SI8511483A - Radiant heater for cooking devices - Google Patents
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Abstract
Sevalni grelnik (11) za ogrevanje kuhalne plošče iz steklene keramike vsebuje električne grelne upore dveh tipov: temne sevalnike (25) v obliki običajnih, v obliki vijačnice navitih grelnih uporovnih žic, ki delujejo z nižjo temperaturo, in svetle sevalnike (20) z visoko sevalno temperaturo v svetlem področju, ki so lahko oblikovani npr. s halogenskimi žarnicami. Temni sevalniki (25) se lahko vključujejo pred svetle sevalnike (20), da bi se po eni strani zmanjšalo visok vklopni tok in po drugi strani zgradilo regulacijo enostavneje in za uporabnika manj zapleteno. Alternativno k halogenskim svetlim sevalnikom se lahko uporabljajo tudi takšni iz molibdenovega disilicida (MoSi2). Predlagana so krmilna vezja z v taktu delujočimi pripravami za krmiljenje moči in večtaktnimi stikaliRadiant heater (11) for heating the cooker Glass ceramic tile contains electric heaters resistances of two types: dark emitters (25) in shape conventional helix-wound heating resistors low temperature wires and bright emitters (20) with high radiant temperature in the bright area, which may be formed e.g. with halogen lamps. Dark emitters (25) can be turned on before light radiators (20) to reduce the high on the one hand turn on current and in turn build regulation simpler and less complicated for the user. Alternatively to halogen light emitters can be they also use molybdenum disilicide (MoSi2). Control circuits with clock speed are proposed active power control and multi-stroke devices switches
Description
Sevalni grelnik za kuhalne napraveRadiant heater for cooking appliances
Izum se nanaša na sevalni grelnik za kuhalne naprave s ploščo iz steklene keramike, z električnimi svetlosevalnimi grelnimi elementi, ki delujejo namembno pri zvišani temperaturi nad 1500 K (približno 1200 °C).in katerih spekter sevanja sega občutno v vidno področje.The invention relates to a radiant heater for cooking appliances with a glass ceramic plate, with electric light-emitting heating elements operating at elevated temperatures above 1500 K (about 1200 ° C), and whose radiation spectrum extends significantly into the field of view.
Tovrstni sevalni grelniki so postali znani npr. iz britanskega patentnega spisa 1 273 023. Ti imajo kot svetlosevalne grelne elemente halogenske žarnice, ki sevajo svojo energijo v vidnem in infrardečem področju in s tem sevajo skozi ploščo iz steklene keramike. Zaradi majhne termične mase so časi ogrevanja dokaj kratki in poleg tega ima upravljalec zaradi izsevanja svetlobe tudi dobro kontrolo nad funkcijo. Težavna pa je zmožnost regulacije v spodnjem področju moči, ki zahteva deloma vključitev močnostnih diod. Nadalje so pogosto vklopni tokovi zelo visoki, ker imajo upornostna gradiva svetlih sevalnikov relativno visok pozitiven temperaturni količnik. Sposobnost regulacije predpostavlja večje število svetlih sevalnikov, ki soodločajo pri stroških za sevalni grelnik.Such radiant heaters have become known e.g. from British Patent 1 273 023. These, as light-emitting heating elements, are halogen lamps, which radiate their energy in the visible and infrared region and thus radiate through the glass ceramic panel. Due to the low thermal mass, the heating times are quite short and the operator also has good control over the function due to the light radiation. However, the ability to regulate in the lower power range is difficult, requiring partly the inclusion of power diodes. Furthermore, the switching currents are often very high because the resistivity materials of light emitters have a relatively high positive temperature coefficient. The ability to regulate presupposes a greater number of light emitters that co-decide the cost of a radiant heater.
Naloga izuma je, da ustvari sevalne grelnike, ki izkoriščajo pri dobri sposobnosti regulacije in gospodarnostnih stroških prednosti svetlih sevalnikov.It is an object of the invention to create radiant heaters that take advantage of the good regulation ability and cost-effectiveness of the benefits of light emitters.
Po izumu obsega sevalni grelnik razen najmanj enega svetlega sevalnika najmanj eno grelno cono z temno sevalnim grelnim elementom, ki deluje namembnostno pri temperaturah pod 1500 K (približno 1200 °C), ki se lahko vključuje istočasno in/ali izmenoma s svetlim sevalnikom.According to the invention, a radiator heater comprises at least one radiator zone with at least one bright radiator with a dark radiant heating element operating at temperatures below 1500 K (about 1200 ° C), which can be switched on simultaneously and / or alternately with the bright radiator.
Medtem ko gre pri svetlih sevalnikih prednostno za halogenske žarilne sevalnike, ki so lahko izoblikovani kot razpotegnjena ali zapognjena cev, se lahko uporablja tudi upornostno gradivo na osnovi molibdenskega disilicida (M0SI2), ki lahko doseže brez inkapsulacije v kremenčevem steklu halogenske žarnice žarilne temperature v svetlem vidnem področju. Posebno nazadnje navedeno uporovno gradivo, ki je na tržišču pod oznako KanthalSuper in ima steklasto strukturo, ima zelo visok vklopni tok, ker je njegova upornost pri nizkih temperaturah zelo nizka. Pri tem je prednostno, da je med posebno samo v zgornjem področju moči pričetka vretja in peke predvidenem obratovanju svetlega sevalnika temu zaporedno priključen vsaj en temen sevalnik, medtem ko so prednostno v spodnjem področju moči nadaljevanja kuhanja vključeni samo temni sevalniki, v danih pogojih impulzno ogrevani z v taktuWhile light emitters are preferably halogen glow emitters that can be formed as a stretched or bent tube, a molybdenum disilicide (M0SI2) -based material can also be used that can achieve, without encapsulation in the silica glass, a halogen filament lamp field of vision. The resistive material mentioned above, which is commercially available under the KanthalSuper label and has a glassy structure, has a very high switching current because its resistance at low temperatures is very low. In this case, it is advantageous to have at least one dark emitter connected in series to the boiling and baking start time, especially in the upper boiling range and in the baking range, whereas, preferably, only the dark radiators, impulse-heated under the given conditions, are included in the lower boom range. zv taktu
- 3 delujočo pripravo za krmiljenje moči. Dokler je upornost svetlega sevalnika še nizka, deluje temni sevalnik kot predupor, katerega delež na celotni upornosti pa je pri naraščujoči upornosti svetlega sevalnika pri njegovem segretju vedno manjši. S tem se izvede avtomatičen pomik moči od temnega sevalnika na svetli sevalnik pri istočasnem znižanju vklopnega toka na sprejemljivo vrednost. Prednostno sta lahko predvidena dva temna sevalnika, ki sta priključena pred svetlim sevalnikom v vzporedni vezavi, ki pa se v področju moči nadaljevanja kuhanja, ko skrbita sama za ogrevanje, vežeta zaporedno.- 3 active power control unit. As long as the resistance of the light emitter is still low, the dark emitter acts as a barrier, whose share in the overall resistance decreases with increasing resistance of the light emitter as it is heated. This will automatically shift the power from the dark emitter to the bright emitter while reducing the starting current to an acceptable value. Preferably, two dark emitters may be provided, which are connected in front of a bright emitter in parallel, but which, in the area of the power of continuing cooking, when connected to the heating itself, bind in series.
Pri temnem sevalniku gre prednostno za običajne grelne žice, ki so najpogosteje nameščene v obliki vijačnice in sestojijo iz gradiva železo-krom-aluminij. Uporabi se lahko gradivo, ki je v prodaji pod imenom Kanthal-A. Njegove žarilne temperature se naj ohranjajo prednostno pod 1500 K (približno 1200 °C) in ležijo normalno pri maksimalni vrednosti 1350 K (približno 1100 °C). Te žarijo pri tem tudi že relativno svetlo, vendar pa poteka njihovo oddajanje moči še v dokaj dolgovalovnem področju, medtem ko tukaj kot svetli sevalniki označeni grelni elementi lahko dosegajo najpogosteje dopustne maksimalne temperature, ki ležijo daleč nad prej navedenimi temperaturnimi mejami in dosegajo ali prekoračujejo deloma 2000 K (približno 1700 °C). Prav tako pa se lahko zgodi, da so pri navzdol reguliranem stanju podane temperaturne meje tudi deloma podkoračene.The dark emitter is preferably conventional heater wires, most commonly mounted in a helix shape and consisting of iron-chromium-aluminum material. Materials that are on sale under the name Kanthal-A may be used. Its annealing temperatures should preferably be kept below 1500 K (approximately 1200 ° C) and lie normally at a maximum value of 1350 K (approximately 1100 ° C). They also radiate relatively brightly, but their power output is still within a fairly long range, while here, as light emitters, the designated heating elements can reach the most commonly permissible maximum temperatures, which lie well above the aforementioned temperature limits and reach or exceed in part 2000 K (approx. 1700 ° C). It may also be the case that, in the down-regulated state, the given temperature limits are also partially stepped.
Posebno prednostna je razporeditev, pri kateri so temni sevalniki razporejeni v središčnem področju sevalnega grelnika, ki je obdan od obročastega področja, v katerem so svetli sevalniki.Particularly preferred is the arrangement in which the dark radiators are arranged in the center region of the radiator heater, which is surrounded by the annular region in which the radiators are bright.
- 4 S tem se na plošči iz steklene keramike vidno omeji kuhalna cona. Idealen bi bil obročast svetli sevalnik, ki obročasto obdaja grelno ceno s temnimi sevalniki. To je možno z grelnimi elementi iz molibdenovega disilicida, ki se lahko razporedijo npr. v obliki meandra v takšnem obročastem področju, vendar pa je proizvodno-tehnično težavno izdelati halogenske sevalnike v tej obliki z zadostno življenjsko dobo. Zaradi tega so lahko ravno svetli sevalniki v mnogokotni obliki, npr. v trikotni ali štirikotni obliki razporejeni okoli področja temnega sevalnika.- 4 This visibly limits the cooking zone on the glass ceramic hob. Ideal would be a circular light emitter that encircles the heating price with dark emitters. This is possible with molybdenum disilicide heating elements that can be distributed e.g. in the form of a meander in such an annular region, however, it is technically difficult to manufacture halogen radiators in this form with a sufficient lifetime. Because of this, straight light emitters can be polygonal, e.g. in triangular or quadrangular shape arranged around the dark emitter area.
Če je v nasprotju s tem zaželena enakomerna porazdelitev svetlih sevalnikov preko celotne kuhalne ploskve, so lahko prednostno med svetlimi sevalniki, ki segajo premočrtno skozi ogrevalno področje približno krožne oblike sevalnega grelnika, nameščena s temnimi sevalniki opremljena področja, pri čemer so prednostno svetli sevalniki nameščeni v področju vrzeli ali poglobitev ravnine, ki nosi temne sevalnike. S tem je možno, da se ohrani gradbeno višino sevalnega grelnika nizko, ker imajo običajno halogenski sevalni grelniki večji premer kot konvencionalne grelne spirale temnih sevalnikov, tako da se jih z namestitvijo v vrzelih ohranja bolje tudi v eni ravnini.In contrast, if an even distribution of light emitters across the entire cooking surface is desired, preferably, light emitters extending perpendicularly through the heating region of the circular radiator heater may be equipped with dark emitters, with the light emitters preferably located in the area of the gap or the deepening of the plane carrying the dark radiators. This allows the height of the radiator heater to be kept low, since halogen radiators generally have a larger diameter than conventional dark radiator helixes, so that they can be better maintained in one plane by gaps.
Temni sevalniki so lahko pri tem pričvrščeni na izolacijskih nosilcih trakaste ali ploščaste oblike z delno vložitvijo, pri čemer so izolacijski nosilci nameščeni med svetlimi sevalniki vzporedno k tem. Vložitev lahko poteka na običajen način, prednostno pa kot je opisano v nemškem patentnem spisu 27 29 929, pri čemer so grelne vijačnice pričvrščene v izolacijskem materialu samo. preko dela svoje dolžine in/ali obsega pred njegovo dokončno strditvijo.The dark emitters can then be attached to the insulating beams of ribbon or plate form with partial insertion, the insulating beams being placed between the light emitters parallel to them. Filing can be carried out in the usual manner, preferably as described in German patent application 27 29 929, with the heating screws being fastened in the insulating material only. over a portion of its length and / or extent before its final hardening.
Čeprav imajo neprodusno zaprti svetli sevalniki, npr. halogenski sevalniki, najpogostoje lastno refleksijsko plast na svojem plašču iz kremenčevega stekla, se občutno zboljša stopnja učinka, če je izolacijsko telo na svoji površini opremljeno z reflektirajočo plastjo, npr. s plastjo iz titanovega dioksida.Although they have tightly closed bright radiators, e.g. halogen emitters, most often their own reflective layer on their quartz glass jacket, have a significantly improved degree of effect if the insulating body is provided with a reflective layer on its surface, e.g. with a layer of titanium dioxide.
Čeprav se pri uporabi svetlih sevalnikov plošča iz steklene keramike ne segreje več tako močno, posebno če sestoji iz gradiva, ki je dobro prepustno za posebno področje sevanja, pa naj bi bila zaradi nevarnosti termične poškodbe za stekleno keramiko predvidena temperaturna omejitev. Za to se lahko uporablja paličasto temperaturno tipalo. Nameščeno je lahko pretežno v področju temnega sevalnika, ker je tam na razpolago največja vgradbena višina. Če je nameščeno prednostno vzporedno k svetlemu sevalniku poleg tega, potem zajema po eni strani temperaturo temnega sevalnika neposredno, vplivano pa je tudi stransko od svetlega sevalnika in ne zviša bistveno vgradbene višine. Temperaturni omejilnik je lahko vezan tako, da odklopi temne sevalnike in preostanejo svetli sevalniki kot preostala moč. Tako je poskrbljeno za to, da je nevarnost pregretja plošče iz steklene keramike majhna in stikalnim kontaktom temperaturnega omejilnika ni treba vklapljati svetlega sevalnika z njegovim relativno visokim vklopnim tokom.Although the use of light emitters no longer warms as much as the glass ceramic plate, especially if it consists of material that is well permeable to a specific area of radiation, the temperature limit should be envisaged due to the risk of thermal damage to the glass ceramics. A rod temperature sensor can be used for this. It can be installed mainly in the area of the dark emitter, because the maximum mounting height is available there. Preferably, if it is positioned parallel to the light emitter, it captures, on the one hand, the temperature of the dark emitter, but is also affected laterally by the light emitter and does not increase the installation height significantly. The temperature limiter can be bound to disconnect the dark radiators and leave the bright radiators as residual power. This ensures that the risk of the glass ceramic plate overheating is low and that the switch contacts of the temperature limiter do not have to switch on the bright emitter with its relatively high switching current.
