SI9300515A

SI9300515A - Squeezing arrangement for plate production

Info

Publication number: SI9300515A
Application number: SI9300515A
Authority: SI
Inventors: Marijan Bradic
Original assignee: Marijan Bradic
Priority date: 1993-09-30
Filing date: 1993-09-30
Publication date: 1995-04-30
Also published as: SI9300515B

Abstract

Pri iztiskovalni pripravi za izdelavo plošč iz polietilena visoke gostote s podajalno napravo in napravo (1 do 7) za ustvarjanje tlaka ter iztiskovalnim kanalom (12.2, 17.2), ki določa obliko prečnega prereza iztisnjene plošče, je omenjeni kanal (12.2, 17,2) predviden v iztiskovalni glavi (12, 17), katere temperaturo se da krmiliti. Iztiskovalna glava (12, 17) je preko veznega telesa (8) povezana s podajalno napravo in napravo (1 do 7) za ustvarjanje tlaka, ki vsebuje vsaj en bat (7) kot podajalni element in element za ustvarjanje tlaka. Na vsako razpoložljivo izstopno odprtino podajalne naprave in naprave (1 do 7) za ustvarjanje tlaka je priključen vezno telo (8) predirajoč kanalski sistem (8.1,8.2,8.3) ki obsega več razdelilnih kanalov (8.1, 8.2, 8.3), katerih izstopne odprtine ležijo druga poleg druge v smeri obeh vzdolžnih stranic pravokotne vstopne odprtine iztiskovalnega kanala (8.1, 8.2, 8.3).In extruder preparation for the manufacture of panels of high density polyethylene with feeder and pressure generating device (1 to 7) and extruder channels (12.2, 17.2) which determines the shape of the transverse cross-section of the extruded plate, said channel (12.2, 17,2) provided in the extrusion head (12, 17) of which the temperature can be controlled. Extruder head (12, 17) is connected to the feeder via the connecting body (8) device and apparatus (1 to 7) for generating pressure which contains at least one piston (7) as the feed member and pressure generating element. To every available one feeder outlet and outlet port (1 to 7) a connecting body is connected to create pressure (8) a permeable channel system (8.1,8.2,8.3) comprising more distribution channels (8.1, 8.2, 8.3), the outlet of which the openings lie side by side in the direction of both of the longitudinal sides of the rectangular inlet of the extrusion channels (8.1, 8.2, 8.3).

Description

Marijan BRADICMarijan BRADIC

Iztiskovalna priprava za izdelavo ploščPlate extrusion apparatus

Izum se nanaša na iztiskovalno pripravo za izdelavo plošč iz polietilena večje gostote s podajalno napravo in napravo za ustvarjanje tlaka ter iztiskovalnim kanalom, ki določa obliko prečnega preseka iztisnjene plošče.The invention relates to an extruder for the manufacture of high density polyethylene sheets with a feeder and pressure generating device and an extrusion duct that defines the cross-sectional shape of the extruded plate.

Plošče, ki se jih da izdelati z znanimi tovrstnimi pripravami, so za veliko primerov uporabe pretanke in ne dovolj kvalitetne. Razen tega je potrebno po iztiskovanju izvajati še nadaljnje postopkovne korake, ki ne dovoljujejo nikakršnega povečanja ploščne debeline.Plates that can be made with known preparations of this kind are too thin and of insufficient quality for many applications. In addition, further extrusion steps must be performed after extrusion, which does not allow any increase in plate thickness.

Naloga izuma je torej ustvariti pripravo uvodoma omenjene vrste, s katero se bo premagalo pomanjkljivosti znane iztiskovalne priprave za plošče. To nalogo se reši z iztiskovalno pripravo z značilnostmi 1. patentnega zahtevka.The object of the invention is therefore to create a preparation of the aforementioned type, which will overcome the disadvantages of the known extrusion device for the plates. This task is accomplished by extruding apparatus with the features of claim 1.

S pomočjo priprave po izumu se da doseči plastificiranje, izločanje kristalov, sintranje, zamreženje, spremembo viskoznosti in molekularne strukture polietilena, s čimer se da tudi pri ploščah sorazmerno velike debeline doseči zelo visoko kvaliteto.Plasticization, crystallization, sintering, crosslinking, viscosity alteration and molecular structure of polyethylene can be achieved by means of the preparation according to the invention, thus achieving a very high quality even in plates of relatively large thickness.

Pri prednostnem izvedbenem primeru obsega iztiskovalni kanal vodoravno smer poteka. Če pa je razen tega vezno telo zasnovano kot preusmerjevalna glava, tedaj se lahko bat podajalne naprave in naprave za ustvarjanje tlaka giblje v navpični smeri, kar je prednostno za dovod granuliranega materiala iz umetne snovi. Podajalna naprava in naprava za ustvarjanje tlaka sta pri tem na preusmerjevalno glavo lahko dodani od zgoraj, iztiskovalna glava pa s strani.In a preferred embodiment, the extrusion channel comprises a horizontal direction. However, if the connecting body is designed as a diverting head, then the piston of the feeder and pressure generating device can move in a vertical direction, which is preferable for the supply of granular plastic material. The feeder and pressure generating device may be added to the diversion head from above and the extrusion head from the side.

