SI7912422A8 - Process of seed coating. - Google Patents

Description

Technical field

The invention falls within the field of agriculture, in particular the protection of seeds by coating them with suitable preparations. According to the International Patent Classification, the invention is classified in class A 01 N 21/00.

Technical problem

In agriculture, the coating of plant seeds with different coatings is known to meet specific needs such as ensuring uniformity (for easier mechanical sowing), protection against frost and disease, adapting seeds to different soils, holding germination, etc. Coatings, depending on specific needs, may contain insecticides, fungicides, growth stimulants, / alkaline substances, etc.

The present invention solves the technical problem of a cost-effective process for coating seeds with a new coating. which contains shellac as a binder, optionally in a mixture with coffee wax. Such a bonding agent gives a coating that will have good mechanical resistance and will not be able to be damaged during handling, while at the same time enabling short coating time and cost-effectiveness of the industrial process.

The state of the art

To meet specific needs, the seed is coated with different coatings. For example, the seeds are graphed to be uniform in size to facilitate handling and mechanical sowing. Granulation is particularly useful for small seed and irregular seed. Alternatively, the coating is applied to sons as a means of protection against frost and disease. Such coatings may contain insecticides, fungicides, growth stimulants and similar agents.

- 2 Alkaline substances can be glued to the coatings, especially those which are applied to seeds that are loved by neutral soils but planted in acidic soils. The application of the coating has also been used as a happiness to retain germination, so that coated and uncoated seed of varieties that normally bloom and ripen at different time intervals can be planted at the same time. Both varieties will then bloom at the same time. This technique is useful in hybrid corn production.

Although coating is a relatively simple technique, it still has to meet certain criteria in order to be economical. The coating applied should be uniform, mechanical in strength and fast (up to 10 tonnes per hour).

For example, the coating process described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,837,361, which is performed to protect the seed from winter conditions and involves the application of non-elastomeric material, is known. British Patent Application No.1479848 describes a coating process comprising a binder, a fungicide, an insecticide, a nutrient and a bird repellent. However, due to its performance cycle, including cost-effectiveness, this procedure was not completely satisfactory.

22i§_B5§ENJA_TECHNICAL_PROBLEMS _- WITH_ EXAMPLES

The process according to the invention now provides a new method of coating the seeds of plants and comprises pruning on the surface of the seeds firmly adhered, permeable to moisture, insoluble in water, with a coating having the following composition:

bonding happiness 10 to 64% wt fungicide 18 to 67% lf insecticide 0 to 69% II minor additives 0 to 10% II

The process of the most appropriate is done by prinenone on the female substantially non-aqueous coating solution having the following 3 composition:

binder 3.5 to 22.5 * wt.

solvent solvent G 7.0 to 37. Ok wt. fungicide 7.0 to 22.5'- wt.

insecticide 0 to 26. O * wt.

rainhorn additives G to 3.OS flow.

during the Senate of St. appropriate fluid transfer of solvent to binder® and solvent to total solids in solution

3.5 dc 20: 1 and 1.9 to 4.2: 1, so after the cannon the solvent is eliminated.

It is argued that the binder is essentially inseparable because, among other things, limiting d;?, The seed sensitively plows them to expose the moisture to moaning a. after sowing it does not rinse with rain, so the active ingredients remain with the seed for a long period. However, the coating is permeable to moisture so that the seeds germinate normally. The binder is a post-resin handy resin such as shellac, a synthetic resin such as polystyrene or synthetic iii handy wax: nolioty lenglycol iii k. and the hair wax (usually obtained by extraction of a green tub of solvent). Who can also use binder mixtures, such as Selak with caffeine wax or poly-ethylene glycol. the amount of binder present in the coating solution varied normally depending on its nature. Taken together, the convenient substance taken in 2 can be present in amounts of up to about 25 wt., While synthetic resins will usually not exceed 10 * wt. of the solution with is coated. The term solution ** is used for convenience, and indicates that the propellant is dissolved in the solvent. However, ingredients may be present, especially one or more fungicides, which are non-digestible and are digested in the solvent, so the technical solution is

-4 With the dragging of the gun, it can also be a suspension.

