SI23521A - Photo-voltage device for producing electric energy - Google Patents

Abstract

Photo-voltage device for producing electric energy is arranged for installation in the area of each available or each foreseen and each in the desired direction of passing electrified and non electrified railway line, but contains at least one carrying framework and at least one set of solar modules, which are mutually electrically connectable in at least one electric circuit, which are individually installed on the framework mentioned, which consists of four vertically placed and individually on suitable foundation on the base of attached pillars, as also from pair transversally , considering on the pass of the railway line over the mentioned pillars, placed and with following stiffly connected holders, in a way that the always available solar panels are attachable on the mentioned framework in the area of the mentioned transversal or longitudinal holders and so above the each available and each foreseen single-track and double-track chosen electrified railway line and on the sufficient vertical deviation from it, so on the track it is possible to safely and in accordance with regulations to carry through rail traffic.

Description

Photovoltaic device for generating electricity

The invention in the field of transportation belongs to the field of electrical engineering, namely to basic electrical components, namely semiconductor devices, which are intended for converting light energy into electrical energy and comprise at least one solar panel or. a multitude of them.

The invention is based on the problem of how to utilize the available and, at least to some extent, degraded areas in the area of the planned or already existing railway infrastructure for the purpose of obtaining electricity.

EP 1 987 547 proposes the installation in the appropriate flexible film of mounted solar cells on the surface of railway vehicles. Such a solution, while appropriate and reasonable, covers only a negligible proportion of the available surface area in the railway infrastructure concerned.

JP 2004311502A proposes the installation of solar panels in the area of each railway track, in the area between the available rails. The solar panels, which are fixed by means of special fasteners on the upper surface of the railway sleepers, are arranged at a distance from the substrate, thus protecting at least to a certain extent from the effects of the substrate itself, namely permanent moisture and microorganisms, on the other hand. their upper surface for receiving rays is exposed to relatively intense pollution due to traffic, debris and dust, precipitation and other influences which can never be completely avoided after installation at the level of the substrate. In this case, the surface area of the entire railway infrastructure area is considerably larger for the installation of solar panels and thus for the generation of electricity than in the previously described solution of EP 1 987 547, even in this case the utilization of the said area is still relatively poor. The surface of the panels thus installed represents at most half the width of the distance between the rails and the length of the respective area.

According to data from 2006 - 2009, approximately 1.4 million km of railway lines are built in the world, of which, for example. in the USA 226,000 km, in Russia 128,000 km and in China 86,000 km. As a result, the construction and use of the railway network has, therefore, at least to some extent degraded areas. A simple calculation shows that by using only 30% of the total area of the railway infrastructure, about 200 GWh of electricity could be generated annually, which represents around 1% of the total energy consumed worldwide.

To solve this problem, a photovoltaic power generation device is provided, which is adapted to be installed in the area of the electrified or non-electrified railway line which is currently available or foreseen and in each desired longitudinal direction, with such device generally comprising at least one load carrier a frame and at least one set of interconnections into at least one electrical circuit of electrically interconnected solar modules, which are each attached to said frame.

According to the invention, it is envisaged that the frame consists of four vertically mounted pillars and each of them on a corresponding foundation, as well as two transversely with respect to the course of the railway line through said pillars and rigidly connected supports and two longitudinally with respect to the course of the railway. lines through said columns and rigidly connected supports, such that the solar panels available at each time frame are fastened in the area of said transverse and longitudinal supports, and therefore above the one or two-track or electrically electrically-available one or two-track railway line, and at a sufficient vertical distance from it so that rail can be carried safely and in accordance with the regulations. It is also contemplated according to the invention that said frame is further designed so that said columns are in the plan or plan. based on the angles of the rectangle with the longer sides and the shorter sides, with respect to the dimensions of the railway line itself or. of the available tracks, the length of said longer side chosen so as to correspond to the distance between the adjacent pillars arranged along the two-lane railway line in accordance with the regulations, and in a direction transverse to the course of the railway itself, while the length of the shorter side shall be such that it corresponds to the distance between the adjacent pillars at each one and, in accordance with the regulations, the specified distance spaced along the single-track railway line in the direction transverse to the course of the railway itself.

