SI26174A2 - Cutting and splitting machine - Google Patents

Cutting and splitting machine Download PDF

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Publication number
SI26174A2
SI26174A2 SI202100039A SI202100039A SI26174A2 SI 26174 A2 SI26174 A2 SI 26174A2 SI 202100039 A SI202100039 A SI 202100039A SI 202100039 A SI202100039 A SI 202100039A SI 26174 A2 SI26174 A2 SI 26174A2
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SI
Slovenia
Prior art keywords
circular saw
machine
cutting
splitting
housing
Prior art date
Application number
SI202100039A
Other languages
Slovenian (sl)
Inventor
Polak Marko
Original Assignee
Uniforest, D.O.O.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Uniforest, D.O.O. filed Critical Uniforest, D.O.O.
Priority to SI202100039A priority Critical patent/SI26174A2/en
Priority to SI202230020T priority patent/SI4056340T1/en
Priority to EP22159070.6A priority patent/EP4056340B1/en
Priority to FIEP22159070.6T priority patent/FI4056340T3/en
Publication of SI26174A2 publication Critical patent/SI26174A2/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27B—SAWS FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; COMPONENTS OR ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • B27B5/00—Sawing machines working with circular or cylindrical saw blades; Components or equipment therefor
    • B27B5/10—Wheeled circular saws; Circular saws designed to be attached to tractors or other vehicles and driven by same
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27B—SAWS FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; COMPONENTS OR ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • B27B5/00—Sawing machines working with circular or cylindrical saw blades; Components or equipment therefor
    • B27B5/16—Saw benches
    • B27B5/18—Saw benches with feedable circular saw blade, e.g. arranged on a carriage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27G—ACCESSORY MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR WORKING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS; TOOLS FOR WORKING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS; SAFETY DEVICES FOR WOOD WORKING MACHINES OR TOOLS
    • B27G21/00—Safety guards or devices specially designed for other wood-working machines auxiliary devices facilitating proper operation of said wood-working machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L7/00—Arrangements for splitting wood
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L7/00—Arrangements for splitting wood
    • B27L7/06—Arrangements for splitting wood using wedges, knives or spreaders

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Sawing (AREA)
  • Nonmetal Cutting Devices (AREA)

Abstract

Izum se nanaša na rezalno cepilni stroj za razrez hlodovine in cepljenje v polena, ki obsega ohišje (2) z nastavkom (3) s pravokotno skoznjo luknjo (4), cepilni del (5) s cepilnim nožem (6), rezalni del (7) s krožno žago (8), in vodilni mehanizem krožne žage, ki vodi žago horizontalno iz izhodiščnega položaja (A) v končni položaj (B) krožne žage in nazaj, pri čemer krožna žaga v izhodiščnem položaju vsaj deloma štrli iz ohišja skozi skoznjo luknjo (4) v nastavku, pregibni pokrov (9), ki se prilegapravokotni skoznji luknji (4) in lahko sprejme del krožne žage, pri čemer je pregibni pokrov (9) z ohišjem stroja povezan preko tečajev (10), ki sta linearno vodena v vodilih (11), razmeščenih na ohišju stroja tako, je pregibni pokrov moč linearno pomakniti iz transportnega položaja (C) pregibnega pokrova, v katerem je pregibni pokrov razmeščen priležno ob ohišju stroja, v smeri vodenja krožne žage v položaj, v katerem je odmaknjen od ohišja stroja, in ga je nato moč zasukati okrog tečajev v delovnipoložaj (D) pregibnega pokrova, v katerem lahko sprejme krožno žago v njenem izhodiščnem položaju (A). Prednost stroja po izumu je v tem, da ima stroj kljub horizontalni razmestitvi rezalnega in cepilnega dela majhno širino, kar omogoča transportiranje po ozkih poteh. Stroj omogoča istočasno delovanje dela za rezanje in dela za cepljenje. Nadaljnja prednost je v nizkem težišču stroja, ki zagotavlja večjo stabilnost stroja pri transportu.The invention relates to a cutting and splitting machine for cutting logs and splitting them into logs, which comprises a housing (2) with an attachment (3) with a rectangular through hole (4), a splitting part (5) with a splitting knife (6), a cutting part (7) ) with a circular saw (8), and a circular saw guiding mechanism that guides the saw horizontally from the starting position (A) to the final position (B) of the circular saw and back, whereby the circular saw in the starting position at least partially protrudes from the housing through the through hole (4) in the attachment, a hinged cover (9) that fits into the rectangular through hole (4) and can receive a part of the circular saw, whereby the hinged cover (9) is connected to the body of the machine via hinges (10) which are linearly guided in guides (11) arranged on the machine body in such a way, the folding cover can be moved linearly from the transport position (C) of the folding cover, in which the folding cover is arranged adjacent to the machine body, in the direction of guiding the circular saw to a position in which it is moved away from of the machine body, and it can then be rotated around the hinges in d the hinged cover's working position (D) in which it can accommodate the circular saw in its starting position (A). The advantage of the machine according to the invention is that, despite the horizontal arrangement of the cutting and splitting part, the machine has a small width, which enables it to be transported along narrow paths. The machine allows simultaneous operation of the cutting part and the splitting part. A further advantage is the low center of gravity of the machine, which ensures greater stability of the machine during transport.