The solvent (and this term, for convenience, also refers to the solvent) will be stored depending on the carrier used, and will normally be a lower alkanol or ketone or halogenated hydrocarbon. To facilitate their elimination, solvents having relatively low boiling points are preferred. Needless to say, the solvent should not be phytotoxic.

fun Various fungicides can be incorporated into the coating, and since these substances are well known, no detailed description of their properties is required. As indicated above, the fungicide does not necessarily have to be soluble in the solvent of the binder. One or more fungicides can be incorporated, and their total weight is up to 22.5% of the preparation.

One or more ViMe insecticides may also be present, as well as other such additives as pigments, growth stimulants, minornl nutrients, fertilizers, bird feeder supplements.

The coating solution is most suitably applied to the seed by practice while the seed is in motion, preferably in turoballs, rotary drum or similar equipment. Subsequently, the solvent is eliminated, for example, by the heat of the vacuum or by the passage of warm air through the coated seeds. The evaporated solvent is usually condensed for reuse.

The relative amounts of a seed coating solution depend, among other things, on its concentration of active substances, hardened coating thickness, and also on seed size. In principle, the ratio of solution to drag to seed will be 1 to 4x100 per weight. For example, 100 kg of corn seed can be treated with about 1.5 kg of coating solution containing about 20 "

5-- .:

fungicide. Satisfactory ratios of binder to seed are 1 to 2: 1000.

The coatings of the invention can be applied to racial seeds and may similarly contain a wide range of active ingredients. Particularly useful resuitas are served with corn seeds, 1 legume, including soy, peas, beans, cucumber, /

radish; watermelon sunflower; and also cereals including rice and wheat.

Ί

Compared to previously recorded seed treatment techniques, the present invention provides significant 1 expected benefits. By using the organic binders described herein, plant protection products can be applied in very thin coatings that are tightly coupled to the seed. Such coatings, which can have a thickness of 0.02 to 0.2 ma, are very resistant to the removal of mechanical forces and, based on their tankode, can be used with the application of fungicides and other agents on large seeds with a slight increase in size. The thin coating of the present invention covers the entire surface of the seed, even 1 hollow, such as the area around the corn germ, so that a high degree of protection is provided.

Because the coating solution has a low viscosity and small quantities are applied, the treatment is extremely fast, so that high production capacity per hour can be achieved from small installations. Moreover, since the plant protection products 1 other additives are applied in a liquid medium, usually in solution, the dust losses are not spared.

Another advantage that results from the use of organic solvents is the rapid drying of coated seeds. Air at 20-40 ° C is allowed with seed drying for 20 seconds 111 similar to 1

since the higher water is not present there is no opaa nos you from and aaz Ivan there is undesirable germination of hay aa crow crows.

It has also been reported that the natural coating has a beneficial effect on infected or physically damaged maize females, as shown by comparing germination, weight of plant 1 resistance to attack by fungus treated and untreated infected hay:

Table X treated untreated

Var. nodding stakl.ba- what weight plants ° inf. nodding glass garden weight plants ° inf. A 97.31 * » 35.3 ** · 15.6 *** 84.6 « 23.8 72.8 B 94.0 * 69.8 * 35.1 * 82.3 60.6 92.6 C 66.7 * 55.3 22.9 * 46.0 49.6 73.5 D 99.3 42.5 1.8 * 98.3 30.9 38.0

° inf. »Fungal infection as a percentage of infected sprouted hay (visual inspection).

The invention is illustrated by the following Priners, in which eu svl relations, percentages and percentages are given on a weight basis. Significant level! Statsstid data are marked with * * 951 · * - 99¾ ***. 99.9%

Priner 1

Coating solution which has the following fungicide 21.01 shellac 10.0 « ethanol 13.2 « acetone 55.5 « color 0.3 «

it is applied to corn seeds in a ratio of 1:66 parts folded while the hay rolls in the rotator drum. The solvent is then evaporated in a stream of warm (about 30 ° C) air.

In the solution described above, acetone functions as a boiling point depressant, thus facilitating the eliination of the solvent. Can be replaced by raetllenhlorldor.

