SI26288A - Pulley with rope winding stop mechanism and the winch with said pulley - Google Patents

Pulley with rope winding stop mechanism and the winch with said pulley Download PDF

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Publication number
SI26288A
SI26288A SI202100215A SI202100215A SI26288A SI 26288 A SI26288 A SI 26288A SI 202100215 A SI202100215 A SI 202100215A SI 202100215 A SI202100215 A SI 202100215A SI 26288 A SI26288 A SI 26288A
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Slovenia
Prior art keywords
rope
winding
pulley
sensor
guide
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SI202100215A
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Slovenian (sl)
Inventor
Franc Pišek
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PIŠEK - VITLI KRPAN, d.o.o.
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Application filed by PIŠEK - VITLI KRPAN, d.o.o. filed Critical PIŠEK - VITLI KRPAN, d.o.o.
Priority to SI202100215A priority Critical patent/SI26288A/en
Priority to EP22212374.7A priority patent/EP4194390A1/en
Publication of SI26288A publication Critical patent/SI26288A/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D3/00—Portable or mobile lifting or hauling appliances
    • B66D3/18—Power-operated hoists
    • B66D3/24—Applications of limit switches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/54—Safety gear
    • B66D1/56—Adaptations of limit switches

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pulleys (AREA)
  • Control And Safety Of Cranes (AREA)

Abstract

Izum sodi na področje gozdarskih vitlov, bolj natančno na področje škripcev. Škripec po izumu ima ohišje, na katerega je gibljivo vpeto vodilo vlečne vrvi z odprtino, po kateri poteka vlečna vrv, potisni element, ki ima manjšo odprtino kot je končni del vlečne vrvi, tako da lahko v potisni element udari končni del vlečne vrvi in ga potisne v smeri proti ustju vodila vrvi, in stikalo ali senzor, ki lahko prekine navijanje vrvi ter posledično vlečenje bremena po dotiku končnega dela vrvi in potisnega elementa. Bistvo škripca je v tem, da je potisni element linearno premičen po omenjenem ustju in ima vodilo vlečne vrvi fiksno ustje z vsaj enim utorom prilagojenim za sprejem potisnega elementa, in na zgornji strani vsaj en utor, ki je prilagojen za namestitev senzorja, stikala, magneta ali podobnega elementa, pri čemer je med potisnim elementom in skrajnim koncem ustja nameščena vzmet, ki zagotavlja vračanje potisnega elementa v izhodiščno stanje.The invention belongs to the field of forestry winches, more precisely to the field of pulleys. The pulley according to the invention has a housing, on which a guide of the pulling rope with an opening through which the pulling rope passes, a pushing element having a smaller opening than the end part of the pulling rope, so that the end part of the pulling rope can hit the pushing element and pushes in the direction towards the mouth of the rope guide, and a switch or sensor that can interrupt the winding of the rope and the subsequent pulling of the load after touching the end of the rope and the pushing element. The essence of the pulley is that the thrust element is linearly movable along said mouth and the guide of the pull rope has a fixed mouth with at least one groove adapted to receive the thrust element, and on the upper side at least one groove adapted to accommodate a sensor, switch, magnet or a similar element, whereby a spring is placed between the pushing element and the extreme end of the mouth, which ensures the return of the pushing element to its initial state.

Description

Škripec z mehanizmom za zaustavitev navijanja vrvi in vitel z omenjenim škripcemA pulley with a mechanism to stop the winding of the rope and a winch with said pulley

Področje tehnikeThe field of technology

Izum sodi na področje gozdarskih vitlov, bolj natančno na področje konstrukcijskih podrobnosti pri gozdarskih vitlih, ki so vezane na vlečenje bremena z navijanjem vrvi na boben preko škripca. Izum se nanaša na mehanizem za zaustavitev navijanja vrvi (t.i. izklopno stikalo) za škripec gozdarskega vitla in vitel z omenjenim škripcem.The invention belongs to the field of forestry winches, more precisely to the field of structural details of forestry winches, which are tied to pulling the load by winding the rope on the drum via the pulley. The invention relates to a mechanism for stopping the winding of the rope (so-called cut-off switch) for a pulley of a forestry winch and a winch with said pulley.

Ozadje izuma in tehnični problemBackground of the Invention and Technical Problem

Pri uporabi vitla lahko pride do situacije, ko je potrebno varno in zanesljivo prekiniti oziroma zaustaviti postopek vlečenja bremena z vitlom preko navijanja vlečne vrvi na boben. Pogosto se zgodi, da uporabnik vlečenja ne ustavi dovolj zgodaj, zaradi česar se vrv zarije med plasti navojev na bobnu ali pa se njen končni del poškoduje. Ob tem je možna tudi poškodba katerega izmed drugih konstrukcijskih elementov kot je na primer vodilo žične vrvi ali kakršenkoli pogonski del (verige, zobniki, lamele, itd.). Posledično je potrebno delo ustaviti, nemalokrat pa je vrv in/ali katerikoli drugi poškodovan del potrebno zamenjati zaradi trajnih deformacij.When using a winch, a situation may arise when it is necessary to safely and reliably interrupt or stop the process of pulling the load with the winch by winding the towing rope onto the drum. It often happens that the user does not stop the pull early enough, as a result of which the rope becomes buried between the layers of threads on the drum or the end of the rope is damaged. At the same time, it is also possible to damage one of the other structural elements, such as the wire rope guide or any drive part (chains, gears, lamellae, etc.). As a result, the work has to be stopped, and quite often the rope and/or any other damaged part has to be replaced due to permanent deformations.