In one of the possible embodiments of the invention, they are each at one time available, arranged side by side, and electrically connected to at least one set of connected solar panels on the frame so that each set of solar panels runs at least approximately in a transverse direction with respect to the one or two-tier available underneath. railway lines. In a further embodiment of the invention, the available, side-by-side and electrically-connected solar panels on the frame are arranged in such a way that each set of solar panels runs in a transverse direction with respect to the one or two-track railway lines below it. Further, a variant in which they are each at one time, arranged side by side and electrically connected to at least one set of connected solar panels on the frame is arranged so that each set of solar panels runs at least approximately one or two-track railway lines below it. In a further embodiment of the invention, each of the available, side by side and electrically connected to at least one set of connected solar panels on the frame is arranged so that each set of solar panels runs along the one or two-track rail lines available under it.

When installing said frames along an existing railway line, the columns of the respective supporting frame are arranged adjacent to the electrically assembled electrode assembly, electrified one- or two-track railway lines, which are available at all times. When possible, e.g. When installing the device according to the invention during the construction of the railway line itself, the carriers of the electrical conductors of the electrification assembly of the electrified one- or two-track railway line are attached to the frame pillars in the area above the railway line and at a suitable vertical distance from the latter and below the transverse and longitudinal supports of the load-bearing frame.

It is further preferred according to the invention if a safety net is secured to the frame in the area under the transverse and longitudinal supports of the support frame. When the railway line is electrified, a safety net is attached to the load-bearing frame in the area below the transverse and longitudinal supports of the load-bearing frame and above the electrical conductors of the electrification assembly of a one- or two-track railway line.

According to the invention, it is further provided that either at least one solar module from each array is available as a plate solar module, namely as a solar panel, or at least one solar module from each array is available as a rod solar module.

The invention will now be explained in further detail by way of example examples and in connection with the accompanying drawing showing

FIG. 1 is a schematic and in outline illustration of an embodiment of a photovoltaic device for generating electricity which is intended to be installed in the area of a two-lane railway line;

FIG. 2 is a schematic and in outline illustration of an embodiment of a photovoltaic device for generating electricity, which is intended to be installed in a one-track railway area;

FIG. 3 is a schematic and in outline illustration of an embodiment of a photovoltaic power generating unit intended to be installed in the area of an existing two-lane railway line;

FIG. 4 is a schematic and in outline illustration of an embodiment of a photovoltaic device for generating electricity intended to be installed in the area of an existing single-track railway line;

FIG. 5 is a first embodiment of a photovoltaic element in the apparatus of FIG. 2 or 4 in the single-track railway area;

FIG. 6 is another embodiment of a photovoltaic element in the apparatus of FIG. 2 or 4 in the single-track railway area;

FIG. 7 is a third embodiment of a photovoltaic element in the apparatus of FIG. 2 or 4 in the single-track railway area;

FIG. 8 is a fourth embodiment of the photovoltaic elements in the apparatus of FIG. 2 or 4 in the area of a two-lane railway line;

FIG. 9 is a first embodiment of a photovoltaic element in the apparatus of FIG. 1 or 3 in the area of a two-lane railway line;

FIG. 10 is another embodiment of a photovoltaic element in the apparatus of FIG. 1 or 3 in the area of a two-lane railway line;

FIG. 11 is a third embodiment of the photovoltaic elements in the apparatus of FIG. 1 or 3 in the single-track railway area;

FIG. 12 is a fourth embodiment of the photovoltaic elements in the apparatus of FIG. 1 or 3 in the area of a two-lane railway.

In FIG. 1 is a schematic and outline illustration of an embodiment of a photovoltaic power generating device intended to be installed in a two-lane railway line. Such a device consists of, in each case, along the railway line, which is in this case two-tier and symbolically illustrated by two wagons, arranged side by side in modularly designed and generally prefabricated supporting frames 1, adapted to attach, in each case, an appropriate number of solar arrays 2 modules 20, which are available as such, either in the art known in the art in panel design or as rod elements.

Each frame 1 consists of four vertically positioned columns 11, 12, 13, 14, each of which is secured to the available foundation 311, 312 by means of a sketch of the unscrewed screw connection shown in the corresponding flange 1,, 12 ', 13', 14 ', 313, 314. The pillars 11, 12, 13, 14 are preferably disassembled with one another, but in general may also be indissolubly connected via two transverse horizontal beams 15, 16 and two longitudinal horizontal beams 17, 18. Frame 1 is due to the universality and prefabrication options and corresponding quick and easy installation modularly designed in such a way that said pillars 11, 12, 13, 14 are in plan or plan. based on arranged in the corners of a rectangle with longer sides A and shorter sides B.