Pred vstopno odprtino iztiskovalnega kanala je na prednosten način razporejena razdelilna plošča, ki obsega v smeri vzdolžnih stranic vstopne odprtine iztiskovalnega kanala potekajoč niz prehodnih odprtin. Takšna razdelilna plošča pripomore pri doseganju visoke kvalitete.Preferably, a distribution plate is arranged in front of the inlet port of the extrusion duct, comprising a series of transitional openings in the direction along the longitudinal sides of the inlet port of the extrusion duct. Such a distribution board helps to achieve high quality.

V interesu kar se da enakomerne porazdelitve materiala iz umetne snovi po celotni vstopni odprtini iztiskovalnega kanala je nadalje pri prednostnem izvedbenem primeru proti vstopni odprtini iztiskovalnega kanala obrnjen zaključni odsek vsakega razdelilnega kanala razširjen v smeri vzdolžnih stranic vstopne odprtine, pri čemer tvori zarezasto izstopno odprtino. Te zarezaste izstopne odprtine se prednostno priključujejo druga na drugo in imajo kvečjemu majhen odmik od razdelilne plošče.In the interest of distributing the plastic material as evenly as possible over the entire inlet of the extrusion duct, in the preferred embodiment, the outlet opening of the extrusion duct is further turned in the direction of the longitudinal sides of the inlet opening toward the inlet opening, forming a notched exit opening. These notched outlet openings are preferably connected to one another and have at most a small distance from the distribution board.

Pri prednostnem izvedbenem primeru je iztiskovalni kanal oslojen s temperaturno obstojnim in kemično nevtralnim materialom. Iztiskovalna glava je nadalje prednostno predeljena v srednji ravnini svojega premočrtnega iztiskovalnega kanala, kar zmanjša izdelovalne stroške obeh delov.In a preferred embodiment, the extrusion channel is dewatered by a temperature-resistant and chemically neutral material. The extrusion head is further preferentially machined in the median plane of its rectilinear extrusion duct, reducing the manufacturing cost of both parts.

Pri prednostnem izvedbenem primeru sta oba kot plošča zasnovana dela iztiskovalne glave na svoji zunanji strani, vzporedni z delilno ravnino, opremljeni z utori, potekajočimi od prve k drugi stranski ploskvi, ki so preko veznih utorov v stranskih ploskvah povezani z vsaj enim neprekinjemim utorom, ki oklepa iztiskovalno glavo. Utori so tesno zaprti s tulko, ki nalega na utore obsegajoče zunanje ploskve in kije v prečnem prerezu zasnovana pravokotno, pri čemer je tvorjen vsaj en kanal. Ker utori prednostno ležijo tesno drug poleg drugega, je na razpolago kanalski sistem, preko katerega se iztiskovalni glavi s pomočjo tekočine, pretakajoči se po kanalu ali kanalih, dovaja velike količine energije ali se jo od nje lahko odvaja. Temperaturo, kateri je izpostavljen v iztiskovalnemu kanalu nahajajoči se material, se da tako krmiliti v širokem območju.In a preferred embodiment, the two portions of the extruder head, on their outer side, are parallel to the dividing plane, provided with grooves extending from the first to the second lateral surface and connected to at least one continuous groove through the connecting grooves in the lateral surfaces. it wraps its extrusion head. The grooves are tightly closed with a sleeve that rests on the grooves of the outer surface and which is cross-sectioned orthogonal to form at least one groove. Because the grooves are preferably closely adjacent to one another, a ducting system is provided through which the extrusion head delivers large quantities of energy or can be discharged from it through a fluid flowing through the duct or channels. The temperature to which the extruded material is exposed in the discharge channel can thus be controlled over a wide range.

Iztiskovalna priprava po izumu je izredno primerna za izdelavo plošč, ki so v iztiskovalni smeri prepredene s kanali. Takšne plošče so, npr. najbolj primerne za talno ogrevanje. V ta namen je potrebno le v iztiskovalni kanal v smeri obeh vzdolžnih mejnih črt profila prečnega preseka na medsebojnem odmiku razporediti trne, ki se raztezajo v smeri kanalov. Ti trni so prednostno na enem od svojih koncev opremljeni z navojem, ki je uvijačen v navojno izvrtino razdelilne plošče med dvema sosednjima prehodnima odprtinama. Tudi trni so prednostno oslojeni s temperaturno obstojnim in kemično nevtralnim materialom.The extruder according to the invention is extremely suitable for the manufacture of panels which are extruded in the extrusion direction by channels. Such panels are e.g. most suitable for underfloor heating. For this purpose, it is only necessary to distribute spikes extending in the direction of the channels into the extrusion duct in the direction of the two longitudinal boundary lines of the cross-sectional profile. Preferably, these spikes are provided with a thread at one of their ends, which is threaded into a threaded bore of the distribution plate between two adjacent passage openings. Also, the spines are preferably dewatered by a heat-resistant and chemically neutral material.

