SI25774A - Automatic sliding fire door - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of construction, more precisely to the field of doors for special purposes, in particular for preventing the spread of fire. The invention is an automatic sliding fire door that can operate in sliding and swing mode, and does not require a lock, hook or push bar to open. The door includes a longitudinal bracket in which at least one sliding door leaf is clamped over the trolley so that the leaf can move in sliding mode. The sliding wing consists of a door leaf and a sliding frame, the next of which the wing is clamped with at least one opening hinge in swing mode. The door further includes a sliding wing automatic closing closure integrated in the sliding frame, a movable tubular seal in the closed door slot at the wing-frame contact or between the two wings, a forced door closing assembly in the event of a crisis, and a sash handle. neck in swing mode. In the event of a crisis, the passage through the door is enabled by opening the swinging wing on one side by pushing and by pulling the sink handle on the other side.

Description

AUTOMATIC SLIDING FIRE DOORS

Field of technology

The invention belongs to the field of construction, more precisely to the field of doors for special purposes, in particular for preventing the spread of fire. The present invention relates to automatic sliding fire doors that can operate in sliding and swing mode, but do not require protruding elements such as hooks and slats to open.

Background of the invention and technical problem

Automatic fire sliding doors are intended for installation at the borders of fire sectors, as well as on evacuation routes. They are most commonly used to prevent the spread of fire, but they must allow for the safe evacuation of people. They are used for residential areas, hospitals, shopping malls, industrial, business premises, medical and tourist premises. Existing automatic fire sliding doors combine automatic sliding operation (under normal conditions), and in the event of a fire signal, mains failure or malfunction, the door closes automatically and completely mechanically and switches to the operation of a classic swing door that opens with a hook or crash bar.

The technical problem solved by the invention is the design of such automatic sliding fire doors for evacuation routes, which do not have a built-in functional hardware for manual opening on the external visible surfaces of the door leaf, ie without a lock, hook and / or batten or similar elements. in sliding operation, they represent the possibility of user injury, while at the same time requiring a complicated design and a larger number of components, as well as greater opening forces. The aim of the invention is therefore to provide a simplified automatic sliding fire door for evacuation routes, which have no built-in functional and safety elements, ie no protruding elements. This simplification reduces the number of components and assemblies on the product, which in turn results in greater reliability, lower cost of automatic doors, ease of use in emergency situations and architectural aesthetics.

State of the art

Fire automatic sliding doors with swinging wings, described in patent Sl 21048, are equipped with a mechanical sliding forced closing system, which in case of emergencies unconditionally closes and locks the sliding wings and unlocks the swinging wings, which are an integral part of the sliding wing or hinges attached to the supporting sliding frame. In the event of an emergency such as a fire signal or power failure, the sliding door leaves close and lock unconditionally, and the swinging wings are unlocked to become active, allowing opening with a hook or batten and automatic closing with a self-closing device. The mechanical system that closes and locks the sliding wings and unlocks the swinging wings is based on the stored potential energy in the form of raised weights or compressed compression springs. Components that allow the swinging wings to be opened and closed, such as locks, hooks, battens, self-closing devices, and a system for synchronously closing the swinging wings, are installed on the wing surfaces. However, such a design can be dangerous for the user, as in the normal mode of operation of the door, when the wings slide, the components protrude from the wing, but they must be present, as otherwise the door would not be able to open.

Fig. 22012A describes an automatic fire door with the same mode of operation and conversion from sliding mode to fire mode as described in Fig. 21048. The only difference is in the design of the components providing the conversion from normal sliding mode to fire mode. modus operandi. The energy for closing the sliding wing during the conversion in the fire mode of operation is provided by the potential energy of the tensioned coil springs, and the systems for locking the sliding wing and unlocking the oscillating wing are controlled by electromagnetic actuators. Components for opening and automatically closing the swinging wings are also installed on the outer surfaces of the wings.

Known solutions have doors that must have functional elements, as otherwise they cannot be opened. The invention differs from the known solutions in that it does not require these elements, since the opening is enabled in a different way.

