SI24903A - Apparatus and method for ventilating - Google Patents

Abstract

The subject of the invention is the device and the method for ventilation and solve the technical problems of air exchange in the room and reducing the heat loss from the room, when the surrounding area is colder than the space, or reduces the heat ingress into the room when the environment is warmer than the space. The object of the invention is designed to be designed in such a way that the ventilation device (1) has a countercurrent heat exchanger (3) composed of several lamellas of the heat exchanger (6) of plastic material, wherein the individual heat exchanger lamellas (6) have a number of parallel conductors through which flows air. One of the two counterflow flows of the air flows through the heat exchanger blades (6), and the other protrudes into the spaces between the heat exchangers of the heat exchanger (6), wherein the constant distance between the lamellas of the heat exchanger (6) defines the ribbed edge elements (7) which at the same time enclosure a flow surface between the individual heat exchangers of the heat exchanger (6). On both sides of the countercurrent heat exchanger (3) there are triangular attachments (5), whereby one flow surface of the triangular attachment (8) is connected to the flow wires through the heat exchanger blades (6), and the second flow surface of the triangular attachment (8) flow surfaces between the individual heat exchangers of the heat exchanger (6). By turning the triangular attachments (5), the position of the inlet and / or the outlet air location changes.

Description

VENTILATION DEVICE AND METHOD

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The field of technology

Heat recovery; heat exchanger; countercurrent heat exchanger; ventilation; ventilation.

View the problem

In the past, fresh air was always sufficient in older buildings, since the construction method and the quality of the materials allowed the buildings to breathe on their own, and the heating of the buildings did not present a high cost. Modern buildings, however, have become very tight due to the increasing need for energy efficiency. In addition to the smaller losses, the increased tightness of the buildings has also caused negative effects, such as the retention of low-quality air and humidity in the room (the dew of windows and the formation of wall mold).

Good modern windows have much better sealing and better thermal insulation compared to old windows, which in turn prevents the exchange of air and moisture through the slit and thus the uncontrolled exchange of air in the room. Close windows result in a changed living environment, since the concentrations of harmful gases, moisture and carbon dioxide that are eliminated during breathing can no longer be equalized with external, lower concentrations.

The most favorable living conditions in a room are when at a temperature between 18 and 22 ° C the relative humidity is between 35 and 70%. Too high relative humidity is unpleasant and can cause condensation of water vapor on cold surfaces of walls and glass. Low relative humidity in the room accelerates the formation of floating dust in the air, which increases the drying of the mucous membranes and gives the feeling of dry air.

In a properly glazed and insulated building, an average of 50% of energy is required to heat and cool the building to a temperature suitable for comfortable and quality living, and the other 50% of energy is needed to ventilate living spaces. Therefore, in addition to proper glazing and insulation of the building, adequate ventilation of the premises must be provided, which will further reduce energy use and costs.

The state of the art

There are several ways to ventilate the premises:

- by natural ventilation, ie by short-term and occasional opening of windows, resulting in the intrusion of cold unclean air into the room, drafts and high heat loss from the space in winter and high heat intrusion into the space in summer

- with local or central forced ventilation devices where the air is cleaned, preheated or cooled and is fed into the room without drafts and major heat losses.

In addition to unwanted heat losses, natural ventilation also invades external noise, dust and insects.

Good and quality local or central mechanical room ventilation devices have a built-in waste heat recovery device to provide room-efficient ventilation.

Central ventilation systems are generally operated continuously and in all rooms with the same efficiency. Local ventilation systems provide greater flexibility as air humidity and odors can be controlled individually. The need for fresh air cannot be determined precisely in time and location. For example, in the morning, there is a heavy load of toilets, noon kitchens, common lounge and sleeping areas in the evening. This makes local ventilation technically much more convenient and cost-effective.

Description of the new solution

The object of the invention is a device and method for ventilation and solve the technical problems of the exchange of air in the room and the reduction of heat loss from the room when the environment is cooler than the room or reduces the invasion of space when the environment is warmer than the room.