Možno je tudi, da se uporabi svetle sevalnike v posebni vezavi za pričetek kuhanja, kot je znano za druge kuhalne plošče iz nemške objavljene, vendar še ne odobrene patentne prijave 31 44 631, na katero se tu sklicujemo. Tam je opremljeno temperaturno stikalo z ustrezno temperaturi za pričetek kuhanja nastavljeno temperaturo in z tako veliko stikalno zakasnitvijo, da se po enkratnem izklopuIt is also possible to use light emitters in special binding to start cooking, as is known for other hobs from German published but not yet approved patent application 31 44 631, which we refer to here. There is a temperature switch equipped with the appropriate temperature for the start of cooking the set temperature and with such a large switch delay that after a single switch-off
- 6 med obratovanjem sevalnega grelnika normalno ne vklopi ponovno. Sevalni grelnik po določeni fazi pričetka kuhanja izklopi, tako da je s tem podano avtomatično vezje za pričetek kuhanja.- 6 does not switch on normally when the heater is operating. After a certain start-up phase, the radiant heater switches off, thus providing an automatic circuit for starting cooking.
S kombinacijo med svetlimi in temnimi sevalniki se možnost regulacije in krmiljenja sevalnega grelnika bistveno izboljša. Pri uporabi v taktu delujoče priprave za krmiljenje moči, ki dovaja sevalnemu grelniku energijo v posamičnih močnostnih impulzih z različnim relativnim vklopnim trajanjem, se lahko priprava za krmiljenje moči opremi z dodatnim stikalom, ki se vklaplja ročno preko nastavitvene gredi priprave za krmiljenje moči, ki je vsebovano prednostno v predpriklopljenem stikalu in ki v zgornjem področju moči vklaplja najmanj en svetli sevalnik, posebno pri nastavitvi moči priprave za krmiljenje moči z sto odstotki relativnega vklopnega trajanja. Tu je svetli sevalnik vključen torej samo v zgornjem področju moči in je uporabljen tako za hitro segrevanje, za kar je posebno dobro uporaben. Njegovo trajanje celotnega vklopa ostaja kratko, tako da se ta relativno drag gradnik z omejeno dobo trajanja štedi. Razen tega odpade vklop in izklop svetlega sevalnika, kar je zaradi zvišanega vklopnega toka, zmanjšanja življenjske dobe pri pogostem vklopu iz izklopu in zaradi tako ne nastopajoče nesigurnosti upravljalca zaradi menjajoče se osvetlitve in zatemnitve grelne cone ter zmanjšane obremenitve omrežja ter zmanjšanih motenj prednostno. Večina teh prednosti se lahko doseže tudi, če se v srednjem in spodnjem področju moči oskrbuje v taktu z napetostjo zaporedna vezava svetlih in temnih sevalnikov s pripravo za krmiljenje moči.By combining light and dark radiators, the control and control of the radiant heater is significantly improved. When used in a clocked power control device that supplies radiant energy to the heater in single power pulses with different relative switching durations, the power control device can be equipped with an additional switch which is manually operated via the adjusting shaft of the power control device, which is preferably contained in a pre-mounted switch and which switches on at least one bright emitter in the upper power range, especially when adjusting the power of the power steering device with one hundred percent relative switching duration. The light emitter here is therefore only included in the upper power range and is used for rapid heating, for which it is particularly well used. Its full turn-on duration remains short, so this relatively expensive widget with a limited lifespan is saved. In addition, switching on and off the bright radiator is a priority, due to the increased switching current, reducing the life span of frequent switching off, and thus the uncertainty of the operator due to changing illumination and dimming of the heating zone and reduced network load and reduced interference. Most of these advantages can also be achieved if, in the middle and lower power ranges, the sequential coupling of light and dark emitters by means of a power control device is provided in voltage.
Prednostno pa je tudi možno, da se krmili moč sevalnega grelnika z več svetlimi sevalniki in najmanj enim temnim sevalnikom prek večtaktnega vezja, prednostno sedemtaktnega vezja, v vzporedni, posamični in zaporedni vezavi sevalnikov. Tu so v večini vmesnih stopenj vključeni tudi svetli sevalniki, tako da je za uporabnika prisotna še vedno vidna kontrola, vendar pa je z manjšim številom svetlih sevalnikov možno boljše stopničenje moči, posebno v spodnjem področju moči.Preferably, it is also possible to control the power of a radiant heater with multiple light emitters and at least one dark emitter through a multi-stroke circuit, preferably a seven-stroke circuit, in the parallel, single and sequential connection of the radiators. Most of the intermediate stages also include bright emitters, so that there is still visible control for the user, but with a smaller number of bright emitters a better degree of power is possible, especially in the lower power range.
Da bi se pri dobri termični izolaciji podalo dobro optično žarilno oz. svetlobno sliko sevalnega grelnika v kuhalni pripravi, se lahko predvidi v robnem področju zaslanjanje sevanja.In order to provide good optical insulation or good optical thermal insulation. a light image of the radiant heater in the cooking appliance may be provided in the edge region of the radiation shielding.
To je lahko oblikovano od obročaste izolacijske prekrivne zaslonke, ki je, ležeča na robu, pritisnjena ob kuhalno ploskev in ki se, ker sestoji iz relativno gostejšega, vendar temperaturno obstojnega izolacijskega gradiva, izreže z relativno ostrimi robovi. Če sega nekoliko preko dejanskega, iz visoko izolirajocega, vendar manj čvrstega gradiva sestoječ rob navznoter, potem določa ona sama optični učinek polja kuhanja in preprečeno je, da bi kuhalna ploskev zaradi neostre notranje omejitve izgledala natrgana.This may be formed by an annular insulating cover diaphragm, which is pressed against the cooking surface on the edge and which, because it consists of relatively denser but temperature resistant insulation material, is cut with relatively sharp edges. If it extends slightly beyond the actual inwardly insulated but less solid material, then it determines the optical effect of the cooking field itself and prevents the hob from looking torn due to its sharp internal restriction.
Zaslanjanje sevanja lahko sestoji dodatno ali namesto prekrivne zaslonke iz svetlobo absorbirajoče oz. odbijajoče plasti na priključnih koncih svetlega sevalnika. S tem je preprečeno,da prodira svetloba od koncev svetlega sevalnika v področje kuhalne priprave, ki leži izven kuhalnih mest in osvetljuje od spodaj ploščo iz steklene keramike tudi v tem področju, najpogosteje neenakomerno, kar optično moti in kar bi lahko vodilo tudi do nezaželenega segretja kuhalne priprave.The radiation shielding may consist of, in addition to, or instead of a light-absorbing aperture or an overlay. reflective layers at the terminal ends of the light emitter. This prevents light from penetrating the ends of the light emitter into the area of the cooking appliance, which lies outside the hobs and illuminates the bottom of the glass ceramics in this area as well, most often unevenly, which can interfere with the optimum, which could also lead to unwanted heating. cooking appliances.
- 8 Zaslanjanje sevanja je lahko predvideno tudi kot prekrivanje za priključni konec svetlosevalnega grelnega elementa, katero je lahko del izolacije in posebno prednostno del prekrivne zaslonke. Posebno prednostna je kombinacija teh ukrepov.- 8 Radiation shielding may also be provided as an overlay for the terminal end of the light-reflecting heating element, which may be part of the insulation and, in particular, part of the cover aperture. Particularly preferred is a combination of these measures.
Zaslanjanje sevanja in s tem povezani ukrepi se lahko prednostno uporabijo tudi pri sevalnem grelniku s svetlimi sevalniki brez uporabe temnih sevalnikov.Radiation screening and related measures can also be used as a priority for a light emitter heater without the use of dark emitters.
Ta in nadaljnje značilnosti prednostnih nadaljnjih izvedb izuma so razvidne tudi iz opisa in risbe, pri čemer se lahko posamične značilnosti uresničijo pri izvedbeni obliki izuma vsakokrat same zase ali več skupaj v obliki podkombinacij. Izvedbeni primeri izuma so prikazani v risbi in bodo v nadaljnjem podrobneje pojasnjeni. V risbi prikazujejo:These and further features of the preferred further embodiments of the invention are also apparent from the description and the drawing, whereby the individual characteristics can be realized in the embodiment of the invention each time for themselves or more together in the form of sub-combinations. Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing and will be explained in further detail. The drawing shows:
sl. 1 navpičen delni prerez skozi ploščo iz steklene keramike s pod njo nameščenim sevalnim grelnikom, sl. 2 shematski naris sevalnega grelnika, sl. 3 shematski naris variante, sl. 4 do 8 nadaljnje variante, pri čemer je vsakokrat z indeksom a označen navpičen prerez skozi sevalni grelnik in z indeksom b tloris, sl. 9 prerez skozi podrobnost variante, sl. 10 delno v stikalnem vezju prikazan shematski naris sevalnega grelnika, sl. 11 pripadajoče stikalno vezje z v taktu delujočo pripravo za krmiljenje moči, sl. 12 do 15 električna stikalna vezja sevalnih grelnikov s pripadajočimi pripravami za krmiljenje moči,FIG. 1 is a vertical partial cross-section through a glass ceramic plate with a radiant heater underneath, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a radiant heater, FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a variant of FIG. 4 to 8 further variants, each with an index a denoting a vertical cross-section through the radiator heater and with an index b the plan, FIG. 9 is a sectional view through a detail of a variant; FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a radiation heater in FIG. 11 shows an associated switch circuit with a clockwise power control device, FIG. 12 to 15 electrical switches of radiant heaters with associated power control devices,
- 9 sl. 16 in 17 vezje vsakokrat štirih v enem sevalnem grelniku predvidenih grelnih elementov s pomočjo običajnega, neprikazanega sedemtaktnega stikala v šestih različnih močnostnih stopnjah (a do f), sl. 18 in 19 stranski pogled v delnem prerezu in tloris sevalnega grelnika s temperaturnim regulatorjem, sl. 20 stikalno vezje temperaturno reguliranega sevalnega grelnika, sl. 21 in 24 navpične delne prereze skozi dve varianti sevalnega grelnika po izumu, sl. 22 in 25 delna tlorisa teh sevalnih grelnikov in sl. 23 in 26 navpične delne prereze po prereznih črtah III oz.- 9 fig. 16 and 17 each of the four radiators provided in the one radiator provided by a conventional seven-stroke switch not shown in six different power stages (a to f); FIG. 18 and 19 are a side sectional view and a plan view of a radiant heater with a temperature controller, FIG. 20 The circuit of a temperature-controlled radiant heater, FIG. 21 and 24 are vertical partial cross sections through two variants of the radiant heater according to the invention, FIG. 22 and 25 are a partial plan of these radiant heaters and the like. 23 and 26 vertical partial cross-sections along the cross-sections III and
VI, gledano v smeri puščice.VI, looking in the direction of the arrow.
V prikazanih izvedbenih oblikah, tako tudi pri v nadaljnjem opisani sl. 1, obstajajo naslednji sestavni deli; v ploski pločevinasti skodeli 12 je nameščena izolacija 13, na katero je v robnem področju postavljen obroč 14 iz nekoliko bolj čvrstega izolacijskega gradiva,kot je to plast 13 in ki nalega na spodnji strani plošče iz steklene keramike. Sevalni grelnik 11 ogreva skozi to ploščo iz steklene keramike 15 na njej stoječo kuhalno posodo 16. Temperaturni omejilnik 17 s paličastim temperaturnim tipalom 18 sega preko ogrevanega področja sevalnega grelnika in vsebuje v svoji izven področja skodele 12 nameščeni stikalni glavi 19 stikala, ki vplivajo na oskrbo s tokom sevalnega grelnika in eventualno odklapljajo delne grelne elemente.In the embodiments shown, as well as in the following, FIG. 1, there are the following components; In the flat sheet cup 12 there is insulation 13, on which a ring 14 of slightly more solid insulation material is placed in the edge region, such as layer 13, and which fits on the underside of the glass ceramic plate. The radiant heater 11 heats through this glass ceramic hob 15 on the cooking vessel 16 thereon. A temperature limiter 17 with a rod temperature sensor 18 extends beyond the heated area of the radiant heater and contains switches 19 affecting supply in its outside of the bowl 12. with the flow of the radiant heater and eventually disconnect the partial heating elements.
Ti elementi bodo pri ostalih izvedbenih oblikah opremljeni z enakimi referenčnimi številkami in ne bodo ponovno opisani .These elements will be given the same reference numbers in the other embodiments and will not be re-described.