Tehnični problem, ki ga pričujoči izum rešuje, je konstrukcijska rešitev izklopa funkcije navijanja, ki bo omogočala zanesljiv in pravočasen izklop navijanja, lažje ter varno delo z vitlom ter bo preprečila nastanek škode na strojih in opremi s tem pa zmanjšala stroške vzdrževanja vitla.The technical problem that the present invention solves is a design solution for turning off the winding function, which will enable reliable and timely turning off of the winding, easier and safer work with the winch, and will prevent damage to machines and equipment, thereby reducing winch maintenance costs.

Stanje tehnikeState of the art

Za preprečevanje opisanih poškodb zaradi prepozne zaustavitve navijanja vlečne vrvi na boben so bili razviti različni sistemi za zaustavitev navijanja kot so opisani v patentu EP 3095748, pa tudi v dokumentih Sl 25045 in Sl 25043.In order to prevent the described injuries due to too late stopping of the winding of the towing rope on the drum, various systems for stopping the winding have been developed, as described in patent EP 3095748, as well as in documents Sl 25045 and Sl 25043.

Patent EP 3 095 748 opisuje vitel z varnostnim mehanizmom za izklop navijanja vrvi, kjer ima mehanizem končno stikalo, ki ga lahko aktivira potisni element, katerega lahko proti končnemu stikalu potisne podložka, ki je premakljivo vpeta na nastavku vodila vrvi. Končni del vrvi pritisne na podložko, ki posledično potisne potisni element proti končnemu stikalu in s tem prekine navijanje vrvi. Rešitev po patentu opisuje tudi možnost, da je podložka pritrjena na sam potisni element, ali pa je končni del vrvi oblikovan tako, da lahko neposredno pritisne na potisni element. Potisni element potuje v vodilu do stikala. Ko slednjega doseže, se navijanje vrvi ustavi.Patent EP 3 095 748 describes a winch with a safety mechanism for turning off the rope winding, where the mechanism has a limit switch that can be activated by a push element, which can be pushed against the limit switch by a washer that is movably clamped on the rope guide joint. The end part of the rope presses against the washer, which in turn pushes the push element towards the limit switch, thereby interrupting the winding of the rope. The solution according to the patent also describes the possibility that the washer is attached to the push element itself, or the end of the rope is designed so that it can press directly on the push element. The push element travels in a guide to the switch. When it reaches the latter, the winding of the rope stops.

Dokumenta Sl 25043 in Sl 25045 opisujeta medsebojno podobno rešitev za škripec z aktivnim zaustavljanjem vlečne vrvi gozdarskega vitla. Mehanizem za izklop navijanja ima drsno pušo nameščeno znotraj ohišja vodila vrvi, in sicer na izhodu vlečne vrvi, pri čemer je drsna puša pomična v smeri vleka vlečne vrvi. Na drsni puši je nameščena vzmet, ki omogoči pomik drsne puše pri določeni sili. Senzor je nameščen v gibljivem ohišju vodila in povezan na elektroniko. S pomikom drsne puše v polje zaznavanja senzorja se spremeni stanje senzorja, kar se sporoči elektroniki za zaustavitev funkcije navijanja vlečne vrvi.Documents Sl 25043 and Sl 25045 describe a mutually similar solution for a pulley with an active stop of the traction rope of a forestry winch. The take-up shut-off mechanism has a slide bushing located inside the rope guide housing, namely at the pull rope outlet, the slide bushing being movable in the direction of pull of the pull rope. A spring is installed on the sliding sleeve, which allows the sliding sleeve to move at a certain force. The sensor is installed in the flexible housing of the bus and connected to the electronics. By moving the sliding sleeve into the detection field of the sensor, the state of the sensor changes, which is communicated to the electronics to stop the towing rope winding function.

Opis rešitve tehničnega problemaDescription of the solution to the technical problem

Pričujoči izum se po svoji zasnovi razlikuje od znanih izklopnih stikal pri škripcih. Cilj izuma je konstruirati alternativne rešitve stop stikal, ki bodo robustnejše in zanesljive. Tehnični problem je rešen, kot je predstavljeno v neodvisnem patentnem zahtevku, medtem ko so prednostne izvedbe rešitve tehničnega problema predstavljene v odvisnih zahtevkih.The present invention differs in its design from the known cut-off switches for pulleys. The goal of the invention is to construct alternative stop switch solutions that will be more robust and reliable. The technical problem is solved as presented in the independent patent claim, while preferred embodiments of the solution to the technical problem are presented in the dependent claims.

