SI22012A - Automatic fire door - Google Patents

Abstract

The aim of the invention is to provide a concept of an automatic fire door, meaning that they operate automatically in standard operating mode and that under emergency conditions they are automatically and unconditionally adaptable to meet the emergency operating mode requirements. This type of door includes at least one translatory shifting frame (8), which holds at least one rotating casing (9). According to the invention in the emergency operating mode the frame (8) can be shifted into the locked position with the help of energy, accumulated in the assembly springs (5) for forced closing. The upper bolt (6) for blocking or deblocking the casing (9) is equipped with an electromagnet, which against the force of spring blocks the casing (9), while also the lower bolt for blocking and unblocking along the guide (11) of the shiftable frame (8) is equipped by an electromagnet acting against the force of spring. Each casing (9) is equipped by a front sealing (16), which includes a deformable doorstop and an elastic fold. Such integrated doors require less space, while by meeting all standards in the field of fire protection they provide reliable and safe operation.

Description

Automatic fire door

The invention in the field of construction falls within the field of doors, specifically fire doors. On the other hand, the invention also relates to the construction of wings for opening or closing wings acting on the basis of a spring force.

The invention is based on the problem of how to design an automatic fire door, namely, automatically operating in the normal mode of operation, and in case of emergencies automatically and unconditionally adaptable to the critical mode of operation, which will require installation), to provide as little space as possible and which, when filled with all fire safety regulations also allow for reliable and safe use.

The fire door described in SI 21048 consists of a translatome along the respective guides of the movable wing, in which a swing wing is installed. In the normal mode of operation, the aforementioned frame, together with the sash which is locked, is translatomally movable and backwards along guides, thereby opening or closing the door. When critical situations occur, the frame moves to a predetermined position such that the door is closed, and the frame is also locked in this position so that its translarodic movement is disabled. At the same time, the wing can be unblocked, which can be swung from now on, thus opening or closing the door in critical operating mode.

In the normal mode of operation, the frame is generally moved by electric drive, while in the event of an emergency, the so-called door conversion is performed, namely changing the mode of operation from normal to critical, interrupting the power supply, placing the frame in the desired position including locking and unlocking the wing is then achieved solely by the accumulated potential energy available thanks to the weight embedded in a special housing, usually a pillar located directly next to the frame in the door opening or in close proximity to it, similar to that described in DE 203 05 720 Ul or DE 34 44 215 C2 or DE-OS 2 244 927 or AT 368 597 or also EP 0 868 588 BI. Namely, the weight is connected to a suitable tensioning strap through which the wing is movable, and in addition to the locking assembly and / or the corresponding lever. unblocking the frame and with the locking assembly. unlocking the wing.

To ensure fire safety, the sealing of the wings is performed by means of front seals, which are in the profile or. in cross-section similar to the letter L, such that the front seal of one wing resists the seal of the rest of the wing and, when the wings are closed, the seals are then in at least partially overlapped condition. Such a design of the sealing of the wings appears to be perfectly appropriate in normal operation and in terms of functionality only. In critical mode, on the other hand, it can lead to problems especially during the automatic closing of the swinging wings, which can be associated with serious consequences in an emergency. In addition, this design of the wings can also be problematic from the point of view of the safety of the door during normal operation. In translating relatively heavy frames, the seals of the cooperating frame wings each approach one another, and sometimes it is difficult or impossible to completely exclude the possibility of pinning one of the users with the door leaf, which could be associated with serious consequences.

Installing weights is basically a good and affordable way to accumulate energy, which can then be activated at any time even in the event of a power failure. However, it should be remembered that the transfer of this energy through a number of levers and other accessories to the sets for activation or. deactivation of the wings or frames is always associated with a particular risk of jams or similar complications that may occur over time for a variety of reasons, e.g. due to corrosion, intrusion of impurities, entrapment of insects and similar, difficult-to-predict phenomena. A problem of this nature may result in the potential energy being stored to go through all the necessary steps when simply switching to critical mode. As a result, maintenance and controls should be provided for the existing solution, if they can be sufficiently effective at all. Last but not least, the installation of weights, which must be relatively large, requires a relatively large amount of space, so the dimensions of such doors are relatively large, which in the areas of passage where space is not usually overdue, certainly has a negative effect on functionality and at the same time aesthetic appearance cannot be optimal.

