SG185974A1 - Ballast water treatment system - Google Patents
Ballast water treatment system Download PDFInfo
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- SG185974A1 SG185974A1 SG2012082558A SG2012082558A SG185974A1 SG 185974 A1 SG185974 A1 SG 185974A1 SG 2012082558 A SG2012082558 A SG 2012082558A SG 2012082558 A SG2012082558 A SG 2012082558A SG 185974 A1 SG185974 A1 SG 185974A1
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- Singapore
- Prior art keywords
- water
- ballast
- ballast water
- water treatment
- treatment system
- Prior art date
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 527
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010191 image analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 25
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000011268 retreatment Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000006247 magnetic powder Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 3
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Peracetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)OO KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxidochlorine(.) Chemical compound O=Cl=O OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000144992 flock Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000143060 Americamysis bahia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000180579 Arca Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004155 Chlorine dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001539176 Hime Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000607626 Vibrio cholerae Species 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019398 chlorine dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001332 colony forming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 dusts Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000968 intestinal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940118696 vibrio cholerae Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63J—AUXILIARIES ON VESSELS
- B63J4/00—Arrangements of installations for treating ballast water, waste water, sewage, sludge, or refuse, or for preventing environmental pollution not otherwise provided for
- B63J4/002—Arrangements of installations for treating ballast water, waste water, sewage, sludge, or refuse, or for preventing environmental pollution not otherwise provided for for treating ballast water
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63J—AUXILIARIES ON VESSELS
- B63J4/00—Arrangements of installations for treating ballast water, waste water, sewage, sludge, or refuse, or for preventing environmental pollution not otherwise provided for
- B63J4/004—Arrangements of installations for treating ballast water, waste water, sewage, sludge, or refuse, or for preventing environmental pollution not otherwise provided for for treating sludge, e.g. tank washing sludge
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
- B01D21/30—Control equipment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B13/00—Conduits for emptying or ballasting; Self-bailing equipment; Scuppers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/722—Oxidation by peroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/76—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with halogens or compounds of halogens
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/78—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with ozone
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/008—Control or steering systems not provided for elsewhere in subclass C02F
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/48—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with magnetic or electric fields
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/008—Originating from marine vessels, ships and boats, e.g. bilge water or ballast water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/11—Turbidity
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
- Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
24Since the ballast water treatment system relating to an aspect of the present invention is configured such that the water quality of the bailast water is monitored and based on that result, the operational conditions of the water treatment apparatus are controlled, it is possible to treat the ballast water enabling it to have a constant water quality even when the water quality of the ballast water significantly varies depending on water intake conditions. Moreover, since water treatment is performed in accordance with the water quality of the ballast water, it is possible to prevent an excessive or insufficient injection of the chemical liquid which is used for water treatment. For example, when a sterilization scheme is adopted for the water treatment apparatus, it is possible to prevent an excessive or insufficient injection of disinfectant, thereby preventing the disinfectant from imposing a burden on the coating, of the ballast tank and the environment.Fig.
Description
.
BALLAST WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM
The present invention relates to bailast water treatment systems, and particularly to a ballast water treatment system for removing aquatic organisms from the ballast water of a ship.
Ships which transport ores, crude off and the like are provided with a ballast tank so that ballast water such as sea water and fresh water is stored in the ballast tank to perform attitude control and stability maintenance of the bull. Since ballast water is taken into the ballast tank when the ship is unloaded, and is discharged from the ballast tank as the loading of cargoes progresses, it will be discharged in a region different from the location of water intake. Therefore, aquatic organisms may be moved with the ballast water and setile in 8 new environment, and in such a vase, there arises a concern that ecosystems are destroyed and the business activities such as fisheries are affected.
Moreover, there is also a fear that pathogenic bacteria which are moved with the ballast 28 water directly affect human health,
Accordingly, in the International Convention for the Management of Ships’
Ballast Water, "The International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships’
Ballast Water & Sediments,” was adopted in February, 2004, making it obligatory for ships to install a ballast water treatment apparatus. The ballast water management standards stipulated by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) are as follows, * Less than [0 viable organisms per cubic meter for organisms greater than or equal to 50 micrometers in minimum dimension. * Less than 10 viable organisms per milliliter for organisms less than 50 micrometers in minimum dimension and greater than or equal to 10 micrometers in minimum dimension, 33 * Toxicogenic Vibrio cholerae {0-1 and 0-139) is less than | colony forming unit {cfu} per 100 milliliters. * Escherichia coli is less than 250 cfu per 100 milliliters.
* Intestinal Eaterocooct is less than 100 cfu per 100 milliliters.
In order to satisfy such standards, varions ballast water treatment technologies for purifying ballast water are proposed. For example, conventionally, sterilization schemes have been the main stream, in which a coarse filtering is performed by a filter 3 {physical treatment) and thereafter distafectants are added; in Patent Citation 1, the ballast water is sterilized through the addition of chiorine-based chemicals. Morsover,
Patent Citation 2 utilizes hydro peroxide to sterilize the ballast water and Patent Citation 3 utilizes ozone to sterilize the ballast water,
In recent years, in place of sterilization schemes, a coagulation/separation 18 scheme is proposed as well. For example, in Patent Citation 4, chernicals and magnetic ‘oo powder are added to the ballast water 0 entangle aquatic organisms, which are the farget of removal, thereby forming reagnetic flocs, and these magnetic flocs are recovered by : use of magnets and filters thereby separating/removing the target aquatic organises, {5 Patent Citation | Japanese Patent application Laid-Open No. 04-32278%,
Patent Citation 2 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 05-910.
Patent Citation 3 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-21 2494.
Patent Citation 4 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-218887.