Podajalna naprava in naprava za ustvarjanje tlaka obsegata pri prednostnem izvedbenem primeru spodnji del, ki je zasnovan kot ohišje za vezno telo in v katerega je vstavljena vsaj ena puša, katere končni odsek, ki je obrnjen k veznemu telesu, je lijakasto razširjen h komori, katera je predvidena v oglavnem delu podajalne naprave in naprave za ustvarjanje tlaka in skozi katero je v pušo vstavljiv bat. Oglavni del je pri tem prednostno opremljen z dovodnim kanalom, iztekajočim se v komoro in padajočim k le-tej, skozi katerega se dovaja granulat umetne snovi.In the preferred embodiment, the feeder and pressure generating device comprise a lower part designed as a body for the binding body and into which at least one bush is inserted, the end portion facing the connecting body being funnelly extended to the chamber, which it is provided in the main part of the feeder and pressure generating device and through which a piston is inserted into the sleeve. The head portion is preferably provided with a feed channel extending into the chamber and descending thereto through which the plastic granulate is fed.

Da bi se dalo krmiliti tudi temperaturo oglavnega dela, je le-ta na smotrn način opremljen z vsaj enim prečno glede na vzdolžno os puše potekajočim pretočnim kanalom za fluid.In order to control the temperature of the head section, it is conveniently provided with at least one transverse fluid conduit in relation to the longitudinal axis of the bush.

Če naj bi se proizvajalo plošče sorazmerno velike širine, se da na medsebojnem odmiku razporediti vsaj dva oglavna dela, ki sta ustrezno prirejena drug poleg drugega ležečim odsekom iztiskovalnega kanala in z le-tem povezana preko sistema razdelilnih kanalov.If panels of relatively large width are to be produced, at least two head portions which are appropriately arranged adjacent to each other and extending to each other extruded duct sections and connected thereto via a distribution duct system may be arranged at a distance from each other.

Izum je v nadaljevanju pobliže predstavljen na osnovi izvedbenih primerov, prikazanih v načrtu, kjer kaže sl. 1 prvi izvedbeni primer v vzdolžnem prerezu, sl. 2 izrez s sl. 4, predstavljen povečano, sl. 3 nepopolno predstavljen prerez po črti C-C s sl. 4, sl. 4 prerez po črti A-A s sl. 1, sl. 5 nepopolno predstavljen prerez po črti B-B s sl. 4, sl. 6 prerez po Črti F-F s sl. 1, sl. 7 prerez po črti E-E s sl. 1, sl. 8 drugi izvedbeni primer v prerezu, ustrezajočem tistemu s sl. 7, sl. 9 tretji izvedbeni primer v prerezu, ustrezajočem tistemu s sl. 1, sl. 10 prerez po črti G-G s sl. 9.The invention will now be further described on the basis of the embodiments shown in the drawing, where FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment in longitudinal section; 2 is a cutout of FIG. 4, enlarged, FIG. 3 is an incomplete section along the line C-C of FIG. 4, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1, FIG. 5 is an incomplete section along the line B-B of FIG. 4, FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view along Line F-F of FIG. 1, FIG. 7 is a cross-section along the line E-E of FIG. 1, FIG. 8 is a second embodiment in cross section corresponding to that of FIG. 7, FIG. 9 is a third embodiment in cross section corresponding to that of FIG. 1, FIG. 10 is a section along the line G-G of FIG. 9.

