SG11201607698TA - Apparatus and method for generating an error concealment signal using power compensation - Google Patents
Apparatus and method for generating an error concealment signal using power compensationInfo
- Publication number
- SG11201607698TA SG11201607698TA SG11201607698TA SG11201607698TA SG11201607698TA SG 11201607698T A SG11201607698T A SG 11201607698TA SG 11201607698T A SG11201607698T A SG 11201607698TA SG 11201607698T A SG11201607698T A SG 11201607698TA SG 11201607698T A SG11201607698T A SG 11201607698TA
- Authority
- SG
- Singapore
- Prior art keywords
- generating
- power compensation
- error concealment
- concealment signal
- signal
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
- G10L19/00—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
- G10L19/005—Correction of errors induced by the transmission channel, if related to the coding algorithm
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
- G10L19/00—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
- G10L19/02—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis using spectral analysis, e.g. transform vocoders or subband vocoders
- G10L19/028—Noise substitution, i.e. substituting non-tonal spectral components by noisy source
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
- G10L19/00—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
- G10L19/04—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis using predictive techniques
- G10L19/06—Determination or coding of the spectral characteristics, e.g. of the short-term prediction coefficients
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
- G10L19/00—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
- G10L19/04—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis using predictive techniques
- G10L19/08—Determination or coding of the excitation function; Determination or coding of the long-term prediction parameters
- G10L19/09—Long term prediction, i.e. removing periodical redundancies, e.g. by using adaptive codebook or pitch predictor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
- G10L19/00—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
- G10L2019/0001—Codebooks
- G10L2019/0002—Codebook adaptations
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
- G10L19/00—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
- G10L2019/0001—Codebooks
- G10L2019/0016—Codebook for LPC parameters
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Audiology, Speech & Language Pathology (AREA)
- Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Computational Linguistics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Compression, Expansion, Code Conversion, And Decoders (AREA)
- Digital Transmission Methods That Use Modulated Carrier Waves (AREA)
- Error Detection And Correction (AREA)
- Transmitters (AREA)
- Signal Processing For Digital Recording And Reproducing (AREA)
- Detection And Prevention Of Errors In Transmission (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP14160774 | 2014-03-19 | ||
| EP14167005 | 2014-05-05 | ||
| EP14178769.7A EP2922056A1 (en) | 2014-03-19 | 2014-07-28 | Apparatus, method and corresponding computer program for generating an error concealment signal using power compensation |
| PCT/EP2015/054490 WO2015139958A1 (en) | 2014-03-19 | 2015-03-04 | Apparatus, method and corresponding computer program for generating an error concealment signal using power compensation |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SG11201607698TA true SG11201607698TA (en) | 2016-10-28 |
Family
ID=51228339
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| SG11201607698TA SG11201607698TA (en) | 2014-03-19 | 2015-03-04 | Apparatus and method for generating an error concealment signal using power compensation |