Ballast water may be taken in at any port around the world and its water quality would significantly vary depending on the place of water intake. For example, ina : water area where water pollution has become worse, the aguatic organisms existent in waier such as bacteria and planktons have increased due to eulrophication. Moreover, even in the same water area, the volume of aquatic organisms may significantly vary depending on the season, and a convection flow ete. may occur due to the temperature difference between day and night resulting in a change in the volume of aguatic organisms in a short period of me. For this reason, # is very difficult to constantly 33 achieve the ballast water management standards established by the IMO, and an attempt to fulfill the standards in an unreasonable manner may cause a new, adverse effect,
For example, in Patent Citations 1 10 3, to securely achieve the standards, it is necessary to inject an excess amount of disinfectant and as a result of the injection of an excess amount of chenucal Hauids, there is a risk that the efficacy thereof remaing thereby adversely affecting the coating of the ballast tank and killing aquatic organisms 3 in that water area when the ballast water 1 discharged.
Further, in order to securely achieve the standards in Patent Citation 4, it is necessary to add an excess amount of the chemicals for forming magnetic flocs, which may cause a risk that due to the injection of such excess arpount of chemicals, the amount of magnetic flocs 1 be recovered needlessly increases, 1G The present invention has been made in view of the above described circumstances, and has its object to provide a ballast water treatment system which can constantly achieve the ballast water management standards catsblished by the IMG.
In order to achieve the above described object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a ballast water treatment system including water freatinent apparatus which removes substances © be removed from ballast water, and a ballast tank which stores the ballast water treated by the water treatment apparatus installed on a ship, the ballast water treatment system characterized by including: a monitoring apparatus which monitors a water quality of the ballast water; and a control apparatus which controls an operational condition of the water treatrosnt apparatus based on a monitoring result of the monlioning spparaiis.
Since the first aspect of the present invention is configured such that the water guality of the ballast water is monitored and based on that result, the operational 2% conditions of the water treatment apparatus are controlled, if is possible to treat the ballast water enabling it to have a constant water quality even when the water quality of the ballast water significantdy varies depending on water intake conditions.
Moreover, according to the first aspect, since witer treatment is performed in accordance with the water quality of the ballast water, it {s possible to prevent an 3 excessive or insufficient injection of the chemical liquid which is used for water treatment. For example, when a sterilization scheme is adopted for the water treatment apparatus, it is possible to prevent an excessive or insufficient injection of disinfectant,
thereby preventing the disinfectant from imposing a burden on the coating of the ballast tank and the environment.
A second aspect of the present invention is characterized in that in the first aspect, the water treatment apparatus includes: a coagulation apparatus which coagulates 3 the substance io be removed by injecting a coagulant into and agitating the ballast water; and a separation/removal apparatus which separates and removes aggregates which occurs in the coagulation apparatus.
The second aspect is based on a coagulation/separation scheme which makes the substances to be removed in the ballast water to coagulate thereby being separatedfremoved, and there is no need of injecting disinfectants as in a sterilization : scheine, thereby eliminating a burden on the coating of the ballast tank and the environment. [is noted that a separation/removal apparatus can utilize a gravity settling, floatation, magnetic separation, filter separation, ete.
A third aspect of the present invention is characterized in that in the second aspect, the control apparatus controls the coagulation apparatus based on the monitoring result of the monitoring apparatus to adjust an injection amount of the coagulant,
According to the third aspect, since the injection amount of the coagulant 1s controlled in accordance with the water quality of the ballast water, it is possible to inject a just enough amount of the coagulant. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the 28 coagulant from being remained due to an excess injection of the coagulant, and to minirgize the burden on the environment when the ballast water is discharged.
A fourth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that in the second or third aspect, the separstion/removal apparatus is configured as a combination of a magnetic separation and a filter separation. 23 According to the fourth aspect, since a magnetic separation and a filter separation are combined, if is possible to perform the separationfrecovery of aggregates at a high speed and a high accuracy. It is noted that in the fourth aspect, it is preferable to admix magnetic powder into the ballast water before coggulation, Moreover, magnetic separation is preferably performed by using a magnet such as a permanent roagnet, a superconducting magnet, oic,, and filter separation is preferably performed by using a filter of 10 to 13 pm made of metal or resin
A fifth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that in any of the first to the fourth aspects, the monitoring apparatus monitors the ballast water by measuring at feast one of a turbidity and a chromaticity of the ballast water.
According to the fifth aspect, since the monitoring is performed by measuring at 3 least one of a wrbidity and a chromaticity, it 1s possible to indirectly oldain a rough estimate of the concentration of the aquatic organisras in the ballast water. Moreover, many multipurpose apparatuses have been developed for a furbidimeter and colorimeter.
A sixth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that in any of the first to the fourth aspects, the monitoring apparatus monitors the ballast water by performing 0 an image analysis of the ballast water.
According to the sixth aspect, since the water quality of the ballast water is monitored by performing an image analysis of the ballast water, it is possible to directly determine the concentration of the aquatic organisios in the ballast water.
A seventh aspect of the present invention is characterized in that in any of the first io sixth aspects, the control apparatus controls a treatment volume that is wreated by the water treatment apparatus per wait time,
According to the seventh aspect, since the treatment volume per unit time, that is, a dwell tine in the water freatment apparatus is controlled, it is possible to efficiently remove the substances to be removed even when the substances to be removed are in a large amount in the ballast water. For example, when a water treatment apparatus based on a sterilization scheme is used, it is possible to control a contact time period with a disinfectant by controlling the treatment volume per unit time. Therefore, even when there is an inflow of a high concentration of organisms due to a red tide, etc, itis possible to efficiently perform a sterilization treatment. Moreover, when a waler treatment apparatus based on a coagulation/separation scheme Is used, it is possible to contral the dwell time in the coagulation apparatus by controlling the treatment amount per unit time, Therefore, even whea there is an inflow of a high concentration of organisms due to 3 red tide ec, it is possible to securely perform the coagulation treatment of aguatic organisms. 3G An eighth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that in any of the first to the seventh aspects, the monitoring apparatus monitors the water quality of the
& ballast water at an inlet part of the water treatment apparatus, at an outlet part of the water treatment apparatus, and/or in the ballast tank.