Description of the solution to the technical problem

The subject of the present invention is an automatic sliding fire door for escape routes with one or more sliding wings. The sliding sash consists of a sliding frame and a swinging sash, which is hinged to the sliding jamb and can be opened 90 or more degrees in the event of a fire when the sliding sash closes unconditionally, allowing passage through the door. Said automatic sliding fire doors have two modes of operation:

- sliding mode of operation is when the sliding wings in normal conditions move translationally in the open and closed position;

- fire mode of operation occurs when due to an alarm or power failure, the mechanical system with the help of stored potential energy in the form of tensioned springs unconditionally closes the sliding wings, and unlocks the swinging wings, which are then in the function of swing doors and passage is possible. The oscillating wings are unlocked in the same way as in the solution described in Fig. 2212.

The described technical problem is solved with such a construction of automatic sliding fire doors, which allows the surfaces of sliding wings without protruding elements, ie without built-in hardware (locks, battens, hooks). The essence of automatic sliding fire doors is that in the event of a fire, the passage is enabled by opening the swinging wing on one side by pushing, and on the other side by pulling the sink handle. To be able to open in this way, automatic sliding fire doors include:

- a longitudinal carrier in which at least one sliding door leaf is clamped over the trolley so that said sliding leaf can move in sliding mode;

- the sliding door leaf consists of a door leaf and a sliding frame to which the door leaf is also attached by at least one swing opening hinge;

- Closing for automatic closing of the swinging wing integrated in the profile of the sliding door frame;

- a flexible tubular seal arranged in the gap of the closed door at the contact between the sash and the frame or between the contact of two wings, allowing the door to be pushed or pulled around hinges for the oscillating mode of movement of the door wings;

- assembly for forcibly closing sliding doors in the event of a fire alarm, power failure or similar event, the assembly comprising:

o helical springs attached to the housing of the assembly and attached to the door leaf trolley guided on the guides, the trolley also being connected to a tow rope wound on a drum, o said drum being mounted directly on the gear shaft attached to the a housing, said drum being mounted in a flange attached to the housing;

- a recessed handle for pulling the door leaves in swing mode mounted on at least one door leaf.

The longitudinal support has a guide along which the trolleys with the guide wheels move, and at least one sliding wing is hung on the trolleys. The sliding wing consists of a sliding frame and a swinging wing, which is mounted on the sliding frame by means of hinges. The drive assembly moves or opens and closes at least one sliding wing. In the event of an alarm, the forced closing assembly forcibly closes at least one sliding wing by means of the stored kinetic energy in the tensioned springs. The closure for automatic closing of the swinging wing is preferably made as described in document Sl 22012, with the difference that it is integrated only in the sliding frame. Automatic closing of the swing door is important to prevent swinging opening when the door is operating in normal, sliding mode. When the alarm is activated, the sliding door is forced to close, said closing is released and the door leaf can be opened in swing mode.

The sliding door frame is preferably prestressed, because this solves the problem of hanging the sliding frame when opening the swinging wing. In the case of known doors, the weight of the wings caused the wings to sag, touch the ground and result in poor performance. Therefore, the known solutions had a latch to block the sliding opening of the jamb on the underside. The sliding frame is prestressed as follows: the sliding frame has tension rods inserted through the empty space of the vertical profile, through the penetration of the horizontal profile and through the hollow attachment on the supporting horizontal profile, which are screwed into the mounting plate on the lower part of the vertical profile. On the hollow bits, the bars are screwed with a nut, which is also a control element for adjusting the preload of the sliding frame.

Compared to known solutions, the present invention also does not require a mechanism for synchronous automatic closing of swinging wings, since in single-leaf doors the vertical contact between the swinging wing and the fixed frame on the wall or in double-leaf doors the vertical contact of two swinging wings has no resistance. flexible tubular seals that allow the wing wings to open and close automatically, in any sequence or both wings at the same time. At the same time, the flexible seals at the vertical wing-frame contact for single-leaf doors and the left wing-right leaf for double-leaf doors seal reliably.

The described construction design additionally enables the production of swinging wings, which have no cross-sections and can be fitted with uniform glass or panels, which contributes to a more beautiful appearance of the door.