Description

Rezalno cepilni stroj Tehnično področjeCutting splitting machine Technical field

Izum se nanaša na rezalno cepilni stroj za razrez hlodovine na posamezne kose in cepljenje kosov hlodovine v polena.The invention relates to a cutting and splitting machine for cutting logs into individual pieces and splitting log pieces into logs.

Stanje tehnikeState of the art

Rezalno cepilni stroj ima del za razrez hlodovine na posamezne kose in del za cepljenje kosov hlodovine v polena. Dela sta praviloma razmeščena drug poleg drugega. Iz stanja tehnike so znani rezalno cepilni stroji z dvema različnima razmestitvama dela za razrez in dela za cepljenje. Pri horizontalni izvedbi stroja sta dela razmeščena drug poleg drugega v horizontalni smeri. Krožna žaga v delu za razrez odreže kos hlodovine vnaprej določene dolžine, potisna loputa odrezan kos hlodovine nato prevali v del za cepljenje, kjer cepilni nož kos hlodovine razcepi v polena. Pri vertikalni izvedbi stroja sta dela razmeščena drug vrh drugega v vertikalni smeri. Krožna žaga v delu za razrez odreže kos hlodovine vnaprej določene dolžine, zadrževalna loputa se umakne tako, da odrezan kos hlodovine pod vplivom sile teže pade v del za cepljenje, kjer cepilni nož kos hlodovine razcepi v polena. Pri razrezu hlodovine se krožna žaga vedno giblje pravokotno na hlodovino. Dolžina giba krožne žage je enaka ali večja od največjega imenskega premera hlodovine. Pomik krožne žage je načeloma pri obeh izvedbah stroja lahko v horizontalni ali vertikalni smeri, ali pa pod nekim kotom med horizontalno in vertikalno smerjo. Krožna žaga mora biti ves čas zaščitena, tako zaradi varnosti pri delu kot tudi zaradi pravilnega odvajanja žagovine, ki nastaja pri procesu rezanja. Znani sta dve izvedbi zaščit in sicer fiksna (nepomična), ki je običajno nameščena na ogrodju stroja, in pomična, ki se premika skupaj s krožno žago med samim procesom rezanja. Pri horizontalnih rezalno cepilnih strojih je potrebno v primeru pomične zaščite iz varnostnih razlogov prav tako zavarovati območje pomika.The cutting and splitting machine has a part for cutting the log into individual pieces and a part for splitting the log pieces into logs. As a rule, the two works are arranged next to each other. From the state of the art, cutting and splitting machines are known with two different arrangements of the part for cutting and the part for splitting. In the horizontal version of the machine, the parts are arranged next to each other in the horizontal direction. The circular saw cuts a piece of log to a predetermined length in the cutting section, the pusher flap then rolls the cut piece of log into the splitting section, where the splitting knife splits the piece of log into logs. In the vertical version of the machine, the two parts are arranged on top of each other in the vertical direction. The circular saw cuts a piece of log of a predetermined length in the cutting section, the retaining flap is retracted so that the cut piece of log falls under the influence of gravity into the splitting section, where the splitting knife splits the piece of log into logs. When cutting a log, the circular saw always moves perpendicular to the log. The stroke length of the circular saw is equal to or greater than the maximum nominal diameter of the log. In principle, the movement of the circular saw in both machine versions can be in the horizontal or vertical direction, or at an angle between the horizontal and vertical directions. The circular saw must be protected at all times, both for safety at work and for the proper disposal of sawdust produced during the cutting process. Two types of guards are known: fixed (fixed), which is usually installed on the frame of the machine, and movable, which moves together with the circular saw during the cutting process itself. In the case of horizontal cutting and splitting machines, in the case of sliding protection, for safety reasons, it is also necessary to secure the sliding area.

