SI25063A - A surge arrester - Google Patents
A surge arrester Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- SI25063A SI25063A SI201600209A SI201600209A SI25063A SI 25063 A SI25063 A SI 25063A SI 201600209 A SI201600209 A SI 201600209A SI 201600209 A SI201600209 A SI 201600209A SI 25063 A SI25063 A SI 25063A
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- signaling
- pin
- overvoltage
- housing
- indicator strip
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
- H01T1/12—Means structurally associated with spark gap for recording operation thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
- H01T1/14—Means structurally associated with spark gap for protecting it against overload or for disconnecting it in case of failure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T4/00—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps
- H01T4/10—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps having a single gap or a plurality of gaps in parallel
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- Fuses (AREA)
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Naloga izuma je prenapetostni odvodnik za elektrotehnične naprave s kazalnikom okvare s signalizacijskim zatičem, ki je posredno ali neposredno prestavljiv iz izhodiščnega položaja, ki signalizira sposobnost delovanja prenapetostnega odvodnika, v položaj kazanja okvare ob kvarnem segrevanju prenapetostnega odvodnika, pri čemer se signalizacijski zatič drži v izhodiščnem položaju v legi, ki je prednapeta proti sili vzmeti, in je s tem prestavljiv v položaj kazanja okvare, da kratkostični tok teče preko prenapetostnega odvodnika in le-tega ali njegove konstrukcijske dele segreje, izboljšati tako, da ga je moč izdelati stroškovno ugodno in preprosto z zgolj manjšo porabo časa s tem, da držalni del iz nizko taljivega lota v izhodiščnem položaju, ki ga drži prenapetostni odvodnik, drži signalizacijski zatič, pri čemer držalni del zadržuje dele prenapetostnega odvodnika, ki se v primeru okvare segrejejo, in se v primeru okvare pri segrevanju delov prenapetostnega odvodnika stali in sprosti signalizacijski zatič.An object of the invention is an overvoltage arrester for electrotechnical devices with an indicator of a failure with a signaling pin which is directly or indirectly resilient from the baseline position signaling the ability of the surge arrester to operate in the position of indicating a failure upon a faulty heating of the overvoltage arrester, the signaling pin being held in the base position in the position which is prestressed against the force of the spring, and thus is capable of being positioned in the position indicating the failure, that the short-circuit current flows through the surge arrester and heats it or its construction parts, it is improved so that it can be made cost-effective and easy with only a little time consuming by holding a retaining part from the low-melting lithium in the baseline position held by the surge arrester with a signaling pin, the retaining portion retaining parts of the overvoltage arrester which, in the event of a failure, is heated, and in the event of a malfunction when heating parts of the overvoltage a arrestor stopped and released a signaling pin.
Description
PRENAPETOSTNI ODVODNIKOVERVOLTAGE ARM
Tehnično področjeTechnical area
Izum se nanaša na prenapetostni odvodnik za elektrotehnične naprave, pri čemer ima prenapetostni odvodnik na svojem ohišju ali v svojem ohišju kazalnik okvare s signalizacijskim zatičem, ki je posredno ali neposredno prestavljiv iz izhodiščnega položaja, ki signalizira sposobnost delovanja prenapetostnega odvodnika, v položaj kazanja okvare ob kvarnem segrevanju prenapetostnega odvodnika, pri čemer se signalizacijski zatič drži v izhodiščnem položaju v legi, ki je prednapeta proti sili vzmeti, in je s tem prestavljiv v položaj kazanja okvare, da tok teče preko prenapetostnega odvodnika in le-tega ali njegove konstrukcijske dele segreje.The invention relates to an overvoltage arrester for electrical appliances, wherein the overvoltage arrester has, on its housing or in its housing, a failure indicator with a signaling pin, which can be directly or indirectly adjustable from a starting position signaling the ability of the overvoltage arrester to function faulty heating of the surge arrester, keeping the signaling pin in the starting position in a position that is biased against the force of the spring, and thus adjustable to the fault indication position so that the current flows through the surge arrester and its or its structural parts.
Takšni prenapetostni odvodniki so znani iz stanja tehnike in se v praksi pogosto uporabljajo.Such surge arresters are known in the art and are commonly used in practice.
Pri tem se takšni prenapetostni odvodniki, ki običajno obsegajo prenapetostno zaščitno sredstvo kot npr. iskrišče in po potrebi vsaj en nadaljnji električni konstrukcijski del, ki je vezan zaporedno z njim, pogosto razmestijo znotraj ohišja, ki je vezano med faznim vodnikom in vodnikom PE ali vodnikom N.Such surge arresters, which typically comprise a surge protector such as e.g. the spark gap and, where appropriate, at least one further electrical structural member, which is connected in series with it, are often located inside the housing, which is connected between the phase conductor and the PE conductor or N conductor.