Because due to thermal loads in fire conditions, the glazing slats used to protect glass or panels often fall out, the automatic sliding fire doors according to the invention have this problem solved with thin and narrow metal plates attached to the glazing strip. When glazing sash and glazing walls, these tiles are pushed under the glass or panel, and the friction force between the glass or panel and the tile is sufficient to prevent the glazing slats from falling out of the frame. Thus, in the event of a fire, the glass or panel protects the slat from falling out, and the slat protects the cracks around the glass or panel, which are usually a weak point for smoke and / or fire to escape. This is very important for door leaves according to the invention, as the leaves can be made of large glass or panels, which must be securely fastened even in the event of an elevated temperature.

The sliding door frame according to the invention consists of load-bearing profiles and fire-fighting profiles, which are preferably connected to the t.i. twin slot fixing, which eliminates the need for welding, which causes deformation of the profiles and thus lowers the quality of the door. In essence, along the flaps of the fire profiles, elongated penetrations are cut in a certain order on both sides, and specially designed tabs are made on the support profile, which have the same grid as the penetrations, but have a delay due to the alignment of the profiles. When the tabs on the support profile are inserted into the holes in the fire profile and the support profile is pushed in the direction of the notch on the tab, a strong connection is formed between the two profiles.

The solution of automatic sliding fire doors for evacuation routes can be used for single-leaf and double-leaf doors and the use of all types and dimensions of fire profiles and fire windows. These doors can be built into the wall and glass openings on the evacuation routes and allow easy and safe evacuation of people and things in the early stages of the fire, while preventing the passage of fire and smoke to the protected area for a certain time.

The automatic sliding fire door according to the invention will be described in more detail below with the aid of embodiments and figures showing:

Figure 1a double-leaf automatic sliding fire door from the inside

Figure 1b double-leaf automatic sliding fire door from the outside

Figure 2 section A - A

Figure 3 section B - B

Figure 4 sliding frame

Figure 5 assembly for forced closure

Figure 6 joining of load-bearing profiles

Figure 7 section C - C

Figure 1a shows a double-leaf automatic sliding fire door, preferably automatic, mounted on the firewall 1 separating the two fire sectors. A longitudinal support with a guide 2 is placed above the firewall opening, along which the trolleys 5 with the guide wheels move, and sliding wings 6 are hung on the trolleys. The sliding wing 6 consists of a sliding frame 6a and a swinging wing 6b, which is on a sliding frame. mounted by means of hinges 7. The drive assembly 3 moves or opens and closes the sliding wings 6 and 6a. In the event of an alarm, the forced closing assembly 4 forcibly closes the sliding wings 6 by means of the stored kinetic energy in the tensioned springs. Figure 1b shows the possible installation of a push handle for opening the door from the outside.

Figure 2 shows the contact of two front fire profiles 8 and 11, from which the frame of the swinging wing 6b is made when the sliding wings 6 are closed in normal sliding mode or in fire mode when the sliding wings 6 are forcibly closed. The slot 10 is sealed with tubular seals 9 and 9a, which are inserted: in the groove 8a, the profile 8 and in the groove 11a of the profile 11.

The profile 8a can be a frame profile in a single-wing system or a frame profile of another opposite swinging wing.

According to the invention, the swing door leaves are unattached, the slot 10 in the closed door at the front contact between the swing wing 6b and the frame made of fire profile 8 or between the contact of two swinging wings is sealed with tubular seals 9 and 9a to prevent flame and smoke. The tubular flexible seals 9 and 9a, with their shape and the properties of the material from which they are made, and the position of installation, perfectly seal both sash and slide, prevent the passage of flame and smoke, and at the same time allow the sequence of opening and closing of swinging wings. Thus, the door wings can only be opened by pushing from the inside at the same time or one after the other.

The sealing of the gap between the wall 1 along the entire height of the door and the inner plane of the door 17 with the door closed in normal sliding mode or with forced door in fire mode is shown in Figure 3 section B - B. The fire profile 13 with tab 13a is fixed to the vertical profile 18 of the sliding frame 6a. When closing the sliding sash 6, the flap 13a is driven into the space 15a of the sealing profile 15 which is mounted on the L profile 14 and which is fixed to the wall 1. To prevent the passage of flame or smoke, membrane seals 16 and 16a are installed in the space 15a. they embrace the tab 13a and are inserted into the channel 15b and 15c. When the door is closed, the flap 13a of the fire profile 13 attached to the sliding jamb 6a is driven into a chamber where it is embraced by the membrane seals 16 and 16a. This prevents the passage of flame and smoke through the crack.

