SK172018A3 - A box of a portable heating/smoking hearth, a filling of the box of the portable heating/smoking hearth, and a portable heating/smoking hearth - Google Patents

Abstract

The thermal / smokeable portable focus (8) consists of a box (6) of the thermal / smokeable portable focus, which is filled with a thermal / smokeable focus (7). The insulating / smokeable portable hotplate box consists of a vertically oriented jacket (1) with a bottom (2) of cardboard or pressed thick paper or wood veneer, the jacket (1) and / or bottom (2) having vents (4), the jacket (1) it is open at the top or covered by a cover (10) of cardboard or pressed thick paper or wood veneer with possible starch content. The bottom (2) is vertically adjoined by a stack (3) of cardboard or pressed thick paper or wood veneer with a set of vents (4). The insulating / smokeable focus cartridge (7) consists of pellets and / or briquettes.

Description

The invention relates to a box of a thermal / smokeable portable focus and a thermal / smokeable portable focus. The complex concept is to replace paraffin candles placed in orchards in order to prevent damage caused by spring frosts. The invention belongs to the field of agriculture, in particular fruit growing and viticulture.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

It is well known that early and spring frosts cause great damage to farmers, especially fruit growers and vineyards. Several methods are known in the art for protecting fruit trees against early spring and spring frosts. It is appropriate that measures against possible early or spring frosts are implemented from early April to early May. Flowering fruit trees and shrubs can be directly protected by smoky, dewed, heated, covered and shaded. Raining is an effective measure at temperatures below 0 ° C. Spraying clean water into the crowns of flowering trees is one of the most reliable protection with the possible addition of food-cosmetic glycerin. Cooking should only be stopped when the temperature rises above freezing and the envelope ice has already melted. The disadvantage is breaking ice-covered branches. For small trees and shrubs, canvas protection, straw mats, and nonwoven dark fabric provide effective protection. Fuming an endangered garden is only done when there is no wind. Moist organic substances (wood, rye, old hay, etc.) are burnt, which burns more than burns, which is more efficient. Smoke itself is not effective at low temperatures. The vineyards are burnt with clipped wicker. The disadvantage of burning wood, rye, old hay and wicker is the laborious preparation and relatively fast burning of the fireplace. The burning of hundreds to thousands of paraffin candles has been used in recent years. The disadvantage of these portable fireplaces is their low efficiency, since the heat flux from the candles is guided mainly in the vertical direction. This can be removed by a larger candle distribution density. Another disadvantage arises from packaging - bandasiek, which do not burn and remain in orchards. Human labor and logistics are needed to dispose of hundreds to thousands of tin candles. Another important factor is the high price of paraffin candles of about EUR 8 to EUR 14. In addition, paraffin is a heavy fraction of oil - an oil residue that contaminates the environment. The use of gas burners in metal pyramids is widespread in the United States, which burns with burning gas and radiates heat to the sides. The disadvantage is the necessary gas distribution, corroding the surface of metal covers, handling and subsequent storage.

Sophisticated portable fireplaces are also known in the tourist sector. One of them is a portable fireplace designed for example. warming tourists, drying clothes or roasting. It consists of only one piece of wood 25 cm wide, 30 cm high and 25 cm deep with a vertical and horizontal central opening. It is basically a block of wood that makes it possible to start a fire whenever and wherever it is needed. There is no need to hunt for wood from the surroundings, simply igniting the wood block in the central tube of the wood block. The price of one piece is about 23, euros. The wooden block has a rope handle on one side to facilitate carrying.

For the purpose of grilling, briquette fillings for the grill in paper packaging are known, making the preparation of the grilling focus quick, simple and clean. All you have to do is put the briquette carton in the fireplace and light it. After about 20 minutes, the wooden briquettes are hot and ready for grilling. Other uses of this cartridge are not known.

No other formulations are known from the prior art, which make it possible to effectively prevent the effects of early and spring frosts in agriculture, particularly in fruit and wine-growing. The aforementioned drawbacks of the prior art have provided the possibility to solve this problem by suitable technical means.

As a result of the present invention, the box of a thermal / smokeable portable focus and the thermal / smokeable portable focus of the present invention are described below.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The above-mentioned drawbacks are substantially eliminated by the box of the thermal / smokeable portable focus and the thermal / smokeable portable focus of the present invention. The originality of the solution lies in the fact that it is possible to produce / sell a separate box of thermal / smokeable portable focus, where the consumer would sew himself with a thermal / smokeable focus, which he would buy in larger volume separately. There is also another possibility where the consumer would buy a ready-made thermal / smokeable portable fireplace, i. j. a box of thermal / smokeable portable outbreak filled with thermal / smokeable focus. Then the box of the thermal / smokeable portable focus consists of a vertically oriented sheath with a bottom of cardboard or pressed thick paper or wood veneer, the sheath and / or the bottom having 2