According the eighth aapect, it is possible lo perform water treatment in accordance with the variation of water quality of the ballast water at the time of water 53° intake by monitoring the water quality of the ballast water at an inlet part of the water treatment apparatus, Moreover, it is possible to cope with a performance change (a degradation of performance, ete) of the water treatment apparatos by monitoring the water quality of the ballast water at an outlet part of the water ireatoent apparatus.
Further, it is possible to cope with the case in which the water quality is degraded in the tank by monitoring the water quality of the ballast water in the tank.
A ninth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that in any of the first to the eighth aspects, the ballast water reatrpent system includes a ne for returning the ballast water in the ballast tank or the ballast water to be discharged from the ballast tank to the outside to the waler treatment apparatus, and the ballast water is retreated by the water treatment apparatus.
According to the ninth aspect, it is possible to retreat the ballast water, and for example, when a large amount of the substances to be removed are included in the ballast water at the time of water intake, when the substances © be removed are not sufficiently removed by the water treatment, or when the substances to be removed have grown.in the 28 tank, the ballast water is retreated. As a result of this, § is possible to discharge ballast water in a state in which it securely satisfies the standards. It is noted that retreatinent of the ballast water is preferably performed while the ship navigates and when the ballast water 1s discharged. 2% Advantageous Effects
According to the present invention, since the water quality of the ballast water is monitored and based on the result, the operational conditions of the water treatment apparatus are controlled, it is possible to treat the ballast water which significantly varies depending on water intake conditions so that it has a desived water quality. Therefore, itis possible to securely satisfy the standards for the discharge of the ballast water gud therchy preventing the destruction of ecosystem due to the discharge of the ballast water,
Brief Description of Drawings i Figure 1] Figure | shows a first embodiment of the ballast water treatment system relating to the present invention. [Figure 2] Figure 2 shows a ballast water treatment system which is different from that of
S Figure 1. [Figure 3] Figure 3 shows the flow of water discharge in the ballast water treatment system of Figure 1. {Figure 4] Figure 4 shows a second embodiment of the ballast water treatment system relating to the present invention. by [Figure 5] Figure 5 shows a ballast water treatment system which ts different from that of :
Figure 4, {Figure 6] Figure 6 shows the flow of water discharge in the ballast water treatment svetem of Figure 4. {Figure 7] Figure 7 is a table to show the relationship between the concentrations of aquatic organisms of ballast water and the concentrations of chemical Liguids, {Figure §] Figure § is a table to show the relationship between the turbidity of ballast water and the adding amounts of coagulants, :
Explanation of Reference 10... Ballast water treatment system, 12... Ship, 14... Water treatment apparatus, 16... Ballast tank, 18,, Monitoring apparatus, 20... Control apparatus, 22. Physics] removal apparatus, 24... Sterilizing apparatus, 26.. Raw-water piping, 28... Pomp, 30., Valve, 32.. Treated water piping, 34 to 38... Sampling Pipe, 40... Ballast water treatment system, 42... Circulation Hane, 44... Circulation line, 2% 46... Bypass line, 50... Ballast water treatment system, 52... Water treatment apparatus, 34...Chemicals adding unit, 536... Coagulation unit, $8... Separation unii, 80... Magnetic powder adding apparatus, 62... Inorganic coagulant adding apparatus, 64... Polymeric coagulant adding apparatus, 66... High-speed agitation vessel, 68... Low-gspeed agitation vessel, 70... Piping, 72... Magnetic separation apparatus, 74... Filter separation apparatus, 80...Ballast water treatment system, 32... Circulation ling
Best Mode for Carrying out the Invention
Hereafter, preferable embodiments of the ballast water reatrnent system relating othe present invention will be described according to the appended drawings.
Figure | schematically shows the configuration of a first cnibodiment of the ballast water treatment system relating to the present invention. The ballast water § treatment system 10 shown in the figure is installed in a ship 12 and is primarily made up of a water treatroent apparatus 14, a ballast tank 16, a monitoring apparatus 18, and a contre apparatus 20:
The water treatment apparatus 14, which is an example of "sterilization scheme”, is roade up of 3 group of apparatuses including a physical removal apparatus 22 and a 13 sterilizing apparatus 24.
Co The physical removal apparatus 22 physically removes large aquatic organisms and suspended solids, vic, for which an apparatus utilizing, for example, a filter, a cyclone, a cavitation effect, and others are used singly or in combination. A raw-water piping 26 is connected to the physical removal apparatus 22, and a pump 28 and a valve 30 are arranged in the raw-water piping 26. With the pump 28 being driven, sea water or fresh water is withdrawn into the raw-water piping 26 and is fed to the physical removal apparatus 22. The pump 28 and the valve 38 are connected to the control apparatus 20, and the revolutional speed of the purnp 28 and the opening of the valve 30 are controlled by the control apparatus 20. is noted that depending on the design of the sterilizing apparstus 24 in the later stage, an embodiment in which the physical removal apparatus 22 is not installed ray be possible. Further, instead of using the pump 28, a difference in water level may be utilized to feed sea water or fresh water.
The physical removal apparatus 22 is connected to a ballast tank 16 via a treated water piping 32, and the sterilizing apparatus 24 is provided at some point in the treated water piping 32. The sterilizing apparatus 24 kills small aquatic organisms, for which an apparatus utilizing, for example, sodium hypochlorite, ozone, chlorine dioxide, peracetic acid, hydrogen peroxide, ultra-violet light and others are used singly or in combination. A specific example of the sterilizing apparatus 24 ts made up of a chemicals storage vessel for storing a disinfectant {not shown) and an injection apparatus 3¢ (wot shown) for injecting the disinfectant into the treated water piping. Moreover, an embodiment which includes 2 generation apparatus (not shown} for generating a disinfectant is also possible.