Pri takšnih prenapetostnih odvodnikih je znano, da se dodeli signalizacijski zatič, ki komunicira s kazalnikom okvare, ki kaže stanje pripravljenosti za delovanje v izhodiščnem položaju signalizacijskega zatiča in ki je v sproščeni in spremenjeni legi prestavljiv v položaj kazanja okvare, ki se s pomočjo kazalnika okvare kaže uporabniku.In such overvoltage arresters, it is known to assign a signaling pin that communicates with a failure indicator indicating the ready state for operation at the starting position of the signaling pin and which, in the released and changed position, is adjustable to a fault indication position which can be disengaged by the failure indicator shows the user.
Prenapetostna odvodnika podobne vrste sta npr. znana iz DE 36 39 533 Al in iz DE 10 2009 012 931 Al.For example, surge arresters of a similar type are e.g. known from DE 36 39 533 Al and from DE 10 2009 012 931 Al.
Pri prenapetostnih odvodnikih, znanih iz stanja tehnike, je npr. signalizacijski zatič prilotan na ohišje ali na del ohišja prenapetostnega odvodnika, pri čemer se lot po kratkem stiku iskrišča stali in sprosti signalizacij ski zatič. Izrablja se torej segrevanje v primeru okvare, da se prilotan signalizacij ski zatič loči od prenapetostnega odvodnika, in se kazalnik okvare iz izhodiščnega položaja prestavi v položaj kazanja okvare.For surge arresters known in the art, e.g. the signaling pin attached to the housing or part of the housing of the surge arrester, whereby the lot, after a short contact, sparkles and releases the signaling pin. Therefore, heat is used in the event of a failure to separate the accessory signaling pin from the surge arrester and move the failure indicator from the starting position to the fault indication position.
Prilotanje signalizacijskega zatiča z ohišjem ali delom ohišja je časovno zamudno in stroškovno neugodno.Attaching a signaling pin to a housing or part of a housing is time-consuming and costly.
Na osnovi uvodoma omenjenega stanja tehnike je naloga izuma izboljšati prenapetostni odvodnik uvodoma omenjenega stanja tehnike, da ga bo moč izdelati stroškovno ugodno in preprosto z zgolj manjšo porabo časa.On the basis of the aforementioned prior art, it is an object of the invention to improve the surge arrester of the aforementioned prior art so that it can be made cost-effective and simple with only a reduced amount of time.
Za rešitev naloge izum predlaga, da držalni del iz nizko taljivega lota v izhodiščnem položaju, ki ga drži prenapetostni odvodnik, drži signalizacij ski zatič, pri čemer držalni del zadržuje dele prenapetostnega odvodnika, ki se v primeru okvare segrejejo, in se v primeru okvare pri segrevanju delov prenapetostnega odvodnika stali in sprosti signalizacij ski zatič.In order to solve the problem, the invention proposes that the low-melt lot holder in the starting position held by the surge arrester holds the signaling pin, the retaining part retains the surge arrester parts which, in the event of failure, heat up and, in the event of failure, heating the parts of the surge arrester stops and releases the signaling ski pin.
Skladno s to izvedbo se signalizacijski zatič z držalnim delom iz nizko taljivega lota, ki se izdela stroškovno ugodno in preprosto, zadržuje na delih prenapetostnega odvodnika, ki se v primeru okvare segrejejo. S tem še zlasti časovno zamudno in stroškovno neugodno lotanje signalizacij skega zatiča z deli, kot npr. deli ohišja, prenapetostnega odvodnika ni več potrebno, s čimer se prihrani čas in stroški.According to this embodiment, the signaling pin with a low-fusible lot holding member, which is made cost-effective and simple, is held in place by the parts of the surge arrester which, in the event of failure, heat up. This, in particular, is a time-consuming and cost-disadvantageous cracking of signaling pins with parts, such as eg. parts of the housing, overvoltage arrester is no longer needed, saving time and cost.
Držalni del torej drži signalizacijski zatič v položaju, ki je prednapet proti vzmeti, in ga sprosti, kakor hitro se v primeru sprostitve prenapetostnega odvodnika deli prenapetostnega odvodnika segrejejo in se držalni del iz nizko taljivega lota stali tako, da se lahko giblje s pomočjo sile vzmeti, ki se sprosti, da se kazalnik okvare prestavi v položaj kazanja okvare.The holding part therefore holds the signal pin in a pre-tensioned position against the spring and releases it as soon as the surge arrester parts are released and the low-melt lot holding part is restrained so that it can be moved by the force of the spring , which is released to move the fault indicator to the fault indication position.