Bistvo škripca z mehanizmom za zaustavitev navijanja vrvi po izumu je v tem, da vključuje:The essence of the pulley with the mechanism for stopping the winding of the rope according to the invention is that it includes:

- ohišje škripca, na katerega je vpeto vodilo vlečne vrvi, ki je gibljivo v osi gnane vrvenice,- the pulley housing, on which the guide of the pulling rope is attached, which is movable in the axis of the driven rope,

- vodilo vlečne vrvi ima fiksno ustje, pri čemer ima ustje:- the guide of the pulling rope has a fixed mouth, whereby the mouth has:

o odprtino, po kateri poteka vlečna vrv, o del prilagojen za sprejem vsaj dela potisnega elementa, in o na zgornji strani vsaj en utor, ki je prilagojen za namestitev senzorja, stikala, magneta ali podobnega elementa,o an opening through which the pulling rope passes, o a part adapted to receive at least a part of the pushing element, and o on the upper side at least one groove adapted to accommodate a sensor, switch, magnet or similar element,

- potisni element, ki ima odprtino večje dimenzije kot ustje, tako da se lahko potisni element linearno premično namesti na ustje, hkrati pa ima manjšo odprtino kot končni del vlečne vrvi, ki lahko udari v potisni element in ga potisne po ustju proti vodilu vrvi, pri čemer se stisne vzmet, pri čemer je potisni element linearno premično nameščen na omenjeno ustje s pomočjo dvodelnega varovalnovodilnega sklopa, ki preprečuje rotacijo potisnega elementa na omenjenem ustju, pri čemer je en del dvodelnega sklopa na ustju, drugi del pa na potisnem elementu,- a push element, which has an opening of larger dimensions than the mouth, so that the push element can be linearly movably installed on the mouth, but at the same time has a smaller opening than the end part of the pulling rope, which can hit the push element and push it along the mouth towards the rope guide, wherein the spring is compressed, wherein the thrust member is linearly movably mounted on said mouth by means of a two-part safety guide assembly which prevents rotation of the thrust member on said mouth, one part of the two-part assembly being on the mouth and the other part on the thrust member,

- vzmet, ki je razporejena med potisnim elementom in skrajnim koncem ustja, in ki zagotavlja vračanje potisnega elementa v izhodiščno stanje, in- a spring, which is arranged between the pushing element and the extreme end of the mouth, and which ensures the return of the pushing element to its initial state, and

- Senzor ali stikalo, ki lahko prekine vlečenje bremena po dotiku potisnega elementa z bremenom, ki je nameščen v utoru na zgornji strani ustja.- A sensor or switch that can interrupt the pulling of the load after the contact of the pushing element with the load, which is placed in the groove on the upper side of the mouth.

Alternativno, bi lahko bil senzor tudi na potisnem elementu, magnet pa na ustju vodila vlečne vrvi, vendar pa bi se v tem primeru gibal senzor, kar je še posebej iz varovanja kabla, ki povezuje senzor s krmilnikom vitla zahtevnejša rešitev.Alternatively, the sensor could also be on the push element, and the magnet on the mouth of the towing rope guide, but in this case the sensor would move, which is a more demanding solution, especially from the protection of the cable connecting the sensor to the winch controller.

En del varovalno-vodilnega sklopa je lahko utor, vodilo, tirnica ali podoben element, ter je drugi del varovalno-vodilnega sklopa lahko vijak, zatič, valj, zaskok ali podoben element. Prednostno je utor ali podoben vodilni element izveden na ustju vodila, vendar je prav tako možno utor ali podoben vodilni element izdelati v notranjosti potisnega elementa. Optimalno, je na levi in na desni strani ustje vodila opremljeno z vsaj enim utorom prilagojen za sprejem potisnega elementa oziroma ustrezno oblikovanega vijaka, zatiča, valja ali podobnega elementa nameščenega, privarjenega ali kako drugače izdelanega na potisnem elementu, tako da se lahko drugi del varovalno-vodilnega sklopa giblje po prvem delu.One part of the safety-guide assembly can be a groove, guide, rail or similar element, and the other part of the safety-guide assembly can be a screw, pin, cylinder, catch or similar element. Preferably, a groove or a similar guiding element is made at the mouth of the guide, but it is also possible to make a groove or a similar guiding element inside the pushing element. Optimally, on the left and on the right side of the mouth of the guide is equipped with at least one groove adapted to receive a push element or a suitably shaped screw, pin, cylinder or similar element installed, welded or otherwise made on the push element, so that the other part can be secured - of the leading assembly moves along the first part.