The treated water from which aquatic organisms are removed by the physical removal apparatus 22 and the sterilizing apparatus 24 is fed to and stored in the ballast tank 16. It is noted that as water discharge means for discharging the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 to the outside, an embodiment which discharges water by use of the
S$ raw-water piping 26 and the pump 28, and an erobodiment which discharges water by connecting a new water-discharging piping (not shown) to the ballast tank 16 may be passible.
Sampling pipes 34, 36, and 38 are respectively connected {0 the raw-water piping 24 {that is, an inlet part of the water treatment apparatus 14), the ireated water it piping 32 (that is, an outlet part of the water treatment apparatus 14), and the ballast tank 16, and each of the sampling pipes 34, 36, and 38 is connected fo the monitoring apparatus 18. The monitoring apparatus 18 automatically samples the ballast water withdrawn via the sampling pipes 34, 36, and 38 10 investigate the water quality thereof.
The method of investigating water quality is pot specifically limited, and for example, there is a method of directly mocasuring the concentration of aquatic organisms by acquiring image data of the ballast water by photographing and performing sn image analysis of the image data. Further, water quality may also be determined indirectly by using a turbidity meter for measuring a turbidity in water and a calorimeter for measuring a chromaticity in water, 24 The monitoring apparatus 18 is connected to the control apparatus 20 and the data of monitoring result is transmitted to the control apparatus 20. The control apparatus 20 is connected to the pump 28, the valve 30, the physical removal apparatus 22, and the sterilizing apparatus 24 so that based on the monitoring resulf, the operational conditions of the physical removal apparatus 22 and the sterilizing apparatus 24, the revolutions! speed of the purop 28, and the opening of the valve 30 are adjusted, This allows for the control of the operational conditions of the water treatment apparatus 14 such as the treatment volume of aquatic organisms and the weatment flow rate per unit time, £14C.
Next, the operation of the ballast water treatinent system 10 which is configured as desoribed above will be deacnbed. in the present embodiment, the ballast waters of the raw-water piping 20, the treated water piping 32, and the ballast tank 16 are sampled. That is, the water qualities of the ballast water at the time of water intake, the ballast water immediately after the treatment by the water treatment apparatus 14, and the ballast water stored mn the ballast tank 16 are monitored. Then, the conirol apparatus 20 controls the operational conditions of the water treatment apparatus 14 in accordance with the water quality, thus 3 performing ballast water {reatment.
For example, when the water quality of the ballast water of the raw-water piping 26 {that is, the ballast water at the time of water intake} degrades resulting in an increase in the concentration of aquatic organisms, the treatment capacity of the water treatment apparatus 14 is increased such as by increasing the amount of disinfectant to be inputted 10 tothe sterilizing apparatus 24 and decreasing the treatment flow rate by the pump 28 : andlor the valve 30. On the contrary, when the water quality of the ballast water at the time of water intake improves resulting in a decrease in the concentration of aquatic arganisms, the treatment capacity of the water treatment apparatus 14 is decreased such as by decreasing the amount of disinfectant to be inputted to the sterilizing apparatus 24 £5 and increasing the treatment flow rate by the pump 28 and/or the valve 30. This will make it possible to cope with variations in the water quality of the raw water of ballast water thereby stabilizing the water quality of the ballast water after treatment.
Moreover, by controlling the operations! conditions of the water treatment apparatus 14 in accordance with the water quality of the raw water of ballast water, it is made possible
Hy to prevent the disinfectant being excessively injected from the sterilizing apparatus 24, thus preventing the redundant disinfectant from adversely affecting the local ecosystem when the ballast water is discharged.
Similarly, it is possible to cope with a case in which the water quality of the ballast water of the treated water piping 32 (that is, the ballast water immediately after weatment) varies. That is, when the concentration of aquatic organisms increases, the ireatment capacity of the water treatment apparatus 14 is increased such as by increasing the amount of the disinfectants to be inputted to the sterilizing apparatus 24 and decreasing the treatment flow rate by the pump 28 and the valve 30. On the contrary, when the concentration of aquatic organisms decreases, the treatment capacity of the waler treatment apparatus 14 is decreased such as by decreasing the amount of the disinfectants to be inputted to the sterilizing apparatus 24 and increasing the treatment flow rate by the pomp 28 and the valve 30. This will make if possible to perform a feedback control of the water treatment apparatus 14 thereby stabilizing the water quality of the ballast water after treatment. It is noted that comparing the water quality of the ballast water of the raw-water piping 26 with the water quality of the ballast water of the treated water piping 32 will make it possible to more quickly and accurately cope with 8 variations in the water quality of the raw water of the ballast water thereby further stabilizing the water quality of the ballast water alter treatment.
In the present embodiment, the water quality of the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 is also monitored thereby allowing for the supervision of the water quality of the ballast water in the ballast tank. It 5 noted that when the water quality in the ballast tank degrades, it can be coped with by 3 method in which the ballast water in the ballast tank is circulated into the water treatment apparatus 14 and is retreated, a method in which when the ballast water in the ballast tank is discharged, 11 is {ed to the water treatment apparatus 14 and is retreated to be discharged, or further 2 method in which the steritizing apparatus 74 {3 connected to the ballast tank so that the inside of the ballast tank is sterilized, or the hike
Thus, according to the present eisbodiment, since the water quality of the ballast water is monitored and based on the result thereof, the operational conditions of the water treatment apparatus 14 are controlled, it is possible to always maintain a constant water quality of the ballast water even when the water quality of the ballast water significantly differs depending on water intake conditions,
Further, according to the present embodiment, since the water treatment is performed in accordance with the water quality of the ballast water, it is possible to inject a proper amount of chemical Hauid in accordance with the concentration of aquatic organisms. Here, the relationship between the concentration of aquatic organisms and each disinfectant is shown in the table of Figure 7. In the present embodiment, itis possible to inject an appropriate amount of a chemical liquid based on such relationship, thereby allowing for the prevention of excessive or insufficient injection of the chemical liquid. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the residual chenueal liquid from imposing a burden on the costing of the ballast tank 16 and the ecosystem in the arca of water discharge,
It is noted that in the table of Figure 7, the standard for aguatic organism A is “less than 10 viable organisms per cubic meter for organisms greater than or equal to 30 um in minimum dimension,” and the standard for aquatic organism B is "less than 10 viable organisms per milliliter for organisms less than 50 pum and greater than or equal to 10 pm in mindmum dimension.”