Pri tem se lahko prenos toplote v primeru prenapetosti izvaja ne zgolj preko delov ohišja, ampak po potrebi tudi preko masivnih kontaktov prenapetostnega odvodnika, ki v primeru sprostitve sprejmejo toploto in jo prenesejo na držalni del tako, da se leta stali. Takšna ohišja ali deli naprave običajno sestojijo iz dobro toplotno prevodnega materiala.In this case, the heat transfer in case of overvoltage can be carried out not only through the parts of the housing, but also, if necessary, through the massive contacts of the overvoltage arrester, which in the event of release accept the heat and transfer it to the holding part so that the years melt. Such housings or parts of the apparatus generally consist of a good thermal conductive material.
Držalni del lahko pri tem sestoji iz znane zlitine, npr. bizmutove zlitine s tališčem od približno 110°C do 140°C.The holding member may consist of a known alloy, e.g. bismuth alloys with a melting point of about 110 ° C to 140 ° C.
Signalizacijski zatič lahko na primer sestoji iz tlačno litega cinka, ki ima v bistvu višje tališče kot držalni del tako, da taleč držalni del nima vpliva nanj v primeru taljenja držalnega dela v primeru sprožitve prenapetostnega odvodnika.For example, the signaling pin may consist of a die-cast zinc having a substantially higher melting point than the holding portion so that the melting holding portion does not affect it in the case of melting of the holding portion in the event of a surge arrester being triggered.
Na znan način je lahko zlasti prednostno predvideno, da je signalizacijski zatič operativno povezan s stikalnim kontaktom mikrostikala, ki je električno povezano z daljinsko signalizacijo, v kateri je prikazano stikalno stanje.In a known manner, it may be particularly advantageous to foresee that the signaling pin is operatively connected to a switch contact of a microswitch electrically connected to the remote signaling in which the switching state is displayed.
S tem je mogoče dodatno k kazalniku okvare, ki je razmeščen na ali v ohišju prenapetostnega odvodnika, priklopiti daljinsko signaliziranje, na primer v stikalni napravi ali v računalniškem sistemu, ki je povezan s prenapetostnim sistemom. S tem se lahko tudi pri prekrito vgrajenem ali prigrajenem prenapetostnem odvodniku zmožnost delovanja ali nezmožnost delovanja prenapetostnega odvodnika prikaže oddaljeno. V ta namen se signalizacijski zatič preklopi po taljenju držalnega dela in sprosti vzmet stikalnega kontakta mikrostikala. Stikalni kontakt mikrostikala je s tem razmeščen v smeri gibanja signalizacijskega zatiča in se v primeru sprožitve po sprostitvi in gibanju signalizacij skega zatiča pri sprostitvi vzmeti preklopi s pomočjo staljenega držalnega dela.In this way, remote signaling, for example, in a switchgear or in a computer system connected to the surge system, can be connected to the fault indicator located on or in the housing of the surge arrester. In this case, even if the surge arrester is installed or attached, the ability to operate or the operation of the surge arrester may not be displayed remotely. To this end, the signaling pin switches after the holding part is melted and the microswitch contact spring spring is released. The contact switch of the microswitch is thus positioned in the direction of movement of the signaling pin and, in the event of triggering after the release and movement of the signaling pins, is switched by the molten holding part when the spring is released.
• · • · · ·• · · · ·
Zlasti je lahko posebej prednostno predvideno, da je signalizacijski zatič vzdolžno voden na kovinskem delu ohišja prenapetostnega odvodnika in ima zarezo ali podobno vdolbino, v kateri blokimo ubira del držalnega dela.In particular, it may be particularly advantageous to provide that the signaling pin is longitudinally guided on the metal part of the housing of the overvoltage arrester and has a notch or similar recess in which the block engages a portion of the holding portion.
Pri tem se signalizacij ski zatič drži zgolj v področju njegove zareze proti sili vzmeti tako, da kakor hitro se držalni del, ki je razmeščen v zarezi ali podobni vdolbini, stali, se signalizacij ski zatič sprosti in se po sprostitvi giblje v skladu z vzdolžnim vodilom.In this case, the signaling pin is held solely in the area of its force notch of the spring so that as soon as the retaining member located in the notch or similar recess is melted, the signaling pin is released and moves in accordance with the longitudinal guide upon release. .
Zlasti je lahko pri tem posebej prednostno predvideno, da držalni del sestoji iz somika.In particular, it may be particularly advantageous to assume that the holding portion consists of a catfish.