S K17-2018 Α3 Vents. The sheath is open at the top or is covered by a cover made of cardboard or pressed thick paper or wood veneer, preferably containing e.g. corn starch. The solution can be extended so that the bottom is vertically connected with a stack of cardboard or pressed thick paper or wood veneer with a set of vents. Alternatively, a chimney of cardboard or pressed thick paper or wood veneer with a plurality of vents is horizontally positioned across the sheath. The shape of the sheath and the bottom may be designed such that the sheath and bottom are folded into a n-edge formation. Alternatively, the sheath is twisted into a circular or oval shape and the bottom has the shape of a circle or oval. It is preferred that the bottom is mounted above the lower edge of the housing, the lower edge of the housing having and / or the bottom having legs. It is also advantageous if the lower edge of the shell and / or the bottom and / or the feet are impregnated with a water-resistant substance. Cardboard material, also called cardboard, is also variable. It may be a three-layer, five-layer or plain paperboard, and the orientation of the air channels between the paperboard layers is also important. In order to control the combustion, it is advantageous if the jacket still has pre-printed additional vents which, if necessary, are simply pushed with the finger. For the very purpose of the thermal insulation / smokering, the thermal / smoke focal filling itself, which consists of pellet and / or If pellets are used, the filler may be of only one type of pellet, but it is preferred that the pellet filler has a lower flammable layer of pellets at the bottom and a higher flammable pellet layer at the top. The shape of the pellets is also important. It is preferred that the pellets have a ratio of diameter to length of 1: 4 to 10 of a non-distinct dust fraction.

Ultimately, the invention is based on a thermal / smokeable portable focus, which consists of a box of thermal / smokeable portable focus as described above, which is filled with a thermal / smokeable focus as described above.

The advantages of the box of the thermal / smokeable portable focus and the thermal / smokeable portable focus as a whole according to the invention are evident from the effects that externally exert. In general, the infrared radiation of a burning thermal / smokeable portable focus significantly heats all surfaces it hits, even over relatively long distances. That is, although the air temperature is relatively low, the temperature of the branches and the ground around the focus will be significantly higher than the air temperature up to a distance of 20 m. Thermocamera measurements at a 10 kg wood pellet charge have shown the following:

The temperature of the objects is 4.5 hours. increases for the first 4 hours significantly - at a distance of about 2.5 to 3 mod fireplaces by 7 to 9 ° C. Within a distance of 20 m from the outbreaks the temperature increases by 2 to 3 ° C. After 4 hours, the remains remain, which still significantly heat the heat for about 1 hour, but their performance gradually fades. The temperature of the objects peaks from 2.5 to 3 hours after ignition. An adequate amount of smoke is in favor of maintaining a higher ambient temperature that is smoked. Temperature radiation is absorbed in the smoke or is reflected back to the earth's surface. The pellet mass is increased from 10 kg to 15 kg to increase performance and increase the burning time. It is expected to increase the effective burning time to 6 hours, and for a further 2 hours the stove will radiate heat to the surroundings. Also, the effective distance of the radiation range will be increased from 5 m to 7 m and it can be assumed that the temperature of the objects will increase even further up to 2 ° C. Fireplaces should be at least 2 m from objects (trees) and must not be directly under the trees.

Handling of the thermal / smokeable portable focus is clean and has a relatively long burning time of about 3 to 4 hours (10 kg load) without the need for intervention and handling. After burning, there is no need to remove the combustion residues, as is the case with paraffin candles, where the metal containers must be collected and removed. When the thermal / smokeable portable focal point burns out, only a small amount of potassium-rich ash remains, a quality fertilizer.

Its main advantage is the fact that the radiant principle of heat transfer into the surrounding area is used with a high amount of side radiation upwards, because during burning, the thermal insulating portable focus is shaped into a pyramid, resp. pyramid. With such a geometric shape, we will most effectively use the energy from the focus to warm the trees - the strongest beam of thermal radiation is perpendicular to the wall of this formation. For clarity, the burning of paraffin candles emits less radiant heat, and yet most of that radiant heat is directed upward from the metal container through the opening. Only a negligible amount of thermal radiation is emitted through the walls of the can, so the candles are not as efficient and the energy generated by the paraffin burning is not sufficiently utilized. In a critical 6 hours, a candle produces about 90 MJ of energy, whereas a 15 kg portable focus produces about 260 MJ at a given time, which is almost 3 times more. For this reason, the number of thermally insulated portable fireplaces can be reduced compared to the use of conventional paraffin candles. Thermally insulated with portable thermosetting has a high energy efficiency, since the greatest effect is achieved after 2 to 5 hours the air temperatures are the lowest (in the morning between 3 and 5 hours). To heat it up, use a lid, which is torn, placed on pellets / briquettes and ignited.