Potisni element je premakljivo pritrjen kolut, drsni ležaj, puša ali podoben element, ki se lahko namesti na ustje vodila žične vrvi in je pritrjen na ustje s pomočjo tlačne vzmeti in vsaj enega utora, tako da lahko v svoji skrajni legi element pride v polje zaznavanja stikala ali senzorja ali pa iz omenjenega polja izpadeta, odvisno od nastavitev senzorja oziroma stikala, pri čemer sta odprtini ustja in potisnega elementa soosni. Utor je vsaj en, prednostno pa sta dva, vsak na svoji strani potisnega elementa, po katerem potuje ustrezno oblikovan vijak, zatič, valj ali podoben element nameščen, privarjen ali kako drugače izdelan na potisnem elementu. Vsaj en utor bi bil lahko izveden tudi na potisnem elementu, medtem ko bi bil vijak, zatič ali drug element nameščen, privarjen ali izdelan na ustju vodila žične vrvi. Potisni element mora biti varovan proti vrtenju in hkrati zavarovan pred izpadom iz ustja vodila vrvi, kar se zagotovi z omenjenim vsaj enim utorom in vijakom, zatičem ali drugim primernim elementom. Potisni element in ustje vodila sta prednostno soosna, pri čemer vsaj en utor preprečuje obrat potisnega elementa okoli svoje osi. V kolikor utora ne bi bilo, bi se lahko potisni element obrnil, tako da senzor ne bi več mogel zaznavati približanja končnega dela vrvi stop stikalu. Dodatno utori tudi preprečujejo, da bi tlačna vzmet potisnila potisni element iz ustja vodila vlečne vrvi. Prednostno je potisni element v spodnjem delu opremljen z dodatnim izrezom ali odprtino, skozi katero lahko pada umazanija, ki bi se lahko nabirala v potisnem elementu in potencialno ovirala delovanje izklopa navijanja. Potisni element ima lahko poljubno obliko, prednostno je oblikovan kot cilinder ali kvader, odvisno od oblike ustja vodila vlečne vrvi. Odprtina v potisnem elementu se mora ujemati z obliko ustja vodila, zato da se lahko potisni element nanj namesti. Oblika odprtine po kateri potuje vlečna vrv je katerakoli primerna, najbolj običajno je okrogla. Material za potisni element je lahko katerikoli primeren material, še posebno kovina ali plastika.The thrust element is a movably mounted disc, sliding bearing, bushing or similar element that can be placed on the mouth of the wire rope guide and is attached to the mouth by means of a compression spring and at least one groove so that in its extreme position the element can enter the detection field of the switch or sensor or fall out of the mentioned field, depending on the settings of the sensor or switch, whereby the opening of the mouth and the pushing element are coaxial. There is at least one, but preferably two, groove, each on its own side of the thrust element, along which travels a suitably shaped screw, pin, cylinder or similar element mounted, welded or otherwise fabricated on the thrust element. At least one groove could also be formed on the thrust element, while a screw, pin or other element would be fitted, welded or fabricated on the mouth of the wire rope guide. The push element must be protected against rotation and at the same time secured against falling out of the mouth of the rope guide, which is ensured by the mentioned at least one groove and a screw, pin or other suitable element. The thrust element and the mouth of the guide are preferably coaxial, with at least one groove preventing rotation of the thrust element around its axis. If there was no groove, the push element could turn, so that the sensor could no longer detect the approach of the end of the rope to the stop switch. In addition, the grooves also prevent the compression spring from pushing the thrust element out of the mouth of the pull rope guide. Preferably, the push element is provided with an additional cut-out or opening in the lower part through which dirt can fall, which could accumulate in the push element and potentially interfere with the operation of the winding shut-off. The push element can have any shape, it is preferably shaped like a cylinder or cuboid, depending on the shape of the mouth of the pull rope guide. The opening in the push element must match the shape of the mouth of the guide so that the push element can be installed on it. The shape of the opening through which the towing rope travels is any suitable, the most common being round. The material for the thrust element can be any suitable material, especially metal or plastic.

V mehanizmu škripca po izumu se lahko uporabi kakršenkoli senzor, prednostno Hallov senzor, induktivno stikalo, magnetni, kapacitivni ali optični senzor. Senzorje lahko nadomestijo tudi stikala ali podobni elementi za prekinitev funkcije. Prisoten mora biti vsaj eden, lahko pa sta tudi dva, saj je tako zagotovljeno bolj zanesljivo delovanje v primeru, da eden izmed obeh odpove.In the pulley mechanism according to the invention, any sensor can be used, preferably a Hall sensor, an inductive switch, a magnetic, capacitive or optical sensor. Sensors can also be replaced by switches or similar elements to interrupt the function. At least one must be present, but there can be two, as this ensures more reliable operation in the event that one of the two fails.

Izklop navijanja se lahko zgodi na dva načina, kar je odvisno od izbranega senzorja oziroma stikala:Winding can be turned off in two ways, depending on the selected sensor or switch:

1. Izklopni element je med navijanjem vrvi izven polja zaznavanja senzorja, ob pritisku bremena pa pride v polje zaznavanja senzorja in ga s tem aktivira, kar sproži izklop navijanja vrvi;1. The switch-off element is outside the detection field of the sensor during the winding of the rope, but when the load is pressed, it comes into the detection field of the sensor and thereby activates it, which triggers the shutdown of the winding of the rope;

2. Izklopni element je med navijanjem vrvi v polju zaznavanja senzorja, kar omogoča nemoteno navijanje vrvi, ob pritisku bremena na izklopni element pa se le-ta premakne tako, da ni več v polju zaznavanja senzorja, kar prekine tokokrog in sproži izklop navijanja vrvi na boben vitla.2. The disconnecting element is in the detection field of the sensor during the rope winding, which allows uninterrupted winding of the rope, and when the load is pressed on the disconnecting element, it moves so that it is no longer in the detection field of the sensor, which breaks the circuit and triggers the disconnection of the rope winding on winch drum.