Uporaba somika kot držalnega dela predstavlja zlasti stroškovno ugodno in preprosto rešitev za realizacijo. Pri tem lahko somik sestoji iz odseka droga, s čimer pride do zlasti nizkih izdelovalnih stroškov.The use of catfish as a holding part is a particularly cost-effective and easy-to-use solution. In doing so, the velvet can consist of a pole section, resulting in particularly low manufacturing costs.
Nadalje je lahko zlasti prednostno predvideno, da je v delu ohišja razmeščena prva luknja, v kateri je signalizacij ski zatič vzdolžno voden približno vzporedno s steno ohišja, pri čemer je v delu ohišja tvorjena druga luknja, ki je razmeščena prečno na prvo luknjo, to v delnem področju seka, in je v izhodiščnem položaju somik razmeščen, da sega skozi zarezo signalizacij skega zatiča.Furthermore, it may be particularly advantageous to provide in the housing part a first hole in which the signaling pin is longitudinally guided approximately parallel to the wall of the housing, wherein a second hole is formed in the housing portion transversely to the first hole, i.e. in the intersecting region, and in the initial position, the venom is disposed to extend through the notch of the signaling pin.
S tako zgradbo dveh prečno druga na drugo razmeščenih lukenj se lahko po eni strani signalizacij ski zatič in po drugi strani somik za položajno zavarovanje signalizacij skega zatiča v legi, prednapeti proti vzmeti, zlasti preprosto razmesti na delih ohišja prenapetostnega odvodnika. Po segrevanju somika v primem sprožitve prenapetostnega odvodnika stali somik, ki sega skozi zarezo signalizacij skega zatiča in sprosti signalizacij ski zatič tako, da se le-ta s pomočjo sile vzmeti, ki se sprosti, giblje znotraj vzdolžnega vodila, ki je tvoijeno s prvo luknjo. V času tega gibanja signalizacij ski zatič po eni strani preklopi stikalni kontakt mikrostikala in po drugi strani prestavi kazalnik okvare iz izhodiščnega položaja v položaj kazanja napake.With this arrangement of two holes arranged side by side, the signal pin on one side and the positional securing pin for the securing pin may be biased against the spring, in particular simply positioned on parts of the surge arrester housing. After warming up the som, the somag, which extends through the notch of the signaling pin and releases the signaling pin, moves so that, through the force of the spring being released, it moves inside the longitudinal guide wound by the first hole. . During this signaling movement, the ski pin, on the one hand, switches the microswitch switch contact and, on the other hand, moves the failure indicator from the starting position to the fault indication position.
Poleg tega je lahko zlasti prednostno predvideno, da ima kazalnik okvare, ki je razmeščen na ohišju ali je integriran v ohišju, okence ali kukalno področje, v katerem je od zunaj vidno razmeščen indikatorski trak, ki je povezan s signalizacijskim zatičem, in ki kaže sposobnost delovanja (izhodiščni položaj) ali nesposobnost delovanja (položaj kazanja okvare) prenapetostnega odvodnika.In addition, it may be particularly advantageous to have a defect indicator located on the housing or integrated in the housing, a window or a cavity area in which the indicator bar associated with the signaling pin and showing its ability is visible from the outside operation (starting position) or inability to operate (fault indication position) of the surge arrester.
S tem je uporabniku omogočeno, da na izjemno hiter in preprost način vizualno zazna dejansko stanje, namreč sposobnost delovanja ali nesposobnost delovanja prenapetostnega odvodnika.This enables the user to visually detect the actual state, namely the ability to operate or the inability of the surge arrester to operate in an extremely fast and simple way.
Pri tem je lahko zlasti prednostno predvideno, da indikatorski trak v okencu ali kukalnem področju kaže izhodiščni položaj s pomočjo zelenega delnega področja indikatorskega traka in položaj kazanja okvare s pomočjo rdečega delnega področja indikatorskega traka.In particular, it may be advantageous, in particular, that the indicator strip in the window or cavity area shows the starting position by means of the green partial area of the indicator strip and the position of the failure indication by the red partial area of the indicator strip.
Še zlasti s preprosto prepoznavnima signalnima barvama zeleno in rdečo, ki signalizirata vsakokratno dejansko stanje prenapetostnega odvodnika, je omogočeno, da tudi tehnično manj izkušeni uporabniki na posebej preprost način prepoznajo dejansko stanje prenapetostnega odvodnika. Pri tem kaže indikatorski trak v izhodiščnem položaju, v katerem je prenapetostni odvodnik sposoben delovanja, zeleno področje, in v položaju kazanja okvare rdeče področje znotraj okenca.In particular, with the easily recognizable signal colors green and red, which signal the actual state of the surge arrester, it is also possible for technically less experienced users to recognize the actual state of the surge arrester in a particularly simple way. In doing so, the indicator strip shows a green area in the starting position in which the surge arrester is capable of operating, and in the fault indication position the red area inside the window.