Country Status (18)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (3) | US10224041B2 (pt) |
| EP (2) | EP2922056A1 (pt) |
| JP (3) | JP6525444B2 (pt) |
| KR (2) | KR101986087B1 (pt) |
| CN (2) | CN111370005B (pt) |
| AU (1) | AU2015233708B2 (pt) |
| BR (1) | BR112016020866B1 (pt) |
| CA (1) | CA2942698C (pt) |
| ES (1) | ES2664391T3 (pt) |
| HK (1) | HK1232334A1 (pt) |
| MX (1) | MX357493B (pt) |
| MY (1) | MY177216A (pt) |
| PL (1) | PL3120349T3 (pt) |
| PT (1) | PT3120349T (pt) |
| RU (1) | RU2651217C1 (pt) |
| SG (1) | SG11201607698TA (pt) |
| TW (1) | TWI581253B (pt) |
| WO (1) | WO2015139958A1 (pt) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2922055A1 (en) | 2014-03-19 | 2015-09-23 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Apparatus, method and corresponding computer program for generating an error concealment signal using individual replacement LPC representations for individual codebook information |
| EP2922056A1 (en) | 2014-03-19 | 2015-09-23 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Apparatus, method and corresponding computer program for generating an error concealment signal using power compensation |
| EP2922054A1 (en) | 2014-03-19 | 2015-09-23 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Apparatus, method and corresponding computer program for generating an error concealment signal using an adaptive noise estimation |
| RU2712093C1 (ru) | 2016-03-07 | 2020-01-24 | Фраунхофер-Гезелльшафт Цур Фердерунг Дер Ангевандтен Форшунг Е.Ф. | Блок маскирования ошибок, аудиодекодер и соответствующие способ и компьютерная программа, использующие характеристики декодированного представления надлежащим образом декодированного аудиокадра |
| RU2711108C1 (ru) * | 2016-03-07 | 2020-01-15 | Фраунхофер-Гезелльшафт Цур Фердерунг Дер Ангевандтен Форшунг Е.Ф. | Блок маскирования ошибок, аудиодекодер и соответствующие способ и компьютерная программа, подвергающие затуханию замаскированный аудиокадр согласно разным коэффициентам затухания для разных полос частот |
| US10249305B2 (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2019-04-02 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Permutation invariant training for talker-independent multi-talker speech separation |
| WO2020164752A1 (en) | 2019-02-13 | 2020-08-20 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Audio transmitter processor, audio receiver processor and related methods and computer programs |
Family Cites Families (63)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3316945B2 (ja) * | 1993-07-22 | 2002-08-19 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | 伝送誤り補償装置 |
| US5574825A (en) | 1994-03-14 | 1996-11-12 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Linear prediction coefficient generation during frame erasure or packet loss |
| US6208962B1 (en) * | 1997-04-09 | 2001-03-27 | Nec Corporation | Signal coding system |
| JP3649854B2 (ja) * | 1997-05-09 | 2005-05-18 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | 音声符号化装置 |
| EP1001541B1 (en) | 1998-05-27 | 2010-08-11 | Ntt Mobile Communications Network Inc. | Sound decoder and sound decoding method |
| US7072832B1 (en) * | 1998-08-24 | 2006-07-04 | Mindspeed Technologies, Inc. | System for speech encoding having an adaptive encoding arrangement |
| US6260010B1 (en) * | 1998-08-24 | 2001-07-10 | Conexant Systems, Inc. | Speech encoder using gain normalization that combines open and closed loop gains |
| US6240386B1 (en) * | 1998-08-24 | 2001-05-29 | Conexant Systems, Inc. | Speech codec employing noise classification for noise compensation |
| US7423983B1 (en) | 1999-09-20 | 2008-09-09 | Broadcom Corporation | Voice and data exchange over a packet based network |
| JP4218134B2 (ja) | 1999-06-17 | 2009-02-04 | ソニー株式会社 | 復号装置及び方法、並びにプログラム提供媒体 |
