core.

SK24-2018 U1

Thus, from a practical application point of view, a kit comprising a two-level shell core and a geometrically corresponding carrier insert is used.

The object of the present invention is achieved by providing a permanent shell core for forming the internal cavities of vibratively pressed concrete elements that define a three-dimensional spatial area, where the plane of the base of this spatial area corresponds to the boundary plane of the concrete element is open from this direction; the shell region of the shell core has two interconnected levels formed one above the other, wherein the first plane of the plane region is formed by a low-height base space and the second plane is formed by a vertical shaft arranged in at least one cutout formed in the base plate of the base space; the base space, wherein said shaft is terminated by an end plate positioned parallel to the bottom of the base space at a height of 70-90% of the overall height dimension of the concrete element, the bottom of the base space having at least one n a corresponding positioning projection on the plane of the bottom extending in at least two directions, and wherein an optional support insert can also be placed in the base space.

In a preferred embodiment of the permanent shell core of the present invention, the vertical projection of the base space is a regular planar formation (square, rectangle, polygon, circle, ellipse), and the cutout formed in the base space cover plate is a regular planar formation (square, rectangle, polygon, circle, ellipse) or a graphical image that can be drawn as a continuous closed curve.

In a further preferred embodiment of the permanent shell core according to the invention, the inner surfaces of the shafts are formed by walls perpendicular to the cover plate of the base space.

In a further preferred embodiment of the permanent shell core according to the invention, more than one cutout with identical or different geometric shape is disposed in the cover plate of the base space.

In a preferred embodiment of the permanent shell core according to the present invention, the shafts are arranged inside the concrete element in a grid having perpendicular raster lines, the shafts walls arranged on the cover plate of the base space having a cross-section in the shape of an elongated perpendicular trapezoid or having a rectangle .

In a preferred embodiment of the permanent shell core according to the present invention, the positioning spacer has a rod-like connecting portion and an insertion tongue disposed at the end of the connecting portion, the connecting tongue lying at an angle of 70-85 ° relative to the bottom of the base space. different sides of the base and is made of thermoplastic plastic.

The permanent shell core of the present invention also comprises a carrier liner that can be temporarily inserted into the base space.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The permanent shell core of the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a plan view of a permanent shell core according to the present invention; FIG. 2 is a section through the permanent shell of FIG. 1 taken along the X-X plane, FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the permanent shell core of FIG. 1 taken along the Y-Y plane, FIG. Fig. 4 shows a cut-out located in the cover plate of the permanent shell core base space of the present invention; 5 is a cross-sectional view of the permanent shell core of FIG. 1 taken along the Z-Z plane, FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of detail P of FIG. 3, FIG. 7 shows an alternative embodiment of the detail shown in FIG. 6, FIG. Figure 8 is a plan view of a permanent shell core according to the present invention inserted into the mold space; 9 is a cross-sectional view of the core of FIG. 8 taken along the plane Q-Q, FIG. 10 is a plan view of a hollow concrete member; FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the core of FIG. 10 taken along the R-R plane; FIG. Fig. 12 is a plan view of a permanent shell core according to the present invention comprising a shaft with the symbol "H"; Fig. 13 is a plan view of a permanent shell core according to the present invention with a shaft adapted for a solar cell; Figure 14 is a plan view of a permanent shell core according to the present invention with a shaft having cross-sectional shapes indicative of a digital display; Fig. 15 is a plan view of a permanent shell core according to the present invention comprising a shaft with a "+" symbol; 16 is a plan view of a permanent shell core according to the present invention having the symbol " C "

SK24-2018 U1 fig. Fig. 17 is a plan view of permanent shell cores according to the present invention embedded in a mold assembly with a mold space having the dimensions of a base module L x B; Fig. 18 is a plan view of permanent shell cores according to the present invention embedded in a dual-dimensional mold assembly of a L x 2B base module, with a central arrangement in the base module; Figure 19 is a plan view of the permanent shell cores of the present invention embedded in a dual-dimensional mold assembly of the L x 2B base module, with the base module arranged side-to-side; Fig. 20 is a plan view of permanent shell cores according to the present invention embedded in a four-dimensional mold assembly of a 2L x 2B base module, with a central arrangement in the base module; Fig. 21 shows a cutout contour with a " leaf " symbol positioned in the cover plate of the base of the permanent shell core base according to the present invention; 22 is a plan view of the permanent shell cores of the present invention embedded in a four-dimensional mold assembly of the base module module 2L x 2B, with the side-by-side arrangement in the base module showing a composite symbol viewed from above.