Nadalje je lahko zlasti prednostno predvideno, da indikatorski trak sestoji iz papirja, obstojnega proti vročini.In addition, it may be particularly advantageous to provide that the indicator strip consists of heat-resistant paper.
Alternativno je lahko zlasti prednostno predvideno, da indikatorski trak sestoji iz folije iz umetne snovi, obstojne proti vročini.Alternatively, it may be particularly advantageous to provide that the indicator strip consists of a heat-resistant plastic film.
Zgradba indikatorskega traka iz papirja, obstojnega proti vročini, ali folije, obstojne proti vročini, zagotavlja, da lahko ta tudi pri segrevanju le-tega v primeru sprožitve prenapetostnega odvodnika prikazuje dejansko stanje kot želeno. S tem je s segrevanjem tako indikatorskega traka iz papirja, obstojnega proti vročini, kot tudi iz folije iz umetne snovi, obstojne proti vročini, v primeru prenapetosti preprečeno poškodovanje le-tega.The construction of an indicator strip made of heat-resistant paper or heat-resistant foil ensures that even when heated, it can show the actual state as desired when the surge arrester is triggered. This prevents heat damage from both the heat-resistant paper strip and the heat-resistant plastic film.
Prav tako je lahko zlasti prednostno predvideno, da ima signalizacijski zatič na svoji čelni strani, ki je obrnjena proti prvemu koncu indikatorskega traka, špranjo z zazobkom, in je v špranji razmeščeno in zataknjeno lomljeno področje prvega konca indikatorskega traka, katerega konec drži zazobek.It may also be particularly advantageous to have a signaling pin on its front face facing the first end of the indicator strip with a toothed slot and a broken area of the first end of the indicator strip, which end is held by the toothed, in the slot.
Pri tem je lahko zlasti prednostno predvideno, da ima lomljeno področje prvega konca indikatorskega traka in pritrdilno področje z zazobki v špranji signalizacijskega zatiča vsakokrat obliko črke V tako, da deli centrirano ubirajo drug v drugem.In particular, the broken area of the first end of the indicator strip and the fastening area with the notches in the signal pin slot may in each case be advantageously provided in such a way that the parts V are centered in one another.
Pri takšni zgradbi se lahko indikatorski trak s svojim prvim koncem na posebej enostaven način vtakne v špranjo, ki je tvorjena na signalizacijskem zatiču, in se tu pritrdi s staknenjem. Še zlasti je z dvema, drug v drugem ubirajočima koncema v obliki črke V, omogočeno centriranje lomljenega področja indikatorskega traka na pritrdilnem področju z zazobki v špranji signalizacij skega zatiča.In such a structure, the indicator strip, with its first end, can be inserted into the slot formed on the signal pin in a particularly simple manner and secured there by glazing. In particular, the V-shaped two end-to-end picking ends allow the fractured area of the indicator strip to be centered on the attachment area with the notches in the pin of the signaling pin.
Končno je lahko zlasti prednostno predvideno, da ima lomljeno področje prvega konca indikatorskega traka vdolbino v obliki črke V, v kateri je v sestavljenem položaju razmeščena štrlina v obliki črke V, ki je tvorjena na ali v pritrdilnem področju.Finally, it may be particularly advantageous to provide that the broken area of the first end of the indicator strip has a V-shaped recess in which a V-shaped projection formed on or in the attachment region is arranged in the assembled position.
Z vdolbino v obliki črke V na lomljenem koncu indikatorskega traka, ki obdaja štrlino v obliki črke V, ki je tvorjena na ali v pritrdilnem področju, je dano prisilno centriranje lomljenega področja indikatorskega traka na pritrdilnem področju špranje signalizacijskega zatiča tako, da se le-ta drži položajno fiksirano in centrirano proti stranskemu neželenemu zdrsu ali premiku.By means of a V-shaped recess at the broken end of the indicator strip surrounding the V-shaped projection formed on or in the attachment area, a forced centering of the broken indicator tape area on the attachment area is provided to open the signal pin so that holds positionally fixed and centered against lateral unwanted slipping or displacement.
Izvedbeni primer izuma je predstavljen na slikah in v nadaljevanju pobliže opisan.An exemplary embodiment of the invention is presented in the figures and described in greater detail below.