Iztiskovalna priprava za izdelavo plošč iz polietilena višje gostote obsega podajalno napravo in napravo za ustvarjanje tlaka s kvadrastim spodnjim delom 1, v katerega je z njegove zgornje strani vstavljena debelostenska puša 2. Na spodnji konec v navpični smeri potekajoče, osrednje skoznje izvrtine puše 2 je istoosno priključena izvrtina 6, ki predira spodnji del 1 do v prečnem prerezu pravokotnega izreza, potekajočega neprekinjeno na odmiku pod pušo 2 od prve do druge stranske ploskve, pri čemer je premer omenjene izvrtine 6 enak premeru osrednje izvrtine puše 2. V zgornjem zaključnem odseku puše 2, ki tvori na zgornjo stran spodnjega dela nalegajočo prirobnico, se osrednja prehodna izvrtina razširja lijakasto navzgor h komori 3.3 v oglavnem delu 3, ki s svojo spodnjo stranjo nalega na zgornjo stran spodnjega dela 1 in sprejema zgornji zaključni odsek puše 2. Oglavni del 3 je predrt z vodoravnimi prehodnimi kanali 3.1, skozi katere se da voditi fluid za krmiljenje temperature. Kot je prikazano na sl. 7 je oglavni del 3 s pomočjo vijakov 5 povezan s spodnjim delom 1. Nadalje je na sl. 7 prikazano, daje od zgornje strani oglavnega dela 3 h komori 3.3. voden dovodni kanal 3.2, ki je nagnjen navzdol proti komori 3.3 in se proti le-tej nekoliko oži. Na zgornjo stran oglavnega dela 3 je tako postavljen prednostno vibracijski dovodni vsebnik 4, katerega odprta spodnja stran je usmerjena k vstopni odprtini dovodnega kanala 3.2.The extruder for making higher density polyethylene sheets comprises a feeder and a pressure generating device with a square bottom part 1 into which a thick-walled sleeve 2 is inserted from its upper side. At the lower end in the vertical direction, the central through holes of the sleeve 2 are parallel a connected hole 6 which penetrates the lower portion 1 to cross-section of a rectangular section extending continuously at a distance below the bush 2 from the first to the second lateral surface, the diameter of said bore 6 being equal to the diameter of the central bore of the bush 2. In the upper end section of the bush 2 , forming an upper flange on the upper side of the lower part, the central through hole extends funnel-up to the chamber 3.3 in the head portion 3, which with its lower side rests on the upper side of the lower part 1 and receives the upper end section of the bush 2. The head portion 3 is punctured with horizontal passageways 3.1 through which the control fluid can be guided temperature. As shown in FIG. 7, the main part 3 is connected to the lower part by means of screws 5. Further, in FIG. 7 shows that from the top of the head portion 3 it is 3 to the chamber 3.3. guided inlet duct 3.2, which slopes downwards towards chamber 3.3 and narrows slightly toward chamber 3.3. Preferably, a vibratory inlet container 4 is mounted on the upper side of the head portion 3, the open bottom side of which is directed towards the inlet opening of the inlet channel 3.2.

Kot je prikazano na sl. 1 je v izrez spodnjega dela 1 do zaključnega odseka, nalegajočega na eno od stranskih ploskev spodnjega dela 1, brez zračnosti vstavljen nosilec 8 iztiskovalne glave. Spodnji del 1 se da zato označiti tudi kot ohišje za nosilec 8 iztiskovalne glave. Na nasprotiležečo stransko ploskev nalega plošča 9, ki je predrta z izvrtinami za vijake 10, prijemajoče v navojne izvrtine nosilca 8 iztiskovalne glave, katerega zaključni odsek napenjajo proti spodnjemu delu 1.As shown in FIG. 1, a support 8 of the extrusion head is inserted into the cutout of the lower portion 1 to the end portion adjacent to one of the lateral surfaces of the lower portion 1. The lower part 1 can therefore also be designated as a housing for the extrusion head carrier 8. To the opposing side face of the abutment plate 9, which is punctured with holes for the screws 10, gripping into the threaded holes of the extrusion head carrier 8, the end portion of which is tensioned towards the lower part 1.

Ta zaključni odsek je zasnovan s poglobitvijo, ki je v prečnem prerezu zasnovana pravokotno, katera sprejema zaključni odsek iztiskovalne glave, pri čemer tvori slednje omenjeni odsek prirobnico. Vijaki 15 povezujejo to prirobnico z nosilcem 8 iztiskovalne glave.This end section is designed by a recess, which is in cross-section, orthogonal, which receives the end section of the extrusion head, forming the latter section a flange. The screws 15 connect this flange to the extruder head 8.