Pri izvedbi po sl. 1 in 2 obstajajo trije svetli sevalniki 20, ki so izoblikovani kot ravne halogenske žarnice, ki vsebujejo wolframovo žarilno nitko, ki je vsebovana v cevi iz kremenovega stekla v halogenski atmosferi in je oprta z vmesnimi oporniki. Tovrstni sevalniki so opisani v britanskem patentnem spisu 1 73 023, na katerega se sklicujemo. Njihova žarilna nitka deluje pri temperaturah velikostnega reda 2400 K (2700 °C) in proizvaja poleg delež infrardeče svetlobe tudi visok delež vidne svetlobe v belem področju. Plošča iz steklene keramike 15 je prirejena za vsaj delno prepuščanje tega spektralnega področja, medtem ko se del toplote ustavi v plošči steklene keramike in je od tam oddan z kontaktom itd. na kuhalno posodo 16. Svetli sevalniki 20 imajo na svojih obeh straneh priključke 21, ki segajo preko roba 22 pločevinaste skodele 12 navzven in so tam povezani z ustreznimi priključnimi vodniki. Trije svetli sevalniki 20 segajo s svojimi konci skozi rob 14 in se nahajajo s svojim sevajočim področjem znotraj ogrevane ploskve 23 krožne oblike sevalnega grelnika, ki je izoblikovana v skodelasti notranjosti sevalnega grelnika Trije sevalni grelniki segajo vzporedno in v enaki medsebojni razdalji preko ogrevanega področja. Med nje so vloženi iz izolacijskega gradiva sestoječi trakasti izolacijski nosilci 24, na katerih gornjo stran so pritrjeni konvencionalni temnosevalni grelni elementi 25. Temni sevalniki 25 sestojijo iz grelnih vijačnic iz uporovne žice, npr. legure železo-krom-aluminij, ki se uporablja do temperaturo do približno 1500 K (1200 °C). Vloženi so deloma v površino izolacijskih nosilcev 24, s tem da je spodnji del njihovih zavojev v medsebojnih razmikih ali pa tudi preko celotne dolžine vložen v izolacijski nosilec pred njegovo strditvijo. Predstavljive pa so tudi druge možnosti namestitve, npr. preko kovinskih igel, kita in podobno.In the embodiment of FIG. 1 and 2, there are three bright emitters 20, which are formed as flat halogen lamps containing a tungsten filament contained in a quartz glass tube in a halogen atmosphere and supported by intermediate supports. Such emitters are described in British Patent 1 73 023, to which we refer. Their filament operates at temperatures of the order of 2400 K (2700 ° C) and produces, in addition to the fraction of infrared light, a high proportion of visible light in the white region. The glass ceramic plate 15 is adapted to at least partially transmit this spectral region, while some of the heat is stopped in the glass ceramic plate and is emitted therefrom by contact, etc. to the hob 16. Light emitters 20 have connectors 21 on each side, extending beyond the edge 22 of the sheet metal 12 to the outside and connected therewith to the corresponding connection conductors. The three light emitters 20 extend their edges through the edge 14 and are located with their radiant region within the heated surface 23 of the circular radiator heater, which is formed in the cup interior of the radiant heater. The three radiant radiators extend in parallel and at the same distance across the heated area. Into it are insulated material consisting of striped insulating supports 24, on which the conventional convex heating elements 25 are fastened to the upper side. The dark radiators 25 consist of heating screws made of resistive wire, e.g. Iron-chromium-aluminum alloys used up to temperatures up to about 1500 K (1200 ° C). They are embedded in part into the surface of the insulating supports 24, with the lower part of their bends being spaced at intervals or even the entire length into the insulating carrier prior to its curing. Alternatively, other installation options are also available, e.g. through metal needles, putty and the like.
Trakasti izolacijski nosilci 24 se lahko namestijo med vrzeli 26, v katerih so nameščeni svetli sevalniki, tako da tvori celotno ogrevnaje približno eno ravnino, čeprav imajo svetli sevalniki večji zunanji premer kot grelne vijačnice. V risbah s črtkano pikčastimi črtami nakazani temni sevalniki 25 tvorijo dve temnosevalni grelni coni 27 med tremi svetlimi sevalniki 20 in lahko tvorijo tudi dodatno še po eno temnosevalno grelno cono 27 na obeh straneh zunanjih svetlih sevalnikov, čeprav to ni vedno potrebno. Grelne vijačnice so položene na izolacijskih nosilcih v cik-cak obliki in njihovi priključni konci so vodeni navzven iz sevalnega grelnika na običajen, neprikazan način skozi izolacijske skoznike.The strip insulating supports 24 can be positioned between the gaps 26 in which the bright radiators are installed so that the entire heating is approximately one plane, although the bright radiators have a larger outer diameter than the heating screws. In the dotted line drawings, the indicated dark emitters 25 form two dark-emitting heating zones 27 between the three light emitters 20 and may also form one more dark-emitting heating zone 27 on either side of the external light emitters, although this is not always necessary. The heating screws are laid on zipper-shaped insulation supports and their connecting ends are guided outward from the radiator heater in the usual, non-visible manner through the insulating plugs.
V sl. 3 je prikazan sevalni grelnik 11, pri katerem zavzema temnosevalna grelna cona 27, ki je lahko razdeljana tudi v več posamično vklopljivih grelnih uporov, relativno veliko središčno področje krožne oblike, ki je obdano od svetlosevalne grelne cone 28 v obliki krožnega obroča. V njej sta nameščena dva svetla sevalnika 20 v obliki halogenskih žarnic, katerih sevalno področje poteka približno v obliki polkroga, medtem ko so priključni konci izoblikovani drug drugemu nasproti ležeče in med seboj poravnano in štrlijo skozi rob 14 navzven. Temperaturno tipalo 18 poteka diametralno in v glavnem vzporedno k priključnim koncem, tako da zajame temperaturo temnosevalne grelne cone 27 kar najbolje in je pod manjšim vplivom svetlih sevalnikov.In FIG. 3 shows a radiant heater 11 in which it occupies a darkening heating zone 27, which may also be divided into several individually switched heating resistors, a relatively large central area of circular shape, which is surrounded by a circular ring shaped reflective heating zone 28. It houses two bright halogen lamps 20, the radiating area of which is approximately semicircular, while the connecting ends are formed opposite each other and aligned and projected through the edge 14 outwards. The temperature sensor 18 is diametrically and substantially parallel to the connecting ends so as to capture the temperature of the darkening heating zone 27 as best as possible and is less influenced by light emitters.
Izvedbene oblike po sl. 4 do 8 vsebujejo vsakokrat na izolacijskem nosilcu 24 že opisane temne sevalnike 25. Pri sl. 4 sta nameščena dva svetla sevalnika 20 na obeh straneh središčne, pravokotne temnosevalne grelne cone 27, tako da je podano pravokotno grelno polje, ki se nahaja v sevalnem grelniku z na dveh straneh nekoliko sploščenem, v ostalem pa krožno omejenem robu. Od grelnikov prosta področja 29 z obliko krožnega odseka pa so od sevanja svetlih sevalnikov 20 vplivana, preden jih rob 14 zasloni. Paličasto temperaturno tipalo 18 temperaturnega omejilnika 17 poteka po eni strani vzporedno h grelni coni 27 k enemu od svetlih sevalnikov 20 preko ogrevanega področja 23 in dobiva od spodaj sevanje temnih sevalnikov 25 in s strani sevanje svetlega sevalnika 20.The embodiments of FIG. 4 to 8 each comprise dark emitters already described on the insulating support 24. 4, two light emitters 20 are mounted on either side of the central, rectangular darkening heating zone 27, so that a rectangular heating field is provided, which is located in the radiant heater on both sides slightly flattened and in the rest with a circularly bounded edge. From the heaters, the circular section-shaped free areas 29 are affected by the light emitters 20 before the edge 14 screens them. The rod temperature sensor 18 of the temperature limiter 17 extends in one direction parallel to the heating zone 27 to one of the light emitters 20 via the heated area 23 and receives from below the radiation of the dark emitters 25 and from the light emitters 20.
Sl. 5 prikazuje izvedbo, pri kateri so štirje svetli sevalniki 20 nameščeni medsebojno vzporedno v obliki ravnih palic. Med njimi so nameščeni, vsakokrat na trakastih izolacijskih nocilcih 24,temni sevalniki 25, ki so vsakokrat med seboj povezani zaporedno s povezavo, ki poteka pod svetlim sevalnikom 20. Vsak izolacijski nosilec 24 nosi dve med seboj vzporedno potekajoči, premočrtno nameščeni grelni vijačnici. Svetli sevalniki so nameščeni v vrzelih 26 med izolacijskimi nosilci 24 in temperaturno tipalo 18 temperaturnega omejilnika 17 poteka poševno diagonalno prek svetlih sevalnikov in področij temnih sevalnikov.FIG. 5 shows an embodiment in which the four bright radiators 20 are arranged parallel to each other in the form of straight bars. Between them, on each of the insulating strips 24, are mounted dark emitters 25, which are connected in series with each other by a connection that runs under the light emitter 20. Each insulating carrier 24 carries two helixes running parallel to each other in parallel. The light emitters are positioned in the gaps 26 between the insulation supports 24 and the temperature sensor 18 of the temperature limiter 17 runs diagonally diagonally across the light emitters and areas of dark emitters.
Sl. 6 prikazuje izvedbo, pri kateri so štirje ravni, paličasti svetli sevalniki 20 v obliki kvadrata nameščeni tako, da ležijo njihova sevajoča področja znotraj ogrevanega področja 23 krožnega sevalnega grelnika. Sosednji svetli sevalniki so po višini medsebojno tako premaknjeni, da se v področju priključnih koncev križajo in se jih tako lahko priključuje. Pravokotno, prednostno kvadratno obdano središčno področje je izoblikovano kot cona 27 temnih sevalnikov in opremljeno v cik caku z običajnimi vijačnicami grelnih uporov. Svetli sevalniki tvorijo tako grelno cono svetlih sevalnikov 28, ki obdaja grelno cono 27 temnih sevalnikov .FIG. 6 shows an embodiment in which four straight, square, square shaped radiant radiators 20 are arranged so that their radiant regions lie within the heated area 23 of the circular radiator heater. The adjacent light emitters are so displaced in height that they intersect in the area of the connecting ends and can thus be connected. The rectangular, preferably square, encircled center region is shaped as a zone of 27 dark radiators and is equipped in a zigzag pattern with conventional heater resistors. The light emitters form the heating zone of the light emitters 28, which surrounds the heating zone 27 of the dark emitters.
V sl. 7 je prikazana primerljiva razporeditev, pri kateri so trije ravni paličasti svetli sevalniki 20 v obliki pravokotnega trikotnika nameščeni na podoben način kot v sl. 6.In FIG. 7 shows a comparable arrangement in which the three straight bar light emitters 20 are arranged in a right-angled triangle in the same way as in FIG. 6.
Od njih obdana trikotna središčna cona je grelna cona 27 temnih sevalnikov, v kateri je nameščena grelna vijačnica 25 temnega sevalnika v obliki spirale. Pod svetlimi sevalniki 20 je nanešena na izolacijski plasti 13 obloga 59 iz titanovega dioksida, ki omogoča dobro refleksijo sevanja svetlih sevalnikov.The triangular center zone enclosed by them is a heating zone of 27 dark emitters, in which a helix of 25 dark emitters in the form of a spiral is installed. Under light emitters 20, a titanium dioxide coating 59 is applied to the insulating layer 13 to allow a good reflection of the light emitters.
Sl. 8 prikazuje izvedbo, pri kateri so svetli in temni sevalniki nameščeni kot v sl. 4. Vendar pa je nameščeno v sredini grelne cone 27 temnih sevalnikov temperaturno tipalo 30 v obliki krožne ploske tipalne doze, ki je nameščena v središčni, skozi sevalni grelnih od spodaj skoznjo štrleči tulki 31 in je pritisnjeno vzmetno navzgor ob ploščo iz steklene keramike. Tipalna doza 30 je napolnjena z razteznostno tekočino in je povezana preko kapilarne cevi 32 z,·, razteznostno dozo v neprikazanem temperaturnem tipalu. Ta otipava temperaturo spodnje strani plošče steklene keramike in dobi od tam tudi povratno povezavo od kuhalne posode. Ta je namenjena temperaturni regulaciji v odvisnosti od temperature in od vrednosti, naravnane na temperaturnem regulatorju medtem ko je prav tako obstoječ temperaturni omejilnik 17 stalno naravnan in odklopi samo pri nevarnosti pregretja. Njegovo temperaturno tipalo 18 poteka diagonalno, vendar zaradi temperaturnega tipala 30 nekoliko izvensrediščno preko ogrevane cone 29. Tipalo 30 bi bilo lahko nameščeno tudi v robnem področju 29, ker je tam možen še boljši sklop na dno kuhalne posode 16.FIG. 8 shows an embodiment in which the light and dark emitters are mounted as in FIG. 4. However, in the center of the heating zone 27 of the dark radiators, a temperature sensor 30 in the form of a circular, flat touch probe, which is mounted in the center, through the radiant heaters through the projecting sleeve 31 from below, and is pressed spring up against the glass ceramic plate. The probe dose 30 is filled with expansion fluid and is connected via a capillary tube 32 with the expansion expansion dose in the temperature sensor not shown. It senses the temperature of the underside of the glass ceramic hob and also receives a feedback from there from the cookware. This is intended for temperature control depending on the temperature and on the value set on the temperature controller, while the existing temperature limiter 17 is also permanently adjusted and switched off only in case of overheating. Its temperature sensor 18 runs diagonally, but due to temperature sensor 30 slightly out-of-center via the heated zone 29. The sensor 30 could also be positioned in the edge region 29, since an even better assembly at the bottom of the cooker 16 is possible there.
Sl. 9 prikazuje razporeditev temnih sevalnikov 25 na izolacijskem nosilcu 24, ki ima na mestih, na katerih sta nameščena svetli sevalnik 20 in temperaturno tipalo 18 temperaturnega omejilnika, poglobitve, ki vsebujejo prav tako temne sevalnike, tako da potekajo ti pod svetlimi sevalniki in temperaturnim tipalom, vendar pri tem zmanjšujejo vgradbeno višino.FIG. 9 shows the arrangement of the dark emitters 25 on an insulating support 24 having, at places where the light emitter 20 and the temperature limiter 18 of the temperature limiter are mounted, recesses also containing dark emitters such that they pass under the light emitters and the temperature sensor, however, they reduce the mounting height.