On the other hand, e.g. DE 196 52 600 C2 proposes a solution for doors in which the swinging and, above all, folding wings are also movable by the force of a spring. This is not basically a sliding door, but rather a door of rolling stock or similar vehicles, in which the use of energy stored in appropriate springs is envisaged for emergency wing movement. However, such doors are basically not designed as fire doors and are intended to operate in completely different conditions than the doors of the invention.

Furthermore, sliding and detachable doors are described in DE 80 16 371 Ul. This is a fixed wing assembly and a sliding wing that closes the door opening. In normal operation, the sliding wing is movable in the respective rails above and below, parallel to and adjacent to the fixed wing, while in critical conditions the sliding wing first closes and then the guides with both wings rotate 90 degrees around the pivots which are both arranged one above the other in the central area of the neck opening. Said rotation is also carried out in this case through an appropriate rope-based transmission based on the energy stored in the springs in this case. This type of door is not intended as a fire door, rather than an emergency exit from department stores in the event of a power failure. Outcast or. the twisted wings are, inter alia, in the direction of abyss or entering or exiting are poorly visible, as well as the very concept of opening in case of serious conditions and panic is questionable, last but not least the containment of the effects of the fire, including sealing in the source mentioned above, is not even mentioned.

The present invention relates to automatic fire doors consisting of at least one along the respective guides of the translatomally movable frame and at least one in said frame of the swivel-shaped wing, which are so designed that in normal mode of operation said frame is movable and the wing is locked in critical in operating mode, however, the frame is locked and the wing unblocked. The translatome movement of the respective frame is enabled, on the one hand, by a suitable electric propulsion motor and a suitable actuator, and on the other hand, the movement of said frame can be blocked in a predetermined position by means of a suitable locking latch, and / or a gear engagement gear adapted for engagement. with a toothed rack fixed to the base near said guide. In addition, at least the front, in the direction of movement of the frame projecting protruding gasket and optionally with the automatic closing, the wing is provided in a rotatable manner, in particular the shamirically, mounted in each corresponding frame, where it can be locked on the one hand with the help of a suitable locking plate. of the locking latch on the other hand, and, where possible, swivel the door with the help of a sash or an appropriate hook to open the door. In normal mode of operation, the frame, along with the translatomo-locked wing mounted in it, is movable back and forth along the guides, while in critical mode, the frame is locked in a predetermined position, allowing it to be rotated each time within the available wing.

According to the invention, a further refined door design comprising for this purpose is proposed

- a forced closing assembly comprising at least one spring, preferably a coil spring, and provided with a push-in attachment which is movable by means of this spring and is intended to engage with the frame in the sense of moving the latter into a locking position by a latch at the transition from normal to critical door rotation mode;

- an electromagnetic latch is provided to lock the frame in a predetermined position, which, as long as it is connected to the available power source, makes it possible, but otherwise prevents the translational movement of the frame;

- an electromagnetic snap latch, which includes at least an electromagnet and, with the aid of it, and against the force of a suitable spring, a movable toothed latch which is adapted to cooperate with a fixed toothed rack, so that when the solenoid is connected to an available source at all times electricity, said nozzle held at a suitable distance from the lath, otherwise pressed against the lath by said spring;

- an electromagnetic snap-lock, including at least an electromagnet and a mechanically coupled snap-lock, which, when the sash is locked in the frame when the electromagnet is connected to the available power source, locks the springs into a suitable locking plate against the force of the spring; said springs being unlocked, thereby unlocking the sash. detachable from the plane of the frame.

According to the invention, therefore, the respective frame, together with the respective wing, is movable to the closed position as it relates during the critical operating mode, solely by means of the spring of the forced closing assembly. In doing so, all electrical and electromagnetic components, namely the drive motor and said electromagnets, are controlled and controlled by means of a coherent electronic control unit, which includes sensors and other electronic elements for emergency detection and is connected to the available power source. In addition, in the event of an emergency, all electrical and electromagnetic elements, namely at least the drive motor and said electromagnets, are interrupted at the same time.

A preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized by the fact that the upper electromagnetic latch for blocking the swing of the wing relative to the frame is arranged in the area of the frame directly above the wing, which is provided in the immediate vicinity of said latch with a locking plate adapted to receive the latch. Said electromagnet is mechanically coupled to the snap-lock via at least one lever and / or the respective connecting elements.

Further, the lower solenoid latch is arranged in the lower region of the frame in close proximity to the front guide and toothed rack, and the toothed latch of the latch is mechanically, preferably via, directly, through a suitable control rod, connected to the associated solenoid. In critical operating mode with the frame locked and the unlocked wing, the toothed latch of the lower latch assembly is mounted in and against the / to the gear rack, which in addition to blocking the frame also prevents the overhanging of the loose wing.

In addition, each wing on its closing front surface is provided with a front gasket that can be secured to the wing by means of a mounting plate on one side of the wing having a deformable support and on the other side of the wing a flexible flap. Said gasket is preferably divided into two parts in the available dividing plane located between the abutment and the flap, which are spaced parallel to each other by means of a mounting plate at the same time and in the same way as the undivided gasket is attached to the wing. In this case, the flexible tab is curved in the direction away from the dividing plane and back, i.e. away from the direction of projection of the seal from the wing. According to the invention, it is also envisaged that the seal consists of a non-combustible rubber that complies with fire safety standards.

The invention will now be explained in more detail on the basis of the embodiment and in connection with the accompanying drawing, where FIG. 1 is an automatic fire door in the outline, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view along the line A - A of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a detailed view of the forced closing assembly in perspective; FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the lower electromechanical snap lock, FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the upper electromechanical snap lock, FIG. 6 is a detail B in FIG. 1, FIG. 7 is a detail C in FIG. 2, FIG. 8 is a detail D according to FIG. 2, FIG. 9 profile or. cross section of the door leaf sealing rubber.

In FIG. 1 shows an example of an automatic fire door according to the invention, in which, in the example shown, slidingly movable frames 8 swivel two equally sized and mirrored wings 9 in each case. However, it will be understood by a person skilled in the art that they are without doubt possible also different door designs, e.g. with two sliding frames 8 and a single wing 9 or e.g. with two differently sized wings 9 or e.g. with one frame 8 and one wing 9 or the other.

The door according to the invention is intended to operate in two modes of operation, namely normal and critical mode. In normal operating mode, the door acts as a normal sliding door, with the door being opened by translatomally moving frames 8 towards each other and closing by moving frames 8 towards each other, while in critical operating mode, each frame 8 is blocked, at the same time it is released or unlocks the respective wing 9 in each case so that the door is opened and / or closed in critical mode by means of the swinging wings 9 while the frame 8 is stationary. Transformation from normal to critical mode is performed automatically and especially without the need for power supply.

Such a door basically comprises a drive 1 with associated drive motor 2, load wheels 3 to provide the translational movability of the frame 8, further an electromagnetic latch 4 to lock the frame 8 in a predetermined position, further a forced closure assembly 5 and an upper electromechanical snap latch 6 provided to cooperate with the locking plate 7, and in addition to the aforementioned load-bearing sliding frames 8 with integrated wings 9. The frames 8 are guided in the direction of the translatome movement by means of side guides 11, and an automatic shutter 130 is preferably provided on the respective wing 9. latch 4 is an embodiment known to those skilled in the art as a bistable latch or also a bistable lock and which, in the event of a power outage, places the latch 4 in a position that allows it to be locked or locked. locking the load-bearing frame 8, which can no longer be moved.

The same door is also illustrated in FIG. 2, this time in cross section and in a manner previously explained. In each case, the sliding support frame 8, in which the flanged bearing member 9 is rotatably restrained, is movably positioned translatomally in the respective lateral guide 11. As can be seen in the aforementioned FIG. 2, the doors also comprise a fixed fixed toothed rack 12 and a lower electromechanical snap bolt 13 and side seals 14, in which case the slats 15, the front seals 16 and the mechanical lock 17 and the opposite lock assembly 18 are provided.

The fully mechanically actuated forced closing assembly 5, which is shown in more detail in FIG. 3, is located on the carrier 1 and comprises a spring assembly 20 with coil springs 24, a guide assembly 21, a slide guide 22, a thrust attachment 23, a retractor 25 with a holding brake and a steel cable 26.