It is noted that although in the above described embodiment, the water quality of the ballast water is monitored at three places (the raw-waler piping 26, the treated water piping 32, and the ballast tank 16), the location and the number of points to be monitored are not limited to these and, for example, the water quality of the ballast water may be sampled at one or two of the above described places,
Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a system in which a function of retreating the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 is provided in the ballast water treatment system of
Figure I. The ballast water treatment systems 40 shown in the figure ts configured such : that a circulation line 42 is connected to the ballast tank 16, and the front end of the circulation Hue 42 is connected to the raw-water piping 26. The circulation line 42 is provided with a pump and a valve which are not shown, and the pump and the valve are i$ controlled by a conirol apparatus 20. It is noted that, the front end of the circulation line 42 may be connecied to the piping of the upstream side (the left side In Figure 2) of the pump 28 so that the pump 28 and the valve 30 are used for both water intake and circulation,
In the ballast water treatment system 40 configured as described above, the water quality of the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 is monitored and based on the monitoring result, the operational conditions of the water treatment apparatus 14 are controlled. For example, when the water quality of the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 degrades, the ballast water in the ballast lank 16 is circulated to the water treatment apparatus 14 through the circulation line 42 and retreatroent of the ballast water is carried out. Then, in accordance the water quality of the ballast water in the ballast tank 16, the operational conditions of the water treatment apparatus 14 are controlled to carry out retreatment of the ballast water until the concentration of aquatic organisms becomes less than or equal to a permissible value. This makes it possible to improve the water quality of the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 and keep it less than or equal to the permissible value.
Thus, in the present embodiment, it is possible to circulate and purify the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 and, for example, the purification of the ballast water can be performed while the ship navigates.
it is noted that in the above described embodiment; although the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 is returned to a former stage of the physical removal apparatus 22, it : may be retumed to the former stage of the sterilization point by the sterilizing apparatus 24 as shown by the circulation line 44 indicated in Figure 2. In this case, a retreatment including only a sterilization treatment is possible.
Further, although in the above described embodiment the water quality of the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 is monitored and in accordance with the result thereof, retreatment of the ballast water is controlled, configuration may be such that the water quality of the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 is compared with the water quality of the ballast water inunediately after the treatment and in accordance with the comparison result, the operational conditions at the time of retreatment are controlled. For example, configuration may be such that when the water quality of the ballast water immediately after the reatment becomes equivalent to the water quality of the ballast water in the ballast tank 16, retreatment of the ballast water is stopped,
Figure 3 is a schematic view to show the flow in performing the water discharge : in the ballast water treatment system 10 of Figure 1. It is noted that although the flow of water discharge in the figure shows an example of performing water discharge by use of the water treatment apparatus 14, the pump 28, and the valve 30 of Fi gure i, the method of water discharge is not limited to this method, and water discharge may be 28 performed by providing a water treatment apparatus, a pump, and a valve which are different from those for the time of water intake,
The ballast water treatment system 10 shown in Figure 3 is configured such that with the valve 30 being opened and the pump 28 being driven, the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 is discharged to the outside through the water treatment apparatus 14. 23 The control apparatus 20 controls the water treatment apparatus 14 in accordance with the monitoring result of the water quality of the ballast water in the ballast tank 16. For example, when the water quality (the concentration of aquatic organisms} of the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 exceeds a permissible value, the water treatment apparatus {4 is driven fo start retreatment of the ballast water, and the operational conditions {a treatment vohune such as the injection amount of disinfectant, snd a treatment flow rate per unit time) of the water treatment apparatus 14 are controlled in accordance with the water quality of the ballast water, This will improves the water quality of the ballast water 10 be discharged and the ballast water is controlled to be less than or equal ww a permissible value and is discharged.
Thus, according to the present embodiment, since configuration 1s made such that the water treatment apparatus 14 is disposed on the discharge line of the ballast water, it is possible to perform retreatment of ballast water at the time of discharge.
Therefore, even when the water quality of the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 degrades during navigation, it is possible to satisfy the discharge standard for ballast water by retreating the ballast water at the time of discharge.
It is noted that although, in the above deseribed embodiment, configuration is made such that the ballast water at the time of water discharge flows to the physical removal apparatus 22 as well, the configuration may be such that a bypass line 46 of the physical removal apparatus 22 is provided so that water is discharged without passing through the physical removal apparatus 22 as shown im Figure 3.
Figure 4 schematically shows the configuration of the ballast water treatment 1S system of a second embodiment. {tis noted that the members which have the same functions as those of the ballast water treatment system 10 shown in Figure | are given the same reference numbers thereby omitting the deseription therent.