Izvrtina 6 spodnjega dela 1 se, kot je prikazano na sl. 1, malce nadaljuje še naprej v nosilec 8 iztiskovalne glave. Iz tega podaljška potekajo, kot je prikazano na sl. 7, simetrično k vzdolžni osi izvrtine 6 paroma razporejene izvrtine 8.1 v ravnini, ki leži vzporedno z obema stranskima ploskvama, na kateri nalegata zaključni odsek nosilca 8 iztiskovalne glave oz. plošča 9. Na izvrtine 8.1 so priključene v višini vodoravne srednje ravnine iztiskovalne glave druga k drugi vzporedno potekajoče izvrtine 8.2. Te izvrtine 8.2 se iztekajo v osnovno ploskev v prečnem prerezu pravokotne poglobitve nosilca 8 iztiskovalne glave v njegovo naležno ploskev za prirobnični zaključni odsek iztiskovalne glave. V tej poglobitvi leži letvasta razdelilna plošča 11, katera pokriva vstopno odprtino v prečnem prerezu pravokotnega iztiskovalnega kanala iztiskovalne glave. Na vodoravno srednjo ravnino iztiskovalnega kanala so usmerjene izvrtine 11.1 razdelilne plošče 11, ki tvorijo po celotni širini iztiskovalnega kanala raztezajoč se niz, pri čemer imajo enake medsebojne razmike.The bore 6 of the lower part 1, as shown in FIG. 1, continues a little further into the extrusion head carrier 8. From this extension proceed as shown in Figs. 7, symmetrical to the longitudinal axis of the bore 6 of the steam-spaced bore 8.1 in a plane parallel to the two lateral faces, on which the end portion of the extrusion head carrier 8 or. Plate 9. The holes 8.1 are connected in the height of the horizontal median plane of the extrusion head to each other by parallel bore holes 8.2. These bores 8.2 extend into the base surface in the cross-section of the rectangular recess of the extrusion head carrier 8 into its contact surface for the flange end section of the extrusion head. In this recess lies a molded divider plate 11, which covers the inlet opening in the cross section of a rectangular extrusion duct of the extrusion head. The holes 11.1 of the distribution plate 11 are directed to the horizontal median plane of the extrusion duct, forming an extending string along the entire extrusion duct width, with equal spacing.

Izvrtine 8.2 leže prav tako kot izvrtine 11.1 razdelilne plošče 11 v vodoravni srednji ravnini iztiskovalnega kanala, končujejo pa se, kot je prikazano na sl. 6, na odmiku od razdelilne plošče 11, ker je na vsako od izvrtin 8.2 priključen v smeri niza, definiranega z izvrtinami 11.1, razširjajoč se, kot zareza zasnovan izstopni odsek 8.3. Ti izstopni odseki 8.3 se drug na drugega priključujejo na kvečjemu majhnem odmiku od razdelilne plošče 11, kot se vidi s sl. 6. Koti, ki jih oklepajo izvrtine 8.1 z vzdolžno osjo izvrtine 6, so izbrani tako, da vsak izstopni odsek 8.3 prekriva približno enako velik odsek niza, ki ga tvorijo izvrtine 11.1 razdelilne plošče 11. Vijaki 24 držijo razdelilno ploščo 11 v poglobitvi nosilca 8 iztiskovalne glave, katera poglobitev sprejema slednje omenjeno ploščo 11.Bores 8.2 lie just like the bores 11.1 of the distribution plate 11 in the horizontal median plane of the extrusion duct and terminate as shown in FIG. 6, at a distance from the distribution plate 11, because it is connected to each of the bores 8.2 in the direction of the string defined by the bores 11.1, extending as a notch-shaped exit section 8.3. These outlet sections 8.3 are connected to each other at the smallest possible distance from the distribution board 11, as seen in FIG. 6. The angles enclosed by the boreholes 8.1 with the longitudinal axis of the bore 6 are chosen such that each outlet section 8.3 overlaps approximately an equally large portion of the string formed by the boreholes 11.1 of the distribution plate 11. The screws 24 hold the distribution plate 11 in the recess of the carrier 8 extrusion heads, which recess accepts said plate 11.

Iztiskovalna glava, ki ima, ne glede na svoj zaključni konec, ki tvori prirobnico, obliko v vodoravni ravnini ležeče plošče, je predeljena v svoji vodoravni srednji ravnini in zato sestavljena iz zgornjega dela 12 in spodnjega dela 17, katerih prvi tvori zgornjo polovico 12.2, slednji pa spodnjo polovico 17.2 iztiskovalnega kanala, katerega prečni prerez je zasnovan kot vzdolžno potekajoč pravokotnik, kot se vidi s sl. 4. Stenska ploskev tako zgornje polovice 12.2 kot tudi spodnje polovice 17.2 je opremljena s prevleko 23 iz toplotno obstojnega in kemično nevtralnega materiala. Vijaki 13 povezujejo prirobnico z nosilcem 8 iztiskovalne glave.The extrusion head, which, regardless of its flange-forming end, is in the horizontal plane of the bearing plate, is recessed in its horizontal median plane and therefore consists of an upper portion 12 and a lower portion 17, the former of which forms the upper half 12.2, the latter the lower half 17.2 of the extrusion duct, the cross section of which is designed as a longitudinally extending rectangle, as seen in FIG. 4. The wall surface of both the upper half 12.2 and the lower half 17.2 is provided with a coating 23 of thermally stable and chemically neutral material. The screws 13 connect the flange to the extrusion head carrier 8.