The object of the invention is structurally solved so that the ventilation device 1 has a counter-current heat exchanger 3. The counter-current heat exchanger 3 consists of several heat exchanger blades made of any thermally conductive material, preferably of plastic material 6, each individual heat exchanger blade having 6 is a hollow chamber in which two, preferably plastic surfaces are connected by cross-links, such that the heat exchanger blades 6 contain a number of parallel conductors through which air flows. The individual blade of the heat exchanger 6 is a plate, preferably made of plastic material, through which many microchannels pass. One of the two countercurrent air flows flows through the heat exchanger blades 6 and the other counter-flows into the spaces between the heat exchanger blades 6, whereby the constant distance between the heat exchanger blades 6 is determined by the ribbed edge elements 7 that simultaneously surround the flow surface between the individual heat exchanger blades 6 On both sides of the countercurrent heat exchanger 3 triangular nozzles 5 are installed, with one flow surface of the triangular nozzle 8 connected to the flow conductors through the fins of the heat exchanger 6 and the other flow surface of the triangular nozzle 8 to the flow surfaces between the individual fins of the heat exchanger 6. By turning the triangles 5, the position of the air inlet and / or outlet is changed.

In the invention, the air inlet and outlet are similar in functionality to the ordinary window, but the object of the invention enables heat recovery from the exhaust air, and the distribution of air in the room is uniform and provides a comfortable feeling without draft and noise. Air intake in room 9, air intake in room 10, air discharge into the environment 11, air intake from the environment 12 are, if necessary

equipped with washable filters that prevent the entry of insects and dust and remove dust, pollen and dirt from the air.

Ventilation device 1 has a remote control system and several preset ventilation modes, such as:

automatic control mode,

- manual control mode,

winter regime and

- the annual regime

The ventilation device 1 is equipped with: a carbon dioxide sensor and / or a moisture sensor and / or

- with temperature sensor.

In the automatic control mode, the humidity sensor, the temperature sensor and the CO2 sensor come into operation. The intensity of the air exchange is regulated by the flow control of the fans. In the case of a lower outside temperature, due to a drop in the temperature of the exhaust air when flowing through the heat exchanger, the water collected at the lowest point can be extracted from the air. The discharged water is led through a conductor to a heated inlet air, where the inlet air is moistened to ensure that the inlet air is not too dry or that it does not have too little humidity.

The sensors 1 automatically activate or enhance the ventilation device whenever the humidity or carbon dioxide value in the air exceeds the set level or falls below the set level. Thus, the ventilation device 1 provides the possibility of automatic control of the air quality in the room, but also of course enables manual ventilation on and off.

In the manual control mode, the ventilation device 1 behaves in the same way as in the automatic control mode, except that the relevant parameters are manually set via the control unit, preferably the remote control.

The air inlet and outlet can be completely closed by a latch-operated latch, and the latch lever can be moved manually or by an electric motor. By closing the latches, a well-constructed building can be sealed, preventing negative impacts in the case of high winds in tall buildings. When the latch is closed with an electric motor, in the event of a power failure, the latch is automatically closed, which is designed in such a way that the latch has additional electrical power, preferably batteries. The batteries can be rechargeable and can be recharged or replaced with new batteries in the case of discharging.

In winter mode, the latch on the fresh air inlet guide is closed and the exhaust air outlet latch is open. The exhaust air exhaust fan sucks the air out of the room and creates a slight underpressure in the room, causing fresh air to find its way into the room itself. Due to the low outside temperatures, which causes condensation on the outside of the counter-heat exchanger 3, the counter-current heat exchanger 3 is shut down. In the case of external air supply, the outside air is led through an electric heater which enters the air before entering the space.

In the annual operating mode, the ventilation device 1 is used for cooling. Especially during the night, when the temperatures are outside, the outdoor fan blows cooler outside air into the room.

The supply fan sucks the outside air through the inlet grille and the outside air filter and pushes it through the counterflow heat exchanger 3 into the room. The countercurrent heat exchanger 3 may be made of any material with appropriate thermal and mechanical properties, preferably made of plastic material or polypropylene. Due to the modular construction of the ventilation devices 1, the counter-flow heat exchangers 3 are executed in standard dimensions, with each dimension of the counter-flow heat exchanger corresponding to a certain length range of the ventilation device 1.