Pri rezalno cepilnih strojih s krožno žago za razrez večjih dimenzij hlodovine (nad 40cm) se zaradi giba in dimenzij krožne žage bistveno povečajo tudi zunanje dimenzije rezalno cepilnega stroja.In the case of splitting machines with a circular saw for cutting logs of larger dimensions (over 40 cm), the outer dimensions of the splitting machine are significantly increased due to the movement and dimensions of the circular saw.

Rezalno cepilni stroji se pogosto uporabljajo na mestu poseka dreves, torej v gozdu. Gozdne poti so praviloma makadamske, ozke in neravne. Slabost horizontalnih rezalno cepilnih strojev je velika širina stroja, tj. dimenzija stroja, kije prečna na smer vožnje, kar predstavlja težavo pri njegovem transportiranju. Pri vertikalnih rezalno cepilnih strojih širina stroja sicer ne predstavlja težave, je pa težava v bistveno povečanih gabaritih stroja v vertikalni smeri, kar vpliva na višje težišče stroja in zmanjšanje njegove stabilnosti. Poleg tega je pri vertikalnih rezalno cepilnih strojih potreben podest za upravljavca stroja, na katerega se povzpne za upravljanje in nadzor delovanja, potrebna pa je tudi bistveno višja dodajalna napravo za hlodovino kot v primeru horizontalne izvedbe stroja. Dober kompromis med zahtevo po majhni višini in majhni širini stroja se zdi horizontalni rezalno cepilni stroj z vertikalnim pomikom krožne žage, a je pri takšni izvedbi onemogočeno hkratno delovanje dela za rezanje in dela za cepljenje, saj krožna žaga med delovnim gibom vsaj delno poseže v območje del za cepljenje.Cutting and splitting machines are often used at the place of felling of trees, i.e. in the forest. Forest paths are generally gravel, narrow and uneven. The disadvantage of horizontal cutting and splitting machines is the large width of the machine, i.e. the dimension of the machine, which is transverse to the direction of travel, which presents a problem when transporting it. In the case of vertical cutting and splitting machines, the width of the machine is not a problem, but the problem is in the significantly increased dimensions of the machine in the vertical direction, which affects the higher center of gravity of the machine and the reduction of its stability. In addition, vertical log splitters require a platform for the machine operator to climb on to manage and control the operation, and a significantly higher log feeder is also required than in the case of a horizontal machine design. A good compromise between the requirement for a small height and a small width of the machine seems to be a horizontal cutting and splitting machine with a vertical movement of the circular saw, but with this design, the simultaneous operation of the cutting and splitting parts is impossible, since the circular saw at least partially cuts into the area during the working movement grafting part.

Tehnični problemTechnical problem

Tehnični problem je, kako zasnovati rezalno cepilni stroj z razmeroma majhno širino in razmeroma nizkim težiščem, ki bo primeren za transportirani e po ozkih in neravnih gozdnih poteh, in ki bo omogočal učinkovito delovanje, tj. bo omogočal istočasno delovanje dela za rezanje in dela za cepljenje.The technical problem is how to design a cutting and splitting machine with a relatively small width and a relatively low center of gravity, which will be suitable for transporting e along narrow and uneven forest paths, and which will enable efficient operation, i.e. will allow simultaneous operation of the cutting part and the splitting part.

Rešitev tehničnega problemaSolving a technical problem

Tehnični problem je rešen z rezalno cepilnim strojem, ki obsega:The technical problem is solved with a cutting and splitting machine, which comprises:

ohišje stroja z nastavkom s pravokotno skoznjo luknjo, cepilni del, ki ima cepilni nož za cepljenje kosov hlodovine v polena, in ki je razmeščen v ohišju, rezalni del, ki je razmeščen v ohišju, in nadalje obsega krožno žago za rezanje hlodovine na kose, in vodilni mehanizem krožne žage, ki vodi krožno žago v bistvu horizontalno iz izhodiščnega položaja krožne žage v končni položaj tj. transportni položaj krožne žage in nazaj, pri čemer krožna žaga v izhodiščnem položaju krožne žage vsaj deloma štrli iz ohišja skozi pravokotno skoznjo luknjo v nastavku, pregibni pokrov, ki je v ravnini pravokotno na smer vodenja krožne žage tvorjen s pravokotnim prečnim prerezom, tako, da se v bistvu geometrijsko prilega pravokotni skoznji luknji v nastavku in da lahko sprejme del krožne žage, ki v izhodiščnem položaju krožne žage štrli iz ohišja, pri čemer je pregibni pokrov z ohišjem stroja povezan preko tečajev, ki sta linearno vodena v vodilih pregibnega pokrova, razmeščenih na ohišju stroja tako, je pregibni pokrov moč linearno pomakniti iz transportnega položaja pregibnega pokrova, v katerem je pregibni pokrov razmeščen priležno ob ohišju stroja, v smeri vodenja krožne žage v položaj, v katerem je odmaknjen od ohišja stroja, in ga je nato moč zasukati okrog tečajev v delovni položaj pregibnega pokrova, v katerem lahko sprejme krožno žago v njenem izhodiščnem položaju, pri čemer je pregibni pokrov opremljen s prvimi pritrdilnimi sredstvi za fiksiranje pregibnega pokrova v svojem transportnem položaju in z drugimi pritrdilnimi sredstvi za fiksiranje pregibnega pokrova v svojem delovnem položaju.a machine housing with an attachment having a rectangular through hole, a splitting part having a splitting knife for splitting log pieces into logs, and which is arranged in the housing, a cutting part, which is arranged in the housing, and further comprising a circular saw for cutting the log into pieces, and the guide mechanism of the circular saw, which guides the circular saw essentially horizontally from the starting position of the circular saw to the final position, i.e. transport position of the circular saw and back, whereby the circular saw in the starting position of the circular saw protrudes at least partially from the housing through a rectangular through hole in the attachment, a folding cover, which is formed by a rectangular cross-section in a plane perpendicular to the direction of the circular saw, so that fits essentially geometrically into the rectangular through-hole in the attachment and that it can receive a part of the circular saw that protrudes from the housing in the starting position of the circular saw, the folding cover being connected to the machine body via hinges which are linearly guided in the guides of the folding cover, located on the body of the machine so that the folding cover can be moved linearly from the transport position of the folding cover, in which the folding cover is located adjacent to the machine body, in the direction of guiding the circular saw to a position in which it is moved away from the machine body, and then it can be rotated around the hinges to the working position of the hinged cover, in which it can receive the circular saw in its starting position, whereby the folding cover is provided with first fastening means for fixing the folding cover in its transport position and with other fastening means for fixing the folding cover in its working position.

Pri transportiranju rezalno cepilnega stroja je krožna žaga blokirana v položaju, ki ustreza njenemu končnemu položaju. Blokiranje krožne žage v končnem položaju je pomembno z vidika varnosti, a ni predmet izuma. Izvede se lahko na različne načine v odvisnosti od konstrukcije stroja. Če je stroj opremljen z elektronskim krmiljenjem, je blokiranje moč enostavno izvesti elektronsko. Če je stroj brez elektronskega krmiljenja, pa je tudi blokiranje krožne žage izvedeno mehansko. Primer takšnega blokiranja je opisan v nadaljevanju. Pregibni pokrov je s svojo vzdolžno razsežnostjo razmeščen priležno ob ohišju rezalno cepilnega stroja, ko je le-ta pripravljen za transportiranje, s čimer se zagotovi manjšo širino rezalno cepilnega stroja pri transportiran] u.When transporting the cutting and splitting machine, the circular saw is blocked in a position corresponding to its final position. Locking the circular saw in the final position is important from the point of view of safety, but is not the subject of the invention. It can be done in different ways depending on the construction of the machine. If the machine is equipped with electronic control, power blocking can be easily done electronically. If the machine is without electronic control, the blocking of the circular saw is also done mechanically. An example of such blocking is described below. The folding cover with its longitudinal dimension is placed conveniently next to the housing of the cutting and splitting machine when it is ready for transport, thus ensuring a smaller width of the cutting and splitting machine when transported.

Prednost rezalno cepilnega stroja po izumu je v tem, da ima rezalno cepilni stroj kljub horizontalni razmestitvi rezalnega in cepilnega dela zaradi pregibnega pokrova razmeroma majhno širino, kar omogoča transportiranje po ozkih poteh. Stroj omogoča učinkovito delovanje, tj. omogoča istočasno delovanje dela za rezanje in dela za cepljenje. Nadaljnja prednost rezalno cepilnega stroja po izumu je v tem, da ima zaradi horizontalne razmestitve rezalnega in cepilnega dela stroja le-ta nizko težišče, ki zagotavlja večjo stabilnost rezalno cepilnega stroja pri transportu in pa razmeroma majhno višino stroja, ki upravljavcu stroja omogoča upravljanje in nadzor stroja s tal.The advantage of the cutting and splitting machine according to the invention is that, despite the horizontal arrangement of the cutting and splitting part, the cutting and splitting machine has a relatively small width due to the folding cover, which enables transportation along narrow paths. The machine enables efficient operation, i.e. enables the simultaneous operation of the cutting part and the splitting part. A further advantage of the cutting and splitting machine according to the invention is that, due to the horizontal arrangement of the cutting and splitting part of the machine, it has a low center of gravity, which ensures greater stability of the cutting and splitting machine during transport, and a relatively small height of the machine, which allows the operator of the machine to manage and control of the machine from the ground.