Druga možnost je abosutno prednostna, saj je iz vidika varnosti boljša.The second option is absolutely preferable, as it is better from the point of view of security.

Prednostna izvedba izklopnega stikala po izumu je s Hallovim senzorjem ter magnetom, ki je nameščen v zgornjem delu potisnega elementa točno nad Hallovim senzorjem nameščenim na zgornjem delu ustja vodila vrvi. Hallov senzor je brezkontaktni senzor magnetnega pola, sestavljen je iz plastičnega ohišja, elektronskega mikrovezja in permanentnega magneta. Hallov senzor je pritrjen fiksno s pomočjo vijačenja ali podobnega načina pritrjevanja, kabel, ki povezuje senzor s krmilnikom vitla pa je nameščen na primeren način po vodilu vrvi, prednostno znotraj zaščitnega ohišja. Tako je kabel zavarovan pred morebitnimi poškodbami. Permanentni magnet je običajno nameščen skupaj s svojim plastičnim ohišjem na katerikoli primeren način. Pri premiku potisnega elementa se premakne tudi magnet, pri čemer polprevodniško mikrovezje senzorja izgubi signal oziroma magnetno polje zaradi premika magneta. Na izhodu senzorja se spremeni logično stanje iz 1 na 0, kar zazna krmilnik vitla, na katerem je stop stikalo nameščeno in prekine navijanje vrvi na boben ter s tem vlečenje bremena. Preko zaznanega magnetnega polja Hallov senzor sporoči krmilniku vitla stanje potisnega elementa in ustrezno povzroči prekinitev navijanja vrvi. Hallov senzor je primeren senzor izmed nabora možnih senzorjev, saj je dovolj natančen, hkrati pa neobčutljiv na umazanijo, razne tekočine in velike temperaturne spremembe. Njegovo delovanje posledično ni občutljivo na zunanje pogoje, ki se pojavljajo pri delu z vitlom v gozdu.The preferred design of the cut-off switch according to the invention is with a Hall sensor and a magnet, which is installed in the upper part of the push element exactly above the Hall sensor installed on the upper part of the mouth of the rope guide. The Hall sensor is a non-contact magnetic pole sensor, consisting of a plastic housing, an electronic microcircuit and a permanent magnet. The Hall sensor is fixed fixedly by means of screws or a similar fastening method, and the cable connecting the sensor to the winch controller is placed in a suitable way along the rope guide, preferably inside the protective housing. Thus, the cable is protected against possible damage. The permanent magnet is usually mounted together with its plastic housing in any convenient way. When the push element moves, the magnet also moves, whereby the semiconductor microcircuit of the sensor loses the signal or the magnetic field due to the movement of the magnet. At the output of the sensor, the logic state changes from 1 to 0, which is detected by the winch controller, on which the stop switch is installed, and interrupts the winding of the rope on the drum and thus the pulling of the load. Through the detected magnetic field, the Hall sensor informs the winch controller of the condition of the thrust element and causes the rope winding to stop accordingly. The Hall sensor is a suitable sensor from the range of possible sensors, as it is sufficiently accurate, but at the same time insensitive to dirt, various liquids and large temperature changes. As a result, its operation is not sensitive to the external conditions that occur when working with a winch in the forest.

V kolikor je stikalo oziroma senzor induktivno stikalo, je le-to nameščeno v zgornjem delu ustja vodila vrvi in izklop poteka tako, da ob premiku potisnega elementa zazna premik kovine na mestu, kjer je v izvedbi s Hallovim senzorjem magnet, kar prekine tokokrog in sproži izklop navijanja vrvi na boben vitla. Induktivno stikalo je povezano z električnim vodnikom na elektromagnetni ventil, kateri v primeru aktivacije mehanizma za izklop navijanja vrvi prekine delovanje vitla oziroma navijanja vrvi na boben.If the switch or sensor is an inductive switch, it is installed in the upper part of the mouth of the rope guide, and the switch-off occurs in such a way that when the pushing element moves, it detects the movement of the metal in the place where, in the version with the Hall sensor, there is a magnet, which breaks the circuit and triggers turning off the winding of the rope on the winch drum. The inductive switch is connected with an electrical conductor to the electromagnetic valve, which, in case of activation of the mechanism for turning off the winding of the rope, interrupts the operation of the winch or the winding of the rope on the drum.

Škripec z mehanizmom za zaustavitev navijanja vrvi je lahko vgrajen v katerikoli vitel ali traktor, pri čemer je lahko vitel enobobenski ali večbobenski.A pulley with a mechanism to stop the winding of the rope can be installed in any winch or tractor, the winch can be single-drum or multi-drum.

Škripec z mehanizmom za zaustavitev navijanja vrvi bo v nadaljevanju opisan s pomočjo izvedbenega primera in slik, ki prikazujejo naris ter eksplozijsko sliko škripca z mehanizmom za zaustavitev navijanja vrvi po možnem izvedbenem primeru iz dveh kotov.The pulley with the mechanism for stopping the winding of the rope will be described below with the help of an implementation example and pictures showing the drawing and the exploded view of the pulley with the mechanism for stopping the winding of the rope according to the possible implementation example from two angles.