The safety rubber 12 is glued along the entire length of the vertical profile 11 of the sliding frame 6a. A safety rubber is a safety element, as its shape and the properties of the material from which it is made ensure that the impact force is reduced by approximately 60%.

The sliding frame 6a is one of the elements of the sliding wing 6 and is placed on the longitudinal carrier with the guide 2 via trolleys with tread wheels 5 and connected to the drive assembly 3, which translationally moves it to the open or closed position. The oscillating sash 6b is attached to the sliding jamb 6a by means of hinges 7 and thus forming a sliding jamb 6a and an oscillating sash 6b a sliding sash 6. According to the invention, the sliding jamb no longer needs a latch to block the sliding jamb. operation when the swinging wings open.

Figure 4 shows a sliding frame 6a according to the invention. It is made in the shape of the letter L, where the longer arm of the frame is the vertical profile 18 and the shorter arm, the horizontal profile 24. They are made of the same fire profile and welded at an obliquely cut contact. The profiles thus connected are reinforced on the outside with a support vertical profile 17 and a support horizontal profile 19. The support profiles 17 and 19 are connected to the fire protection profiles 18 and 24 by t.i. twin slot fixing as shown in Figure 6. Along the tabs of fire profiles, elongated penetrations are cut on both sides in a certain sequence, and specially designed tabs are made on the support profile, which have the same grid as the penetrations but due to the alignment of profiles with delay. If the tabs on the support profile are inserted into the holes in the fire profile and the support profile is pushed in the direction of the notch on the tab, a strong connection is formed between the two profiles. This joining system is used so that no welding is required, which causes deformation of the profiles.

The sliding frame has tension rods 21 and 21a inserted through the empty space of the vertical profile 18 and through the penetration of the horizontal profile 24 and through the hollow nozzle 22 and 22a on the supporting horizontal profile 19, which are screwed into the mounting plate 20 at the top on the lower part of the vertical profile 11. , and on the hollow bits, the bars are screwed with a nut 23 and 23a, which are also control elements for adjusting the preload of the sliding frame, and said preload prevents the suspension of the sliding frame.

Figure 5 shows an assembly for forced closing 4, which includes a door according to the invention. Forced closing of the door is necessary if the door is open when the fire alarm is activated or there is a power failure. In order to be able to open in swing mode, they must first be closed, which allows assembly 4. It is designed as a single assembly, which is mounted on a longitudinal bracket with guide 2 when assembling the door. The function of the forced closing assembly is to fire mode of operation in the event of interruption of the supply of electricity by means of the accumulated potential energy of tensioned coil springs forcibly closes the sliding wings of automatic doors. The hollow profile housing 36 has a hole into which a flange 35 is inserted and attached, to which a gear 26a is attached and to which an electric motor 26 with an electromagnetic brake is attached. A drum 27 is mounted on the output shaft of the gearbox 26a, which is then mounted in a flange 34, which is inserted into a hole in the housing 36 and screwed onto it. In the housing 36 are mounted guides 28 and 28a, which carry and guide the trolley 30 in its translational movement. A steel rope 29 wound on a drum 27 and a set of helical springs 31 are connected to the trolley 30. When the electric motor with an electromagnetic brake winds the steel rope on the drum when the door is in normal sliding mode, it pulls the trolley and tightens the coil springs. After the tensioning of the springs, the electromagnetic brake of the electric motor keeps the tension coil springs and the trolley in the initial position 32 until the fire alarm, when the power supply is interrupted or due to a power failure due to failure, after the power failure, when the electromagnetic brake of the electric motor released, the tensioned coil springs have enough energy to pull the trolley back to the closed position 33 when returning to its original position, and during the way to the closed position, the pusher 30a hits the sliding jamb 6a and pushes the entire sliding wing 6 to the closed position. lock 25 blocks.

Figure 7 shows the method of attaching the glass to the frame of the oscillating sash 6b, which is made of fire profiles. After installing the glass 42 in the frame of the oscillating sash 6b, the glazing slats 39 are installed in the frame, having at certain intervals along the length of narrow and thin metal plates 41. When installing the glazing slats in the frame of the oscillating sash and fixed walls, the metal plates are pushed under glass / panel, and the glass strip is fastened by pressing it on the button 40, where it locks. After installing the glazing slats, the sealing rubber 37 and 38 are also installed.