Slika 1: Rezalno cepilni stroj s krožno žago v izhodiščnem položajuFigure 1: Cutting and splitting machine with circular saw in starting position

Slika 2: Rezalno cepilni stroj s krožno žago v končnem položajuFigure 2: Cutting and splitting machine with circular saw in final position

Slika 3: Rezalno cepilni stroj s pregibnim pokrovom v transportnem položajuFigure 3: Cutting and splitting machine with hinged cover in transport position

Slika 4: Rezalno cepilni stroj s pregibnim pokrovom v transportnem položaju - tloris Slika 5: Rezalno cepilni stroj s pregibnim pokrovom v odmaknjenem položaju - tloris Slika 6: Rezalno cepilni stroj s pregibnim pokrovom v odmaknjenem položaju Slika 7: Mehanizem za blokiranje krožne žage - detajlFigure 4: Splitter with hinged cover in transport position - floor plan Figure 5: Splitter with hinged cover in retracted position - plan Figure 6: Splitter with hinged lid in retracted position Figure 7: Circular saw blocking mechanism - detail

Slika 8: Mehanizem za blokiranje krožne žage v blokiranem položaju - detajlFigure 8: Mechanism for blocking the circular saw in the blocked position - detail

Slika 9: Mehanizem za zaklepanje pregibnega pokrova - detajlFigure 9: Folding cover locking mechanism - detail

Slika 10: Rezalno cepilni stroj s pregibnim pokrovom v delovnem položajuFigure 10: Cutting and splitting machine with hinged cover in working position

V nadaljevanju je izum opisan podrobneje.In the following, the invention is described in more detail.

Tehnični problem je rešen z rezalno cepilnim strojem 1, ki obsega: ohišje 2 stroja z nastavkom 3 s pravokotno skoznjo luknjo 4, cepilni del 5, ki ima cepilni nož 6 za cepljenje kosov hlodovine v polena, in ki je razmeščen v ohišju, rezalni del 7, ki je razmeščen v ohišju, in nadalje obsega krožno žago 8 za rezanje hlodovine na kose, in vodilni mehanizem krožne žage, ki vodi krožno žago v bistvu horizontalno iz izhodiščnega položaja A krožne žage v končni položaj B tj. transportni položaj krožne žage in nazaj, pri čemer krožna žaga v izhodiščnem položaju krožne žage vsaj deloma štrli iz ohišja skozi pravokotno skoznjo luknjo v nastavku, pregibni pokrov, ki je v ravnini pravokotno na smer vodenja krožne žage tvorjen s pravokotnim prečnim prerezom, tako, da se v bistvu geometrijsko prilega pravokotni skoznji luknji 4 v nastavku in da lahko sprejme del krožne žage, ki v izhodiščnem položaju krožne žage štrli iz ohišja, pri čemer je pregibni pokrov 9 z ohišjem stroja povezan preko tečajev 10, ki sta linearno vodena v vodilih 11 pregibnega pokrova, razmeščenih na ohišju stroja tako, je pregibni pokrov moč linearno pomakniti iz transportnega položaja C pregibnega pokrova, v katerem je pregibni pokrov razmeščen priležno ob ohišju stroja, v smeri vodenja krožne žage v odmaknjen položaj C, v katerem je odmaknjen od ohišja stroja, in ga je nato moč zasukati okrog tečajev v delovni položaj D pregibnega pokrova, v katerem lahko sprejme krožno žago v njenem izhodiščnem položaju A, pri čemer je pregibni pokrov 9 opremljen s prvimi pritrdilnimi sredstvi 12 za fiksiranje pregibnega pokrova v svojem transportnem položaju C in z drugimi pritrdilnimi sredstvi 13 za fiksiranje pregibnega pokrova v svojem delovnem položaju D.The technical problem is solved with a cutting-splitting machine 1, which comprises: machine body 2 with an attachment 3 with a rectangular through-hole 4, a splitting part 5, which has a splitting knife 6 for splitting pieces of logs into logs, and which is located in the body, a cutting part 7, which is placed in the housing, and further comprises a circular saw 8 for cutting the log into pieces, and a guide mechanism of the circular saw, which guides the circular saw essentially horizontally from the starting position A of the circular saw to the final position B, i.e. transport position of the circular saw and back, whereby the circular saw in the starting position of the circular saw protrudes at least partially from the housing through a rectangular through hole in the attachment, a folding cover, which is formed by a rectangular cross-section in a plane perpendicular to the direction of the circular saw, so that essentially geometrically fits the rectangular through hole 4 in the attachment and that it can receive a part of the circular saw, which in the initial position of the circular saw protrudes from the housing, whereby the hinged cover 9 is connected to the machine housing via hinges 10, which are linearly guided in the guides 11 of the folding cover arranged on the machine body in such a way, the folding cover can be moved linearly from the transport position C of the folding cover, in which the folding cover is arranged adjacent to the machine body, in the direction of guiding the circular saw to the offset position C, in which it is moved away from the machine body , and it can then be rotated around the hinges into the working position D of the hinged cover, in which it can receive the circular saw in its outlet search position A, wherein the hinged cover 9 is equipped with first fastening means 12 for fixing the hinged cover in its transport position C and with other fastening means 13 for fixing the hinged cover in its working position D.