As shown in Figure 4, compared with the ballast water treatment system 10 of the first embodiment shown in Figure 1, the ballast water treatment system 50 of the second embodiment is different in that a water treatment apparatus 32 based on a coagulation/separation scheme is used. The water treatment apparatus 52 based on 2 coagulation/separation scheme, which coagulates the substances to be removed (aguatic - organisms) in the ballast water to be separated and removed, is made up of a chemicals adding unit 54, a coagelation unit 56, and a separation unit 3% as shown in Figure 4,
The chemicals adding unit 54, which adds chemicals necessary for coagulating the substances to be removed {aquatic organisms) in the ballast water, includes a magnetic powder adding apparatus 60, an inorganic coagulant adding apparatus 62, and a polymeric coagulant adding apparatus 64 in the preseat embodiment. The magnetic powder adding apparatus 60 is configured to add magnetic powder to the ballast water to be fed to a high-speed agitation vessel 66 of the coagulation unil 56, and as the magnetic powder, for exaruple, triiron tetraoxide (FeyOy) is preferably used. The inorganic coagulant adding apparatus 62 is configured to add inorganic coagulants to the ballast water which is fed to the high-speed agitation vessel 86 of the coagulation unit 36, and as the inorganic coagulant, polvaluminum chloride, iron chionde, ferric sulfate, ete. are preferably used. The polymeric coagulant adding apparatus 64 is configured to add a polymeric coagulant to the ballast water to be fed to the low-speed agilation vessel 68 3 from the high-speed agitation vessel 68 of the coagulation unit 36, and a» the polymere coagulant, anionic and nonionic coagulants, etc. may be preferably used. 1 is noted that the kind of chemicals to be added is not limited to the above described embodiment and, for example, an embodiment which does not include the magnetic powder adding apparatus 60 is possible as well, when the magnetic separation apparatus 72 1s not used inthescparation unit 5% in the latter stage,
The coagulation unit 56 includes @ high-speed agitation vessel 46 to which ballast water is fed from the raw-water piping 26, and & low-speed agitation vessel 68 which is connected to the high-speed agitation vessel 66 through a piping 70. The high- speed agitation vessel 66 js configured to rapidly agitate the ballast water, magnetic powder, and a coagulant by rotating an agitator blade which is not shown at a high speed.
The agitating blade in the high-speed agitation vessel 66 has preferably a rotational peripheral speed of about | to 2 m/sec at is tip end part, and by using the high-speed agitation vessel 86 ke this, minute magnetic flocs having a size of several tens of micronieters are formed, in which magnetic powder, solid floating panicles in the ballast water, bacteria, planktons, etc, are taken in. The ballast water containing magnetic flocs is fed to the Jow-speed agitation vessel 68 via the piping 70.
The low-speed agitation vessel 6& is configured to slowly agitate the ballast water containing magnetic flocs and a polymeric coagulant by rotating the agitator Bade which is not shown at a low speed. The agitator blade of the low-speed agitation vessel 68 is controlled to have a lower rotational peripheral speed than that of the agitator blade of the high-speed agitation vessel 66. By using such low-speed agitation vessel 68, itis possible to grow magnetic flocs, and large magnetic flocs having a size of several hundred micrometers to several millimeters are formed. The ballast water confaining grown magaetic flocs is fed to the separation unit 38. I is noted that although in the present embodiment, the coagulation unit 56 is made ap of the high-speed agitation vessel 66 and the low-speed agitation vessel 68, the configuration of the coagulation unit $6 is not lirnited to this configuration, and various embodiments, for example, one in which several kinds of agitation vessels of different agitating roethods are provided, are possible.
The separation unit 58 includes a magnetic separation apparatus 72 and a filter separation apparatus 74. The magnetic separation apparatus 72 adsorbs and separates 3 roagnetic flocks in the ballast water by magnetic force, and not less than about 99% of the magnetic flocks in the raw water is separated and removed by the magnetic separation apparatus 72. The treated water which has been treated by the magnetic separation apparatus 72 is fed to the filter separation apparatus 74. The filter separation apparatus 74 utilizes a rotating drum filter (not shown} having a filter of a pore size of 10 to 50 um, and the ballast water is supplied to the inner side of the rotating drum filter so : that the ballast water is fed from the inner side to the outer side thereby being filtered, and thus small fish and shrimps, which cannot be removed by coagulation, are removed.
This makes it possible to remove contaminants such as dusts, solid floating particles, bacteria, planktons, etc. in the ballast water thereby purifying the ballast water. The purified ballast water is fed to the ballast tank 16 through treated water piping 32 10 be stored therein, tis noted that the configuration of the separation unit 38 is not lumiied to the above described embodiment, and various einbodiments are possible such as an embodiment in which no filter separation apparatus 74 is provided, and an embodiment in which in place of the magoetic separation apparatus 72, separation apparatuses such as those based on settling separation and floatation separation, etc. are wiilized,
The ballast water treatment system SU of the shove described second embodiment is configured such that as with the first erabodinent, sampling pipes 34, 36, and 38 are respectively connected 10 the raw-water piping 16, the treated water piping 32, and the ballast tank 16, and each of the sampling pipes 34, 36, and 38 is connected to the monitoring apparatus 18. The monitoring apparatus 18 automatically samples the ballast water withdrawn via the sampling pipes 34, 36, and 38 to investigate the water quality thereof. The method of investigating water quality 1s not specifically lined, and for example, there is a method of directly measuring the concentration of aquatic organisms by acquiring image dats of the ballast water by photographing and performing 33 an image analysis of the image data. Further, water quality may also be determined indirectly by using a turbidity meter for measuring a turbidity in water and a calorimeter for measuring a chromaticity in water.
The monitoring apparagis 18 is connected to the control apparatus 20 and the : data of monitoring result is transmitted to the control apparatus 25. The control apparatus 20 is connected to the pump 28, the valve 30, the chemicals adding unit 54, and the coagulation unig 56, and based on the monioring result, the operational : 3 conditions of the chemicals adding wnit 34 and the coagulation unit 56, the revolutional speed of the pump 28, and the opening of the valve 30 are adjusted. This allows for the control of the operational conditions of the water treatment apparatus 52 such as the treatment volume of aguatic organisms and the treatment flow rate per unit time, sic.