Sl. 10 in 11 prikazujeta razporeditev, pri kateri je grelna cona 27 temnih sevalnikov obročasto obdana od grelne cone 28 svetlih sevalnikov. Pri tej izvedbi je svetli sevalnik 20a oblikovan kot v obliki meandra potekajoč trak ali žica iz uporovnega gradiva na osnovi molibden-disilicida,ki je nameščen v osnovni obliki črtkano-pikčasto nakazane obročaste grelne cone 28 iz svetlih sevalnikov.FIG. 10 and 11 show the arrangement in which the heating zone of the 27 dark radiators is annularly surrounded by the heating zone of 28 bright radiators. In this embodiment, the light emitter 20a is formed as a meander-shaped strip or wire of molybdenum disilicide-based resistive material, which is mounted in the basic form of a dotted-dotted annular heating zone 28 from light emitters.
Grelni element 25 iz temnih sevalnikov, ki zaseda grelno cono 27 iz temnih sevalnikov, je s srednjim odcepom 33 razdeljen v dva grelna upora 34,35. Središčnemu odcepu je predpriključen svetli sevalnik 20a, ki leži s svojim drugim polom na priključku 36 predpriključenega stikala 37, medtem ko je grelni upor 35 povezan z drugim polom 33 predpriključnega stikala in je grelni upor 34 priključen preko temperaturnega omejilnika 17 na izhodni pol 39 priprave za krmiljenje moči 40. Priprava za krmiljenje močiThe heating element 25 from the dark radiators occupying the heating zone 27 from the dark radiators is divided into two heating resistors 34,35 by a middle branch 33. A central radiator is pre-connected to a bright radiator 20a, which lies with its second pole at terminal 36 of pre-connected switch 37, while the heating resistor 35 is connected to the second terminal 33 of the pre-switch and the heating resistor 34 is connected via a temperature limiter 17 to the output pole 39 of the device for power control 40. Preparation for power control
40 je prikazana kot v taktu delujoča, termično upravljana priprava za krmiljenje moči z nastavitvenim gumbom 41 in nastavitveno gredj 42 in vsebuje stikalo 43, prednostno preskočno stikalo, ki je upravljano od bimetala 44, ki je ogrevan s krmilnim ogrevanjem 45. Krmilno ogrevanje leži vzporedno h grelnim uporom sevalnega grelnika 11 in se vklaplja in izklaplja skupaj z njim. Sproščena moč, to je prispevek relativnega vklopnega trajanja stikala 43, je določena preko nastavitvenega gumba 41 in nastavitvene gredi 42, ki npr. s prestavitvijo položaja bimetala glede na stikalo 43 brez stopenjsko določa trenutek in trajanje vklopa. Na strani upravljanja je na pripravo za krmiljenje moči 40 posajeno predpriključno stikalo 37, ki vsebuje dva od nastavitvene gredi 42 energetskega regulatorja upravljana stikalna kontakta 46,47, ki lahko priklopita en pol 48 gospodinjskega omrežja med prikazanim položajem, v katerem je kontaktiran priključek 38, na položaj, v katerem je priključek 36 povezan s polom 48. V tem položaju povezuje kontakt 46 vodniško vejo 49, ki je odcepljena od vodniške veje 50 in poteka med grelnim uporom 34 in temperaturnim omejilnikom 17 s kontaktom 38.40 is shown as a clock-working, thermally controlled power steering device with adjusting knob 41 and adjusting shaft 42 and comprising switch 43, preferably a skip switch operated from bimetal 44 heated by control heating 45. The control heating lies in parallel to the radiator heater resistances 11 and on and off with it. The power released, that is, the contribution of the relative switching duration of switch 43, is determined by the adjusting knob 41 and the adjusting shaft 42, which e.g. By adjusting the position of the bimetal relative to the switch 43, it defines the moment and the duration of the switching step by step. On the control side, a power switch 40 is mounted on the power control device 40, which comprises two of the control shaft 42 of the energy regulator controlled switch contacts 46,47, which can connect one pole 48 of the household network during the displayed position in which terminal 38 is contacted. to the position in which terminal 36 is connected to pole 48. In this position it connects contact 46 to conductor branch 49, which is split off from conductor branch 50 and runs between the heating resistor 34 and the temperature limiter 17 to contact 38.
S tem je možen naslednji način delovanja: Pri vklopu naprave za krmiljenje moči na polno moč (100 % ED - relativno trajanje vklopa) se z ustrezno nastavitvijo preko nastavitvene gredi 42 sklene taktno stikalo 43 naprave za krmiljenje moči in se ne odpre tudi pri segretju bimetala 44 s krmilnim ogrevanjem 45. Kontakt 47 predpriključnega stikala 37 priključi svetli sevalnik 20a na pol 48 gospodinjskega omrežja, medtem ko je drugi pol 51 gospodinjskega omrežja priključen preko sklenjenega stikala 43 in potem sklenjenega stikala temperaturnega omejilnika 17 kakor tudi premostitvenega kontakta 46, vodnika 49 in priključka 38 na oba grelna upora 34,35 temnega sevalnika, ki sta po drugi strani preko središčnega odcepa 33 priključena na svetli sevalnik 22a. V tem položaju sta torej oba konvencionalna grelna upora 34,35 priključena medsebojno vzporedno, vendar skupaj zaporedno s svetlim sevalnikom 20. Svetli sevalnik ima v mrzlem stanju zelo majhno upornost, tako da sta grelna upora 34,35 uporabljena kot predupora in ohranjata vklopni tok nizek. Z naraščajočo temperaturo svetlega sevalnika 20a naraste njegov upor in delež upora konvencionalnih grelnih uporov 34,35 bo nižji. Tako poteka torej ogrevanje obeh grelnih con 27,28, vendar s prevlado na coni 28 svetlih sevalnikov, ki uporabniku prikazuje, da poteka v objetem krožnem področju hitro ogrevanje.This enables the following operating mode: When the power steering is turned on at full power (100% ED - relative switching time), the tact switch 43 of the power steering device is closed via the adjusting shaft 42 and does not even open when the bimetal is heated. 44 with control heating 45. Contact 47 of pre-switch 37 connects the light emitter 20a to pole 48 of the household network, while the second pole 51 of the household network is connected via a closed switch 43 and then a closed switch of temperature limiter 17 as well as bypass contact 46, conductor 49 and terminals 38 to both heating resistors 34.35 of the dark emitter, which, on the other hand, are connected to the bright emitter 22a via a center turn 33. In this position, therefore, both conventional heating resistors 34.35 are connected in parallel, but in series with the light emitter 20. The light emitter has a very low resistance in the cold state, so that the heat resistors 34.35 are used as impedances and keep the switching current low . As the temperature of the bright emitter 20a increases, its resistance increases and the resistance ratio of conventional heating resistors 34.35 will be lower. Thus, both heating zones 27,28 are heated, but with the dominance of the zone of 28 light emitters, which shows the user that rapid heating is taking place in the circular area covered.
Če se ta vklop ohrani, tako se lahko, preden nastopi pregrevanje plošče steklene keramike, celotna moč odklopi s temperaturnim omejilnikom 17.If this activation is maintained, then all the power can be disconnected with the temperature limiter 17 before the glass ceramic plate overheats.
Če se preklopi na nižjo grelno stopnjo, ki se lahko prične že pri 100 % ali npr. šele pri 70 % ED, potem se avtomatično v predpriklopnem stikalu 37 prestavi kontakt s priključka 36 na 38 in kontakt 46 se razklene. S tem se svetli sevalnik 20 izklopi in oba grelna upora 34,35 se postavita v vrsto. Pri tem položaju z nižjo močjo sta napajana v taktu in oskrbovana z močjo, pri čemer sprošča nastavitev moči na 100 % samo 70 % celotne moči, ker ležijo zaporedno. S tem je možno, da se naravnava posebno nizke vrednosti moči ponovljivo do velikostnega reda 4 %.If it switches to a lower heating level, which can start at 100% or e.g. only at 70% ED, then the contact from terminal 36 to 38 is automatically shifted in pre-switch 37 and contact 46 is released. This switches the light emitter 20 off and the two 34.35 heating resistors in a row. In this lower power position, they are clocked and supplied with power, releasing the power setting to 100% only 70% of the total power as they lie in series. This makes it possible to adjust the particularly low power value to a repeatable size of 4%.
Sl. 12 prikazuje vezje, pri katerem ima sevalni grelnik 11 svetli sevalnik 20 in temni sevalnik 25. Oba sta enostransko pri ključena preko temperaturnega omejilnika 17 in stikala krmilne naprave za moč 40, ki ustreza tisti s sl. 11, na pol omrežja 51.FIG. 12 shows a circuit in which the radiant heater 11 has a light emitter 20 and a dark emitter 25. Both are unilaterally locked via a temperature limiter 17 and a power control switch 40 corresponding to that of FIG. 11, halfway through the network 51.
Drugi priključek svetlega sevalnika 20 je priključen na kontakt 36a predpriključnega stikala 37a, ki je po namestitvi in upravljanju enako predpriključnemu stikalu 37 po sl. 11, ki pa uporablja samo en stikalni kontakt 47a, ki je priključen na pol omrežja 48 in drugo stran temnega sevalnika 25. Pri tej izvedbeni obliki se v fazi pričetka kuhanja, to je pri močnostnem regulatorju 40, priključenem na trajno delovanje, vključi svetli sevalnik 20 vzporedno h konvencionalnemu grelnemu uporu 25 in oba sta nadzorovana skupno od temperaturnega omejilnika 17. Pri nastavitvi moči pod nastavitvijo najvišje moči se odpre kontakt 47a in temni sevalnik 25 je sam krmiljen v taktu od priprave za krmiljenje moči. Pri izvedbeni obliki po sl. 15 je pri enaki izvedbi sevalnega grelnika z uporoma 20,25 vezje v predpriključenem stikalu 37a izvedeno tako, da preklopi pol omrežja 48 od kontakta 36a h kontaktu 38a in da priključi na omrežje s tem ali samo svetli sevalnik 20 ali temni sevalnik 25, pri čemer je tudi tam napajanje v taktu, to je delna moč dovajana samo od temnega sevalnika 25. Pri izvedbenih oblikah po sl. 11, 12 in 15 je svetli sevalnik priključen torej samo pri obratovanju pri polni moči oz. pri pričetku kuhanja oz. pečenja in delna moč je dovajana od temnih sevalnikov. S tem svetlega sevalnika z njegovim visokim vklopnim tokom ni treba napajati v taktu, kar bi lahko po drugi strani zmedlo upravljalca.The second light emitter connector 20 is connected to contact 36a of pre-switch 37a, which after installation and operation is identical to pre-switch 37 according to FIG. 11, which uses only one switch contact 47a, which is connected to the pole 48 and the other side of the dark emitter 25. In this embodiment, a light emitter is switched on at the start-up phase, that is, with the power regulator 40 connected to continuous operation. 20 in parallel to the conventional heating resistor 25 and both are controlled jointly by the temperature limiter 17. When setting the power below the maximum power setting, contact 47a opens and the dark emitter 25 is self-controlled in tact from the power control device. In the embodiment of FIG. 15, in the same embodiment of the radiator heater with resistors 20,25, the circuit in pre-connected switch 37a is made by switching the pole of the network 48 from the contact 36a to the contact 38a and connecting to the network therewith or only a light emitter 20 or a dark emitter 25, wherein there is also a power supply in tact, that is, the partial power is supplied only from the dark emitter 25. In the embodiments of FIG. 11, 12 and 15, therefore, the light emitter is connected only when operating at full power or. at the beginning of cooking or baking and partial power are supplied by dark radiators. This does not require the light emitter with its high switching current to be clocked, which in turn may confuse the operator.
Izvedbena oblika po sl. 13 ima enako pripravo za krmiljenje moči 40 s predpriključenim stikalom 37a kot sl. 12 in je z eno izjemo tudi enako vezana. Temni sevalnik 25 je razdeljen v sevalnem grelniku v dva delna upora 34,35, od katerih je eden priključen med polom omrežja 48 in vejo 50, ki prihaja od pola omrežja 51 preko stikala za takt moči 43 in temperaturnega omejilnika 17, medtem ko je drugi priključen med pol omrežja 48 in svetli sevalnik 20, med katerima pa vodi povezovalni vodnik h kontaktu 36a. Tu pri polni nastavitvi moči (kontakt 47a je sklenjen) obratujeta svetli sevalnik 20 in del grelnega upora 34 vzporedno, medtem ko je pri nastavitvi delne moči (kontakt 47a je odprt) svetlemu sevalniku 20 predprikl jučen delni upor 35, tako da se svetli sevalnik v svoji moči in s svetlobnim efektom dušeno vključuje v istem taktu.The embodiment of FIG. 13 has the same power control device 40 with pre-connected switch 37a as FIG. 12 and is, with one exception, equally tied. The dark emitter 25 is divided in the radiator into two partial resistors 34,35, one of which is connected between the pole of the network 48 and the branch 50 coming from the pole of the network 51 via a power switch 43 and a temperature limiter 17, while the other connected between the pole of the network 48 and the illuminating emitter 20, between which a connecting conductor leads to contact 36a. Here, at full power setting (contact 47a is closed), the light emitter 20 and part of the heating resistor 34 are operated in parallel, while in the setting of partial power (contact 47a is open) the light emitter 20 is pre-coupled with a partial resistor 35, so that the light emitter in with its power and with light effect it stifles in the same tact.
S tem se po eni strani štedi svetli sevalnik in se s taktiranjem manj obremenjuje ter se po drugi strani svetlobni učinek, ki povzroča zmedo, duši.This, on the one hand, saves the light emitter and reduces the load by clocking and, on the other, confuses the light effect, which dampens.