EXAMPLES

Fig. 1 is a plan view of a permanent shell core. Further detailed views of the permanent shell core are shown in FIG. 2, 3 and 5.

In FIG. 1, 2, and 3, a possible arrangement of a two-level permanent shell core 5 is shown. At the first level 5a, the shell core comprises a rectangular housing 1 of a box-shaped base which is open from bottom 1a and bounded by a cover plate 1b opposite . The cover plate 1b has a cutout 1c with a contour with a suitably selected geometry.

At the second level 5b, a spatial region (shaft 2) having a smaller area, but at a higher height compared to the base space 1 (see FIG. 2), is attached to the cutout 1c (see FIG. 2). The inner surface 2a of the shaft 2 is formed by straight lines extending from the contour of the notch 2c located on the cover plate 1b of the base space, which are perpendicular to its bottom 1a. The shaft 2 is terminated by an end plate 3. The end plate 3 is parallel to the bottom 1a of the base space.

In FIG. 2, there is also shown a carrier liner 9 having a solid structure and dimensioned to fit into the base space 1 where it can be inserted in the direction indicated by the arrow.

In FIG. 4 shows a possible arrangement of the cut-out 1c in the cover plate 1b, which in this case is an "arrow" symbol, which can be drawn as a continuous, closed curve. In FIG. 1, 2 it can also be seen how the shell core according to the present invention is located inside a vibratively pressed concrete element defined by the general parameters L x B x H (length x width x height).

Also shown in the same drawing is the mold space 6 and the mold 7 defined by the dimensions of the base module L x B characteristic of the concrete element. The position of the permanent shell core in the mold space 6 is determined using the positioning protrusions 4.

As can be seen in FIG. 2, the end plate 3 of the permanent shell core adapted to close the shaft 2 is arranged in a height range of 0.7-0.9H from the bottom 1a of the base space (H is the height of the concrete element). The arrangement of the positioning lugs 4 is shown in FIG. 5, which is a cross-sectional view of the core of FIG. 1, on the Z-Z plane, according to which the positioning projections 4 have a respective connecting portion 4a extending along the bottom 1a and ending with a tongue 4b, which preferably forms an angle α 70 - 85 ° with the bottom 1a. As described below, positioning the tab 4b at such an angle facilitates insertion of the permanent shell core into the film space 6.

In FIG. 6 and 7 show detail P of FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the wall 2b of the shaft 2, where the thickness of the wall of the shaft - either in steps or continuously increases in the direction from the end plate 3 to the cover plate 1b of the base space according to the load carried.

Fig. 8 shows the permanent shell core 15 described above positioned in the middle of the mold space 6 having the dimensions of the L x B base module. The permanent shell core 15 shown has several (e.g., nine) shafts 2 having a cylindrical cross-section. These shafts 2 are located in rectangular grid nodes with a raster distance t.

Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the core of FIG. 8 taken on the plane Q-Q showing the permanent shell core 15 disposed in the mold space 6 located on the manufacturing plate 8. In this arrangement it can also be seen that the base shell space 1 of the permanent shell core 15 is completely filled with the carrier insert 9 inserted inwards.

The mold space 6 is filled with concrete up to the filling level F, followed by vibrating the concrete in the pressing direction 11 until the end level 6b of the mold space (which corresponds to the height H) is reached

SK24-2018 U1 of the finished product). The end plate 3 of the shafts 2 described above ensures that the vibratory pressed concrete does not enter the interior of the permanent shell core 15. During the pressing process, one or more concrete bridges 12 are formed between the end plate 3 and the end level 6b. Consequently, the concrete bridge 12 and the end plate 3 can be removed at a low additional cost, thus creating a loose connection between the lower and upper surfaces of the concrete element for the installation of other components.

In FIG. 10 is a plan view of a hollow concrete member 10 where a cavity is formed along the section plane R-R using a permanent shell core 15.