The described automatic sliding fire doors do not have protruding elements like the previously known similar doors, which can operate in sliding and swing mode, as they do not require locks, hooks, push bars or similar elements to open, and despite their simple design provide reliable and safe operation.

Claims (11)

Patent claims 1. Automatic sliding fire doors, the opening of which in the event of fire is made possible by opening the swinging sash on one side by pushing the sash and by pulling the sink handle on the other side, said doors including: - a longitudinal carrier with a guide (2), in which at least one sliding door leaf (6) is clamped via trolleys (5) so that said sliding wing (6) can move in a sliding mode; - the sliding door leaf (6) consists of a door leaf (6b) and a sliding frame (6a) to which the door leaf is also attached by at least one hinge (7) for opening in an oscillating mode; - closure for automatic closing of the swinging wing integrated in the profile of the sliding door frame; - a movable tubular seal (9a, 9b) installed in the slot (10) of the closed door at the contact between the sash and the frame or between the contact of two wings, which allow pushing or pulling the door around the hinges for oscillating movement of the door wings; - assembly (4) for forcibly closing a sliding door in the event of a fire alarm, power failure or similar event, the assembly comprising: o helical springs (31) attached to the housing (36) of the assembly and attached to the trolley (30) of the door leaf, which is guided on the guides (28 and 28a), the trolley (30) is also connected to the tow rope (29), winding on the drum (27), said drum (27) is mounted directly on a gear shaft (26a) attached to the housing (36), said drum (27) being mounted in a flange (34) which is attached to the housing (36); - a recessed handle for pulling the door leaves in swing mode mounted on at least one door leaf. Automatic sliding fire door according to Claim 1, characterized in that it has one sash or two sash and any dimension or type of fire profile and fire glass. Automatic sliding fire door according to Claim 2, characterized in that it has two wings and that the wings open without a predetermined sequence due to a movable tubular seal at the contact of the two wings. Automatic sliding fire door according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the seals (9 and 9a) are inserted in the first groove (8a) of the first profile (8) and in the second groove (11a) of the second profile (11), wherein the first profile (8a) may be a frame profile in a single-wing system or a frame profile of a second opposite swinging wing. Automatic sliding fire door according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fire profile (13) is fixed to the vertical profile (18) of the sliding frame (6a) by a flap (13a), whereby the sliding sash ( 6) the flap (13a) is driven into the interspace (15a) of the sealing profile (15), which is mounted on the L profile (14), which is fixed to the wall (1). Automatic sliding fire door according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gap between the wall on which the door is installed and the sliding sash is sealed with a fire-resistant sealing rubber (15) having a chamber (15a) in which are channels (15b) and (15c) for installing sealing membranes (16 and 16a). Automatic sliding fire door according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the safety rubber (12) is glued along the entire length of the vertical profile (11) of the sliding frame (6a). Automatic sliding fire door according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sliding jamb is prestressed, which prevents it from swinging in an oscillating mode. Automatic sliding fire door according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has a sliding frame (6a) through a vertical profile (18) and through a hole in the horizontal profile (24) and through the hollow nozzle (22) and (22a) on the supporting horizontal profile (19), the inserted tension rods (21) and (21a) are screwed into the mounting plate (20) in the lower part of the profile (18) and screwed on the top of the hollow bits (22) and (22a) with a nut (23) and (23a), which are also control elements for adjusting the preload of the sliding frame. Automatic sliding fire door according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sliding frame consists of load-bearing profiles and fire-fighting profiles, which are preferably joined by cutting elongated penetrations on both sides along the flaps of the fire-fighting profiles in a certain sequence. on the support profile, they produce specially designed tongues that have the same grid as the penetrations, but have a delay due to the alignment of the profiles; when the tabs on the support profile are inserted into the holes in the fire profile and the support profile is pushed in the direction of the notch on the tab, a strong connection is formed between the two profiles. Automatic sliding fire door according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the glazing slats (39) on the lower surface (39 ') are in any known manner attached to the fire-resistant metal plate (41) which engages under installation. glass or panel (36).