In this respect, depending on the dimensions of the railway line itself or. for each of the tracks available, the length of said longer side A chosen so as to correspond to the distance between the adjacent pillars 11, 12, 13, 14, which are arranged along the two-lane railway in accordance with the regulations, in a transverse direction the course of the railway itself.

Quite analogously, the length of the shorter side B is chosen to correspond to the distance between the adjacent pillars 11, 12, 13, 14 at each one and, in accordance with the regulations, the specified distance along a one-lane railway in a transverse direction the railway lines themselves.

Accordingly, the same modularly designed frame 1 with columns 11, 12, 13, 14 arranged in the planes of the rectangles with sides A and B is usable, optionally for installation in the one-track railway area (Figs 2 and 4), or single-track railway lines (Figures 1 and 3). Thanks to the described design of the support frame 1 is

then the preparation of foundations 311, 312, 313, 314 is also simple and precise.

When the frame 1 is positioned in the area of the one-track railway (Fig. 5 - 8), the longer sides A of said rectangle run parallel to the longitudinal horizontal beams 17, 18 and the shorter sides B parallel to the transverse horizontal beams 15, 16. When the frame is 1, placed in the area of the two-lane railway line (Figs. 9-12), the shorter sides B of said rectangle run parallel to the longitudinal horizontal beams 17, 18 and the longer sides A parallel to the transverse horizontal beams 15, 16,

The height H of the frame 1 is, in principle, selected regardless of whether it is a one-track or two-track line, but it may depend on whether the frame is intended to be installed on the track of an existing railway line (Figs. 3 and 4) or whether installation in the area of the railway line, which is being built at the same time as the installation of the frames 1. In the case of the installation of the frames 1 in the area of the already existing electrified line according to FIG. 3 and 4 are essentially pillars or similar supports 41, 42 and electrical conductors 410 ', 410; 420 ', 420 standing electrification assembly 4 of the railway line next to the latter is mounted independently of the placement of the supporting frames 1, while in the case of FIG. 1 and 2 brackets 41, 42 of electrical conductors 410 ', 410; 420 ', 420 of electrification assembly 4 attached to columns 11, 12, 13, 14 of support frame 1.

The solar modules 20 are attached to said mounting frames 1 in rows 2, each in the area between the two transverse beams 15, 16 and / or both longitudinal beams 17, 18. The attachment of the modules 20 to said beams 15, 16, 17, 18 is can be done in different ways, e.g. by means of support bars 19, by means of prestressed ropes or the like. Particularly in the case where modules 20 are available in a rod design, rope-mounting may be preferred. The arrangement of solar modules 20 oz. the sets of 2 solar modules 20 are, in principle, dependent on the course of the railway line. The modules 20 are preferably arranged in such a way that as much of their surface as possible is exposed to the sun during most of the day and in all seasons, and it is then possible to count on the proper efficiency of the electricity generation itself. Accordingly, it is possible to arrange on the frame 1 of a series of 2 solar modules 20 in different sections along the railway line the available carrier frames 1 either in the direction transverse to the course of the railway (Figs. 5 and 9) or at an angle and at least approximately transversely (Figs. 6 and 10), or longitudinally (Figs. 8 and 12), or at least approximately longitudinally (Figs. 7 and 11) depending on the course of the railway line itself. Frame 1 is dimensioned to ensure that it is rigid in all load conditions, as can be expected under all conditions and conditions, including climatic and meteorological conditions and taking into account the environment along which the railway line runs.

For safety reasons, it is further contemplated according to the invention that, in the area under the solar panels 20, a safety net 5 is tensioned in the area of the support frame 1 (Figs. 1 to 4), by means of which the railway line below it is secured against possible debris solar modules, which could at least theoretically occur for various reasons.

It will be understood by one of skill in the art that, in addition to said frames 1 and arrays 2 of solar modules 20, the power generation apparatus also includes other electrical components that are required to either establish suitable electrical circuits between the cells of said modules 20 in individual arrays 2 or more connected arrays 2 interconnected into each set of 2 properly connected

modules 2, as well as various other components, e.g. erasers, converters, control components and sensors for collecting, converting, accumulating and regulating the electricity generated, and for protecting the device itself from damage or overload and other undesirable external influences.