Fig. 11 shows the entire cross-section (on the plane R-R) of the hollow concrete element 10 in a state in which the concrete bridges 13 and shaft end plates 3 have already been removed. The support insert 9 placed temporarily in the base space 1 is then removed in the direction of the arrow shown in the drawing. The insert can be reused.

The hollow concrete member 10 shown in FIG. 10-11 has a base module size L x B and a height H determined by the mold space base level 6a and the final level of the finished product.

As can also be seen in FIG. 10, only the concrete bridges 13 are removed from the space above the nine shafts of the permanent shell core, while the other concrete bridges 14 are permanent.

The permanent shell core is preferably arranged such that a number of shafts 2 are attached to the base space 1 which allows the recognition of various graphic symbols (letters, numbers, etc.). By adjusting the number and location of the removable and permanent concrete bridges 13, 14, it is possible to produce concrete elements showing a plurality of different symbols using the same permanent flaked core. This solution can be applied to the production of hollow concrete elements adapted to provide similar functions in higher volumes.

Depending on the number and arrangement of the shaft (s) 2 and the geometry of the cutout Je, which constitutes the base of the shaft (s) 2, it is possible to produce hollow concrete elements adapted to display a diverse range of symbols and perform various functions.

Some of these are illustrated in FIG. 12-16 showing a permanent shell core 16 with the "H" symbol, a permanent shell core 17 adapted for use with a solar cell, a permanent shell core 18 with shafts having a base shaped as digital display segments, a permanent shell core 19 with a "+" symbol a red cross indicating a first aid site), a permanent shell core 20 with a C ° symbol.

In FIG. 1 and FIG. 8-9, the shell cores are inserted into the space 6 of the schematically illustrated mold 7 (with the dimensions of the base module L x B). For productivity reasons, mold assemblies are used in practice to produce multiple products in a single production run.

A detail of a mold with such an arrangement is seen in FIG. 17 in plan view. The mold assembly 21 is formed by multiplying the mold space 6 having the dimensions of the base module L x B.

In addition to the obvious higher productivity provided by the mold assemblies, FIG. 17 also illustrates the flexibility of using permanent shell cores. By using mold spaces 6 with identical dimensions of the base module with shell cores 15, 16, 17, it is possible to produce three different products simultaneously.

Concrete elements manufactured using mold assemblies are often produced in dimensional series.

The base of the series is a base module with dimensions L x B (length x width) with elements having double or quadruple dimensions (L x 2B or 2L x 2B), allowing various possible applications.

As shown in FIG. 18, 19, 20, 22, by inserting permanent shell cores into mold spaces formed by doubling or quadrupling the L x B base modules, other product variants can be created.

In FIG. 18 shows a detail of the mold assembly 23 with the mold spaces 22 having the double dimensions of the L x 2B base module in plan view. Permanent shell cores designated 5 and 17 were placed in these mold spaces 22 so that the center points of the cores correspond to the center points of the L x B base modules.

By adjusting the length of the connecting portions 4a of the positioning protrusions (spacers) 4 of the permanent shell cores 5, 15, 16-20 on one side and / or the positioning protrusions (spacers) 4 on either side are removed, the position of the permanent sputter cores is possible. inside the mold space easily adjusted.

Fig. 19 also shows a mold assembly 23 comprising mold spaces 22 with twice the dimensions of the base module. The positioning protrusions (spacers) 4 have been removed on one side of each permanent shell core 17, 18 inserted into the mold space 22, while on the respective opposite sides the connecting parts 4a have been elongated. This arrangement allows two permanent shell cores having the dimensions of the base module to be in direct contact on one side so that they can display a composite symbol, e.g. number and unit of measurement (C °) in the same concrete element.

SK24-2018 U1

In FIG. 20 shows a detail of the phonom assembly 25 with mold spaces 24 having four times the dimensions of the base module 2L x 2B in plan view. Permanent shell cores 15, 16 and 19 having dimensions of the base module were placed in the mold spaces 24 without treatment. Using this arrangement, shell cores having the dimensions of the L x B base module, which was manufactured at a lower cost in greater than 5 volume, were incorporated into a larger concrete product.