The field test results obtained with the seed coated are eumarized in Table II.

TABLE II

location % field discharge treated untreated Lower Austria (continental Ina) 84.8 ** 77.3 climate) West Germany (Stuttgart area) 77.8 ** 61.4

Example 2

The corn seed is coated with a solution having the following composition:

fungicide 20.0% coffee wax 6.7%

Selak 3.3% ethanol 13.3% methylene chloride 56.7% color 0.6%

The drag of the ae peaked solution to the seed in the rotator drum 1 is completed within 45 to 60 seconds. The seeds are then transferred to a drying oven where they are expelled for 120 seconds at 30 ° C.

The hay meadows are from the soil and pack a binder / seed ratio of 1: 660.

-.- 8. The positive effects of treatment are demonetised by laboratory and germination weights of 1 root weight · These are given in Table XIX below.

TABLE III Weight kg root weight (in g) treated 93.3 5.95 untreated 66.0 3.45

Example 3

The different seeds were coated at a ratio of solution / sera lt 15 to a solution having the following composition:

fungicide 14.3% Selak 17.1% ethanol 67.9% color 0.7% It will follow the procedure from Of Example 2.

The results of germination tests in the acquired garden are listed in Table IV.

TABLE IV% germination

Treated Untreated GraSak, Rheinperle 97.8 · 92.2 GraSak, Perfection 92.7 *** 62.8 Beans, Sabo ” 97.2 ** 87.8 Sunflower 95.0 * 87.8 Pirlnač 90.0 83.9 The radish 87.0 83.5 Cucumber 97.5 94.5

Priaer 4

Corn seeds have the same effect, with a solution / shade ratio of 1:22 and a solution having the following composition:

fungicides ¢ .7% Insecticides ⁴ 22 · 5% methylene chloride 67.2% pollstlrol 3.4% color 0.2% ⁺ includes story repellent

Follow the procedure from Example 2, the results of laboratory tests on germination and fresh weight of shoots are listed in Table V. TABLE V% slaughter weight of shoots (grams)

Treated 90.0 * 0.11 *

Hetreated 81.0 0.09

The test results in Tables Z to V clearly demonstrate that the seed coat does not retain germination, so it is not suitable for use as a frost protection agent. In this last case, the cover is required to delay the sprouting so that the subject sown in very harsh climates does not break out too early to be torn apart.

-40Dos: 73339 P-2422/79 20.III 87.

N a v o d

The Applicant states that the best-known way of applying the invention to the industry is given in the following example:

Corn seed is dominated by a solution having the following composition: Thiram fungicide (tetramethylthiuram disulfide) 20.0% Coffee wax 6.7% Selak 3.3% Ethanol 13.3% Methylene chloride 56.7% Color 0.6%

Coating is done by spraying the solution onto the seeds in a rotary drum and ending in 45 to 60 seconds. The seeds are then transferred to an oven where they are exposed to 30 ° C air for 120 seconds. The seed is then removed from the dryer and packaged. The binder / seed ratio is 1/600.

SAREA AG., Switzerland

Represented by:

Srdja M. Popovic

Dos.73339 SA 4654/41 09/07/1935

Claims (3)

PATENT REQUIREMENTS: No. Ρ-2422/79 A method of coating the seeds of plants by forming on the surface of the seeds a well-coated, moisture-permeable and water-insoluble coating comprising applying to the seed a non-aqueous solution of a coating comprising 3.5-22.5% by weight of a binder happiness, such as shellac, iii mixture of coffee surplus and shellac, 67.0-87.0 wt.% binder happiness solvent, such as ethanol iii mixture of ethanol and acetone iii methylene chloride, 7.0-22.5 wt.% fungicides, 0-26 wt.% insecticides and 0-3.0 minor additives, such as dyes, whereby the corresponding mass ratios of solvent to binder and solvent to total solid content in solution 3.5-20: 1 and 1.8-4.2: 1, and then removal of the solvent by drying at a temperature of about 30 ° C. 2. The process of claim 1, wherein the solvent to bond ratio is 3.5-6.9: 1. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that 1-5 parts by weight of solution is applied to every 100 parts by weight of seeds.