Claims (11)

PATENT APPLICATIONS A photovoltaic device for generating electricity, adapted for installation in an area accessible or contemplated at any one time, and in any desired longitudinal direction of an electrified or non-electrified railway line running, comprising at least one support frame (1) and at least one set (2) into at least one electrical circuit of electrically interconnected solar modules (20), each of which is attached to said frame (1), characterized in that the frame (1) consists of four vertically mounted and each of them on an appropriate basis (311, 312, 313, 314) on the base of the fixed columns (11, 12, 13, 14), as well as from the two transversely with respect to the course of the railway line, through the said columns (11, 12, 13, 14), mounted and rigidly connected supports (15, 16) and the couples longitudinally with respect to the course of the railway line through the said columns (11, 12, 13, 14) of the supports and the rigidly connected supports (17, 18) thereof, so that salt is always available mounting panels (20) to said frame (1) fastening in the area of said transverse and longitudinal beams (15, 16, 17, 18) and thus, above the one or two-track electrically-available railway track available at any one time or twice, and at a sufficient vertical distance from such that it is possible to carry out rail traffic safely and in accordance with the regulations, and thus that said frame (1) is further designed so that said columns (11, 12, 13, 14) are in plan or plan. based on the angles of the rectangle with the longer sides (A) and the shorter sides (B), with respect to the dimensions of the railway line itself or. the length of said longitudinal side (A), in each available track, chosen to correspond to the distance between the adjacent pillars (11, 12, 13, 14) arranged along a two-lane railway in accordance with the regulations, and transversely to the course of the railway itself, while the length of the shorter side (B) is so chosen as to correspond to the distance between the adjacent pillars (11, 12, 13, 14), which are arranged at a distance according to the regulations along a one-lane railway, in a longitudinal direction with respect to the course of the railway itself. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the panels (20) on the frame (1), which are available at each other and electrically arranged, are arranged side by side and electrically arranged in such a way that each set (2 ) of the solar panels (20) extends at least approximately in the transverse direction with respect to the one or two-track railway lines available below it. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the available solar panels (20) on the frame (1) are arranged in such a way that they are available at each other and electrically arranged in such a way that the respective array (2 ) of the solar panels (20) runs in a transverse direction depending on the course of the one or two-track railway lines available below it. Apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that the panels (20) on the frame (1) are arranged in such a way that each of them is available, arranged side by side and electrically in at least one set (2), so that each set (2) ) of the solar panels (20) runs at least approximately one or two-track railway lines below it. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the panels (20) on the frame (1), which are available at each other and electrically arranged at one another (2), are arranged in such a way that the respective set (2) ) of the solar panels (20) runs along the single or double track lines available below it. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1-5, characterized in that the columns (11, 12, 13, 14) of the supporting frame (1) are arranged along each of the available supports (41, 42) of the electrical conductors (410 ', 410; 420 ', 420) electrification assembly (4) of electrified one or two track lines. Device according to one of Claims 1-5, characterized in that the supports (41, 42) of the electrical conductors (410 ', 410; 420', 420) of the electrification assembly (4) are electrified on a one or two-track railway line the columns (11, 12, 13, 14) of the frame (1) in the area above the railway line and at a suitable vertical distance from the latter, and below the transverse and longitudinal supports (15, 16, 17, 18) of the support frame (1). Device according to one of Claims 1-5, characterized in that in the area under the transverse and longitudinal beams (15, 16, 17, 18) of the supporting frame (1) there is provided a safety net (5) which is attached to the frame (1 ). Device according to one of Claims 1 - 7, characterized in that it is in the area under the transverse and longitudinal supports (15, 16, 17, 18) of the support frame (1) and above the electrical conductors (410 ', 410; 420' , 420) electrification assembly (4) of the single or double track line, where available, provided with a safety net (5) attached to the frame (1). Device according to one of Claims 1-9, characterized in that at least one solar module (20) of the respective array (2) is available as a plate solar module, namely as a solar panel. Device according to one of Claims 1-9, characterized in that at least one solar module (20) of the respective array (2) is available as a rod solar module.