Fig. 21 shows a permanent shell core 26 having the dimensions of a (one) base module with positioning protrusions 4 removed on two adjacent sides and with connecting portions 4a extended on respective opposite sides.

In FIG. 22, it can be seen how the permanent shell core 26 can be used to form a composite 10 symbol with a larger area in a mold assembly 25 having mold spaces 24 with quadruple dimensions (2L x 2B) of the base module. In this case, the two sides of each permanent shell core 26 are advanced to adjacent shell cores. There is also the possibility of placing differently arranged shell cores (such as those indicated by 26 and 15) in adjacent mold spaces 24.

Using the permanent shell cores described with reference to FIG. 17, 18, 19, 20 and 22 it is possible to use the widely known vibratory pressing technology (in addition to the production of solid concrete elements) to produce hollow concrete elements modified to perform special add-on functions without having to modify the assemblies 21-23-25 for mass production or production machines using molds.

SK24-2018 U1

List of base space reference numbers

1a bottom of the base area

1b base plate cover plate

1c cut-out shaft

2a the inner surface of the shaft

2b shaft wall end plate positioning projection

4a connecting part

4b tongue permanent shell core

5a first level of the spatial region (permanent shell core)

5b a second level of the permanent shell core mold space with a module size L x B

6a level of the mold space base

6b end level of mold space mold production plate carrier liner hollow concrete element pressing direction concrete bridging removed concrete bridging permanent concrete bridging permanent shell core with cylindrical shafts permanent shell core permanent shell core permanent shell core permanent shell core permanent shell 2B mold set 2L x 2B mold set permanent shell core with double-sided positioning lugs

Claims (10)

PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS Permanent shell core (5) for forming internal cavities of vibratively molded concrete elements (10) molded in a mold space, the shell core defining a three-dimensional spatial region, wherein the plane of the base of this spatial region corresponds to the plane of boundary of the concrete member and is open from this direction; characterized in that the three-dimensional spatial region of the preferably plastic permanent shell core (5) permanently placed in the concrete element (10) is formed by two interconnected levels superimposed on each other, where the first level (5a) of the spatial region ) a base having a height of 1/3 - 3/4 of the height of the lateral edge perpendicular to the plane of the base of the three-dimensional spatial region and comprising a base space floor (1a) and a cover plate arranged parallel to the base space floor (1a); and its second level (5b) is formed by a vertical shaft (2) disposed on at least one cut-out formed in the base plate (1b) of the base space, said shaft (2) terminating in an end plate (3) disposed parallel to the bottom (1a) of space a base of 70-90% of the overall height dimension of the concrete member (10); wherein the bottom (1a) of the base space has at least one corresponding positioning projection (4) arranged at the bottom plane, extending in at least two mutually perpendicular directions, each positioning projection having a rod-like connecting portion (4a) and an insertion tongue (4b) arranged at the end parts (4a); and wherein it is also possible temporarily to place the support insert (9) in the base space (1). Permanent shell core according to claim 1, characterized in that the vertical projection of the base space (1) is a regular planar shape, preferably a rectangle. Permanent shell core according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the cover plate (1b) of the base space (1), a cut-out (1c) is formed, preferably in the form of a regular planar shape or a graphical pattern with a continuous closed curve. Permanent shell core according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the inner surface (2a) of the shafts (2) is formed by walls perpendicular to the base plate (1b). Permanent shell core according to claim 1, characterized in that one or more cut-outs (1c) of identical or different geometric shape are disposed in the cover plate (1b) of the base space (1). Permanent shell core according to claim 1, characterized in that the shafts (2) are arranged inside the concrete element (10) in a T-shaped grid having perpendicular grid lines. Permanent shell core according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the walls (2b) of the shafts (2) located on the cover plate (1b) of the base space (1) have a cross-section in the form of an elongated perpendicular trapezoid. Permanent shell core according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the walls (2b) of the shafts (2) located on the cover plate (1b) of the base space (1) have a cross-section consisting of rectangles having progressively decreasing width. Permanent shell core according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the insertion tongue (4b) of the positioning sleeve (4) forms an angle of 70 - 85 ° with the bottom (1a) of the base space. Permanent shell core according to claim 9, characterized in that the connecting portion (4a) of the positioning projection (4) has a different length on different sides of the base space (1).