Slika 1: Del prenapetostnega odvodnika po izumu v perspektivnem pogledu;Figure 1: Part of the surge arrester according to the invention in perspective view;
Slika 2: Isti odvodnik v stranskem pogledu;Figure 2: Same arrester in lateral view;
Slika 3: Povečan detajl s slike 2;Figure 3: Enlarged detail of Figure 2;
Slika 4: Signalizacijski zatič z indikatorskim trakom, razmeščenim na njem;Figure 4: Signal pin with indicator strip located on it;
Slika 5: Signalizacijski zatič v perspektivnem pogledu;Figure 5: Signal pin in perspective view;
Slika 6: Isti zatič v stranskem pogledu v prerezu;Figure 6: Same cross-sectional side view pin;
Slika 7: Indikatorski trak v perspektivnem pogledu;Figure 7: Indicator bar in perspective view;
Slika 8: Isti trak v stranskem pogledu;Figure 8: Same strip in lateral view;
Slika 9: Isti trak v čelnem pogledu;Figure 9: Same band in front view;
Slika 10; Signalizacijski zatič z indikatorskim trakom v čelnem pogledu s somikom; Slika 11: Isti zatič v nadaljnjem pogledu.Figure 10; Signaling pin with indicator strap in front view with catfish; Figure 11: Same pin in further view.
Na slikah so prikazani deli prenapetostnega odvodnika za elektrotehnične naprave. Prenapetostni odvodnik ima na svojem ohišju 1 ali v svojem ohišju 1 (ni prikazano na slikah) kazalnik okvare s signalizacijskim zatičem 2. Signalizacijski zatič 2 je posredno ali neposredno prestavljiv iz izhodiščnega položaja, ki signalizira sposobnost delovanja prenapetostnega odvodnika, v položaj kazanja okvare ob kvarnem segrevanju prenapetostnega odvodnika. Signalizacijski zatič 2 se pri tem drži v izhodiščnem položaju v legi, ki je prednapeta proti sili vzmeti 3. Signalizacijski zatič 2 je s tem prestavljiv v položaj kazanja okvare, da kratkostični tok teče preko prenapetostnega odvodnika in le-tega ali njegove konstrukcijske dele segreje.The figures show parts of the surge arrester for electrical appliances. The surge arrester has a fault indicator on its housing 1 or in its housing 1 (not shown in the figures) with a signaling pin 2. The signaling pin 2 is directly or indirectly adjustable from a starting position signaling the ability of the surge arrester to function in the fault indication position in the event of a fault. heating the surge arrester. The signaling pin 2 is then held in the starting position in a position biased against the force of the spring 3. The signaling pin 2 is thus adjustable to the fault indication position so that the short-circuit current flows through the surge arrester and its or its structural parts warms.
Po izumu držalni del iz nizko taljivega lota v izhodiščnem položaju, ki ga drži prenapetostni odvodnik, drži signalizacijski zatič 2. Držalni del zadržuje dele prenapetostnega odvodnika, ki se v primeru okvare segrejejo, in se v primeru okvare pri segrevanju delov prenapetostnega odvodnika stali in sprosti signalizacij ski zatič 2. Signalizacijski zatič 2 se lahko zdaj zgolj s pomočjo sproščene vzmeti giblje glede na ohišje 1 ali dele ohišja 1 in se kazalnik okvare prestavi iz izhodiščnega položaja, ki signalizira sposobnost delovanja prenapetostnega odvodnika, v položaj kazanja napake, ki signalizira nesposobnost delovanja prenapetostnega odvodnika.According to the invention, a low-melting lot holding member in a starting position held by an overvoltage arrester holds a signal pin 2. The holding part retains the overvoltage arrester parts which, in the event of a failure, heat up and, in the event of a failure, heat the overvoltage arrester parts. signaling pin 2. Signaling pin 2 can now only move with the help of the released spring with respect to the housing 1 or parts of the housing 1 and the failure indicator is moved from the starting position signaling the ability of the surge arrester to the fault indication position signaling the inability to operate surge arrester.
Dodatno je signalizacijski zatič 2 operativno povezan s stikalnim kontaktom 4 mikrostikala 5. Mikrostikalo 5 je električno povezano z daljinsko signalizacijo, v kateri je prikazano stikalno stanje prenapetostnega odvodnika ali ga je moč prikazati. S tem se lahko tudi pri vizualno slabo dostopnem ali nedostopnem prenapetostnem odvodniku vsakokrat prikaže stikalno stanje tako, da je vidno tudi iz daljave, ali je prenapetostni odvodnik sposoben delovanja ali ne.In addition, the signaling pin 2 is operatively connected to the switch pin 4 of the microswitch 5. The microswitch 5 is electrically connected to the remote signaling, in which the switch state of the surge arrester is displayed or can be displayed. In this way, even with a visually inaccessible or inaccessible surge arrester, the switching state can always be displayed so that it is also visible from a distance whether the surge arrester is capable of operating or not.