Prednostna izvedba škripca 1 z mehanizmom za izklop navijanja, kot je prikazana na sliki 1 in sliki 2, vključuje sledeče komponente:The preferred embodiment of the pulley 1 with the take-off mechanism, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, includes the following components:

- Ohišje 11 škripca 1, na katerega je vpeto vodilo 12 vlečne vrvi, ki je gibljivo v osi 13a gnane vrvenice 13,- The housing 11 of the pulley 1, to which the guide 12 of the pulling rope is attached, which is movable in the axis 13a of the driven rope 13,

- vodilo 12 vlečne vrvi ima fiksno ustje 12a, pri čemer ima ustje 12a:- the guide 12 of the pulling rope has a fixed mouth 12a, wherein the mouth 12a has:

o del (obkrožen na sliki 1 b), na katerega se lahko namesti potisni element 14 kot kaže slika 2, o odprtino, po kateri poteka vlečna vrv, o na levi in na desni strani po en utor 16a prilagojen za sprejem vijaka 16b potisnega elementa 14, in o na zgornji strani vsaj en utor 12b, ki je prilagojen za namestitev senzorja 17, stikala, magneta ali podobnega elementa,o the part (circled in figure 1 b) on which the pusher element 14 can be installed as shown in figure 2, o the opening through which the pulling rope passes, o one groove 16a on the left and on the right side adapted to receive the screw 16b of the pusher element 14, and o on the upper side at least one groove 12b, which is adapted to accommodate the sensor 17, switch, magnet or similar element,

- potisni element 14, ki ima odprtino večje dimenzije kot ustje 12a, tako da se lahko potisni element 14 linearno premično namesti na ustje 12a, hkrati pa ima manjšo odprtino kot končni del vlečne vrvi, ki lahko udari v potisni element 14 in ga potisne po ustju 12a proti vodilu vrvi 12, s čemer se stisne vzmet 15,- the pushing element 14, which has an opening of larger dimensions than the mouth 12a, so that the pushing element 14 can be linearly movably placed on the mouth 12a, but at the same time it has a smaller opening than the end part of the pulling rope, which can hit the pushing element 14 and push it along mouth 12a towards the rope guide 12, which compresses the spring 15,

- vzmet 15, ki je razporejena med potisnim elementom 14 in skrajnim koncem ustja 12a, in ki zagotavlja vračanje potisnega elementa 14 v izhodiščno stanje, in- the spring 15, which is arranged between the pushing element 14 and the extreme end of the opening 12a, and which ensures the return of the pushing element 14 to the initial state, and

- Hallov senzor 17, ki lahko prekine vlečenje bremena po dotiku potisnega elementa 14 z končnim delom vrvi.- Hall sensor 17, which can stop pulling the load after the pushing element 14 touches the end of the rope.

Potisni element 14 je premakljivo pritrjena puša, ki je soosno pritrjena na ustje 12a s pomočjo utorov 16a, po katerih se premika po en vijak 16b, ki je nameščen skozi ustrezno oblikovano luknjo ob straneh puše 14, in vzmeti 15, tako da lahko v svoji skrajni legi potisni element 14, ki ima nad Hallovim senzorjem 17 na ustju vodila vrvi nameščen magnet 18, preide izven polja zaznavanja senzorja 17. Pozicija magneta 18 je prikazana na sliki 1b. Potisni element 14 je v spodnjem delu opremljen z dodatnim izrezom ali odprtino, skozi katero lahko pada umazanija, ki bi se lahko nabirala v potisnem elementu in potencialno ovirala delovanje izklopa navijanja.The pusher element 14 is a movably attached bushing, which is coaxially attached to the mouth 12a by means of grooves 16a, along which one screw 16b moves, which is placed through a suitably shaped hole on the sides of the bushing 14, and springs 15, so that in its at the extreme position, the push element 14, which has a magnet 18 placed above the Hall sensor 17 at the mouth of the rope guide, passes outside the detection field of the sensor 17. The position of the magnet 18 is shown in Figure 1b. The push element 14 is provided with an additional cut-out or opening in the lower part through which dirt can fall, which could collect in the push element and potentially interfere with the operation of the winding cut-out.

Claims (11)