Tako zgornji del 12 kot tudi spodnji del 17 je na zunanji strani, obrnjeni proč od iztiskovalnega kanala, opremljen s premočrtno potekajočimi utori 12.1 oz. 17.1, ki ležijo na enakih odmikih drug poleg drugega in potekajo od prve do druge stranske ozke strani iztiskovalne glave, in ki, kot je prikazano na sl. 5 in 3, oklepajo s prečno smeijo oster kot. V območju obeh stranskih ozkih stranic je iztiskovalna glava opremljena z veznimi utori, katere utori 12.1 in 17.1 medsebojno povezujejo na takšen način, da nastane neprekinjen utor, ki na odmiku spiralasto objema iztiskovalni kanal. Priključni nastavek 18.1 v bližini konca iztiskovalne glave, kateri konec tvori prirobnico, je povezan s prvim koncem tega neprekinjenega utora, priključni nastavek 18.2 v bližini prostega konca iztiskovalne glave pa je povezan z drugim koncem neprekinjenega utora. V izvedbenem primeru štrlita priključna nastavka 18.1 in 18.2 od spodnjega dela 17 navzdol.Both the upper part 12 and the lower part 17 are provided with straight grooves 12.1 and 12 respectively on the outside facing away from the extrusion duct. 17.1, which lie at equal distances to each other and extend from the first to the second lateral narrow side of the extrusion head, and which, as shown in FIG. 5 and 3, brackets with transverse laugh sharp angle. In the area of both lateral narrow sides, the extrusion head is provided with connecting grooves whose grooves 12.1 and 17.1 interconnect in such a way that a continuous groove is formed which spirally engages the extrusion duct. The connecting nozzle 18.1 near the end of the extrusion head, which end forms the flange, is connected to the first end of this continuous groove, and the connecting nozzle 18.2 near the free end of the extruding head is connected to the other end of the continuous groove. In the embodiment, the connecting pins 18.1 and 18.2 project from the bottom 17 downwards.

Iztiskovalna glava je razporejena v pravokotni tulki, katera zapira tako utore 12.1 inThe extrusion head is arranged in a rectangular sleeve which closes the grooves 12.1 and

17.1 kot tudi vezne utore za tvorbo neprekinjenega kanala, pri čemer sestoji iz zgornje polovice 14 kot tudi spodnje polovice 18. Na tej tulki, ki je s pomočjo vijakov in 16 povezana z zgornjim delom 12, s pomočjo vijakov 20 in 21 pa s spodnjim delom 17, sta razporejena priključna nastavka 18.1 in 18.2.17.1 as well as connecting grooves for forming a continuous channel, comprising the upper half 14 as well as the lower half 18. On this sleeve, which is connected by screws and 16 to the upper part 12 and by the screws 20 and 21 to the lower part 17, connection terminals 18.1 and 18.2 are arranged.

Kot je prikazano na sl. 2 in 4 tesni med zgornjim delom 12 in spodnjim delom 17 ležeče tesnilo 22 iztiskovalni kanal na obeh vzdolžnih straneh.As shown in FIG. 2 and 4 seal between the upper portion 12 and the lower portion 17 the sealing 22 extrusion duct on both longitudinal sides.

Za delovanje priprave se spodnji del 1 segreje na delovno temperaturo s pomočjo neprikazanega električnega ogrevanja. Nasprotno pa se del 3 hladi s pomočjo medija, ki teče skozi prehodne kanale 3.1. Nadalje se na delovno temperaturo segreje tudi iztiskovalno glavo tako, da se medij ustrezne temperature dovaja po skozi priključni nastavek 18.1, odvaja pa skozi priključni nastavek 18.2. Ta medij teče skozi neprekinjen kanal, ki ga tvorijo utori in tulka 18, in ki po večjem delu svoje dolžine objema iztiskovalni kanal.For operation, the lower part 1 is heated to operating temperature by means of electrical heating not shown. In contrast, part 3 is cooled by the medium flowing through the passageways 3.1. Further, the extruder head is also heated to the operating temperature so that the medium of the corresponding temperature is fed through the connection nozzle 18.1 and discharged through the connection nozzle 18.2. This medium flows through a continuous groove formed by grooves and sleeve 18, which hugs the extrusion groove for most of its length.

Iz vsebnika 4, nameščenega na delu 3, dospe granulat, ki ga je potrebno predelati, torej polietilen visoke gostote, kateremu je prednostno primešan organski peroksid, ki se ga skozi nekoliko ožeči se dovodni kanal 3.2 vodi proti komori 3.3 in skozi lijak 2.1, ki je na slednjo priključen v smeri navzdol, in ki prehaja v. izvrtino 6. Bat 7 pritisne material skozi izvrtini 8.1 in 8.2 v izstopni odsek 8.3. V tem območju se polietilen sintra. S pomočjo bata 7 ustvarjen tlak nadalje povzroči, da polietilen skozi izvrtine 11.1 razdelilne plošče 11 dospe v iztiskovalni kanal, ki ga tvorita obe polovici 12.2 in 17.2, kjer se zaradi nastavljene delovne temperature in kemično nevtralne oslojitve 23 kot tudi tlaka preoblikuje, plastificira in zamreži. Itiskovalni kanal zapusti trakast proizvod 27, ki ga je potrebno za tvorbo plošč le še predeliti v prečni smeri na odmikih, ustrezajočih ploščnim dolžinam.From the container 4 mounted on part 3, the granulate to be recovered, that is, high density polyethylene, preferably admixed with organic peroxide, is passed through a slightly narrowed supply channel 3.2 towards the chamber 3.3 and through a funnel 2.1 which is connected to the latter in a downward direction, and which passes into. bore 6. Piston 7 pushes material through holes 8.1 and 8.2 into the outlet section 8.3. Polyethylene is sintered in this range. Using the plunger 7, the pressure created further causes the polyethylene to flow through the holes 11.1 of the distribution plate 11 into the extrusion duct formed by both halves 12.2 and 17.2, where, due to the set operating temperature and chemically neutral release 23, as well as pressure, it is transformed, plasticized and crosslinked. . The imprint duct leaves a strip product 27, which only needs to be reworked in the transverse direction at a distance corresponding to the plate lengths to form the plates.