The thermal / smokeable portable focus can also be used in the smoke mode when the combustion process is slowed by preventing the air supply (the lid of the box does not tear, but is placed under the box - box with and inserted into the lid).

S K17-2018 Α3

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The construction of the box of the thermal / smokeable portable focus and the thermal / smokeable portable focus according to the invention will be more clearly illustrated in the drawings, where in FIG. 1 is an axonometric view of one embodiment of a box of a thermal / smokeable portable focus without a chimney with a lid; FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of a box of a thermal / smokeable portable firebox with a chimney for clarity; FIG. 3 shows an uncovered thermal / smokeable portable fireplace.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

It is to be understood that the individual embodiments of the invention are presented for illustration and not as a limitation of the technical solutions. Those skilled in the art will find or be able to ascertain using no more than routine experimentation many equivalents to specific embodiments of the invention. Such equivalents will also fall within the scope of the following claims. It can not be a problem for the skilled artisan to optimally design the structure and select its materials, so these features have not been addressed in detail.

Example 1

In this example of a particular embodiment of the present invention, a first construction of a heat / smoke portable focus box, as shown in FIG. 1 in an unfolded state. It consists of a vertically oriented cardboard jacket 1 with a cardboard bottom 2, wherein the jacket 1 and the bottom 2 have vents 4. The jacket 1 is covered at the top with a cardboard top 10 which can be impregnated with corn or other starch. The bottom 2 is such that the shell 1 and the bottom 2 are folded into four-angular formations. The bottom 2 is mounted above the lower edge of the jacket 1, the lower edge of the jacket 1 and the bottom 2 having a cutout or legs 5 (due to the vents). It is preferred that the lower edge of the housing 1, the bottom 2 and the legs 5 are impregnated to increase the water resistance. The cardboard material, also called cardboard, is a five-ply material, with the orientation of the air channels between the paperboard layers being vertical.

Alternatives to the materials used to manufacture the box of the thermal / smokeable portable focus are pressed thick paper or wood veneer. Another material alternative is a three-layer or plain cardboard.

Example 2

In this example of a particular embodiment of the present invention, a second construction of a heat / smoke portable focus box is shown, as shown in FIG. 2 in an unfolded state. It is already substantially described in the previous example. Further constructional features are that the bottom 2 is vertically connected by a chimney 3 made of five-layer cardboard with a set of vents 4. Alternatively, the chimney 3 is made of three-layer or plain cardboard or pressed thick paper or wood veneer, horizontal horizontally across the housing 1.

Alternatively, the skirt 1 is twisted into a circular or oval shape and the bottom 2 has the shape of a circle or oval.

In order to control the combustion, it is advantageous if the jacket 1 still has pre-printed additional vents 9, which are simply pushed with a finger if necessary

Example 3

In this example of a particular embodiment of the present invention, a thermal / smokeable portable focus 8, as shown in FIG. 3 in the uncovered state without the cover 10. Its components are already sufficiently described in the previous examples. Thus, it consists of the above-described box 6 of the thermal / smokeable portable focus, which is filled with the thermal / smokeable focus cartridge 7 described above.

For the very purpose of the thermal insulation / smokering, the thermal insulation / smokefire focus 7 itself, which consists of pellets and / or briquettes, is also specific. If pellets are used, the filler may be of only one type of pellet, but it is preferred that the focus pellet charge 7 has a lower combustible pellet layer at the bottom and a higher combustible pellet layer at the top. The shape of the pellets with a ratio of diameter to length of 1: 4 to 10 is also important.

Example 4

In this example of a particular embodiment of the present invention, there is described a thermal / smokeable portable focus test with test results. Testing was carried out in a fruit set. Thermometers inside the measured area measured the air temperature. As it was relatively windy, this temperature was not high

With K17-2018 Α3 means a notice value. Rather, the radiative heat from the outbreak had a predictive value. This infrared radiation greatly warmed all surfaces it hit, even over relatively long distances. That is, although the air temperature was relatively low, the temperature of the branches and the ground around the focus was considerably higher than the air temperature up to a distance of 20 m. From the test we illustrate the measurement at the reference thermometer, 1 hour. after ignition of the crab of the thermal / smokeable portable outbreak, which were 5 lines away - about 25 m to the right (east). The northwest wind was 8 to 12 nTs. Measurement was 1 hour. 45 min. after sunset. At the time of measurement the air temperature refer. the thermometer was -9.5 ° C and the ground temperature was -8 ° C. The temperature of the thin branches in the treetops moved around -7.5 ° C. The temperature of the trunks was about -2 to -4 ° C (during the day the trees were warmed by the sun, thin branches in the crown have low heat capacity, therefore they cool faster than thick mass branches and strains that have higher heat capacity. - thin branches in crowns heat up more quickly and coarse trunks heat up more slowly).