Tudi sl. 14 ima enako pripravo za krmiljenje moči 40 s predpriključenim stikalom 37a in sevalni grelnik 11 ima en sam svetli sevalnik 20 (oziroma več vzporedno ali zaporedno vezanih svetlih sevalnikov, ki pa so vezani skupaj) in temni sevalnik 25, za katerega velja isto. Vezana sta tako, da sta pri odprtem kontaktu 47a in sklenjenem taktnem stikalu 43 in temperaturnem omejilniku 17 vezana zaporedno, tako da je temni sevalnik 25 uporabljen kot predupor za svetli sevalnik 20. To je stopnja z delno močjo, v kateri je, kot pri sl. 13, svetli sevalnik v moči in svetlobnem učinku dušen, medtem ko obratuje pri sklenjenem kontaktu 47a, to je za pričetek kuhanja v stopnji polne moči, svetli sevalnik 20 sam s polno močjo.FIG. 14 has the same power control device 40 with pre-connected switch 37a, and the radiator heater 11 has a single light emitter 20 (or several light emitters in parallel or in series, which are tied together) and a dark emitter 25 to which the same applies. They are bound so that when the contact 47a is open and the tact switch 43 and the temperature limiter 17 are closed in series, so that the dark emitter 25 is used as a pre-emptor for the light emitter 20. This is the degree of partial power in which, as in Fig. . 13, the light emitter in the power and light effect suffocates while operating at the closed contact 47a, that is, to start cooking at full power, the light emitter 20 alone with full power.
Vidi se, da se lahko posebno v sl. 12 do 15 uporablja vsakokrat isti krmilni element, ki sestoji iz priprave za krmiljenje moči 40 in predpriključenega stikala 37a, za kar najbolj različna vezja, tako da z isto krmilno pripravo ne obratujejo samo različne kombinacije svetlih in temnih sevalnikov, temveč tudi druge kuhalne priprave, npr. lite kuhalne plošče ali konvencionalni sevalniki s stopnjo pričetka kuhanja. Zaradi kompatibilnosti različnih variant kuhalnih priprav in možnosti sistema sestavljanke med krmilnimi pripravami in kuhalnimi ploščami je to pomembno. Pri večini variant so potrebni med krmilno pripravo in kuhalno ploščo 11 samo trije priključki in uporablja se sevalni grelnik, ki mora skrbeti samo za del moči kot svetli sevalnik, ne da bi se bilo treba odreči na učinek svetlega sevalnika pojave svetlobe in hitrega časa segretja ter majhnega dodatnega dovajanja energije pri odklopu. Večina priprav (posebno sl. 12 in 13) omogoča poenostavljeno 3θ0 volt-izvedbo in se lahko izvedejo z nizko gradbeno višino.It can be seen that in particular in FIG. 12 to 15 each use the same control element consisting of a power control device 40 and a pre-connected switch 37a for as many different circuits as possible, so that not only different combinations of light and dark radiators but also other cooking appliances operate with the same control device, e.g. lite hobs or conventional radiators with a cooking start rate. Due to the compatibility of the different cooking options and the possibility of a puzzle system between the controls and the hobs, this is important. In most variants, only three connections are required between the control unit and the hob 11, and a radiant heater is used, which must take care of only a portion of the power as a light emitter without sacrificing the effect of a bright emitter and a fast heating time, and small additional power supply when disconnected. Most devices (especially Figs. 12 and 13) provide a simplified 3θ0 volt design and can be performed with low construction height.
Sl. 16 in 17 prikazujeta dve vrsti izvedbe sevalnih grelnikov, ki ima vsakokrat štiri grelne upore in se vključuje s samim po sebi znanim, neprikazanim sedemtaktnim stikalom, ki je povezan s sevalnim grelnikom preko štirih priključnih vodnikov.FIG. 16 and 17 show two types of radiation heater arrangement, each having four heating resistors, and which is activated by a self-known, non-displayed seven-stroke switch connected to the radiation heater via four connection leads.
Črki a do f za posamične delne slike označujejo stikalne stopnje od polne moči (a) do najmanjše delne moči (f). Predvidena moč vsakega grelnega upora v vatih je podana vsakokrat pri delni sliki a in iz vezja izhajajoča skupna moč poleg slike. Na to se izrecno sklicujemo. Vsakokrat v obratovanju nahajajoči se grelni upori so označeni s šrafiranjem, pri čemer je s širino šrafiranja nakazano, če obratujejo zaradi zaporedne vezave z zmanjšano močjo.The letters a through f for individual partial images indicate the switching stages from full power (a) to minimum partial power (f). The predicted power of each heating resistor in watts is given each time by the partial figure a and the total power output from the circuit in addition to the figure. We explicitly refer to this. The heating resistors that are in operation each time are marked with a screwdriver, and the width of the screwdriver is indicated if they are operated due to the series connection with reduced power.
V sl. 16 je predviden samo en temni sevalnik 25 in trije svetli sevalniki 20. Pri polni moči (a) so v obratovanji vsi v vzporedni vezavi, medtem ko so v stopnjah b, c in d v obratovanju vsakokrat trije, dva oziroma en svetli sevalnik s svojo predvideno močjo. Pri stopnji e je dvema vzporedno vezanima svetlima sevalnika zaporedno priključen en svetli sevalnik, medtem ko je pri najnižjem položaju f tega vezja e zaporedno predpriključen še temni sevalnik 25. Tu je podana prednost, da je v vseh položajih v obratovanju najmanj en svetli sevalnik in da lahko upravljalec iz konfiguracije in svetlobe intenzitete odbere močnostno stopnjo.In FIG. 16 provides only one dark emitter 25 and three light emitters 20. At full power (a), all are in parallel connected in operation, while in stages b, c and dv there are three, two and one light emitters each with their intended power. At stage e, two bright emitters are connected in series to two parallel illuminator lights, while at the lowest position f of this circuit e a dark emitter is connected in series 25. This gives priority to having at least one bright emitter in all operating positions and that the operator can select the power level from the configuration and intensity light.
Razen tega se lahko uporablja običajno sedemtaktno stikalo, kot je komercialno dosegljivo tudi za druge kuhalne plošče.In addition, a standard seven-stroke switch can be used, as commercially available for other hobs.
Sl. 17 uporablja enako sedemtaktno stikalo v enakih stikalnih stopnjah, ki so razvidne tudi iz vsakokrat polno risanih priključnih koncev. Različnost je v tem, da sta uporabljena samo dva svetla sevalnika 20 in za temni sevalnik 25 dva delna upora 34,35. Dodatno je predvidena dioda 55, ki je v položajih a do e premoščena s stikalom 56. To vezje deluje ustrezno v sl. 16 z razliko, da v močnostni stopnji d ni vključen nobeden od svetlih sevalnikov, temveč samo konvencionalen grelni upor 34. Glede na sl. 16 je treba nadomestiti samo enega od svetlih sevalnikov 20 z uporom 34. V najnižjem položaju f je stikalo 56 razklenjeno in dioda 55 deli moč še enkrat na pol, tako da znaša najnižja stopnja s 93 vati samo približno 5 % celotne instalirane moči in je s tem možna stopnja za ohranjanje toplote.FIG. 17 uses the same seven-stroke switch at the same switching stages, which are also apparent from the fully-fledged terminals. The difference is that only two light emitters 20 are used and for the dark emitter 25 two partial resistors 34.35. In addition, a diode 55 is provided which is bridged by switch 56 in positions a through e. This circuit operates accordingly in FIG. 16 except that none of the light emitters is included in power stage d, but only a conventional heating resistor 34. According to FIG. 16, only one of the light emitters 20 must be replaced by a resistor 34. In the lowest position f, switch 56 is unlocked and diode 55 halves the power once more, so that the minimum 93 watts rate is only about 5% of the total installed power, and s thus a possible degree of heat retention.
Če ne gre za to, da se uporablja komercialno običajno sedemtaktno stikalo, potem se lahko tudi pri konfiguraciji po sl. 17 ustvari izvedba s petimi neodvisno vključujočimi priključki, pri kateri je dioda odvečna, ker se lahko potem z zaporedno vezavo vseh štirih sevalnikov proizvaja zelo nizka moč. Tam bi odpadel tudi temen” položaj d. Dejstvo, da se dodatno k svetlim sevalnikom uporabljajo tudi temni sevalniki, ne dovede samo do prihranka na dragih svetlih sevalnikih in izboljšane možnosti regulacije, temveč skrbi tudi za to, da svetlobni pojav zaradi svetlih sevalnikov ni preveč močen in da so, posebno pri v taktu danih močeh, sunki moči pri svojem učinku na snov, ki se kuha, nekoliko dušeni, kar bi bilo zaradi majhnega naknadnega dovajanja toplote pri svetlobnih sevalnikih v drugem primeru moteče.If the commercial conventional seven-stroke switch is not used, then the configuration of FIG. 17 creates a design with five independently-inclusive terminals, in which the diode is redundant, because then the low-power output of all four radiators can then be produced. There would also be a "dark" position d. The fact that dark radiators are used in addition to light emitters not only save on expensive light emitters and improved controllability, but also ensures that light emitters are not too strong due to light emitters and, especially in tact given power, the power surges are somewhat damped in their effect on the substance being cooked, which would be disruptive in the second case due to the small subsequent heat supply to the light emitters.
Sl. 18 in 19 prikazujeta sevalni grelnik 11 prej opisane vrste z dvema drug proti drugemu vzporednima svetlima sevalnikoma 20, ki sta nameščena v medsebojni razdalji približno polovice premera sevalnega grelnika in vsebujeta med seboj v preostalem segmentu kroga temna sevalnika 25. Ravne cevi svetlega sevalnika potekajo od roba do roba sevalnega grelnika 11. Ravno paličasto temperaturno tipalo 18 temperaturnega omejilnika 17 poteka približno središčno med svetlimi sevalniki 20 in vzporedno k tem preko središčne grelne cone temnih sevalnikov 27.FIG. 18 and 19 show a radiator heater 11 of the type described above with two parallel illuminators 20 in position, spaced about half the diameter of the radiator heater, and containing each other in the remaining segment of the dark radiator circle 25. The straight tubes of the bright radiator extend from the edge to the edge of the radiator heater 11. The straight rod temperature sensor 18 of the temperature limiter 17 runs approximately centrally between the light emitters 20 and parallel to it through the central heating zone of the dark emitters 27.
Za temperaturno regulacijo je razen roba sevalnega grelnika nameščeno temperaturno tipalo 60 v obliki ploske tipalne doze, napolnjene z razteznostno tekočino. Pritisnjeno je preko prožne zaskočne mehanike 61 in v njej se nahajajoče tlačne vzmeti ob spodnjo stran preko roba grelnika 22 segajočega odseka 63 iz pločevine sestoječega elementa za prenos toplote 64. Ta je nataknjen s pomočjo natične pritrditve 65, ki sestoji iz zapognjenih pločevinastih jezikov, na zgornji rob pločevinaste skodele 12 in sega med robom 22 in spodnjo stranjo kuhalne ploskve 15 skozi v ogrevano področje 23, katerega delno prekriva v lečastem, na rob mejočem področju 66. Razporeditev izboklin 67 skrbi tam za povečano trdnost. V notranjem področju 66 in področju roba 22 nalega element za prenos toplote plosko na kuhalno ploščo in je ogrevan od spodaj od sevanja temnih sevalnikov, v katerem leži, na enak način kot kuhalna ploskev 15, dobiva pa tudi določen, vendar zelo omejen delež sevanja od svetlih sevalnikov, tako da dobi v prvi vrsti za temperaturno regulacijo važno temperaturo temnih sevalnikov ter določen povratni učinek od kuhalne ploskve in od kuhalne posode. Temperaturno tipalo leži v zunanjem področju zaščiteno pred visoko temperaturo in ima kljub temu preko elementa za prenos toplote dober pristop. Prednostno sestoji element za prenos toplote iz železne pločevine, ki je na strani, obrnjeni proti kuhalni ploskvi, platirana s približno enako močno plastjo aluminija in vsebuje na nasproti ležeči strani zelo tanko aluminijevo platiranje. Zaradi nadaljnjih podrobnosti te razporeditve tipala se izrecno sklicujemo na drugo objavo evropskega patenta 00 21 107 in na nemški uporabnostni vzorec 81 09 131 (= britanska prva objava 20 95 834).For temperature control, in addition to the edge of the radiator heater, a temperature sensor 60 is mounted in the form of a flat touch probe filled with expansion fluid. It is pressed through a flexible latching mechanism 61 and therein is a pressure spring located on the underside over the edge of the heater 22 of the extending section 63 of the sheet of the conveying heat transfer element 64. This is mounted by means of a socket attachment 65 consisting of bent sheet metal tongues, at the upper edge of the can 12 and extends between the edge 22 and the underside of the hob 15 through a heated area 23, partially overlapping it in a lenticular, marginal region 66. The arrangement of the projections 67 provides increased strength there. In the inner region 66 and the edge region 22, the heat transfer element is placed flat on the hob and is heated from below by the radiation of the dark radiators in which it lies, in the same way as the hob 15, but also receives a certain but very limited fraction of radiation from of light emitters, so that, in the first place, the temperature of the dark emitters is important for temperature control and a certain feedback effect from the hob and from the hob. The temperature sensor is located in the outer area protected from high temperature and nevertheless has a good access through the heat transfer element. Preferably, the heat transfer element consists of a sheet of iron, which is on the side facing the cooking surface, clad with about the same strong aluminum layer and contains a very thin aluminum cladding on the opposite side. For further details of this sensor arrangement, we refer expressly to the second publication of European patent 00 21 107 and to the German utility model 81 09 131 (= British first publication 20 95 834).