Če se za izdelavo plošč potrebuje večjo količino polietilena visoke gostote, ker je npr. ploščna širina večja, je smotrno predvideti dva ali več oglavnih delov na odmiku drug poleg drugega. Eden tovrstnih izvedbenih primerov je prikazan na sl. 8. Ker je v splošnem ta izvedbeni primer zasnovan kot tisti s sl. 1 do 7, se lahko zaradi nadaljnjih izvedbenih detajlov sklicujemo na izvedbeni primer po sl. 1 do 7. Zato so tudi ustrezni deli opremljeni z enakimi referenčnimi številkami kot pri prvem izvedbenem primeru.If a higher amount of high density polyethylene is required to produce the boards because e.g. the greater the width of the panel, it is advisable to provide for two or more head sections at a distance apart. One such embodiment is illustrated in FIG. 8. In general, this embodiment is designed as the one in FIG. 1 to 7, for further implementation details, reference can be made to the embodiment of FIG. 1 to 7. Therefore, the corresponding parts are also provided with the same reference numbers as in the first embodiment.

Na sl. 9 in 10 predstavljeni izvedbeni primer se od izvedbenega primera s sl. 1 do 7 razlikuje le po tem, da so v iztiskovalnem kanalu njegove iztiskovalne glave razporejeni trni 26, s katerimi je mogoče v plošči, ki se jo izdeluje, tvoriti v smeri iztiskovanja potekajoče kanale. Zaradi razpoložljivega ujemanja, z izjemo razdelilne plošče, z že opisanima izvedbenima primeroma, so posamični deli označeni s tamkaj razpoložljivimi referenčnimi številkami.In FIG. 9 and 10 show an embodiment of the embodiment of FIG. 1 to 7 distinguish only in that in the extrusion duct, there are arranged spines 26 in its extrusion head, which can be used to form extending channels in the direction of extrusion. Due to the available matching, with the exception of the distribution board, with the embodiments already described, the individual parts are numbered with reference numbers available there.

Kot je prikazano na sl. 10, je razdelilna plošča 25 v sredini med vsakokrat dvema sosednjima prehodnima izvrtinama 25.1, ki tako kot prehodne izvrtine 11.1 razdelilne plošče 11 tvorita v vodoravni srednji ravnini iztiskovalnega kanala ležeč niz, opremljena s po eno navojno izvrtino 25.2. V te navojne izvrtine 25.2 so uvijačeni z navojem opremljeni zaključni odseki trnov 26. Trni 26 ležijo, kot je prikazano na sl. 9, v vodoravni srednji ravnini iztiskovalnega kanala in, kot je prikazano na sl. 10, drug poleg drugega na stalnem odmiku. Temu ustrezen je položaj, ki ga imajo kanali v trakastem materialu 28, izstopajočem iz iztiskovalnega kanala, iz katerega se nareže plošče želene dolžine. Te plošče so zato opremljene s kanali, ki omenjene plošče v iztiskovalni smeri predirajo na celotni dolžini in ležijo v srednji ravnini plošč.As shown in FIG. 10, the distribution plate 25 is centrally located between the two adjacent transition holes 25.1 in each case, which, like the transition holes 11.1 of the distribution plate 11, form a row in the horizontal middle plane of the extrusion channel, provided with one threaded hole 25.2 each. These threaded holes 25.2 are provided with threaded end sections of the thorns 26. The thorns 26 lie as shown in FIG. 9, in the horizontal median plane of the extrusion duct and, as shown in FIG. 10, side by side at a constant distance. Accordingly, the position of the channels in the strip material 28 extending from the extrusion channel from which the plates of the desired length are cut is appropriate. These plates are therefore provided with grooves which extend the said plates in the extruding direction over the entire length and lie in the median plane of the plates.