The lower electromechanical locking latch 13 shown in FIG. 4, comprises electromagnet 28, pressure spring 29, toothed latch 30, switch carrier 31, control rod 32, and switch 33.

In FIG. 5, the upper electromechanical latch 6 shown comprises a mechanical lock 34, a lever 35, a tie element 36, a pressure spring 37, an electromagnet 38, a control rod 39, a support element 40, a switch 41, and a latch 42. The upper electromagnetic latch 6 is integrated in the slide the supporting frame 8 directly adjacent to the wing 9, as shown in FIG. 1 and in particular in FIG. 6, which also illustrates the closure of the latch 42 into the opening of the locking plate 7 and thereby locking the wing 9 in the frame

8.

The front sealing of the wings 9 is shown in FIG. 7, it being shown that one front seal 16 is provided on each wing 9, which in this case is fixed to the corresponding wing 9 by means of a mounting plate 43. The seal 16, which is also shown in FIG. 9, is made of special rubber that meets the requirements in terms of fire protection. The seal 16 is adapted to fit the mounting plate 43 and is provided, on the one hand, with a deformable support 45 and, on the other, with a flexible tab 46. In addition, the seal 16 in the region of its dividing plane 47 is divisible in a relatively simple manner, which makes the gasket the same. it is possible to use it at different thicknesses of the wings 9. The seal 16 is fixed to the wing 9 by means of a sheet 43 in the same way, either in the integral, undivided state (Fig. 7), or even after dividing and installing the two thus obtained parts of the seal 16 at a suitable spacing along the wing 9.

The side sealing of the door according to the invention can be seen in FIG. 8, where, among other things, in the built-in state, some other components such as. e.g. the lateral guide 11, the supporting sliding frame 8 of the wing 9, the toothed lath 12 with the corresponding toothed latch, and the lateral seal 14, which, similar to the aforementioned seal 14, is made of a special rubber that meets the requirements for fire protection.

Automatic fire in the normal mode of operation act as an automatic sliding door, which means that they open or open. they are closed by translatome movement of the frames 8, while each wing 9 in the corresponding frame 8 is locked or closed. locked and closed in this way and cannot be removed from this position during normal operation and thus opened.

In the critical mode of operation, namely in the event of an active fire signal, power failure or system failure, the translational movement of the respective frame 8 is closed first and unconditionally, and then by opening the latch 6 it is possible to open the door by loosening the respective wing 9, is achieved e.g. by means of a hook (Fig. 2) or a collision lath 15, while ensuring that the door is automatically closed, in this case on the basis of the return of the respective wing to its starting position in frame 8 by means of automatic closers 130.

After the door is installed, i.e. after installing the guides 11 and the corresponding number of frames 8 with their associated wings 9 and other components, the automatic door is started in such a way that the retractor 25 on the forced closing unit 5 extends the coil springs 24 which are then tense or. stretched condition held until critical mode is started. Thereafter, the respective wing 9 is locked by the upper electromechanical latch 6 at the same time, and at the same time and in the region of the respective lower electromechanical latch 13, by releasing the grips 30 between the toothed latch 30 and the corresponding toothed lath 12, respectively. it unlocks the respective frame 8, which is now translationally movable along the associated side bus 11. This makes the door ready for automatic operation and when the control electronics detect that all said electromechanical assemblies are ready for sliding operation in the normal mode of operation, the corresponding automatic control is activated. automatic door operation in normal mode, ie by sliding opening or closing. closing while wing 9 swinging is disabled.

During the normal mode of operation of the door as a sliding door, thanks to the respective forced closing unit 5 (Fig. 3), said helical springs 24 are tensioned, and on the supporting sliding frame 8 of the wing 9 there is a control rod 39 of the upper electromechanical latch 6 (Fig. 1 and 5) is engaged by means of an electromagnet 38, thereby holding the locking latch 42 in the locking plate 7 on the wing 9 via the lever 35 and the connecting element 36. At the same time, the gear latch 30 is held in place by means of the electromagnet 28 of the lower electromechanical latch 13 (Fig. 4). at a suitable distance from the toothed rack 12 so as to allow sliding or sliding. the translational movement of the frame 8 with the wing 9 past the guide 11 and the toothed rack 12. To control the condition of the tensioned springs 24 in the forced-closing assembly 5 by means of suitable sensors, the control electronics are always in charge, through which the state of the upper electromechanical latch 6 is constantly controlled. and lower electromechanical snap lock 13.