Sl. 18 kaže nadalje preko kapilarne cevi 68 na temperaturno tipalo 60 priključen temperaturni regulator 69, katerega vezje in funkcija bosta pojasnjena na osnovi sl. 20,FIG. 18 shows a temperature controller 69 connected via a capillary tube 68 to a temperature sensor 60, the circuit and function of which will be explained on the basis of FIG. 20,
- 23 pri čemer se glede nadaljnjih podrobnosti izrecno sklicujemo na nemško tretjo objavo 28 50 389 (= britanska druga objava 20 40 574). Temperaturni regulator 69 vsebuje na kapilarno cev 68 priključeno razteznostno dozo 70, na katero je dodatno priključen razteznostni prostor 71, ki je nameščen v zračenem prostoru vzporedno k ohišju regulatorja in je ogrevan od krmilnega ogrevanja 73. Dvojno preskočno stikalo 72 (ali dve vzporedni preskočni stikali) je upravljano od razteznostne doze pod istočasnim vplivom z nastavitvenim vijačnim vretenom 74. Predpriključna stikalna enota 75, ki je mehansko nasajena na temperaturni regulator 69 in skozi katero sega in jo upravlja nastavitvena gred 74, vsebuje mehansko dodatno stikalo 76, ki je sklenjeno samo pri nastavitvi najvišje regulacijske temperature oz. v njenem področju. To dodatno priklaplja oba svetla sevalnika 20, ki se potem prav tako kot temni sevalniki 25, na katere ne vpliva dodatno stikalo 76, vključujejo in izključujejo temperaturno regulirano v taktu s kontaktom 77. Drugi kontakt 78 temperaturnega regulatorja priklaplja krmilno ogrevanje in sicer šele pri temperaturni vrednosti, ki leži v bližini, vendar pod regulacijsko temperaturo, vendar vsakokrat samo skupaj s temnim sevalnikom. S tem nastane v taktu delujoč temperaturni regulator, katerega delovanje v taktu pa je med fazo ogrevanja izključeno in se priklopi šele v področju nazivne temperature in sicer kratko pred doseženjem te temperature avtomatsko z razteznostnim členom 70 Ogrevanje poteka torej tako hitro kot pri ne v taktu delujočem temperaturnem regulatorju, pri čemer dopušča podan temperaturni regulator zaradi svojega delovanja v taktu med obratovanjem bistveno manjša odstopanja od nazivne temperature. Regulator je- 23, with reference to further details, referring explicitly to German third publication 28 50 389 (= British second publication 20 40 574). The temperature controller 69 includes an expansion box 70 connected to the capillary tube 68 to which an expansion space 71 is further connected, which is mounted in the air space parallel to the controller housing and is heated by the control heating 73. Double skip switch 72 (or two parallel skip switches) ) is operated from the expansion dose under simultaneous influence with the adjusting screw spindle 74. The pre-switching unit 75, which is mechanically mounted on the temperature controller 69 and through which the adjusting shaft 74 extends and is operated, contains a mechanical auxiliary switch 76, which is closed only at setting the maximum control temperature or. in her field. This further plugs in the two light emitters 20, which then, like the dark emitters 25, which are not affected by the additional switch 76, are switched on and off at a temperature controlled by contact 77. The second contact 78 of the temperature controller connects control heating only at temperature values close to but below the control temperature, but each time only with a dark emitter. This creates a clock-working temperature controller whose operation during the stroke is switched off during the heating phase and is only connected to the rated temperature, shortly before reaching that temperature automatically with the expansion member 70. allowing the specified temperature controller to deviate substantially from the nominal temperature due to its operation in clock speed. It's a regulator
- 24 zato posebno primeren za plošče iz steklene keramike in posebno v zvezi z opisano namestitvijo temperaturnega tipala.- 24 is therefore particularly suitable for glass ceramic panels and especially for the described installation of the temperature sensor.
Temperaturni omejilnik 17 je pri prikazanem primeru vključen v skupen dovod vseh grelnikov in lahko zato te skupno odklopi.In the example shown, the temperature limiter 17 is included in the common supply of all the heaters and can therefore disconnect the total supply.
Prej opisana razporeditev temperaturnega tipala in v nadaljnjem pojasnjena namestitev svetlih sevalnikov se ne more uporabiti s prednostjo samo pri sevalnih grelnikih s kombinacijo svetlih in temnih sevalnikov, temveč tudi pri sevalnih grelnikih, ki vsebujejo samo svetle sevalnike.The arrangement of the temperature sensor described above and the installation of the light emitters described below cannot be used with priority only for radiant heaters with a combination of light and dark emitters, but also for radiant heaters containing only light emitters.
Sl. 21 do 23 prikazujejo sevalni grelnik 11, ki je nameščen pod kuhalno ploskvijo 15, sestoječo iz steklene keramike. Ta ogreva kuhalno ploskev 15 od spodaj in tvori s tem kuhalno mesto, na katerem se lahko segrevajo kuhalne posode.FIG. 21 to 23 show a radiant heater 11, which is located below the cooking surface 15, consisting of glass ceramics. This heats the hob 15 from below and thus forms a hob where the hobs can be heated.
Sevalni grelnik 11 vsebuje izolacijski nosilec 24, ki je izoblikovan skledasto in leži v pločevinasti skodeli. Na robu 22 izolacijskega nosilca, ki je visokotemperaturno obstojen in sestoji iz relativno dobro izolirajočega gradiva, je nameščena prekrivna zaslonka 114 v obliki obroča iz glede na izolacijski nosilec 24 gostejšega in bolj čvrstega, vendar prav tako temperaturno obstojnega in izolirajočega gradiva, ki s svojim notranjim vogalom nekoliko štrli navznoter preko notranjega vogala 80 roba 22. Prekrivna zaslonka nalega s svojo zgornjo ploskvijo na spodnjo kuhalne ploskve 15 in je običajno pritisnjena ob njo z vzmetno silo, ki deluje na pločevinasto skodelo 12.The radiant heater 11 comprises an insulating support 24, which is shaped in a bowl and lies in a sheet metal cup. On the edge 22 of a high temperature resistant insulating support consisting of relatively well insulated material, a ring shaped shutter 114 is mounted with respect to a denser and more solid, but also temperature resistant and insulating material, with its internal insulating support 24 the corner protrudes slightly inwardly through the inner corner 80 of the edge 22. The overlay aperture rests with its upper face on the lower cooking surface 15 and is typically pressed against it by a spring force acting on the sheet metal cup 12.
- 25 Ker se uporablja za izolacijski nosilec 24 normalno gradivo z visoko termično izolacijsko sposobnostjo, ki pa mehansko ni zelo trdno, bi lahko posebno v robnem področju, ki se pri izdelavi in montaži posebno obremenjuje, prišlo do manjših krušenj v področju nezaščitenega notranjega vogala 80 roba 22, ki bi lahko vodila pri v naslednjem še opisani uporabi svetlosevalnih grelnih elementov 22 do optične slike z natrganim robom, ki bi odstopala od osnovne oblike (posebno krožne oblike) kuhalne ploskve. To je preprečno z ostro omejitvijo roba, posebno pri navznoter štrlečem notranjem vogalu 81. Tudi prodiranje vidnega sevanja skozi poglobitve, izoblikovane v mehkem robu, in s tem pogojeno osvetljevanje izven kuhalne ploskve ležečega področja celotne kuhalne priprave 100 se s tem prepreči. Nadalje ščiti prekrivna zaslonka 114 rob izolacijskega telesa pred drugimi mehanskimi vplivi.- 25 Because normal material with high thermal insulation ability, which is not mechanically very rigid, is used for insulating support 24, special damage may occur in the edge area, which is particularly stressed during production and assembly, in the area of the unprotected inner corner 80 edge 22, which could lead to the use of light-emitting heating elements 22 as described in the following, to an optical image with a torn edge that would deviate from the basic shape (especially the circular shape) of the hob. This is prevented by a sharp limitation of the edge, especially at the inwardly projecting inner corner 81. The penetration of visible radiation through the recesses formed in the soft edge, and thus the conditioned illumination outside the cooking surface of the lying area of the entire cooking device 100, is thereby prevented. It further protects the overlay aperture 114 of the edge of the insulating body against other mechanical influences.
Pri izvedbenem primeru sta predvidena dva svetlosevalna grelna elementa 20, ki se lahko označujeta tudi kot visokotemperaturna sevalna grelnika in ki sestojita iz, kot je bilo že opisano,v kremenčev balon 82 zaprtih visokotemperaturnih grelnih vijačnic 83, ki oddajajo sevanje daleč v vidnem področju in delujejo pri temperaturah daleč iznad 1500 K (približno 1200 °C).In the embodiment, there are provided two light-reflecting heating elements 20, which may also be referred to as high-temperature radiant heaters and consisting of, as described above, a high-temperature closed helix 83 enclosed in a silicon balloon 82, which emits radiation far in sight and operates at temperatures well above 1500 K (approximately 1200 ° C).
Ti imajo obliko razpotegnjenih palic ali sofitov, ki imajo na svojih obeh koncih sploščen odsek 84, iz katerih štrlijo priključni konci 21 in so tam zvarjeni s priključnimi vodniki. V primeru sta nameščena dva svetla sevalnika 20 vzporedno in z medsebojnim razmikom, ki ustreza približno polovičnemu premeru sevalnega grelnika. Med njimi in med robom 22 izoblikovano področje krožnih odsekov v notranjosti sevalnega grelnika oblikovanegaThese are in the form of extended bars or soffits, which have a flat section 84 at their ends, from which the connecting ends 21 project and protrude there with the connecting leads. In the example, two illuminating radiators 20 are installed in parallel and with a spacing corresponding to about half the diameter of the radiator heater. Between them and between the edges 22 is the formed area of circular sections inside the radiator heater formed
- 26 ogrevanega področja 23 so nameščeni temno sevalni grelni elementi 25, ki sestojijo iz grelnih vijačnic običajnih, za sevalne grelnike uporabljenih uporovnih gradiv, npr. iz legure železo-kromalumini j, ki se lahko uporabijo do temperatur približno 1500 K (1200 °C) brez popolne zaprtosti ali atmosfere zaščitnega plina.- 26 of the heated area 23, dark radiant heating elements 25 are installed, consisting of heating screws of conventional resistive materials used for radiant heaters, e.g. made of iron-chromalumini j alloy, which can be used up to temperatures of approximately 1500 K (1200 ° C) without complete enclosure or a shielding gas atmosphere.
Te grelne vijačnice so nameščene v glavnem spiralno v obliki, prilagojeni obliki vsakokratne grelne cone temnega sevalnika 27 in pričvrščene z delno vložitvijo v gradivo izolacijskega nosilca, npr. ustrezno nemškemu patentnemu spisu 27 29 929. Pod svetlim sevalnikom 20 ima lahko izolacijski nosilec v razmiku od svetlega sevalnika 20 obliko ploskega,v obliki loka omejenega žleba 85, da bi s tem dosegel usmerjeno refleksijo sevanja. Svetli sevalnik in temni sevalniki se vključujejo z izbirnimi stikali, krmiljenji oz. regulacijami moči ali temperature vzporedno, zaporedno ali posamično, pri čemer so svetli sevalniki vključeni posebno v področju pričetka kuhanja oz. v področju višje moči, ker lahko tam prikažejo najbolje svoje prednosti hitrega ogrevanja z relativno nizko inertnostjo.These heating screws are arranged generally helically in a shape adapted to the shape of the respective radiator zone of the dark emitter 27 and secured by partial insertion into the material of the insulating carrier, e.g. 27 29 929. Under the light emitter 20, the insulating support, in the distance from the light emitter 20, may take the form of a flat, curved groove 85, in order to achieve a directional reflection of the radiation. Light emitters and dark emitters are switched on with selector switches, controls or. power or temperature controls in parallel, sequentially or individually, with the light emitters included specifically in the cooking start area. in the higher power range because they can show their best there advantages of rapid heating with relatively low inertia.
Sl. 22 in 23 prikazujeta, da ležijo konci svetlih sevalnikov 20 v robnih izvotlinah 86, ki so prilagojene obliki cevi svetlega sevalnika in se zožujejo proti zunanji odprtini 87, ki je izoblikovana za sprejem sploščenega priključnega konca 84 svetlega sevalnika. Ta sploščen konec stoji tukaj pravokotno, tako da je v robni izvotlini 86,87 svetli sevalnik voden v prečni in vzdolžni smeri. Robna izvotlina je predvidena pri sl. 21 do 23 v robu 22 in je odprta navzgor. Prekrivna zaslonka 81 prekriva odprtino robne izvotline in jo zaslanja s tem v smeri navzgor, tako, da od zgoraj ni vidna. Del končnih odsekov 90 svetlega sevalnika 20, ki zajemajo sploščen odsek 84 in tudi nanj meječ del nezožene cevi svetlega sevalnika, sega deloma in sicer s splošČenim odsekom 84 iz zunanje odprtine 87 in je tam električno priključen. S temi sploščenimi ali plosko stisnjenimi končnimi odseki 84 izstopa iz zunaj sevalnega grelnika ležečega področja 88 kuhalne priprave 100 relativno veliko svetlobe in to bi razsvetlilo notranjost vgradbenega korita iz steklene keramike. Ker to ni samo optično neprivlačno, temveč lahko vodi tudi do nedopustnega segrevanja zunanjega področja 88 ter do termičnega ogrožanja priključnih vodnikov ali stikalnih naprav, je končni odsek in posebno sploščen odsek 84 prevlečen s svetlobo absorbirajočo oz. odbijajočo plastjo 89, ki prekriva posebno tudi končne ploskve 91 odseka 84. Ta plast bi lahko delovala npr. reflektirajoče navznoter in delovala navzven za tukaj prizadeto sevanje črno in bi obstajala v danih pogojih iz dveh druga preko druge nameščenih plasti, npr. naparjene kovinske plasti in preko nje nameščene plasti iz visoko toplotno obstojnega laka, kot se uporablja tudi za barvanje kuhalnih plošč. S plastjo 89 naj bo prevlečeno najmanj področje, ki sega iz zunanje odprtine 87 v prostor 88, prekrita pa so lahko tudi nadaljnja področja končnega odseka 90, da bi se področje robne izvotline 86,87 ščitilo po možnosti pred neposrednim sevanjem. Kot zelo zaželen postranski učinek se lahko s tem zniža temperatura v odseku 84, kar je zelo zaželeno, ker je kritična točka halogenskih sevalnikov temperatura na stisnjenem mestu, skozi katero je voden priključek 21 navzven. Če naraste ta temperatura previsoko, bi bila zaradi oksidacijskih pojavovFIG. 22 and 23 show that the ends of the light emitters 20 lie in the edge bores 86, which are adapted to the shape of the light emitter tube and narrow to the outer opening 87 formed to receive the flattened connecting end 84 of the light emitter. This flattened end stands here at right angles, so that in the marginal cavity 86,87 the light emitter is guided in the transverse and longitudinal directions. The edge outline is provided in FIG. 21 to 23 in edge 22 and is open upward. The overlay aperture 81 covers the opening of the edge cavity and thereby slides it upwards so that it is not visible from above. The part of the end sections 90 of the light emitter 20, comprising the flat section 84 and also the non-intruding tube of the light emitter, adjacent thereto, extends in part with the flat section 84 from the outer opening 87 and is electrically connected there. With these flattened or flat-pressed end sections 84, relatively large amount of light exits from the outside of the radiator heater 88 of the cooking appliance 100 and this would illuminate the interior of the glass-ceramic sink. As this is not only optically unattractive, it can also lead to the unacceptable heating of the outer region 88 and to the thermal compromise of the connecting conductors or switchgear, the end section and the particularly flattened section 84 are coated with light absorbent or light absorbent. reflecting layer 89, which also covers in particular the end faces 91 of section 84. This layer could work e.g. reflecting inwardly and acting outwards for the radiation affected here in black and would exist under given conditions from two layers placed over each other, e.g. deposited metal layers and layers of heat-resistant lacquer mounted over it, also used for painting hotplates. The layer 89 should cover at least an area extending from the outer opening 87 into the space 88, and further areas of the end section 90 may be covered in order to protect the edge-hole region 86,87 preferably from direct radiation. As a very desirable side effect, the temperature in section 84 may be lowered, which is highly desirable because the critical point of the halogen radiators is the temperature at the compressed site through which the conduit connection 21 is externally. If this temperature rises too high, it would be due to oxidation phenomena
- 28 na prevodnem mestu ogrožena tesnost svetilke.- 28 the leakage of the lamp is compromised in the conductive position.