The air intake in the room 9 into which the air enters the room is installed as high as possible or, if it is feasible under the ceiling. The air is pushed out through the filter on the inside and the counter-current heat exchanger 3. Because the air under the ceiling is usually the warmest and most polluted, the most polluted air is released from the room and the heat of the alternating air is utilized.

The ventilation unit consists of three modular components, namely:

- part with air inlet and outlet on the side of compartment 2, which contains a housing, built-in fan, air filter or filters, latch, latch lever, and may have electronics to control the device. The latch has a toothed closure and can be opened manually or with a micromotor.

- countercurrent heat exchanger 3

- part with air inlet and outlet on the ambient side 4 containing a housing, built-in fan, air filter or filters, latch, latch lever, and may have electronics to control the device. The latch has a toothed closure and can be opened manually or with a micromotor.

The part with the air inlet and outlet on the side of room 2 and the part with air inlet and outlet on the side of surroundings 4 consist of the same parts, are symmetrical and differ only in the details inserted afterwards - one of the two parts contains electronics for controlling the ventilation device.

The inlet air is passed through the filters before entering the room. In the event of a filter clogging, an audible signal is triggered on the basis of a single pressure drop of air through the filter, warning us that the filters need to be cleaned or replaced. If necessary, in the case of more polluted ambient air with a smog or odors, a carbon filter is mounted in the device.

The ventilation device 1 is designed to allow for easy cleaning or maintenance. The counterflow heat exchanger 3 and the corresponding filters are easily removable from the ventilation device 1 by being drawn out and washed with water as needed.

The air supply to the space 10 is preferably shaped in the form of a grid through which fresh air is introduced into the space and directs the air flow in the set direction. If necessary, the grille can also be washed.

The entire ventilation device 1 is integrated into a housing preferably of aluminum construction. Aluminum provides dimensional stability or non-deformability of the housing due to weathering. Apart from its dimensional stability, the aluminum base is suitable for painting.

The housing of the ventilation device is designed in such a way that magnets are provided on the housing of the ventilation device 13 and the cover of the housing 14, which ensure the screwless opening or closing of the housing of the ventilation device 13.

There is a sound insulation between the fans of the ventilation unit 1 and the housing, which further reduces the noise level.

For a higher capacity ventilation device 1, several counter-current heat exchangers 3 are placed side by side in a larger housing, increasing the capacity of the device.

The electronics of the device also allow the ventilation device 1 to be controlled via a remote device, preferably a cellphone or any other device with a central processing unit, such as a computer, tablet, and the like.

The essence of the invention is explained in more detail below with a description of an embodiment and the accompanying drawings, the drawings being part of the present patent application and the drawings show:

• ·

Figure 1 shows the ventilation device 1, the part with air inlet and outlet on the side of room 2, the heat exchanger 3, the part with air inlet and outlet on the side of surroundings 4, triangular nozzle 5.

Figure 2 shows the heat exchanger 3, the heat exchanger blade 6, the ribbed edge element 7.

Figure 3 shows the triangular nozzle 5, the flow surface of the triangular nozzle 8.

Figure 4 shows the triangular nozzle 5, the flow surface of the triangular nozzle 8.

Figure 5 shows the heat exchanger 3, the triangular nozzle 5, the flow surface of the triangular nozzle 8.

Figure 6 shows the intake of air in the enclosure 9, the supply of air to the enclosure 10, the discharge of air into the enclosure 11, the intake of air from the enclosure 12, the housing of the ventilation device 13, the cover of the enclosure 14.

Figure 7 shows the ventilation device 1, part with air inlet and outlet on the side of space 2, heat exchanger 3, part with air inlet and outlet on side 4, air intake in room 9, air supply to room 10, discharge ambient air 11, ambient air intake 12, ventilation device housing 13, housing cover 14.