| US7110947B2 (en) | 1999-12-10 | 2006-09-19 | At&T Corp. | Frame erasure concealment technique for a bitstream-based feature extractor |
| US6757654B1 (en) | 2000-05-11 | 2004-06-29 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson | Forward error correction in speech coding |
| FR2813722B1 (fr) * | 2000-09-05 | 2003-01-24 | France Telecom | Procede et dispositif de dissimulation d'erreurs et systeme de transmission comportant un tel dispositif |
| US7031926B2 (en) | 2000-10-23 | 2006-04-18 | Nokia Corporation | Spectral parameter substitution for the frame error concealment in a speech decoder |
| JP2002202799A (ja) | 2000-10-30 | 2002-07-19 | Fujitsu Ltd | 音声符号変換装置 |
| US6968309B1 (en) | 2000-10-31 | 2005-11-22 | Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd. | Method and system for speech frame error concealment in speech decoding |
| JP3806344B2 (ja) | 2000-11-30 | 2006-08-09 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | 定常雑音区間検出装置及び定常雑音区間検出方法 |
| US7472059B2 (en) * | 2000-12-08 | 2008-12-30 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method and apparatus for robust speech classification |
| US7143032B2 (en) | 2001-08-17 | 2006-11-28 | Broadcom Corporation | Method and system for an overlap-add technique for predictive decoding based on extrapolation of speech and ringinig waveform |
| US7272555B2 (en) * | 2001-09-13 | 2007-09-18 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Fine granularity scalability speech coding for multi-pulses CELP-based algorithm |
| US7379865B2 (en) | 2001-10-26 | 2008-05-27 | At&T Corp. | System and methods for concealing errors in data transmission |
| JP2003295882A (ja) | 2002-04-02 | 2003-10-15 | Canon Inc | 音声合成用テキスト構造、音声合成方法、音声合成装置及びそのコンピュータ・プログラム |
| CA2388439A1 (en) * | 2002-05-31 | 2003-11-30 | Voiceage Corporation | A method and device for efficient frame erasure concealment in linear predictive based speech codecs |
| US20040083110A1 (en) | 2002-10-23 | 2004-04-29 | Nokia Corporation | Packet loss recovery based on music signal classification and mixing |
| WO2006009074A1 (ja) * | 2004-07-20 | 2006-01-26 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | 音声復号化装置および補償フレーム生成方法 |
| JP4989971B2 (ja) | 2004-09-06 | 2012-08-01 | パナソニック株式会社 | スケーラブル復号化装置および信号消失補償方法 |
| WO2006079349A1 (en) * | 2005-01-31 | 2006-08-03 | Sonorit Aps | Method for weighted overlap-add |
| FR2897977A1 (fr) | 2006-02-28 | 2007-08-31 | France Telecom | Procede de limitation de gain d'excitation adaptative dans un decodeur audio |
| JP4752612B2 (ja) | 2006-05-19 | 2011-08-17 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 突起電極付き回路基板の製造方法 |
| JP5190363B2 (ja) * | 2006-07-12 | 2013-04-24 | パナソニック株式会社 | 音声復号装置、音声符号化装置、および消失フレーム補償方法 |
| US20080046236A1 (en) | 2006-08-15 | 2008-02-21 | Broadcom Corporation | Constrained and Controlled Decoding After Packet Loss |
| CN101366079B (zh) | 2006-08-15 | 2012-02-15 | 美国博通公司 | 用于子带预测编码的基于全带音频波形外插的包丢失隐藏 |
| JP2008058667A (ja) | 2006-08-31 | 2008-03-13 | Sony Corp | 信号処理装置および方法、記録媒体、並びにプログラム |
| WO2008032828A1 (fr) | 2006-09-15 | 2008-03-20 | Panasonic Corporation | Dispositif de codage audio et procédé de codage audio |
| EP2538406B1 (en) | 2006-11-10 | 2015-03-11 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Corporation of America | Method and apparatus for decoding parameters of a CELP encoded speech signal |
| BRPI0808200A8 (pt) * | 2007-03-02 | 2017-09-12 | Panasonic Corp | Dispositivo de codificação de áudio e dispositivo de decodificação de áudio |
| CN100524462C (zh) * | 2007-09-15 | 2009-08-05 | 华为技术有限公司 | 对高带信号进行帧错误隐藏的方法及装置 |
| ES2391360T3 (es) | 2007-09-21 | 2012-11-23 | France Telecom | Ocultación de error de transmisión en una señal digital con distribución de la complejidad |
| CN100550712C (zh) | 2007-11-05 | 2009-10-14 | 华为技术有限公司 | 一种信号处理方法和处理装置 |