Izvedba po sl. 24 do 26 se ujema s tisto po sl. 21 do 23 razen naslednjih razlik: Prekrivna pločevina 1l4a sestoji iz relativno debelega obroča, ki ima skoraj kvadratičen presek. Tudi ta sega s svojim notranjim vogalom 81 navznoter preko notranjega vogala 80 roba 22 izolacijskega nosilca 24. Robne izvotline za oba končna odseka svetlega sevalnika 20 pa so razdeljene vsakokrat v dva odseka, od katerih leži odsek 86a v področju izolacijskega nosilca 24, medtem ko je nameščen odsek 86b v področju prekrivne zaslonke 114a. Enaka, v glavnem središčna delitev na dva dela velja za zunanjo odprtino 87, za sploščen odsek 84, tako da je z namestitvijo prekrivne zaslonke 1l4a na rob 22 svetli sevalnik 20 zanesljivo pričvrščen. Tudi tukaj štrli sploščen odsek 84 z večjim delom svoje dolžine iz zunanje odprtine 87 navzven. V tem področju se nahaja prekrivanje 92, ki je izoblikovano kot nastavek na prekrivno pločevino 1l4a in deloma obdaja končni odsek z dobrim razmikom navzgor, na obe strani in v področju čelne ploskve. Posebno je pomembno zaslanjanje čelne ploskve 91, ker izstopa tam sevanje posebno intenzivno kot iz svetlobnega vodnika. Robovi 93 prekrivanja 92, ki obdajajo končni odsek 84, segajo pri prikazanem primeru do spodnje ravnine prekrivne zaslonke 1l4a in s tem do središčne ravnine svetlega sevalnika. Ta delilna ravnina pa se lahko tudi glede na svetli sevalnik prestavi nadalje navzgor ali prednostno navzdol, da bi se z robom 93 še nadalje zajelo končni odsek 90. Pomemben je razmik, s katerim je obdan konec svetlega sevalnika, s tem da je od tam možen odvod toplote in je preprečeno pregrevanje konca.The embodiment of FIG. 24 to 26 corresponds to that of FIG. 21 to 23 except for the following differences: The overlay sheet 1l4a consists of a relatively thick ring having an almost square cross-section. Also, this extends with its inner corner 81 through the inner corner 80 of the edge 22 of the insulating carrier 24. The edge bores for the two end sections of the light emitter 20 are each divided into two sections, of which section 86a lies in the area of the insulating carrier 24, while section 86b in aperture region 114a is mounted. The same, mainly central, two-part division applies to the outer aperture 87, to the flattened section 84, so that by mounting the aperture 1l4a to the edge 22, the illuminating radiator 20 is securely fixed. Here, too, a flat section 84 protrudes, with most of its length from the outer opening 87 outwards. In this area there is overlap 92, which is formed as a nozzle on the overlay sheet 1l4a and partly surrounds the end section with a good upward spacing, on both sides and in the area of the front face. The screening of the front surface 91 is particularly important because the radiation there exits is particularly intense than from the light guide. The edges 93 of the overlap 92 surrounding the end section 84 extend in the example shown to the lower plane of the overlay aperture 1l4a and thereby to the center plane of the light emitter. However, this dividing plane can also be moved further upwards or preferably downwards with respect to the bright emitter to further cover the final section 90 with the edge 93. It is important that the spacing at which the end of the bright emitter is surrounded is possible from there. heat dissipation and overheating of the end is prevented.
- 29 Posebno prednostna je kombinacija obeh izvedbenih oblik s prekrivanjem 92 in plastjo 89.- 29 Particularly preferred is the combination of both embodiments with overlay 92 and layer 89.
Pri izdelavi prekrivne zaslonke s prekrivanjem 92 je treba paziti na to, da je posebno prekrivanje 92 v kar največji meri nepropustno za svetlobo, kar se lahko izvede po eni strani s posebno zgostitvijo gradiva, npr. keramičnega vlakna iz aluminijevega dioksida, ki je poznano pod trgovskim imenom Fiberfax, ali pa z ustrenim za svetlobo nepropustnim oplastenjem ali z obema. Ker je zaželena nepropustnost za svetlobo tudi za prekrivno zaslonko, se lahko ta smoter doseže tudi z ustreznim obarvanjem ali izbiro absorbirajočega veziva. Gradivo prekrivne zaslonke naj bi bilo utrjeno z mineralnimi vezivi, da bi se dobilo na notranjem robu natančen, optičen rob kuhalne ploskve določujoč vogal. Z razporeditvijo, pri kateri sega skozi zunanjo odprtino 87 samo sploščen končni odsek, se zasloni velik del izstopajoče svetlobe že v področju robne izvotline 86. Bilo bi pa tudi možno, da lahko štrli navzven celoten sploščen odsek 84, čeprav je z njegovim obseženjem v robno izvotlino možno zanesljivo vodenje halogenske žarnice, tudi proti zasuku, kar je npr. važno potem, kadar ima svetli sevalnik sam reflektirajočo plast na zunanji ali notranji strani svojega balona 82. Prednostno je predvsem tudi, da se z namestitvijo po izumu lahko prihranijo zahtevna končna podnožja. Zaradi sevalnih razmer od končnih odsekov svetlih sevalnikov 90 je pomemben posebno rob 93 prekrivanja 92, ker zadržuje glavni del nezaželenega sevanja. Bilo bi tudi možno, da se oblikuje prekrivanje iz gradiva izolacijskegaWhen constructing an overlay aperture with overlap 92, care must be taken to ensure that the special overlay 92 is as impermeable to light as possible, which can be accomplished, on the one hand, by a special thickening of the material, e.g. ceramic fiber made of aluminum, commonly known as Fiberfax, or with a light-tight coating or both. Since light opacity is also desirable for the overlay aperture, this purpose can also be achieved by appropriate coloration or selection of an absorbent binder. The material of the overlay orifice should be cemented with mineral binders to give a precise, optical edge of the hob to the defining corner. By arranging that only the flattened end portion extends through the outer opening 87, a large portion of the light exiting is already visible in the edge region 86. It would also be possible to project outwards the entire flattened section 84, although by extending it to the edge the possibility of reliable control of the halogen bulb, even against rotation, eg. important when the light emitter itself has a reflective layer on the outside or inside of its balloon 82. It is also advantageous that the installation according to the invention can save demanding end sockets. Due to the radiation conditions from the end sections of the light emitters 90, the edge 93 of the overlap 92 is particularly important because it retains the bulk of unwanted radiation. It would also be possible to create an overlay from the insulating material
- 30 nosilca 24, če se skrbi za ustrezno zgostitev in svetlobno nepropustnost pri zadostnem zračenju konca. Bilo bi pa tudi možno, da se predvidi na obroču in izolacijskem nosilcu prekrivne dele, ki so v npr. v velikosti svojega roba tako različni, da se sicer po višini prekrivajo, vendar puščajo za zračenje med seboj zadostno režo. S tem bi bilo oblikovano labirintu podobno prekrivanje, ki praktično ne dopušča nobenega izstopa svetlobe. V praksi je lahko torej predvideno npr. na izolacijskem nosilcu prekrivanje v osnovni obliki v sl. 25 prikazanega prekrivanja 92, medtem ko je na prekrivni pločevini 114 predvideno prekrivanje izoblikovano posebno s svojim robom večje in sega preko spodaj predvidenega prekrivanja z razmikom.- 30 of the carrier 24, provided that adequate thickening and light impermeability are ensured with sufficient ventilation of the end. However, it would also be possible to provide overlapping parts on the ring and insulating support, which are in e.g. they are so different in size that they overlap, but leave a sufficient gap for ventilation. This would create a labyrinth-like overlay that practically does not allow any light to escape. In practice, therefore, it may be envisaged, e.g. on the insulating support, the overlap in basic form in FIG. 25 shows the overlay 92, while the overlay sheet 114 is provided with a particular overlap formed by its edge and extends beyond the gap provided below.
PATENTNI ZAHTEVKIPATENT APPLICATIONS
1. Sevalni grelnik za kuhalne naprave s kuhalno ploskvijo, izoblikovano posebno kot ploščo iz steklene keramike 15, z najmanj enim električnim svetlosevalnim grelnim elementom 20,20a, ki deluje namembnostno pri zvišani temperaturi nad 1500 K (približno 1200 °C) in katerega spekter sevanja sega občutno v vidno področje, označen s tem, da ima sevalni grelnik (11) razen najmanj enega svetlega sevalnika (20,20a) najmanj eno grelno cono (27) z namembnostno pri temperaturah pod 1500 K (približno 1200 °C) delujočim temno sevalnim grelnim elementom (25), ki se lahko vklopi istočasno in/ali izmenoma s svetlim sevalnikom (20,20a).1. A radiator for cooking appliances with a hob, specially designed as a ceramic glass hob 15, with at least one electric light-emitting heating element 20,20a, operable at a temperature above 1500 K (about 1200 ° C) and having a radiation spectrum extends significantly into the field of vision, characterized in that the radiant heater (11), with the exception of at least one bright radiator (20,20a), has at least one heating zone (27) with a dark radiation operative at temperatures below 1500 K (ca. 1200 ° C). a heating element (25) which can be switched on simultaneously and / or alternately with a bright radiator (20,20a).
2. Sevalni grelnik po zahtevku 1, označen s tem, da sestoji svetli sevalnik (20a) iz uporovnega gradiva na osnovi molibdenovega disilicida (MoSi2).2. A radiant heater according to claim 1, characterized in that the light emitter (20a) consists of a resist material based on molybdenum disilicide (MoSi 2 ).
3. Sevalni grelnik po zahtevku 1 ali 2, označen s tem, da je med obratovanjem svetlega sevalnika (20,20a), predvidenim posebno samo v zgornjem področju moči za pričetek kuhanja in za peko, temu zaporedoma priključen nanjmanj en temni sevalnik (25), medtem ko so prednostno v spodnjem področju moči za nadaljevanje kuhanja vključeni samo temni sevalniki (25), v danih pogojih impulzno ogrevani z v taktu delujočo napravo za krmiljenje moči (40).Radiant heater according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one dark radiator (25) is connected in succession during operation of the light emitter (20,20a), provided especially only in the upper power range for cooking and baking. , whereas, preferably, only the dark radiators (25) are included in the lower power range for continued cooking, the pulse-controlled power control device (40) operating under the conditions under the given conditions.
4. Sevalni grelnik po enem od predhodnih zahtevkov, označen s tem, da sta predvidena dva temna sevalnika (34,35), ki sta predpriključena svetlemu sevalniku (20,20a) v vzporedniRadiant heater according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that two dark emitters (34,35) are provided which are pre-connected to the light emitter (20,20a) in parallel
- 32 vezavi, ki pa sta v področju moči za nadaljevanje kuhanja vključena med seboj zaporedoma.- 32 bindings, which in turn are included in the sequence in the field of power to continue cooking.
5. Sevalni grelnik po enem od predhodnih zahtevkov, označen s tem, da so sevalni grelniki (25) sami nameščeni v središčnem odročju sevalnega grelnika (11), ki je obdan z obroČastim področjem (28), v katerem se nahaja svetli sevalnik (20,20a), pri čemer so prednostno ravno svetli sevalniki (20) nameščeni v mnogokotni obliki okoli temnosevalnih grelnih con (27).Radiant heater according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the radiant heaters (25) are self-contained in the center portion of the radiant heater (11), which is surrounded by a annular region (28) in which the radiant radiator (20) is located. , 20a), preferably with straight light emitters (20) arranged in a polygonal shape around the dark-emitting heating zones (27).