Signalizacijski zatič 2 je vzdolžno voden na delu 6 ohišja prenapetostnega odvodnika in ima zarezo 7 ali podobno vdolbino, v kateri blokimo ubira del držalnega dela. Po izumu je držalni del tvorjen iz somika 8. Somik 8 lahko na primer sestoji iz odseka droga iz nizko taljivega lota, ki se ga izdela izredno stroškovno ugodno.The signaling pin 2 is longitudinally guided on a part 6 of the housing of the surge arrester and has a notch 7 or a similar recess in which a portion of the holding part is blocked. According to the invention, the holding member is formed from a somik 8. Somik 8 may, for example, consist of a section of a rod of a low-melting lot, which is made extremely cost-effective.
Kot je vidno še zlasti s slike 3, je v delu 6 ohišja razmeščena prva luknja, v kateri je signalizacijski zatič 2 vzdolžno voden približno vzporedno s steno ohišja. Stena ohišja in del 6 ohišja pri tem sestojita prednostno iz dobro toplotno prevodne kovine. Pri tem je v delu 6 ohišja tvorjena druga luknja, ki poteka prečno na prvo luknjo, in to v delnem področju seka. Somik 8 je pri tem v izhodiščnem položaju razmeščen znotraj te druge luknje, da sega skozi zarezo 7 signalizacijskega zatiča 2. Po segrevanju dela 6 ohišja v primeru sprožitve prenapetostnega odvodnika stali somik 8 in sprosti gibanje signalizacijskega zatiča 2 s pomočjo vzmeti, ki se sprosti. S tem se po taljenju somika 8 izvede vzdolžno gibanje signalizacijskega zatiča 2, pri čemer signalizacijski zatič 2 po eni strani preklopi stikalni kontakt 4 mikrostikala 5 in po drugi strani prestavi kazalnik okvare iz izhodiščnega položaja v položaj kazanja napake.As can be seen in particular from Figure 3, a first hole is arranged in the housing part 6, in which the signaling pin 2 is longitudinally guided approximately parallel to the wall of the housing. The housing wall and housing part 6 preferably comprise well-conductive metal. In this case, a second hole is formed in part 6 of the housing, which runs transversely to the first hole, intersecting in the partial region. Somik 8 is positioned inside the second hole in the starting position to extend through the notch 7 of the signaling pin 2. After heating of the housing part 6, when the surge arrester is triggered, the somyak 8 stands and releases the movement of the signaling pin 2 by means of a spring which is released. In this way, after fusion 8, longitudinal movement of signaling pin 2 is made, whereby signaling pin 2, on the one hand, switches the switch contact 4 of the microswitch 5 and, on the other hand, moves the failure indicator from the starting position to the fault indication position.
Prenos toplote v primeru sproženja prenapetostnega odvodnika na somik 8 se lahko pri tem izvaja tudi preko masivnih kontaktov električnega sistema, ki sprejmejo toploto, in jo prenesejo na somik. Ti so lahko na primer konstrukcijski deli ohišja 1 ali so razmeščeni na ali v ohišju 1, na primer na ali v ostenju ohišja 1.The heat transfer in the event of the surge arrester being triggered on the som 8 can also be carried out through the massive contacts of the electrical system, which accept the heat and transfer it to the som. These may be, for example, structural members of the housing 1 or arranged on or in the housing 1, for example on or in the housing housing 1.