When an emergency occurs, the control electronics instantly disconnect all power supplies, thereby establishing a critical mode of operation (off state). In doing so, the holding brake 25 of the drive motor of the drive assembly 5 for forced closure is released, whereby, due to the sufficient amount of accumulated potential energy of the tensioned coil springs 24, the carrier sliding frame 8 together with the wing 9 is displaced by the pusher 23 of the guide assembly 21 (Fig. 3). to a closed position in which the movement of the respective frame 8 with the sash 9 is then blocked by means of an electromagnetic latch 4, and at the same time, thanks to the electromechanical latching latches 6, 13, the door is transformed from the normal mode of operation to the critical mode of operation in which the door is opened in this case, thanks to the upper electromechanical snap bolt 6, the tension springs 37 of the electromagnet 38 are leveled through the lever 35 and the connecting element 36 in order to raise the oz. retraction of the latch 42, thereby releasing the wing 9, which can then be detached or disengaged. to open. At the same time, thanks to the tensile pressure spring 29 of the solenoid 28 at the lower electromechanical latch 13, the gear latch 30 is in contact with the toothed rack 12, which is fixed to the fixed base, which prevents the wing 9 from swinging open when the door is opened.

After the emergency ceases, critical mode operation is eliminated by re-establishing the power supply, and then the control of the electromechanical assemblies is first verified by the control electronics and then restarted by the automatic operation of the door in normal mode, i.e. with translational movement of frames 8 and blocked wings 9.

Because fire doors are primarily and because they are generally installed in buildings where many people are detained, including children, the elderly, patients and the like, requiring particular attention in terms of logistics, the door solution also includes the choice of a suitable seal, which ensures the safe operation of the door in both possible operating modes and at the same time seals in case of critical conditions. The respective front seal 16 must be effectively sealed for at least a certain period of time, thus preventing fire and smoke from passing through the door in the event of a fire. The gasket 16 is made of non-combustible rubber and is fitted with a flexible fastener 45, thereby preventing personal injury to persons who could not withdraw in a timely manner while closing the door. Seal 16, which is shown in FIG. 9, in addition to the above, is also distinguished by the flexible tab 46, which is arranged on the opposite side of the dividing plane 47, as the said abutment 45. The tab 46 is curved in the outward and backward direction, i.e. away from the plane for receiving the mounting plate 43 and adapted in a t4 manner to support the support 45 of each complementary seal

16. This kind of gasket design 16 allows for excellent sealing and prevents the colliding wings 9 in each case, and in particular prevents damage to the user if he or she fails to withdraw from the door area at a closing time.

Claims (16)