1. Škripec (1) za gozdarski vitel opremljen z mehanizmom za zaustavitev navijanja vrvi, pri čemer škripec (1) vključuje:1. A pulley (1) for a forestry winch equipped with a rope winding stop mechanism, wherein the pulley (1) includes: - ohišje (11) škripca (1), na katerega je vpeto vodilo (12) vlečne vrvi, kije gibljivo v osi (13a) gnane vrvenice (13) škripca (1),- the housing (11) of the pulley (1), on which the guide (12) of the pulling rope is attached, which is movable in the axis (13a) of the driven rope (13) of the pulley (1), - vodilo (12) vlečne vrvi z ustjem (12a), ki ima odprtino, po kateri poteka vlečna vrv,- guide (12) of the towing rope with mouth (12a), which has an opening through which the towing rope passes, - potisni element (14), ki ima manjšo odprtino kot je končni del vlečne vrvi, tako da lahko v potisni element (14) udari končni del vlečne vrvi in ga potisne v smeri proti ustju (12a) vodila vrvi (12), in- the pushing element (14), which has a smaller opening than the end part of the pulling rope, so that the end part of the pulling rope can hit the pushing element (14) and push it towards the mouth (12a) of the rope guide (12), and - stikalo ali senzor (17), ki lahko prekine navijanje vrvi ter posledično vlečenje bremena po dotiku končnega dela vrvi in potisnega elementa (14), in je značilen po tem, da- a switch or sensor (17), which can interrupt the winding of the rope and the subsequent pulling of the load after touching the end of the rope and the push element (14), and is characterized by the fact that - ima vodilo (12) vlečne vrvi fiksno ustje (12a), ki ima:- the guide (12) of the towing rope has a fixed opening (12a), which has: o vsaj prvi del prilagojen za sprejem vsaj dela potisnega elementa (14), in o na zgornji strani vsaj en utor (12b), ki je prilagojen za namestitev senzorja, stikala, magneta ali podobnega elementa (17),o at least the first part adapted to receive at least part of the pushing element (14), and o on the upper side at least one groove (12b), which is adapted to accommodate a sensor, switch, magnet or similar element (17), - je potisni element (14) linearno premično nameščen na omenjeno ustje (12a) s pomočjo dvodelnega varovalno-vodilnega sklopa (16a, 16b), ki preprečuje rotacijo potisnega elementa (14) na omenjenem ustju (12a), pri čemer je en del dvodelnega sklopa na ustju (12a), drugi del pa na potisnem elementu (14),- the thrust element (14) is linearly movably mounted on the said mouth (12a) with the help of a two-part safety-guide assembly (16a, 16b), which prevents the rotation of the thrust element (14) on the said mouth (12a), whereby one part of the two-part assembly on the mouth (12a), and the other part on the push element (14), - je med potisnim elementom (14) in skrajnim koncem ustja (12a) nameščena vzmet (15), ki zagotavlja vračanje potisnega elementa (14) v izhodiščno stanje.- a spring (15) is placed between the pushing element (14) and the extreme end of the mouth (12a), which ensures the return of the pushing element (14) to its initial state. 2. Škripec z mehanizmom za zaustavitev navijanja vrvi po zahtevku 1, značilen po tem, da je en del (16a) varovalno-vodilnega sklopa (16a, 16b) utor, vodilo, tirnica ali podoben element, ter je drugi del (16b) varovalno-vodilnega sklopa (16a, 16b) vijak, zatič, valj, zaskok ali podoben element.2. A pulley with a mechanism for stopping the winding of the rope according to claim 1, characterized in that one part (16a) of the safety-guide assembly (16a, 16b) is a groove, guide, rail or similar element, and the other part (16b) is a safety - of the guide assembly (16a, 16b) screw, pin, cylinder, catch or similar element. 3. Škripec z mehanizmom za zaustavitev navijanja vrvi po zahtevku 1 ali 2, značilen po tem, da je ustje (12a) vodila (12) opremljeno z utorom, vodilom ali tirnico (16a) varovalno-vodilnega sklopa ter je potisni element (14) opremljen z ustrezno oblikovanim vijakom (16b), zatičem, valjem ali podobnim elementom nameščenim, privarjenim ali kako drugače izdelanim na potisnem elementu (14), tako da se lahko drugi del (16b) varovalno-vodilnega sklopa giblje po prvem delu (16a).3. A pulley with a mechanism for stopping the winding of the rope according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the mouth (12a) of the guide (12) is equipped with a groove, guide or rail (16a) of the safety-guide assembly and is a push element (14) provided with a suitably shaped screw (16b), pin, cylinder or similar element mounted, welded or otherwise fabricated on the thrust member (14) so that the second part (16b) of the guard-guide assembly can move along the first part (16a). 4. Škripec z mehanizmom za zaustavitev navijanja vrvi po kateremkoli izmed predhodnih zahtevkov, značilen po tem, da je potisni element (14) kolut, drsni ležaj, puša ali podoben element.4. A pulley with a mechanism for stopping the winding of the rope according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thrust element (14) is a disc, sliding bearing, bushing or similar element. 5. Škripec z mehanizmom za zaustavitev navijanja vrvi po kateremkoli izmed predhodnih zahtevkov, značilen po tem, da ima ustje (12a) vodila vrvi dva utora (16a), in sicer na levi in na desni strani, po katerem potuje ustrezno oblikovan vijak (16b), zatič, valj ali podoben element nameščen, privarjen ali kako drugače izdelan na potisnem elementu (14).5. A pulley with a mechanism for stopping the winding of the rope according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mouth (12a) of the rope guide has two grooves (16a), namely on the left and on the right side, along which the appropriately shaped screw (16b ), a pin, cylinder or similar element mounted, welded or otherwise fabricated on the thrust element (14). 