Krožna žaga 8 opravi delovni gib, pri katerem odreže kos hlodovine, s premikom iz izhodiščnega položaja A v končni položaj B. Pri povratnem, nedelovnem gibu se krožna žaga vrne iz končnega položaja B nazaj v izhodiščni položaj A.The circular saw 8 performs a working movement, in which it cuts a piece of log, by moving from the starting position A to the final position B. In the return, non-working movement, the circular saw returns from the final position B back to the starting position A.

Vodilni mehanizem krožne žage je lahko tvorjen z linearnimi vodili krožne žage ali z ročico, ki je z enim koncem tečajno vpeta v ohišju stroja in na drugem koncu katere je vrtljivo nameščena krožna žaga.The guide mechanism of the circular saw can be formed by linear guides of the circular saw or by a lever which is hinged at one end in the machine housing and at the other end of which the circular saw is rotatably mounted.

V bistvu horizontalno vodenje krožne žage pomeni, da je krožna žaga vodena v linearnem vodilu, usmerjenim v bistvu v horizontalni smeri, ali pa je krožna žaga tečajno uležajena s pomočjo ročice tako, da se giblje po krožnem loku, katerega tetiva je usmerjena v bistvu v horizontalni smeri.Essentially horizontal guiding of a circular saw means that the circular saw is guided in a linear guide directed in a substantially horizontal direction, or the circular saw is pivoted by means of a lever so that it moves along a circular arc, the chord of which is directed substantially in horizontal directions.

Daljša stranica pregibnega pokrova, ki leži nasproti stranice s tečajema, je opremljena s podaljškom 14 tako, da podaljšek pokriva pravokotno skoznjo luknjo 4 v nastavku ohišja v transportnem položaju C pregibnega pokrova, s čimer se prepreči poseganje v področje krožne žage. V delovnem položaju D pregibnega pokrova podaljšek 14 nalega na daljšo stranico nastavka ohišja stroja, s čimer se zagotovi osna poravnanost pregibnega pokrova 9 z nastavkom 3 ohišja v smeri vodenja krožne žage.The longer side of the hinged cover, which lies opposite the side with the hinges, is equipped with an extension 14 so that the extension covers the rectangular through hole 4 in the housing attachment in the transport position C of the hinged cover, thereby preventing encroachment into the area of the circular saw. In the working position D of the folding cover, the extension 14 rests on the longer side of the attachment of the machine housing, which ensures the axial alignment of the folding cover 9 with the attachment 3 of the housing in the direction of guiding the circular saw.

Pregibni pokrov 9 je s svojo vzdolžno razsežnostjo razmeščen priležno ob ohišju rezalno cepilnega stroja, ko je le-ta pripravljen za transportiranje, s čimer se zagotovi manjšo širino rezalno cepilnega stroja pri transportiraniu. Pred začetkom dela se sprostijo prva pritrdilna sredstva 12 pregibnega pokrova, pregibni pokrov se linearno pomakne v linearnem vodilu 11, da zavzame od ohišja stroja odmaknjen položaj, nato pa se zasuče okrog tečajev 10 za v bistvu 90° v delovni položaj D pregibnega pokrova, v katerem je osno poravnan z nastavkom 3 ohišja, ter se v tem položaju fiksira z drugimi pritrdilnimi sredstvi 13. Krožna žaga 8 se nato deblokira, s čimer se omogoči njeno gibanje iz končnega položaja B krožne žage v njen izhodiščni položaj A in nazaj. Krožna žaga je tako med delovanjem stroja ves čas zaščitena, tj. onemogočenje dostop uporabnika stroja do krožne žage. Po zaključku dela se izvede postopek v obratnem vrstnem redu, da se rezalno cepilni stroj ponovno spravi v položaj, primeren za transportiranje.The folding cover 9, with its longitudinal dimension, is placed conveniently next to the housing of the cutting and splitting machine when it is ready for transport, thus ensuring a smaller width of the cutting and splitting machine during transport. Before starting the work, the first fastening means 12 of the hinged lid are released, the hinged lid is moved linearly in the linear guide 11 to take a position away from the machine body, and then it is rotated around the hinges 10 by essentially 90° to the working position D of the hinged lid, in which is axially aligned with the attachment 3 of the housing, and is fixed in this position with other fastening means 13. The circular saw 8 is then unblocked, thereby enabling its movement from the end position B of the circular saw to its starting position A and back. The circular saw is thus protected at all times during machine operation, i.e. preventing machine user access to the circular saw. After the work is completed, the process is carried out in reverse order to bring the cutting and splitting machine back into a position suitable for transport.