6. Sevalni grelnik po enem od predhodnih zahtevkov, označen s tem, da so med svetlimi sevalniki, ki segajo premočrtno skozi prednostno približno krožno ogrevano področje (23) sevalnega grelnika (11) in sestojijo prednostno iz halogenskih žarnic, nameščene s temnimi sevalniki (25) opremljene grelne cone (27), pri čemer so prednostno svetli sevalniki (20) nameščeni v področju vrzeli (26) ali poglobitev med izolacijskimi nosilci (24), ki nosijo temne sevalnike (25).Radiant heater according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, between the light emitters extending in a straight line through the preferably approximately circularly heated area (23) of the radiator heater (11) and preferably consisting of halogen lamps, they are arranged with dark emitters (25 ) heating zones (27) are provided, preferably with light emitters (20) located in the gap region (26) or recesses between the insulating supports (24) carrying the dark emitters (25).
7. Sevalni grelnik po enem od predhodnih zahtevkov, označen s tem, da so temni sevalniki (25) pričvrščeni z delno vložitvijo na izolacijskih nosilcih (24) trakaste ali ploščaste oblike, ki so nameščeni med svetlimi sevalniki (20) vzporedno k njim.Radiant heater according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dark radiators (25) are secured by partial insertion on strip or plate shaped insulating supports (24), which are arranged in parallel between the bright radiators (20).
8. Sevalni grelnik po-enem od predhodnih zahtevkov, označen s tem, da je palicasto temperaturno tipalo temperaturnega omejilnika (17) nameščeno prednostno vzporedno svetlemu sevalniku (20) poleg tega nad temno sevalno grelno cono (27).8. Heater according to - one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rod-like temperature sensor of the temperature limiter (17) is arranged preferably parallel to the clear sevalniku (20) additionally over the dark radiant heating zone (27).
9. Sevalni grelnik po enem od predhodnih zahtevkov, označen s tem, da temperaturni oraejilnik (17) odklaplja temne sevalnike (25), pri čemer ostajajo svetli sevalniki (20,20a) kot preostala moč.Radiant heater according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the temperature radiator (17) disconnects the dark radiators (25), leaving the bright radiators (20,20a) as residual power.
10. Sevalni grelnik po enem od predhodnih zahtevkov, označen s tem, da je temperaturno stikalo z ustrezno temperaturi pričetka kuhanja naravnano temperaturo in tako veliko stikalno zakasnitvijo, da po enkratnem izklopu med obratovanjem sevalnega grelnika (11) ne vklopi ponovno, vključeno pred svetlim sevalnikom (20,20a).Radiant heater according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the temperature switch with a suitable start cooking temperature is set to a temperature and such a large switch delay that it does not switch on again after switching off the radiator (11) before being switched on before the bright radiator (20,20a).
11. Sevalni grelnik po enem od predhodnih zahtevkov, označen s tem, da je v taktu delujoča priprava za krmiljenje moči (40) opremljena z dodatnim stikalom (37,37a), ki se lahko vključuje ročno preko nastavitvene gredi (42) priprave za krmiljenje moči in ki je prednostno vsebovano v predpriključenem stikalu in vključuje v zgornjem območju moči vsaj en svetli sevalnik, posebno pri nastavitvi moči priprave za krmiljenje moči (40) s 100 % relativnim trajanjem vklopa.Radiant heater according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the power control device (40) in operation is provided with an additional switch (37,37a) which can be manually operated via the adjusting shaft (42) of the control device which is preferably contained in a pre-connected switch and includes at least one bright emitter in the upper power range, especially when adjusting the power of the power steering device (40) with a 100% relative switch-on duration.
12. Sevalni grelnik po enem od predhodnih zahtevkov, označen s tem, da je v srednjem in spodnjem področju moči zaporedna vezava svetlih in temnih sevalnikov (20,25) oskrbovana s pripravo za krmiljenje moči (40) z napetostjo v taktu.Radiant heater according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the middle and lower power ranges, the sequential coupling of light and dark radiators (20,25) is provided with a power control device (40) with a voltage in tact.
13. Sevalni grelnik po enem od predhodnih zahtevkov, označen s tem, da je moč sevalnega grelnika (11) z več svetlimi sevalniki (20) in najmanj enim temnim sevalnikom (25,34,35) v vzporedni, posamični in zaporedni vezavi sevalnikov krmiljena prek večtaktnega vezja, prednostno sedemtaktnega vezja.Radiant heater according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the power of the radiant heater (11) with multiple light emitters (20) and at least one dark emitter (25,34,35) is controlled in parallel, single and sequential binding of the radiators via a multi-stroke circuit, preferably a seven-stroke circuit.
- 34 14. Sevalni grelnik, posebno po enem od predhodnih zahtevkov, označen s tem, da mu je dodeljeno temperaturno tipalo (60) temperaturnega regulatorja (69), ki deluje v taktu z reguliranim relativnim vklopnim trajanjem in je v danih pogojih opremljen s krmilnim ogrevanjem (73), pri čemer temperaturni regulator (69) regulira temne sevalnike (25) in mu je dodeljeno dodatno stikalo (76), prednostno v obliki na temperaturni regulator (69) nasajenega predpriključenega stikala (75), pri Čemer se lahko upravlja skupaj z njegovo nastavitvijo in ki pri ali v področju najvišje regulacijske temperature priključuje svetli sevalnik.34 Radiant heater, in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is assigned a temperature sensor (60) of the temperature controller (69), which operates in a cycle with a regulated relative switching duration and is provided with a control in the given conditions heating (73), wherein the temperature regulator (69) regulates the dark emitters (25) and is assigned an additional switch (76), preferably in the form of a temperature controller (69) of a mounted pre-connected switch (75), which can be operated together by setting it and connecting a bright emitter at or near the highest control temperature.
15. Sevalni grelnik po zahtevku 14, označen s tem, da se lahko vsi svetli sevalniki (20) priključijo z dodatnim stikalom (76), in da se lahko prednostno svetli sevalniki (20) in temni sevalniki (25) v taktu regulirajo z regulacijskim kontaktom (77) temperaturnega regulatorja (69).Radiant heater according to claim 14, characterized in that all the light emitters (20) can be connected with an additional switch (76), and that preferably the light emitters (20) and the dark emitters (25) can be controlled in tact contacts (77) of the temperature controller (69).
16. Sevalni grelnik, posebno po enem od predhodnih zahtevkov, označen s tem, da je temperaturno tipalo (60) opremljeno z elementom za prenos toplote (64) v obliki pločevine, ki v robnem področju sevalnega grelnika (11) prekriva odsek vsaj enega temnega sevalnika (25) in je nameščen med tem in kuhalno ploskvijo (15) z kontaktnom z njo ter da je temperaturno tipalo, izoblikovano prednostno kot tipalna doza (60), napolnjena z razteznostno tekočino, nameščeno izven sevalnega grelnika (11) v toplotnem kontaktu z elementom za prenos toplote (64).Radiant heater, in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the temperature sensor (60) is provided with a sheet-shaped heat transfer element (64) which covers a section of at least one dark in the edge region of the radiant heater (11). the radiator (25), which is positioned between it and the cooking surface (15) with contact with it, and that the temperature sensor, preferably formed as a touch probe (60), is filled with expansion fluid located outside the radiator heater (11) in thermal contact with by the heat transfer element (64).
- 35 17. Sevalni grelnik, posebno po enem od predhodnih zahtevkov, označen s tem, da ima v robnem področju sevalnega grelnika (11) zaslon pred sevanjem (89,92,93,114,1I4a).- 35 17. A radiation heater, in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has a pre-radiation screen (89,92,93,114,1I4a) in the edge region of the radiant heater (11).
18. Sevalni grelnik po zahtevku 17, označen s tem, da zaslanja zaslon pred sevanjem (89,92,93) končne odseke svetlega sevalnika (20) proti področju kuhalne priprave (100), ki leži izven sevalnega grelnika (11).Radiant heater according to claim 17, characterized in that it shields the screen before radiation (89,92,93) of the final sections of the light emitter (20) against the area of the cooking device (100), which lies outside the radiator heater (11).
19. Sevalni grelnik po zahtevku 17 ali 18, označen s tem, da je rob (22) izolacijskega telesa (24) sevalnega grelnika (11) prekrit z zaslonom pred sevanjem, izoblikovanim prednostno kot v glavnem obročasta izolacijska prekrivna zaslonka (114, 1l4a), ki je obrnjen proti kuhalni ploskvi (15), pri čemer sestoji posebno prekrivna zaslonka (1l4,1l4a) iz izolacijskega gradiva z večjo čvrstostjo in v danih pogojih gostoto kot pod njo nameščeno izolacijsko telo (24), da je izdelana iz visoko temperaturno obstojne termične izolacijske mase, opremljene z mineralnimi vezivi in da štrli prednostno na svojem prednostno ostro omejenem notranjem obodu (81) preko ustreznega notranjega oboda (80) roba (22) izolacijskega telesa (24) in ima posebno v primerjavi s širino obroča relativno nizko višino.Radiant heater according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that the edge (22) of the insulating body (24) of the radiant heater (11) is covered by a radiation screen, preferably formed as a substantially annular insulating overlay aperture (114, 1l4a). , facing the cooking surface (15), comprising a particularly overlapping aperture (1l4,1l4a) of higher-strength insulation material and, under the given conditions, a density than the insulating body (24) placed below it to be made of a high temperature-resistant thermal insulation masses equipped with mineral binders and projecting preferably at its preferably sharply circumscribed inner circumference (81) over the corresponding inner circumference (80) of the insulation body (24) and having a relatively low height especially in relation to the ring width.
20. Sevalni grelnik po enem od predhodnih zahtevkov, označen s tem, da je najmanj eden končni odsek svetlosevalnega grelnega elementa (20), ki leži v robni izvotlini, opremljen s plastjo (89), ki tvori zaslanjanje pred sevanjem ter absorbira in/ali reflektira svetlobo, pri čemer je v veliki meri s plastjo prekrita čelna ploskev (91) svetlega sevalnika.Radiant heater according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one end portion of the light-reflecting heating element (20) which lies in the edge cavity is provided with a layer (89) which forms a radiation shielding and absorbs and / or reflects light, largely covering the face of the light emitter (91).
- 36 21. Sevalni grelnik po enem od predhodnih zahtevkov, označen s tem, da je vsaj en končni odsek (90) svetlosevalnega grelnega elementa (20) obdan navzgor ter vsaj deloma stransko in v področju čelne ploskve (91) končnega odseka (90) s prekrivanjem (92), ki se priključuje na robno izvotlino (86,87) in tvori zaslon pred sevanjem, pri čemer je prednostno prekrivanje (92) del termične izolacije (24,114,1I4a) sevalnega grelnika (11), pri čemer so lahko prednostno na prekrivni zaslonki (1l4a) predvideni vsaj deli prekrivanja (92) in lahko prekrivna zaslonka (1l4a) vsebuje vsaj del robne izvotline (86b), pri čemer ima prekrivanje (92), ki prednostno pokriva proti kuhalni ploskvi (15) obrnjen in v danih pogojih tudi del končnega odseka (90) svetlosevalnega grelnega elementa (20), obtočni rob (93) in je v smeri navzdol odprto.Radiant heater according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one end section (90) of the light-reflecting heating element (20) is surrounded upwards and at least partially laterally and in the region of the end face (91) of the end section (90) with an overlay (92) that connects to the edge cavity (86,87) and forms a radiation shield, the overlay (92) being preferably part of the thermal insulation (24,114,1I4a) of the radiator heater (11), at least a portion of the overlap (92) is provided on the overlay diaphragm (1l4a) and the overlapping orifice (1l4a) may comprise at least a portion of the edge bore (86b), the overlay (92) preferably facing the cooking surface (15) facing and in days conditions also part of the end section (90) of the light-emitting heating element (20), the circulating edge (93) and is open downwards.
22. Sevalni grelnik po enem od predhodnih zahtevkov, označen s tem, da je robna izvotlina (86,87) predvidena v robu (22) izolacijskega telesa (24) in je prednostno v smeri navzgor odprta.Radiant heater according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the edge cavity (86,87) is provided in the edge (22) of the insulating body (24) and is preferably open upwards.
23. Sevalni grelnik po enem od predhodnih zahtevkov, označen s tem, da prekrivanje (92) vsaj delno z razmikom obdaja v njej nameščen odsek (84) svetlosevalnega grelnega elementa.Radiant heater according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the overlay (92) surrounds at least a portion of the section of the light-emitting heating element (84) therein.
24. Sevalni grelnik po enem od predhodnih zahtevkov, označen s tem, da sega v preseku zmanjšujoč se, posebno sploščen odsek (84) na koncu svetlosevalnega grelnega elementa skozi ustrezno izoblikovano režasto zunajo odprtino (87) robne izvotline (86).Radiant heater according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cross-sectional, particularly flattened section (84) extends at the end of the reflective heating element through an appropriately shaped slit to open an opening (87) of the edge bore (86).
ZaFor
19356-IX-85-MŠ19356-IX-85-MS
E.G.O. Elektro-GerSte Blanc u. Fischer:E.G.O. Electro-GerSte Blanc u. Fischer:
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3434839 | 1984-09-22 | ||
DE3503648A DE3503648C2 (en) | 1984-09-22 | 1985-02-04 | Radiant heaters for cooking appliances |
YU01483/85A YU148385A (en) | 1984-09-22 | 1985-09-19 | Radiating heater for cooking devices |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
SI8511483A true SI8511483A (en) | 1996-08-31 |
SI8511483B SI8511483B (en) | 1998-06-30 |
Family
ID=27192368
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
SI8511483A SI8511483B (en) | 1984-09-22 | 1985-09-19 | Radiant heater for cooking devices |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
HR (1) | HRP930077A2 (en) |
SI (1) | SI8511483B (en) |
-
1985
- 1985-09-19 SI SI8511483A patent/SI8511483B/en unknown
-
1993
- 1993-02-01 HR HR930077A patent/HRP930077A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
SI8511483B (en) | 1998-06-30 |
HRP930077A2 (en) | 1996-02-29 |
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