6. Škripec z mehanizmom za zaustavitev navijanja vrvi po kateremkoli izmed predhodnih zahtevkov, značilen po tem, da je potisni element (14) v spodnjem delu opremljen z dodatnim izrezom ali odprtino, skozi katero lahko pada umazanija, ki bi se lahko nabirala v potisnem elementu (14) in potencialno ovirala delovanje izklopa navijanja.6. A pulley with a mechanism for stopping the winding of the rope according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pusher element (14) is equipped in the lower part with an additional cutout or opening through which dirt that could accumulate in the pusher element can fall (14) and potentially interfered with the winding cut-out operation. 7. Škripec z mehanizmom za zaustavitev navijanja vrvi po kateremkoli izmed predhodnih zahtevkov, značilen po tem, da izklop navijanja poteka tako, da je potisni element (14) med navijanjem vrvi v polju zaznavanja senzorja (17), kar omogoča nemoteno navijanje vrvi, ob pritisku bremena na potisni element (14) pa se le-ta premakne tako, da ni več v polju zaznavanja senzorja (17), kar prekine tokokrog in sproži izklop navijanja vrvi na boben vitla.7. Pulley with a mechanism for stopping the winding of the rope according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the turning off of the winding takes place in such a way that the pushing element (14) is in the field of detection of the sensor (17) during the winding of the rope, which enables uninterrupted winding of the rope, while the pressure of the load on the pushing element (14) moves it so that it is no longer in the detection field of the sensor (17), which breaks the circuit and initiates the shutdown of the winding of the rope on the winch drum. 8. Škripec z mehanizmom za zaustavitev navijanja vrvi po kateremkoli izmed predhodnih zahtevkov, značilen po tem, da je stikalo ali senzor (17) izbran v skupini, v kateri so Hallov senzor, induktivno stikalo, magnetni, kapacitivni ali optični senzor.8. Pulley with a rope winding stop mechanism according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the switch or sensor (17) is selected from the group consisting of a Hall sensor, an inductive switch, a magnetic, capacitive or optical sensor. 9. Škripec z mehanizmom za zaustavitev navijanja vrvi po predhodnem zahtevku, značilen po tem, da je senzor Hallov senzor (17) fiksno s pomočjo vijačenja ali podobnega načina pritrjevanja nameščen v utoru (12b) na zgornji strani ustja (12), kabel, ki povezuje senzor (17) s krmilnikom vitla pa je nameščen na primeren način po vodilu vrvi (12), prednostno znotraj zaščitnega ohišja, medtem ko je v potisnem elementu (14) v osnovnem položaju nad Hallovim senzorjem (17) nameščen permanentni magnet.9. Pulley with a mechanism for stopping the winding of the rope according to the previous claim, characterized in that the sensor Hall sensor (17) is fixed by means of screwing or a similar method of fastening in the groove (12b) on the upper side of the opening (12), the cable which connects the sensor (17) to the winch controller and is installed in a suitable way along the rope guide (12), preferably inside the protective housing, while a permanent magnet is installed in the push element (14) in the basic position above the Hall sensor (17). 10. Škripec z mehanizmom za zaustavitev navijanja vrvi po predhodnem zahtevku, značilen po tem, da izklop navijanja poteka tako, da se zaradi pomika potisnega elementa (14)premakne tudi magnet, pri čemer polprevodniško mikrovezje senzorja (17) izgubi signal oziroma magnetno polje zaradi premika magneta, na izhodu senzorja (17) se spremeni logično stanje iz 1 na 0, kar lahko zazna krmilnik vitla, na katerem je mehanizem za zaustavitev navijanja vrvi nameščen in prekine navijanje vrvi na boben ter s tem vlečenje bremena.10. Pulley with a mechanism for stopping the winding of the rope according to the preceding claim, characterized in that winding is switched off in such a way that the magnet also moves due to the movement of the pushing element (14), whereby the semiconductor microcircuit of the sensor (17) loses the signal or the magnetic field due to moves the magnet, the logic state at the output of the sensor (17) changes from 1 to 0, which can be detected by the winch controller, on which the mechanism for stopping the winding of the rope is installed, and interrupts the winding of the rope on the drum and thus the pulling of the load. 11. Gozdarski vitel s spodnjim škripcem z mehanizmom za zaustavitev navijanja vrvi po kateremkoli izmed predhodnih zahtevkov.11. A forestry winch with a lower pulley with a mechanism for stopping the winding of the rope according to any one of the preceding claims.
SI202100215A 2021-12-08 2021-12-08 Pulley with rope winding stop mechanism and the winch with said pulley SI26288A (en)

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SI202100215A SI26288A (en) 2021-12-08 2021-12-08 Pulley with rope winding stop mechanism and the winch with said pulley
EP22212374.7A EP4194390A1 (en) 2021-12-08 2022-12-08 A pulley with a mechanism for terminating rope winding and a winch with said pulley

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SI24997A (en) 2015-05-22 2016-11-30 PIĹ EK - VITLI KRPAN, d.o.o. A winch with a safety mechanism to stop the winding of the rope
SI25043A (en) * 2015-08-21 2017-02-28 Tajfun Planina Proizvodnja Strojev D.O.O. Forestry winch with an improved control of assembly for the controlled winding the tow rope on a winding drum
EP3450385B1 (en) * 2017-08-31 2020-07-08 Dmitrijs Volohovs Winch
SI26002A (en) * 2020-05-21 2021-11-30 PIŠEK - VITLI KRPAN, d.o.o. The lower pulley with a mechanism for stopping the winding of the rope and the winch with said pulley

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