| WO2009084226A1 (ja) | 2007-12-28 | 2009-07-09 | Panasonic Corporation | ステレオ音声復号装置、ステレオ音声符号化装置、および消失フレーム補償方法 |
| DE102008004451A1 (de) | 2008-01-15 | 2009-07-23 | Pro Design Electronic Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Emulation von Hardwarebeschreibungsmodellen zur Herstellung von Prototypen für integrierte Schaltungen |
| CA2716817C (en) | 2008-03-03 | 2014-04-22 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Method and apparatus for processing audio signal |
| FR2929466A1 (fr) | 2008-03-28 | 2009-10-02 | France Telecom | Dissimulation d'erreur de transmission dans un signal numerique dans une structure de decodage hierarchique |
| US8301440B2 (en) * | 2008-05-09 | 2012-10-30 | Broadcom Corporation | Bit error concealment for audio coding systems |
| MX2011000375A (es) | 2008-07-11 | 2011-05-19 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Codificador y decodificador de audio para codificar y decodificar tramas de una señal de audio muestreada. |
| DE102008042579B4 (de) | 2008-10-02 | 2020-07-23 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zur Fehlerverdeckung bei fehlerhafter Übertragung von Sprachdaten |
| CN102034476B (zh) * | 2009-09-30 | 2013-09-11 | 华为技术有限公司 | 语音帧错误检测的方法及装置 |
| EP2506253A4 (en) | 2009-11-24 | 2014-01-01 | Lg Electronics Inc | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PROCESSING AUDIO SIGNAL |
| EP2458585B1 (en) | 2010-11-29 | 2013-07-17 | Nxp B.V. | Error concealment for sub-band coded audio signals |
| WO2012110481A1 (en) | 2011-02-14 | 2012-08-23 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Audio codec using noise synthesis during inactive phases |
| CN103620672B (zh) * | 2011-02-14 | 2016-04-27 | 弗劳恩霍夫应用研究促进协会 | 用于低延迟联合语音及音频编码(usac)中的错误隐藏的装置和方法 |
| US9026434B2 (en) | 2011-04-11 | 2015-05-05 | Samsung Electronic Co., Ltd. | Frame erasure concealment for a multi rate speech and audio codec |
| JP6178304B2 (ja) | 2011-04-21 | 2017-08-09 | サムスン エレクトロニクス カンパニー リミテッド | 量子化装置 |
| WO2012158159A1 (en) | 2011-05-16 | 2012-11-22 | Google Inc. | Packet loss concealment for audio codec |
| EP2518986B1 (en) * | 2011-07-25 | 2018-03-21 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | A device and method for controlling echo in parameter domain |
| JP5596649B2 (ja) | 2011-09-26 | 2014-09-24 | 株式会社東芝 | 文書マークアップ支援装置、方法、及びプログラム |
| KR102173422B1 (ko) | 2012-11-15 | 2020-11-03 | 가부시키가이샤 엔.티.티.도코모 | 음성 부호화 장치, 음성 부호화 방법, 음성 부호화 프로그램, 음성 복호 장치, 음성 복호 방법 및 음성 복호 프로그램 |
| BR122021009025B1 (pt) | 2013-04-05 | 2022-08-30 | Dolby International Ab | Método de decodificação para decodificar dois sinais de áudio e decodificador para decodificar dois sinais de áudio |
| CN103456307B (zh) * | 2013-09-18 | 2015-10-21 | 武汉大学 | 音频解码器中帧差错隐藏的谱代替方法及系统 |
| EP2922056A1 (en) * | 2014-03-19 | 2015-09-23 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Apparatus, method and corresponding computer program for generating an error concealment signal using power compensation |
| EP2922054A1 (en) | 2014-03-19 | 2015-09-23 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Apparatus, method and corresponding computer program for generating an error concealment signal using an adaptive noise estimation |
| EP2922055A1 (en) * | 2014-03-19 | 2015-09-23 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Apparatus, method and corresponding computer program for generating an error concealment signal using individual replacement LPC representations for individual codebook information |
| US9837094B2 (en) | 2015-08-18 | 2017-12-05 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Signal re-use during bandwidth transition period |
-
2014
- 2014-07-28 EP EP14178769.7A patent/EP2922056A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2015