According to the second embodiment configured as described above, since the
Hy water guality of the ballast water is monitored and, based on the result thereof, the operational conditions of the water treatroent apparatus 52 ave controlled, i is possible fo always maintain a constant water quality of the ballast water even when he water quality of the ballast water significantly differs depending on water intake conditions,
For example, when the water quality of the ballast water of the raw-water piping 15 26degrades resulting in an increase in the conceniration of aquatic orgamisms, the treatrpent capacity of the water treatment apparatus 32 is increased such as by increasing the amount of chemicals to be inputted in the chemicals adding unit 54, enhancing the agitating effect in the coagulation wait 56 to increase the amount of coagulation, and decreasing the treatment flow rate by the pomp 28 and/or the valve 30. On the contrary, 20 when the water quality of the ballast water at the time of water intake iroproves resulting in a decrease in the concentration of aquatic organisms, the treatment capacity of the water treatment apparatos S2 is decreased such as by decreasing the amount of chemicals be inputted to the chemicals adding unit 54, decreasing the agitating effect in the coagulation unit 36 fo dearease the amount of coagulation, and increasing the ireatment flow rate by the pump 28 and/or the valve 30. This will make it possible (© cope with variations in the water quality of the raw water of ballast water, thereby stabilizing the water quality of the ballast water after treatment. Moreover, by controlling the operational conditions of the water treatment apparatus 52 in accordance with the water quality of the raw water of ballast water, it is made possible to prevent the chemicals of the chemicals adding unit 34 being excessively added thus preventing adverse effects on the local ecosystem when the ballast water is discharged,
Similarly, it is possible wo cope with a case in which the water quality of the ballast water of the treated water piping 32 (that is, the ballast water immediately after treatment) varies. That is, when the concentration of aquatic organisms increases, the treatment capacity of the water treatment apparatus 32 is inoreased in the same fashion as described above, and when the concentration of aquatic organisms decreases, the treatment capacity of the water treatment apparatus 52 1s decreased. This will make it possible to perform a feedback control of the water treatinent apparatus 52 thereby stabilizing the water quality of the ballast water after treatment. It is noted that comparing the water quality of the ballast water of the raw-waler piping 26 with the 1 water quality of the ballast water of the treated water piping 32 will make @ possible to more quickly and accurately cope with variations in the water quality of the raw water of the ballast water thereby further stabilizing the water quality of the ballast water after treatment. in the present embodiment, the water quality of the ballast water in the ballast 1S tank 16 is also monitored thereby allowing for the supervision of the water quality of the ballast water in the ballast tank 16. Ii is noted that when the water quality in the ballast tank 16 degrades, as described later, it can be coped with by a method in which the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 is circulated into the water treatment apparatus 52 and is retreated, or a method in which when the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 is 2 discharged, itis fed to the water treatment apparatus 52 and is retreated to be discharged, or the like,
As described above, in the second embodiment, since the operational conditions of the water treatment apparatus 32 are controlled in accordance with the water quality of the ballast water, it is possible to add an appropriate amount of coagulant in accordance 25 with the concentration of aquatic organisms. Here, the relationship between the turbidity of the ballast water and the adding amount of coagulant is shown in the table of
Figure 8. According to the present embodiment, if is possible to add an appropriate amount of coagulant based on such relationship.
It is noted that the table of Figure 8 shows a case in which polyashuminum chloride is used as an example of the inorganic coagulant,
Further, in the second embodiment, since the water treatment apparatus 52 based on a coagulation/separation scheme is used, i 1s possible to prevent adverse effects on the ecosystern as in a case in which disinfectants are used. Further, since when the : water treatrnent apparatus 52 based on a coagulation/separation scheme is used, mad (dir, dead bodies of organisms, etc.) will not be accumulated in the ballast tank 16, itis possible to prevent an increase of aquatic organisms in mud. Therefore, U 1s possible to 3 inhibit the water quality of the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 from being degraded.
It is noted that although in the above described embodiment, the water quality of the ballast water is monitored at three places (the raw-water piping 26, treated water piping 32, and ballast tank 16), the location and the number of points to be monitored are not limited to these and, for example, the water quality of the ballast water may be saopled at one or two of the above described places. i Figure § is a schematic view of a system in which a function of refreating the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 is provided io the ballast water treatmoent systero of
Figure 4. The ballast water treatment system 80 shown in the gure is configured such that a circulation line 82 is connected wo the ballast tank 15, and the front end of the circulation line 82 is connected to the raw-water piping 26. The circulation line 82 1% provided with a pump and a valve which are not shown and the pump and the valve are controtled by a control apparatus 20. It is poted that, the front end of the circulation line 82 may be connected to the upstream side {the left side in Figure §) of the pump 28 so that the pump 28 and the valve 30 are used for both the times of water intake and circulation.
In the ballast water treatment system 80 configured as described above, the water quality of the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 is monitored and based on the monitoring result, the operational conditions of the water treatment apparatus 52 are controlled. For example, when the water quality of the ballast water in the ballast tank 35 16 degrades, the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 is circulated to the water treatment apparatus S2 through the circulation line 82 and retreatment of the ballast water is started.
Then, in accordance with the water quality of the ballast water in the ballast tank 16, the operational conditions of the water treatment apparatus 52 are controlled to cary out retreatment of the ballast water until the water quality becomes less than or equal to a permissible value, As a result of this, the water quality of the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 is improved and controlied to be less than or equal to a permissible value,
Thus, 1a the present embodiment, it 1s possible to circulate and purify the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 and, for example, the purification of the ballast water can be performed while the ship navigates.