PATENT APPLICATIONS E Automatic fire door consisting of at least one translatomally movable frame (8) along at least one along the respective guides (11) and at least one swivel-shaped wing (9) in said frame (8), so arranged that in said normal operating mode said frame (8) movable and sash (9) blocked, while in critical operating mode the frame (8) is locked and the sash (9) is unblocked, the translatomic movement of each frame (8) being facilitated, on the one hand, by a suitable electric drive motor ( 2) and a suitable actuator (1), on the other hand, the movement of the frame (8) can be locked in a pre-selected position by means of a latch (4) that either enables or disables the movement of the frame (8) and / or the toothed latch (30 ) adapted to cooperate with a toothed rack (12) fixed to the base near said guide (11), and at least in each case with a front, in the direction of movement of the frame (8) by the projecting seal (16) andoptionally with an automatic shutter (130) equipped with a wing (9) in a swivel manner, in particular the shamir, mounted in the respective frame (8), where it can be locked on the one hand by means of a suitable locking plate (7) and with its associated snap lock latch (42), on the other hand, to swing open the door (15) or a suitable hook to open the door, where possible, while keeping the frame (8) jointly in place, locked against the deflection, in normal operating mode the translatome wing (9) is movable and back along the guides (11), while in the critical operating mode the frame (8) is locked in a predetermined position, allowing each of them to be rotated within the available wing (9), characterized in that to scale - a forced closing assembly (5) comprising at least one spring (24) and provided with a thrust nozzle (23) which is movable by means of this spring (24) and is intended to cooperate with the frame (8) in terms of displacement thereof. to the locking position with the latch (4) on the transition from normal to critical door operation mode; - for locking the frame (8) in a predetermined position, an electromagnetic latch (4) is provided which, as long as it is connected to the available power source, makes it possible, but otherwise prevents the translational movement of the frame (8); - an electromagnetic latching latch (13) comprising at least an electromagnet (28) and, with the aid thereof, and a spring force (29), a movable toothed latching attachment (30) adapted for engagement with a fixed toothed rack (12), thus, when the electromagnet (28) is connected to the available power source, the attachment (30) is held at a suitable distance from the lath (12), otherwise it is pressed against said lath (12) by means of a spring (29). ; - an electromagnetic latch (6), including at least an electromagnet (38) and a mechanically coupled latch (42), which, when the sash (9) is locked in the frame (8) when the solenoid (38) is connected to each other, is available power source, lockable to the corresponding locking plate (7) by the force of the spring (37), otherwise it is unlocked thanks to said spring (37), thereby unlocking the sash (9). detachable from the plane of the frame (8). Door according to claim 1, characterized in that the electromagnetic latch (6) for blocking the swing of the wing (9) with respect to the frame (8) is arranged in the area of the frame (8) directly above the wing (9), which is in close proximity said latch (6) provided with a locking plate (7) adapted to receive the latch (42). Door according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the electromagnet (38) is mechanically connected to the snap-lock (42) via at least one lever (35) and / or the corresponding connecting elements (36). Door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower electromagnetic latch (13) is arranged in the lower area of the frame (8) in the immediate vicinity of the front guide (11) and the toothed rack (12). A door according to claim 4, characterized in that the toothed latch (30) of the latch (13) is mechanically connected to the associated electromagnet (28). Doors according to claim 5, characterized in that the toothed latch (30) of the latch (13) is mechanically connected, at least through the control rod (32), to the associated electromagnet (28). Door according to claim 5, characterized in that the toothed latch (30) of the latch (13) is connected directly to the associated electromagnet (28) via a control rod (32). Doors according to claim 4, characterized in that, in the critical operating mode, with the locked frame (8) and the unlocked sash (9), the toothed latch (30) of the lower latch assembly (13) is arranged in contact and resistance to / in the toothed rack (8). 12), which in addition to blocking the frame (8) also prevents excessive attachment of the deflected wing (9). Door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the frame (8) together with the respective wing (9) is movable to the closed position in which it relates during the critical operating mode, exclusively by means of the assembly spring (24) (5) for forced closing. Doors according to Claims 1 and 9, characterized in that the spring (24) of the forced closure assembly (5) is available as a helical spring. Door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wing (9) on each of its closing front surfaces is provided with a front seal (16) which is fixed to the wing (9) by means of a fastening plate (43) and which on one side of the wing (9) comprises a deformable support (45) and on the other side of the wing (9) a flexible tab (46). Door according to Claim 11, characterized in that the seal (16) in each available dividing plane (47), which is located between the abutment (45) and the tab (46), is divisible into two parts spaced parallel to each other by means of a mounting plate (43) simultaneously and in the same way as an undivided gasket (43) fastens to the sash (9). Door according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the flexible tab (46) is curved in the direction away from the dividing plane (47) and back i.e. away from the projection of the seal (16) from the sash (9). A door according to claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the gasket (16) is made of non-combustible rubber that meets fire safety standards. A door according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that all the electrical and electromagnetic parts, namely at least the drive motor (2) and the electromagnet (28, 38), are controlled and controlled by means of a coherent electronic control unit including sensors and other electronic elements for emergency detection and is connected to the available power source. Door according to claim 15, characterized in that in the event of an emergency in all electrical and electromagnetic elements, namely at least the drive motor (2) and the electromagnets (28, 38), the power supply is interrupted simultaneously.