- 2015-03-04 AU AU2015233708A patent/AU2015233708B2/en active Active
- 2015-03-04 BR BR112016020866-8A patent/BR112016020866B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2015-03-04 MY MYPI2016001683A patent/MY177216A/en unknown
- 2015-03-04 WO PCT/EP2015/054490 patent/WO2015139958A1/en active Application Filing
- 2015-03-04 CA CA2942698A patent/CA2942698C/en active Active
- 2015-03-04 PL PL15710132T patent/PL3120349T3/pl unknown
- 2015-03-04 PT PT157101320T patent/PT3120349T/pt unknown
- 2015-03-04 KR KR1020187005948A patent/KR101986087B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2015-03-04 ES ES15710132.0T patent/ES2664391T3/es active Active
- 2015-03-04 KR KR1020167028282A patent/KR101889721B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2015-03-04 RU RU2016140845A patent/RU2651217C1/ru active
- 2015-03-04 SG SG11201607698TA patent/SG11201607698TA/en unknown
- 2015-03-04 MX MX2016012005A patent/MX357493B/es active IP Right Grant
- 2015-03-04 EP EP15710132.0A patent/EP3120349B1/en active Active
- 2015-03-04 CN CN202010013058.5A patent/CN111370005B/zh active Active
- 2015-03-04 JP JP2017500142A patent/JP6525444B2/ja active Active
- 2015-03-04 CN CN201580014853.3A patent/CN106170830B/zh active Active
- 2015-03-11 TW TW104107815A patent/TWI581253B/zh active
-
2016
- 2016-09-16 US US15/267,869 patent/US10224041B2/en active Active
-
2017
- 2017-06-13 HK HK17105821.5A patent/HK1232334A1/zh unknown
-
2019
- 2019-01-24 US US16/256,902 patent/US10733997B2/en active Active
- 2019-04-30 JP JP2019087035A patent/JP6761509B2/ja active Active
-
2020
- 2020-07-08 US US16/923,890 patent/US11367453B2/en active Active
- 2020-09-04 JP JP2020148639A patent/JP7116521B2/ja active Active
Also Published As
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| HK1252838A1 (zh) | 用於產生可吸入介質的設備 | |
| HK1244187A1 (zh) | 用於生成可吸入介質的設備 | |
| EP3155798A4 (en) | Method and apparatus for single-pass failed nozzle compensation | |
| GB2528265B (en) | Method of and apparatus for generating an output frame | |
| EP3190750A4 (en) | Method and apparatus for generating service path | |
| EP3140639A4 (en) | Apparatus and methods for weld measurement | |
| PL3210107T3 (pl) | Sposób i urządzenie do ułatwienia logowania na konto | |
| SG11201700631UA (en) | Apparatus and method for generating an enhanced signal using independent noise-filling | |
| SG11201607698TA (en) | Apparatus and method for generating an error concealment signal using power compensation | |
| GB2541268B (en) | An apparatus for generating hydrogen | |
| GB2525208B (en) | Method of and apparatus for generating an encoded frame | |
| EP3129803A4 (en) | Signal harmonic error cancellation method and apparatus | |
| GB201414872D0 (en) | Apparatus and method for steering marine sources | |
| SG10201506693RA (en) | Methods and apparatus for processing and generating an order | |
| GB201407602D0 (en) | Method and apparatus for generating droplets | |
| TWI560704B (en) | Apparatus and method for generating an error concealment signal using an adaptive noise estimation | |
| GB201620409D0 (en) | An apparatus for generating hydrogen | |
| EP3420640A4 (en) | METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR REED-SOLOMON CODING | |
| EP3184302A4 (en) | Solder inspection apparatus and feedback information generation method for solder inspection apparatus | |
| GB2526278B (en) | Apparatus for generating sound | |
| GB201407984D0 (en) | Method and apparatus for characterising instrument error | |
| EP3523950A4 (en) | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATING A STATE | |
| GB201402309D0 (en) | An apparatus and method for providing haptic feedback | |
| GB201614679D0 (en) | An apparatus for generating hydrogen | |
| GB201514219D0 (en) | An apparatus for generating hydrogen |