Further, although in the above described embodiment, the water quality of the : 5 haliast water in the ballast tank 16 is monitored and in accordance with the result thereof, retreatment of the ballast water is controlled, configuration may be such that the water guality of the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 is compared with the water quality of the ballast water immediately after the treatment and in accordance with the comparison result, the operational conditions at the dme of retreatment are controlled. For example, configuration may be such that when the water quality of the ballast water remediately oo after the treatment becomes equivalent to the water quality of the ballast water in the
Ballast tank 16, retreatpent of the ballast water is stopped.
Figure 6 15 a schematic view io show the tow in performing water dischargs in the ballast water treatment system 50 of Figure 4. | is noted that although the flow of water discharge in the figure shows an example of performing water discharge by use of the water treatment apparatus 32, the pump 28, and the valve 30 of Figure 4, the water discharge method is not limited to this method, and water discharge may be performed by providing a water treatment apparatus, 3 pump, and a valve different from those for the time of water intake. 23 The ballast water treatment system 50 shown in Figure § 1s configured such that with the valve 30 being opened and the pump 28 being driven, the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 is discharged to the onside through the water treatment apparatus 52,
The control apparatus 20 controls the water treatment apparatus 32 in accordance with the monitoring result of the water quality of the ballast water in the ballast tank 16. Por example, when the water quality (the concentration of aquatic organisms) of the ballast water in the ballast tank 16 exceeds a permissible valug, it starts retreatmoent of the ballast water by driving the water treatment apparatus 32 and controls the operational conditions {a treatment volume such as the injection amount of coagulant, and a treatment flow rate per unit Hime of ballast water, ete.) of the water treatment apparatus © 30 52inaccordance with the water quality of the ballast water, Since this will improve the water quality of the ballast water 10 be discharged, it is possible to discharge ballast water which is controlled to be less than or equal to the permissible value.
Thus, since according to the present embodiment, configuration is made such that the water trealment apparatus 32 is incorporated on the discharge line of ballast water, it is possible to perform retreatment of ballast water at the time of discharge thereby improving the water quality, Therefore, even when the water quality of the
% ballast water in the ballast tank 15 degrades during navigation, it is possible to satisfy the discharge standard for ballast water by retreating the ballast water at the tire of discharge.
Claims (1)
- pi CLAIMS1. A ballast water treatment system including a water treatment apparatus which removes a substance to be removed from ballast water, and a ballast tank which stores the ballast water treated by the water treatment apparatus installed on a ship, the ballast S$ water treatment system characterized by comprising: a monuoring apparatus which monitors a water quality of the ballast water; and a control apparatus which controls an Operational condition of the walter freatnoent apparatus based on a monitoring result of the monitoring apparatus.2. The ballast water treatment system according to claim 1, wherein 10 the water treatmpent apparatus comprises: a coagulation apparatus which coagulates the substance to be removed by injecting a coagulant into and agitating the ballast water; and a separation/rencoval apparatus which separates and removes aggregates which occurs inthe coagulation apparatus. 4 The ballast water treatment syste according to claim 2, wherein the control apparatus controls the coagulation apparatus based on the monitoring result of the monitoring apparatus to adjust an injection amount of the coagulant. 4, The ballast water treatment systent acearding 10 claim 2 or 3, wherein the separation/renioval apparatus is configured as a combination of a magnetic separation and a filter separation.3. The ballast water treatment system according to any one of claims 1 0 4, wherein the monitoring apparatus monitors the ballast water by measuring at least one of a turbidity and a chromaticity of the ballast water,6. The ballast water treatment system according to any one of claims 1 10 4, wherein the monitoring apparatus monitors the ballast water by performing an image analysis of the ballast water,7. The ballast water treatment system according 10 any one of claims 1 to 6, 33 wherein the control apparatus controls 4 treatment volume that is treated by the water treatment apparaties per unt time,: or8. The ballast water treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, Wherein the monitoring apparatus monitors the water quality of the ballast water at an indet part of the water treatment apparatus, al an outlet part of the water treatment 3 apparatus, and/or in the ballast tank.9. The ballast water treatment system according jo any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the ballast water {regiment sysiem comprises a ne for returning the ballast water in the ballast tank or the ballast water to be discharged from the ballast tank © the ouside to the water treatment apparatus, and the ballast water is retreated by the water treatment apparatus.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP2007290955A JP5238968B2 (en) | 2007-11-08 | 2007-11-08 | Ship |
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| SG2012082558A SG185974A1 (en) | 2007-11-08 | 2008-11-04 | Ballast water treatment system |
| SG10201602094RA SG10201602094RA (en) | 2007-11-08 | 2008-11-04 | Ballast water treatment system |
| SG10201701591TA SG10201701591TA (en) | 2007-11-08 | 2008-11-04 | Method for treating ballast water for vessel |
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| SG10201701591TA SG10201701591TA (en) | 2007-11-08 | 2008-11-04 | Method for treating ballast water for vessel |
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| JP (1) | JP5238968B2 (en) |
| KR (5) | KR20100077012A (en) |
| CN (2) | CN102673768B (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US10261063B2 (en) | 2012-11-14 | 2019-04-16 | Ballast Water Monitoring A/S | Method and system for monitoring quality of ballast water of a vessel |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10261063B2 (en) | 2012-11-14 | 2019-04-16 | Ballast Water Monitoring A/S | Method and system for monitoring quality of ballast water of a vessel |
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| SG10201602094RA (en) | 2016-04-28 |
| KR20160014115A (en) | 2016-02-05 |
| KR101712331B1 (en) | 2017-03-03 |
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| CN101855178A (en) | 2010-10-06 |
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| CN101855178B (en) | 2013-02-13 |
| SG10201701591TA (en) | 2017-04-27 |
| KR20170024151A (en) | 2017-03-06 |
| CN102673768B (en) | 2015-06-10 |
| CN102673768A (en) | 2012-09-19 |
| KR20100077012A (en) | 2010-07-06 |
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