We also document thermal insulation parameters from the test. The measured values are 2.5 h. from ignition, in the middle of the measured area. Air temperature refer. thermometer: -11 ° C and air temperature in the measured area T2, T3: -9 ° C. The temperature of the earth was -6.2 ° C, the temperature of the trunks was +2 to -0.5 ° C and the temperature of the branches was -1 to -4 ° C.

Generally, the temperature of the objects in the measured time 4.5 hours. increased significantly in the first 4 hours - at a distance of about 2.5 m to 3.5 m from the outbreaks by 7 to 9 ° C. Within a distance of 20 m from the outbreaks the temperature increased by 2 to 3 ° C. After 4 hours, the hills remained, which still radiated heat for about 1 hour, but their performance gradually diminished. The temperature of the objects peaked from 2.5 to 3 hours. from the ignition of the cassette of the thermal / smokeable portable outbreak, which at that time reached the highest output (10 kg load). Four different samples of the cassette of the thermal / smokeable portable focal point were used in which the combustion process proceeded in different ways and produced different amounts of smoke. An adequate amount of smoke is in favor of maintaining a higher ambient temperature that is smoked. The heat emission is absorbed by the smoke or is reflected back. A suitable design of the box of a thermal / smokeable portable focal point is considered to be the one when a pyramid is formed during burning, which radiates heat to the sides upwards. To increase the output and increase the burning time, we increase the pellet mass from 10 kg to 15 kg. We expect to increase the effective burning time to 6 hours, and for a further 2 to 3 hours the fire will radiate heat to the surroundings. Also, the temperature of the objects will be further increased by approx. 2 ° C and the effective radiation range distance from 5 m to 7 m will increase, since in this experiment the boxes of the thermal / smokeable portable focus were placed 8 m apart and 7 m diagonally. m), boxes of thermal / smokeable portable fireplaces with a larger load should be placed at a distance of 10 m from each other (assuming a night temperature of -5 ° C) and at a distance of 12 m from each other (assuming a night temperature of -3 ° C) - arctic currents. Assuming only a ground frost up to -3 ° C, a distance of 14 m from each other is sufficient. As the frost is only close to the ground and at 20 to 30 m above sea level, the high-power hotspots will create ascending currents on a large area and cause vertical air circulation. At the edge of the heated surfaces, however, it is necessary to increase the density of the furnace at the expense of the center, as cold ground air is scooped off the sides.

Since measurements were made under extreme conditions - long-term low air temperatures, frozen soil, wind, measurements will be repeated in early spring conditions to refine the cassette layout of the thermal / smokeable portable focus.

Industrial Usability

The industrial applicability of the thermal / smokeable portable outbreak according to the invention is primarily in the field of agriculture, especially fruit growing, viticulture and strawberry plants

Claims (12)

Box of insulating / smokeable portable focus, characterized in that it consists of a vertically oriented jacket (1) with a bottom (2) of cardboard or pressed thick paper or wood veneer, the jacket (1) and / or bottom (2) having vents (4), the casing (1) being open at the top or covered by a cover (10) of cardboard or pressed thick paper or wood veneer with a possible starch content. The thermal / smokeable portable focus box according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom (2) is vertically connected by a stack (3) of cardboard or pressed thick paper or wood veneer with a set of vents (4). The thermal / smokeable portable focus box according to claim 1, characterized in that a chimney (3) of cardboard or pressed thick paper or wood veneer with a set of vents (4) is horizontally positioned across the jacket (1). The insulating / smokeable portable focus box according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that both the shell (1) and the bottom (2) are folded into a n-edge formation. Insulation / smokeable portable focal point box according to at least one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the shell (1) is twisted into a circular or oval formation and the bottom (2) has the shape of a circle or oval. Insulating / smokeable portable focal point box according to at least one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the bottom (2) is mounted above the lower edge of the shell (1), the lower edge of the shell (1) and / or the bottom (2). it has die cutters or legs (5). An insulating / smokeable portable hotplate box according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the lower edge of the shell (1) and / or the bottom (2) and / or the legs (5) are impregnated to increase water resistance. . Insulation / smokeable portable focal point box according to at least one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the cardboard sheath (1), the cardboard bottom (2) and the cardboard stack (3) has three to five layers or is plain cardboard. An insulating / smokeable portable focal point box according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the housing (1) still has pre-printed additional vents (9). Insulating / smokeable portable firebox, characterized in that it consists of a box (6) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, which is filled with an insulating / smokeable focus (7) consisting of pellets and / or briquettes. The thermal / smokeable portable focus according to claim 10, characterized in that the thermal / smokeable focus (7) has an upper layer of pellets with increased flammability. The thermal / smokeable portable focus according to claim 10, characterized in that and at the top of the thermal / smokeable focus (7) is a firelighter. 3 x drawings