Implementation example:

the ventilation device 1 has a countercurrent heat exchanger 3 built in, consisting of several heat exchanger blades 6 of plastic material, each individual heat exchanger blade 6 having the form of a hollow chamber where two plastic surfaces are connected by cross-links such that the blades The heat exchanger 6 contains a number of parallel conductors through which air is flowing. One of the two countercurrent air flows flows through the heat exchanger blades 6 and the other counter-flows into the spaces between the heat exchanger blades 6, the constant distance between the heat exchanger blades 6 being determined by the ribbed edge elements 7 that simultaneously surround the flow surface between the individual heat exchanger blades 6. In the embodiment, the individual blades of the heat exchanger 6 are 460 millimeters long, 80 millimeters high and 4.5 millimeters thick. A number of parallel conductors pass through the blade through which air flows. The countercurrent heat exchanger 3 has side by side 11 heat exchanger blades 6 such that the total thickness of the countercurrent heat exchanger is 100 millimeters. On both sides of the countercurrent heat exchanger 3 are fitted triangular nozzles 5, with one flow surface of the triangular nozzle 8 connected with flow guides through the heat exchanger blades 6 and the second flow surface of the triangular nozzle 8 with the flow surfaces between the individual heat exchanger blades 6. By rotating the triangular bushings 5, the position of the air inlet and / or outlet air is changed. In the embodiment, the triangular nozzles 5 are arranged so that the flow surface of the triangular nozzle 8 for air intake in the space 9 and for supplying air to the space 10 is turned to the inner side of the space, the flow surface of the triangular nozzle 8 for the release of air into the surroundings 11 and to capture the air from the surroundings 12 are facing outwards or towards the surroundings.

Air intake in room 9, air intake in room 10, air discharge into the environment 11, air intake from the environment 12 are equipped with washable filters that prevent the entry of insects and dust and remove dust, pollen and dirt from the air.

Ventilation unit 1 has a remote control system and several preset ventilation modes such as: automatic control mode, manual control mode, winter mode and year mode. The ventilation device 1 is equipped with a carbon dioxide sensor, a humidity sensor and a temperature sensor.

The intensity of the air exchange is controlled by the flow control of the fans and is in the range 0-30 m ³ / h. In the case of a lower outside temperature, due to a drop in the temperature of the exhaust air when flowing through the heat exchanger, the water collected at the lowest point can be extracted from the air. The expelled water is fed through a conductor to a heated inlet air where the inlet air is moistened.

The sensors 1 automatically activate or enhance the ventilation device whenever the humidity or carbon dioxide value in the air exceeds the set level or falls below the set level.

The air inlet and outlet can be completely closed by the actuator lever latch, with the actuator lever closed by an electric motor. By closing the latches, a well-constructed building is sealed, preventing negative impacts in the case of high winds in tall buildings. In the event of a power failure, the latch is closed automatically, which is designed so that the latch has additional power supply. In winter mode, the fresh air supply guide latch is closed and the exhaust air outlet latch is open. The exhaust air exhaust fan sucks the air out of the room and creates a slight underpressure in the room, causing fresh air to find its way into the room itself.

The supply fan sucks the outside air through the inlet grille and the outside air filter and pushes it through the counterflow heat exchanger 3 into the room. The counterflow heat exchanger 3 is made of polypropylene. The air intake in the room 9 into which the air from the room enters is located below the ceiling.

The ventilation unit consists of three basic components, namely: part with inlet and outlet air inlet on side 2, counterflow heat exchanger 3 and part with inlet and outlet air inlet on side

4. Before entering the room, the inlet air is passed through the filters. In the event of an increased pressure drop of air through the filter, an acoustic signal is issued, warning us that the filters need to be cleaned or replaced. The counterflow heat exchanger 3 and the corresponding filters are easily removable from the ventilation device 1 by being drawn out and washed with water as needed.

The air supply to the room 10 is shaped like a grid through which fresh air is introduced into the room and directs the air flow in the set direction.

The entire ventilation device 1 is integrated into an aluminum housing, with magnets mounted on the housing of the ventilation device 13 and on the housing cover 14, which ensure the screwless opening or closing of the housing of the ventilation device 13.

There is a sound insulation between the fans of the ventilation device 1 and the housing, which reduces the noise level.

The ventilation unit incorporates electronics to control the ventilation device 1 via the telephone.

It is to be understood that the described solution can also be implemented in a different design that does not alter the essence of the invention.