Za še zlasti hitro in preprosto prepoznavo sposobnosti delovanja ali nesposobnosti delovanja prenapetostnega odvodnika ima kazalnik okvare, ki je razmeščen na ohišju 1 ali je integriran v ohišju 1, okence ali kukalno področje. V okencu ali kukalnem področju je od zunaj vidno razmeščen indikatorski trak 10, ki je povezan s signalizacijskim zatičem 2. Indikatorski trak 10 kaže sposobnost delovanja (izhodiščni položaj) ali nesposobnost delovanja (položaj kazanja okvare) prenapetostnega odvodnika. Pri tem indikatorski trak 10 v okencu ali kukalnem področju kaže izhodiščni položaj s pomočjo zelenega delnega področja indikatorskega traka 10 in položaj kazanja okvare s pomočjo rdečega delnega področja indikatorskega traka 10. S tem je omogočeno, da tudi tehnično manj izkušeni uporabniki na hiter in preprost način prepoznajo dejansko stanje, torej sposobnost delovanja ali nesposobnost delovanja prenapetostnega odvodnika.For a particularly fast and simple recognition of the ability or inability to operate the surge arrester, a fault indicator is located on the housing 1 or integrated in the housing 1, a window or a cavity. An indicator strip 10, which is connected to the signaling pin 2, is visible externally from the window or cavity area. The indicator strip 10 indicates the ability to operate (starting position) or the inability to operate (fault indication position) of the surge arrester. In this case, the indicator strip 10 in the window or the cube area shows the starting position with the help of the green partial area of the indicator strip 10 and the position of the failure indication with the help of the red partial area of the indicator strip 10. This enables even less technically experienced users to quickly and easily recognize the actual situation, ie the ability to operate or the inability to operate the surge arrester.
Indikatorski trak 10 v izvedbenem primeru sestoji iz folije iz umetne snovi, obstojne proti vročini. Alternativno lahko indikatorski trak 10 sestoji tudi iz papirja, obstojnega proti vročini, ali podobnega materiala, obstojnega proti vročini.In the embodiment, the indicator strip 10 consists of a heat-resistant plastic film. Alternatively, the indicator strip 10 may also consist of heat-resistant paper or similar heat-resistant material.
Za hitro in preprosto pritrditev indikatorskega traka 10 na signalizacij ski zatič 2 ima signalizacijski zatič 2 na svoji čelni strani, ki je obrnjena proti prvemu koncu indikatorskega traka 10, špranjo 9 z zazobkom. V špranji 9 je razmeščeno in zataknjeno lomljeno področje 11 prvega konca indikatorskega traka 10. Pri tem je lomljeno področje 11 prvega konca indikatorskega traka 10 s svojim koncem držano na zazobku špranje 9.For fast and easy attachment of the indicator strip 10 to the signaling pin 2, the signaling pin 2 has a slot 9 with a notch on its front face facing the first end of the indicator strip 10. In the slot 9, the broken area 11 of the first end of the indicator strip 10 is disposed and stuck. The broken area 11 of the first end of the indicator strip 10 is held with its end at the notch of the slot 9.
Lomljeno področje 11 prvega konca indikatorskega traka 10 in pritrdilno področje z zazobki v špranji 9 signalizacijskega zatiča 2 ima vsakokrat obliko črke V tako, da deli centrirano ubirajo drug v drugem. Pri tem izvedbenem primeru ima lomljeno področje 11 prvega konca indikatorskega traka 10 vdolbino 12 v obliki črke V, v kateri je v sestavljenem položaju razmeščena štrlina 13 v obliki črke V, ki je tvorjena na ali v pritrdilnem področju v reži 9 signalizacij skega zatiča 2. S tem se doseže samocentriranje indikatorskega traka 10 glede na pritrdilno področje signalizacij skega zatiča 2, pri čemer se vrh tega pretežno prepreči stranski zdrs lomljenega področja 11 indikatorskega traka 10 iz pritrdilnega področja v reži 9 signalizacij skega zatiča 2.The broken area 11 of the first end of the indicator strip 10 and the fastening area with the notches in the slot 9 of the signaling pin 2 each have the shape of a letter V such that the parts are centered in one another. In this embodiment, the broken region 11 of the first end of the indicator strip 10 has a V-shaped recess 12 in which the V-shaped projection 13 formed on or in the attachment region in the slot 9 of the signaling pin 2 is arranged in the assembled position. This achieves self-centering of the indicator strip 10 with respect to the attachment area of the signaling pins 2, the top of which substantially prevents the laterally broken area 11 of the indicator strip 10 from the attachment area in the slot 9 of the signaling pins 2.
Izum ni omejen na izvedbene primere, ampak gaje moč spreminjati v okviru razkritja.The invention is not limited to embodiments, but can be modified within the scope of the disclosure.
Vse posamezne značilnosti in njihove kombinacije, ki so razkrite v opisu in/ali na slikah gre razumeti kot značilnosti po izumu.All individual features and combinations thereof disclosed in the description and / or in the drawings are to be construed as features of the invention.
Seznam oznak ohišje signalizacij ski zatič vzmet stikalni kontakt mikrostikalo del ohišja zareza (na 2) somik špranja indikatorski trak lomljeno področje (na 10)List of markings signal box ski pin spring switch contact micro switch part of notch housing (at 2) somic slit indicator strip broken area (at 10)
V oblika na 11V shape at 11
V oblika na 9V shape at 9
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