V nadaljevanju je opisan primer blokiranja krožne žage 8 v njenem končnem položaju B za mehansko delujoč rezalno cepilni stroj, pri katerem je pomik krožne žage izveden s pomočjo enostransko delujočega hidravličnega valja, ki izvede delovni gib krožne žage, medtem, ko je povratni gib izveden s pomočjo vzmeti. Blokiranje se izvede s pomočjo namenskega ključa 20, katerega en konec je prirejen, da se natakne na vzvodno ročico 21, ki je skrita v ohišju stroja in dosegljiva skozi režo 22 v ohišju stroja. Vzvodna ročica se nato premakne v zaprt položaj, s čimer se zapre ventil 23 hidravličnega valja in hkrati premakne zapah 24 pokrova stroja, s čimer blokira pokrov 25 stroja, da ga ni moč odpreti. S potegom krmilne ročice za rezanje hlodovine se krožna žaga s pomočjo hidravličnega valja pomakne v končni položaj B, kjer zaradi zaprtega hidravličnega ventila tudi obstane. Izklopiti je potrebno pogon vrtenja krožne žage. Namenski ključ 20 se odstrani z vzvodne ročice. Nato se pregibni pokrov 9, kije zaklenjen v svojem delovnem položaju D, s pomočjo istega namenskega ključa, katerega drug konec je prirejen za zaklepanje oz. odklepanje pregibnega pokrova, odklene, s čimer se pregibni pokrov sprosti in se lahko prestavi v svoj transportni položaj C, v katerem se fiksira s pomočjo prvih pritrdilnih sredstev 12. Ključavnica 26 pregibnega pokrova je zasnovana tako, da namenskega ključa ni mogoče izvleči iz ključavnice, ko je pregibni pokrov odklenjen.The following describes an example of blocking the circular saw 8 in its final position B for a mechanically operated cutting and splitting machine, in which the movement of the circular saw is carried out with the help of a unilaterally acting hydraulic cylinder, which performs the working movement of the circular saw, while the return movement is carried out with with the help of springs. The blocking is done with the help of a special key 20, one end of which is adapted to be put on the lever arm 21, which is hidden in the machine housing and accessible through a slot 22 in the machine housing. The lever is then moved to the closed position, thereby closing the valve 23 of the hydraulic cylinder and at the same time moving the latch 24 of the machine cover, thereby blocking the machine cover 25 so that it cannot be opened. By pulling the control lever for cutting logs, the circular saw moves with the help of a hydraulic cylinder to the end position B, where it stops due to the closed hydraulic valve. It is necessary to switch off the rotation drive of the circular saw. The dedicated key 20 is removed from the lever. Then, the folding cover 9, which is locked in its working position D, with the help of the same dedicated key, the other end of which is adapted for locking or unlocking the hinged lid, unlocks, thereby releasing the hinged lid and allowing it to be moved to its transport position C, in which it is fixed by means of the first fastening means 12. The lock 26 of the hinged lid is designed in such a way that the dedicated key cannot be extracted from the lock, when the hinged cover is unlocked.

Claims (5)