Claims (24)

A ventilation device (1) incorporating a countercurrent heat exchanger (3) characterized in that the countercurrent heat exchanger (3) consists of several heat exchanger blades (6) such that one of the two countercurrent air flows flows through the heat exchanger blades gearboxes (6) and the other counter-flow into the spaces between the heat exchanger blades (6), with triangular lugs (5) mounted on both sides of the counterflow heat exchanger (5) such that one flow surface of the triangular lug (8) is connected to conductors through the heat exchanger blades (6) and the second flow surface of the triangular mount (8) with the flow surfaces between the individual heat exchanger blades (6) Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the position of the air inlet and / or outlet air is changed by turning the triangular lugs (5). Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the individual blades of the heat exchanger (6) have the form of a hollow chamber, where the two plastic surfaces are connected by cross-links, such that the blades of the heat exchanger (6) contain a number of parallel conductors or microchannels through which air flows. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the counter-flow heat exchanger (3) consists of a plurality of heat exchanger blades (6) made of plastic material. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the constant distance between the heat exchanger blades (6) is determined by the ribbed edge elements (7) that simultaneously surround the flow surface between the individual heat exchanger blades (6). Device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the air intake in the room (9), the air supply to the room (10), the air discharge into the surroundings (11) and the intake air from the surroundings (12) equipped with washable filters. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises a carbon dioxide sensor, a moisture sensor and a temperature sensor. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, due to a drop in the exhaust temperature at flow through the counter-flow heat exchanger (3), the extracted water is collected at the lowest point and is fed through the conductor to the heated inlet air where the inlet the air moistens. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the air inlet and outlet are completely closed, if necessary, by the actuators of the actuator, the actuator of the actuator being moved by an electric motor. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it has a built-in electric heater that enters the air before it enters the space. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it is modularly composed of three basic components, namely: o works with the inlet and outlet air outlet on the side of the room (2), which includes the housing, fan, air filter, latch, latch lever, tooth lock and micromotor. o Countercurrent heat exchanger (3) o Part with inlet and outlet air inlet on the side (4) that encloses the housing, fan, air filter, latch, latch lever, gear and micromotor. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the part with air inlet and outlet on the side of the room (2) and the part with air inlet and outlet on the side (4) consist of equal parts , are symmetrical and differ only in the details subsequently inserted, with one of the two components further comprising electronics for controlling the ventilation device. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the air supply to the space (10) is shaped like a grid through which fresh air is introduced into the room and the air flow is directed in the set direction. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the entire ventilation device (1) is mounted in an aluminum housing. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that magnets are provided on the housing of the ventilation device (13) and on the cover of the housing (14) to allow the screwless opening or closing of the housing of the ventilation device (13) Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that several countercurrent heat exchangers (3) are inserted side by side into the ventilation device (1). Ventilation method, characterized in that both air streams are supplied to the counter-flow heat exchanger (3) via triangular fittings (5) such that one flow surface of the triangular fitting (8) is connected to the flow conductors through the heat exchanger blades (6 ) and the other flow surface of the triangular nozzle (8) with flow surfaces between the individual blades of the heat exchanger (6), with one of the two countercurrent air flows passing through the blades of the heat exchanger (6) and the other counter-flow into the spaces between the blades of the heat exchanger (6 ) 18. A method according to claim 17, characterized in that the air exchange intensity is controlled by the control of the fan flow. Method according to any one of claims 17 to 18, characterized in that the sensors automatically activate or enhance the ventilation device (1) whenever the humidity or carbon dioxide value in the air exceeds the set level or falls below the set level. 20. A method according to any one of claims 17 to 19, characterized in that the actuator closes with an electric motor in the event of a power failure, provided that the actuator closes automatically, which is provided by an additional electrical supply. 21. A method according to any one of claims 17 to 20, characterized in that during the night mode of operation, the ambient air is cooler during the night time, when outside the temperature is lower. 22. A method according to any one of claims 17 to 21, characterized in that the air in the room enters below the ceiling. A method according to any one of claims 17 to 22, characterized in that the blockage of the filters is determined on the basis of an alternating elevated pressure drop of air through the filter. A method according to any one of claims 17 to 23, characterized in that the control of the device is performed via a remote device with a central processing unit.