Trni 26 so tako kot ostenje iztiskovalnega kanala oslojeni z materialom, kije pri temperaturah v območju 230° še temperaturno obstojen, torej mehansko stabilen, in poleg tega kemično nevtralen.Like the wall of the extrusion duct 26, the spikes 26 are free from material that is still temperature-stable at temperatures of 230 °, ie mechanically stable, and also chemically neutral.

Vse v poprejšnjem opisu omenjene kot tudi zgolj iz načrta razvidne značilnosti so sestavni deli izuma kot nadaljnje zasnove, tudi če niso posebej poudarjene in zlasti niso omenjene v zahtevkih.All the features mentioned in the foregoing description, as well as the features only apparent from the plan, are constituent parts of the invention as a further design, even if not specifically emphasized and not specifically mentioned in the claims.

Claims

PATENT APPLICATIONS

An extruder for making high density polyethylene sheets by means of a feeder and pressure generating device and a discharge duct which defines a cross-sectional shape of the extruded plate provided in the extruder head whose temperature is controllable and which is connected to the feeder a pressure generating device and apparatus comprising at least one piston as a feeding element and a pressure generating element, characterized in that the cross-linked polyethylene plates

a) the extrusion duct (12.2, 17.2) comprises a release (23) of a thermally stable and chemically neutral material,

b) a connecting body (8) is provided to connect the extrusion head (12, 17) to the feeder and pressure generating device (1 to 7), and

c) there is a piercing channel system (8.1, 8.2, 8.3) connected to each of the available outlet openings of the feeder and pressure generating device (1 to 7), comprising several distribution channels (8.1, 8.2, 8.3); whose outlet openings are adjacent to each other in the direction of both longitudinal sides of the rectangular outlet opening of the extrusion duct (12.2,17.2).

Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by the horizontal direction of elongation of the extrusion duct (12.2, 17.2), the vertical movement direction of the plunger (7) of the feeder and pressure generating device (1 to 7), and as a diversion head to the designed connecting body (8).

Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the delivery device and the pressure generating device (1 to 7) are arranged from above and the extrusion head (12,17) on the side of the diversion head.

Device according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a distribution plate (11; 25) is arranged in front of the outlet opening of the extrusion channel (11; 25), comprising in the direction of the longitudinal sides of the inlet opening a series of passage openings ( 11.1; 25.1).

Device according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the end section (8.3) of each distribution channel (8.1, 8.2, 8.3) extends towards the longitudinal sides of the inlet hole toward the outlet port of the extrusion channel (12.2, 17.2). , forming a notched outlet.

Device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the notched outlet openings are connected to each other and at the most have a small offset on the distribution plate (11; 25).

Device according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the extrusion channel (12.2, 17.2) comprises a release (23) from a temperature-resistant and chemically neutral material.

Device according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the extrusion head (12,17) is divided in the median plane of the extrusion duct (12,2,17,2).

Device according to Claim 8, characterized in that the two flat parts (12 and 17) of the extrusion head are provided with grooves (12.1, 17.1) extending from the first to the second lateral faces, which are parallel to the outer plane, parallel to the outside. through the grooves in the lateral surfaces connected to at least one continuous groove, surrounding the extrusion head (12, 17), and that the grooves (12.1, 17.1) are closed tightly with a sleeve (18) which is cross-sectioned and perpendicular to the grooves (12.1, 17.1) comprising outer faces, wherein at least one channel is thrust, and that the ends of the channels can be connected to the inlet or outlet. liquid return water.

Device according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that in the extrusion channel (12.2, 17.2), in the direction of the two longitudinal boundary lines of its profile, there are spaced apart splines (26) at each other they extend in the longitudinal direction of the channel.

Device according to Claim 10, characterized in that the longitudinal axes of all the mandrels (26) lie in the median plane of the extrusion channel (12.2, 17.2).

Apparatus according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the spines (26) comprise a release (23) of an impermeable and chemically neutral material.

Device according to one of Claims 10 to 12, characterized in that each of the pins (26) with one of its ends is fixed to the latter by two adjacent transition holes (25.1) of the distribution plate (25).

Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the feeding device and the pressure generating device (1 to 7) comprise a lower part (1) connected to a connecting body (8) in which the lower part ( 1) at least one sleeve (2) is inserted, extending from the connecting body away from the end section, a funnel into the chamber (3.3) provided in the main part (3) of the feeder and pressure generating device (1 to 7), and through which the piston (7) can be inserted into the sleeve (2).

Apparatus according to Claim 14, characterized in that the head section (3) is provided with at least one outlet duct (3.2) extending into the chamber (3.3).

Apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that the head portion (3) is provided with at least one fluid passage passage (3.1) transverse to the longitudinal axis of the bush (2).

Device according to one of Claims 14 to 16, characterized in that at least two head portions (3) arranged adjacent to one another and adjacent to each other portions of the extrusion channel (12.2, 17.2) are spaced apart with one distribution channel system (8.1, 8.2,8.3).