Patentni zahtevkiPatent claims 1. Rezalno cepilni stroj (1), ki obsega:1. Cutting and splitting machine (1), comprising: ohišje (2) stroja, cepilni del (5), ki ima cepilni nož (6) za cepljenje kosov hlodovine v polena, in ki je razmeščen v ohišju, rezalni del (7), ki je razmeščen v ohišju, in nadalje obsega krožno žago (8) za rezanje hlodovine na kose, in vodilni mehanizem krožne žage, ki vodi krožno žago v bistvu horizontalno iz izhodiščnega položaja (A) krožne žage v končni položaj (B) tj. transportni položaj krožne žage in nazaj, značilen po tem, da ima ohišje nastavek (3) s pravokotno skoznjo luknjo (4), skozi katero krožna žaga v izhodiščnem položaju (A) krožne žage vsaj deloma štrli iz ohišja, in da rezalno cepilni stroj nadalje obsega pregibni pokrov (9), ki je v ravnini pravokotno na smer vodenja krožne žage tvorjen s pravokotnim prečnim prerezom, tako, da se v bistvu geometrijsko prilega pravokotni skoznji luknji (4) v nastavku in da lahko sprejme del krožne žage, ki v izhodiščnem položaju krožne žage štrli iz ohišja, pri čemer je pregibni pokrov (9) z ohišjem stroja povezan preko tečajev (10), ki sta linearno vodena v vodilih (11) pregibnega pokrova, razmeščenih na ohišju stroja tako, je pregibni pokrov moč linearno pomakniti iz transportnega položaja (C) pregibnega pokrova, v katerem je pregibni pokrov razmeščen priležno ob ohišju stroja, v smeri vodenja krožne žage v položaj, v katerem je odmaknjen od ohišja stroja, in ga je nato moč zasukati okrog tečajev v delovni položaj (D) pregibnega pokrova, v katerem lahko sprejme krožno žago v njenem izhodiščnem položaju (A), pri čemer je pregibni pokrov (9) opremljen s prvimi pritrdilnimi sredstvi (12) za fiksiranje pregibnega pokrova v svojem transportnem položaju (C) in z drugimi pritrdilnimi sredstvi (13) za fiksiranje pregibnega pokrova v svojem delovnem položaju (D).housing (2) of the machine, a splitting part (5) having a splitting knife (6) for splitting log pieces into logs, and which is located in the housing, a cutting part (7) which is located in the housing, and further comprises a circular saw (8) for cutting the log into pieces, and a guide mechanism of the circular saw which guides the circular saw substantially horizontally from the starting position (A) of the circular saw to the final position (B) i.e. transport position of the circular saw and back, characterized by the fact that the housing has an attachment (3) with a rectangular through hole (4) through which the circular saw in the starting position (A) of the circular saw protrudes at least partially from the housing, and that the cutting and splitting machine further comprises a folding cover (9), which is formed in a plane perpendicular to the direction of the circular saw with a rectangular cross-section, so that it essentially geometrically fits the rectangular through-hole (4) in the attachment and that it can receive a part of the circular saw, which in the initial in the position of the circular saw, it protrudes from the housing, whereby the folding cover (9) is connected to the machine body via hinges (10), which are linearly guided in the guides (11) of the folding cover, arranged on the machine housing so that the folding cover can be moved linearly from of the transport position (C) of the hinged cover, in which the hinged cover is placed snug against the machine body, in the direction of guiding the circular saw to a position in which it is moved away from the machine body, and can then be rotated around the hinges in the de the hunting position (D) of the folding cover in which it can receive the circular saw in its initial position (A), the folding cover (9) being equipped with first fastening means (12) for fixing the folding cover in its transport position (C) and with other fastening means (13) to fix the hinged cover in its working position (D). 2. Rezalno cepilni stroj (1) po zahtevku 1, značilen po tem, da je daljša stranica pregibnega pokrova, ki leži nasproti stranice s tečajema, opremljena s podaljškom (14) tako, da podaljšek pokriva pravokotno skoznjo luknjo (4) v nastavku ohišja v transportnem položaju (C) pregibnega pokrova in tako, da v delovnem položaju (D) pregibnega pokrova podaljšek (14) nalega na daljšo stranico nastavka ohišja stroja.2. Cutting and splitting machine (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the longer side of the folding cover, which lies opposite the side with the hinges, is equipped with an extension (14) so that the extension covers the rectangular through hole (4) in the housing extension in the transport position (C) of the folding cover and in such a way that in the working position (D) of the folding cover the extension (14) rests on the longer side of the attachment of the machine housing. 3. Rezalno cepilni stroj po zahtevku 1 ali 2, značilen po tem, da je opremljen z blokimimi sredstvi za blokiranje krožne žage v njenem končnem položaju (B).3. A cutting and splitting machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is equipped with blocking means for blocking the circular saw in its final position (B). 4. Rezalno cepilni stroj po zahtevku 3, značilen po tem, da so blokima sredstva elektronska blokima sredstva.4. Cutting and splitting machine according to claim 3, characterized in that the block means are electronic block means. 5. Rezalno cepilni stroj po zahtevku 3, značilen po tem, da so blokima sredstva mehanska blokima sredstva.5. Cutting and splitting machine according to claim 3, characterized in that the block means are mechanical block means.
SI202100039A 2021-03-12 2021-03-12 Cutting and splitting machine SI26174A2 (en)

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EP22159070.6A EP4056340B1 (en) 2021-03-12 2022-02-28 Cutting and splitting machine
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